განათლების სისტემის გარდაქმნისა და...

ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis

proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

agvisto 2007

mark Sapiro jgufis xelmZRvaneli

Siro nakata proeqtis oficeri

lela Caxaia kvlevis koordinatori

eka Jvania kvlevis koordinatori

giorgi babunaSvili mTavari asocirebuli mkvlevari

nino fruiZe asocirebuli mkvlevari

medea cxomeliZe asocirebuli mkvlevari

2008 © proeqti `ilia WavWavaZe~

s a r C e v i

Semajamebeli mimoxilva 7

a-1.0 saswavlo garemos reforma 8

kvlevis sxva mniSvnelovani Sedegebi saswavlo garemos Sesaxeb: 10

ZiriTadi mignebebi skolebis socialur da fizikur garemosTan dakavSirebiT 13

a-2.0 reformebi marTvisa da finansuri

SesaZleblobebis gaumjobesebisaTvis 15

ZiriTadi miRwevebi marTvis, finansuri SesaZleblobebis da informaciis marTvis sakiTxebSi mdgomareobs SemdegSi: 16a-3.0 rekomendaciebi Semdgomi kvlevisaTvis 22

1.0 Sesavali da winapiroba

1.1 Sesavali 23

1.2 angariSis struqtura 24

1.3 saswavlo garemo 24

1.3.1 skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba 24

1.3.2 saskolo qseli 25

1.3.3 axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi ganxorcielebuli treningebi 26

1.3.4 damxmare saswavlo masalebis gamofena 27

1.3.5 proeqt `irmis naxtomis~ trening-programa 28

1.4 marTva da finansebi

1.4.1 decentralizacia da marTva 29

1.4.2 vauCeruli dafinansebis formula 30

1.4.3 maswavlebelTa saxelfaso angariSworebis axali sqema 30

1.4.4 optimizacia 30

2.0 kvlevis formati da struqtura 32

2.3 SerCeva 35

2.4 ganxiluli kategoriebi, indeqsebis

SemuSaveba da komentarebi kiTxvarebze 35

2.5 monacemTa bazebis aRweriloba 36

2.5.1 skolebis SemTxveviT SerCeviTi modelis aRweriloba 36

2.5.2 respodenti maswavleblebis SerCeviTi modelis aRweriloba 37

2.6 kvlevis masStabebi 39

3.0 Sedegebi: saswavlo garemo 40

3.1 erovnuli saswavlo gegmis CarCo, saxelmwifo miznebi da Sedegebi 40

3.2 maswavleblebis treningebi da profesiuli ganviTareba 46

3.2.2 maswavleblebis damokidebuleba swavlebis

axali meTodebis mimarT da maTi gamoyeneba 53

3.2.2 respodentebis mzaoba da damokidebuleba

axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mimarT 76

3.2.5. Sefaseba 98

3.2.5.1. Sefasebis sistema 98

3.2.5.2. ganmaviTarebeli da Semajamebeli Sefaseba 99

3.2.6. sapilote da saimplementacio modelebi 104

3.2.7. swavlebis meTodebis gardaqmnis mxardaWera 105

3.2.8. maswavlebelTa treningi sainformacio

da satelekomunikacio teqnologiebSi 112

3.2.9. daskvnebi: maswavleblebis treningi,

profesiuli ganviTareba, axali saswavlo gegma, Sefaseba 119

3.3. saswavlo da damatebiTi masalebis miwodeba,

socialuri da fizikuri saswavlo garemo 121

3.3.1. klasgareSe RonisZiebebi 121

3.3.2. swavlis xelisSemSleli pirobebi 122

3.3.3. skola, saklaso masalebi da saswavlo garemo 131

3.3.4. saswavlo da damatebiTi masalebi,

skolis fizikuri da socialuri garemo: daskvnebi 168

4.0 Sedegebi: 170

mmarTvelobis efeqturoba da finansebi 170

4.1 decentralizacia da mmarTveloba

4.1.1 zogadi midgoma skolis avtonomiisadmi 170

4.1.2 skolebisa da direqtorebis SesaZleblobebi

decentralizebul garemoSi 171

4.1.3 direqtoris arCevnebis sistema 174

4.1.4 sameurveo sabWoebis efeqturoba da aqtiuroba 175

4.1.5 mSoblebis monawileoba skolis marTvasa da swavlis procesSi 179

4.1.6 saganmanaTleblo resurscentris institucionaluri uflebamosileba 180

4.1.7 skolis SesaZleblobebi biujetis Sedgenis sferoSi 183

4.1.8 decentralizacia da marTva: daskvnebi 185

4.2 vauCeruli dafinanseba da skolis finansuri mdgomareoba 186

4.2.1 vauCeruli dafinanseba da skolebis

finansuri mdgomareoba. daskvnebi 189

4.3 maswavleblebis axali anazRaurebis sqemis efeqturoba 189

4.3.1 maswavlebelTa mosazrebebi anazRaurebis

axal sistemasTan dakavSirebiT 190

4.3.2 maswavlebelTa saxelfaso donis Sedareba sxvadasxva

tipis skolebs Soris, reformamde da reformis Semdeg 190

4.3.3 waxalisebis sqema 291

4.3.5 maswavlebelTa kadrebis gadinebis tendencia 192

4.3.6 maswavleblis axali anazRaurebis sqemis efeqturoba. daskvnebi 192

4.4 skolebis optimizacia 192

4.4.1 SromiTi, fizikuri da finansuri

resursebis konsolidaciis gavlena 193

4.4.2 konsolidaciis gavlena moswavleebis swavlaze,

saswavlo SesaZleblobebsa da registraciaze 195

4.4.3 mxareTa mier dasaxelebuli ZiriTadi problemebi 197

4.4.4 direqtorTa mosazrebebi optimizaciasTan dakavSirebiT 197

4.4.5 skolis optimizacia: daskvnebi 198

5. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 199

5.1. saswavlo garemo

5.1.1 maswavleblebis treningebi. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 199

5.1.2 axali saswavlo gegma: daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 203

5.1.3 mudmivi cvlilebis mxardaWeris sistema: daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 204

5.1.4 Sefaseba. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 204

5.2 marTva da finansebi. zogadi daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 210

5.2.1 marTva da finansebi. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi sameurveo

sabWosa da direqtorebis treningebis Sesaxeb 214

5.3. rekomendaciebi damatebiTi kvlevisTvis

5.3.1. damatebiTi kvlevis sferoebi 216

5.3.2. damatebiTi monacemebis saWiroeba 220

danarTebi 221

danarTi a: SerCevis meTodologia 221

a.1 sawyisi SerCevis meTodologia 221

a.2 meore etapi 221

a3. SerCevis mesame etapi 222

danarTi b: monacemebi maswavlebelTa kiTxvarze 1 223

�ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

Semajamebeli mimoxilva

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom (SemdgomSi, saministro)

ganaxorciela Zireuli sistemuri reforma, romelic iTvaliswinebs skolis marTvisa

da finansuri SesaZleblobebis gaumjobesebas da swavlebis da swavlis efeqturi

sistemis Seqmnas. ganxorcielebis masStabebsa da vadebs Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,

reforma uprecendentod SeiZleba CaiTvalos. saskolo reformis miznebidan

gamomdinare da warmatebuli saerTaSoriso gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT,

SemuSavda zogadi ganaTlebis reformis mimarTulebebisa da principebis Sefasebis

struqtura. Sefasebis Sedegad gamovlinda, erTi mxriv, reformis sawyis etapze

miRweuli warmatebebi da, meore mxriv, reformis procesisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli

problemuri sakiTxebi. aRmoCnda, rom sasurveli Sedegebis misaRwevad jer kidev

bevria gasakeTebeli. reformis sasurvel Sedegs warmoadgens saerTaSoriso sabazro

pirobebSi momavali Taobis da qveynis konkurentunarianobis uwyveti zrda.

msoflio bankis da saministros mier erToblivad ganxorcielebuli proeqti

,,ilia WavWavaZe” gabedul nabijebs dgams masStaburi reformebis gansaxorcieleblad.

samomavlo saqmianoba igegmeba saerTaSoriso gamocdilebisa da gare eqspertebis

Sefasebis angariSebis gaTvaliswinebiT. warmodgenili Sefasebis angariSi asaxavs

reformis rva ZiriTadi mimarTulebis sxvadasxva aspeqts. Sefasebis angariSi

momzadda kvlevis Sedegad moZiebuli monacemebis, direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis

gamokiTxvis safuZvelze. amasTan, Catarda fokus jgufebi skolebis sameurveo

sabWoebTan da maswavleblebTan. saqarTvelos 20 sxvadasxva regionSi SemTxveviTi

SerCevis meTodiT kvlevaSi gaerTianda daaxloebiT 100 skola. Aam skolebis

direqtorebsa da maswavleblebs daurigdaT kiTxvarebi. monacemTa Segrovebis

amgvari formati saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionSi skolebSi arsebuli mdgomareobis

Seswavlisa da mocemuli informaciis ganzogadebis saSualebas iZleva. Sefaseba

ar ganxorcielebula konfliqtur zonebisa da eTnikuri umciresobis skolebSi.

im skolebSi, sadac reformiT gaTvaliswinebuli iniciativebi mxolod ramdenime

welia xorcieldeba, Sefasebis Sedegebi SesaZloa gamoviyenoT reformis Sualeduri

Sedegebis efeqturobis Sesafaseblad da SesaZlebeli cvlilebebis gansasazRvradac.

im skolebisaTvis, sadac reforma uaxloes warsulSi daiwyo, Sefasebis Sedegebi

SegviZlia ganvixiloT, rogorc damatebiTi sabaziso kvleva. momavalSi, SesaZloa

aseve Catardes msgavsi kvleva da moxdes SedarebiTi analizi sabaziso mdgomareobasa

da Sefasebis periodisTvis arsebul mdgomareobas Soris, rac mogvcems saSualebas

ganvsazRvroT reformebis Sedegebis efeqturoba.

Sefasebis angariSis struqtura or nawilad aris warmodgenili: 1. saswavlo

garemos efeqturobis uzrunvelsayofad ganxorcielebuli reformis Sefaseba da 2. skolis

marTvisa da finansuri SesaZleblobebis gasaumjobeseblad Catarebuli reformis Sefaseba.

mocemul qveTavSi warmodgenilia ZiriTadi mignebebi, daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi.

Cveni mizania, reformis sxvadasxva aspeqtis Sesaxeb mivawodoT srulyofili da

detaluri informacia dainteresebul mxareebs, amitom Sesaval nawilSi SedarebiT

vrclad aris ganxiluli moZiebuli monacemebi, vidre es stadartuli formatisTvis

aris damaxasiaTebeli. detaluri informacia vrceli rekomendaciebiT ixileT me-5

qveTavSi, xolo daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi warmodgenilia me-3 da me-4 qveTavebSi.


a-1.0 saswavlo garemos reforma

a-1.1 saswavlo garemos reforma: maswavlebelTa treningebi, maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTareba, axali saswavlo gegma, Sefaseba, saskolo qseli

kvlevis Sedegebma gviCvena, rom maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebisa da

axali saswavlo gegmis dasanergad Catarebuli treningebi warmatebiT ganaxorciela

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrma da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis

da Sefasebis centrma. saministrosa da sxva monawile mxareebs swori mimarTuleba

aqvT aRebuli da mocemul etapze maT ukve bevri mniSvnelovani gadawyvetileba

miiRes. miuxedavad amisa, sasurveli Sedegebis misaRwevad momavalSi mniSvnelovani

samuSaoa Casatarebeli.

kvlevis Sedegebma gamoavlina:

• reformis farglebSi ganxorcilebuli iniciativebis Sedegad moswavle metad

motivirebulia, ukeTesad swavlobs da ufro CarTulia saswavlo procesSi

• dainerga aqtiuri swavlebisa da swavlis principebi da maTi praqtikuli gamoyenebac

reformamdel periodTan SedarebiT mniSvnelovnad ufro xSiria.

• maswavlebelTa nawili, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, ar iyenebs aqtiuri swavlisa da

swavlebis meTodebs da, garkveulwilad, kvlavac dominirebs didaqtikuri, tradiciuli

meTodebi.

magaliTad, daaxloebiT yvela respodenti maswavlebeli acxadebs, rom aqtiuri

swavlebis meTodebs nawilobriv iyeneben – es faqti TavisTavad mniSvnelovani

cvlilebaa warsulis praqtikasTan SedarebiT. maswavlebelTa nawili Tvlis, rom

axali meTodebi marTebulia da sruliad SesaZlebelia maTi praqtikulad gamoyeneba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis mixedviT, maswavleblebi

am meTodebs xSirad iyeneben, pasiuri swavlebis meTodebi kvlavac gavrcelebuli

praqtikaa _ saklaso oTaxs jer kidev tradiciulad awyoben, axal meTodebs ki

meqanikurad da arasaTanadod iyeneben. msgavsi problemebi damaxasiaTebelia am tipis

intervenciebis ganxorcielebis procesisaTvis. axali meTodebis srulyofilad

gaazrebas da danergvas arTulebs samagaliTo modelebis nakleboba, profesiuli

literaturisa da mniSvnelovani profesiuli mxardaWeris simcire.

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebsa da axal saswavlo programebSi maswavlebelTa

treningebi yvela tipis skolebSi ganxorcielda. gamokiTxuli maswavleblebi da

direqtorebi adastureben, rom maT monawileoba miiRes treningebSi, magram miaCniaT,

rom Catarebuli treningebi, iseve rogorc warmodgenili modelebi, sakmarisi ar

aris. aucilebelia damatebiTi treningebis organizeba, raTa maswavleblebma kargad

gaiazron axali saswavlo programa da aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebic ufro aqtiurad

gamoiyenon. amas garda, aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis araTanmimdevruli da araswori

gamoyeneba aSkarad miuTiTiebs, rom maswavleblebi, direqtorebi, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebi da sxva CarTuli mxareebi uwyvet profesiul mxardaWeras saWiroeben.

saministro gegmavs am problemis mogvarebas.

CarTuli mxareebisTvis naTelia, rom reformis efeqtur ganxorcielebas

sxvadasxva problema abrkolebs. damatebiTi treningebis garda, aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebis gamoyenebas xels uSlis Semdegi garemoebebi:


• Sesabamisi teqnikuri aRWurvilobisa da masalis simcire;

• mravalricxovani jgufebi, gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebSi;

• gakveTilisaTvis gansazRvruli drois mokle monakveTi;

• rig skolebSi Seuferebeli saskolo garemo, rac ganapiroba moqmedi

direqtorebisaTvis organizebuli treningebis simcirem.

maswavleblebi, direqtorebi, mSoblebi da saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi

dadebiTad arian ganwyobilni axali saswavlo gegmis mimarT. maswavlebelTa

mniSvnelovani nawili aRniSnavs, rom axali saswavlo gegma maT arCevanis Tavisuflebas,

profesiuli SesaZleblobebis efeqturad warmoCenisa da klasSi sxvadasxva donis

moswavleebTan praqtikuli muSaobis saSualebas aZlevs. kvlavac aucilebelia

damatebiTi treningebis Catareba maswavleblebis im nawilisaTvis, romelTac

axali saswavlo gegmis mniSvneloba kargad ar aqvT gaazrebuli. maswavlebelTa

umravlesoba Tvlis, rom mzadaa aswavlos axali sagnobrivi programebi, magram

aRniSnaven damatebiTi treningebisa da modelebis aucileblobas.

reformis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da

Sefasebis centris mier SemuSavebuli moswavleTa Sefasebis axali, 10-quliani

sistemis danergva. maswavleblebis da mSoblebis umravlesoba kargad ver acnobierebs,

Sefasebis axali sistemis koncefcias. am SemTxvevaSi, saWiroa damatebiTi treningebis

Catareba.

saministros, msoflio banksa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis

centrs damatebiTi treningebis cikli rom ar Caetarebina (treningebi xorcieldeba

mimdinare etapze da gagrZeldeba momavalSi), mosalodneli iyo, rom maswavleblebi

da direqtorebi absoluturad arasworad gaigebnen axal saswavlo gegmas da

kvlavac gamoiyenebdnen warsulSi damkvidrebul swavlebis meTodikas. amis Tqmis

safuZvels gvaZlevs reformis procesSi myofi sxva qveynebis gamocdileba. kvlevis

farglebSi Seswavlil iqna Tu ramdenad efeqturi iyo maswavleblebisaTvis

sainformacio teqnologiebSi Catarebuli treningebi. proeqt ,,irmis naxtomis”

farglebSi iniciativebis ganxorcielebisas gaiTvaliswines arsebuli problemebi da

treningebis modelic Sesabamisad gansazRvres. ,,irmis naxtomis” treningebSi monawile

maswavleblebis nawili, gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebSi, axla ufro metad iyenebs

kompiuterebs. Tumca maswavleblebis umravlesoba, maT Soris treningis monawilenic,

kvlavac an saerTod ar iyeneben kompiuterebs, an Zalze iSviaTad. es SeiZleba

gamowveuli iyos Semdegi garemoebebiT: maT ar aqvT kompiuteruli unar-Cvevebi;

ar ician, Tu rogor Suesabamon kompiuteruli teqnologiiT swavleba maTi sagnis

specifikas; kompiuteruli teqnika naklebad aris xelmisawvdomi skolis bazaze.

“irmis naxtomis” treningebis farTomasStaburia, magram ara siRrmiseuli. Tumca,

dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad siRrmiseuli treningebi maswavlebleblTa SezRuduli

raodenobisaTvis an distaciuri swavleba, SeiZleba sulac ar iyos efeqturi.

10ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

kvlevis sxva mniSvnelovani Sedegebi saswavlo

garemos Sesaxeb:

• maswavleblebisTvis ZiriTadad misaRebia axali saxelmZRvaneloebi, magram maT

did nawils ar aqvs maswavleblis saxelmZRvanelo;

• maswavleblebis mxardaWerisaTvis saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

umetesobas kvlavac ar gaaCnia sakmarisi resursebi, samuSao gamocdileba da

codna.

• sagnobrivi fakultetebis Camoyalibebam xeli Seuwyo skolis bazaze

maswavleblebis TanamSromlobis gaumjobesebas. Tumca, sxvadasxva skolebSi amgvari

Sexvedra sxvadasxva sixSiriT, umeteswilad ki Zalze iSviaTad tardeba. reformis

wina periodTan SedarebiT skolebs Soris TanamSromloba ufro intensiuri gaxda;

skolebs Soris izolireba Secvala urTierTTanamSromlobam, magram saskolo qselis

masStabi jerjerobiT mcirea;

• fokusjgufebTan Sexvedrisas, gamoTqves mosazreba, rom ufrosklaselTa

umetesoba mxolod konkretul sagnebs swavlobs erTiani erovnuli gamocdebis

Casabareblad. es problema sxva qveynebSi nawilobriv mogvarda mas Semdeg, rac

umaRles saswavleblebSi misaReb gamocdebze dasaSvebad saerTo akademiuri

moswrebis saSualo maCvenebeli an msgavsi zogadi indikatori savaldebulo

moTxovnad iqca.

• a-1.2 saswavlo garemosTan dakavSirebuli rekomendaciebi: maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTareba

1. treningebi unda daexmaros maswavleblebs, raTa maT gamoiyenon swavlebis

axali meTodebi, arsebuli masala da resursebi efeqturad da ara meqanikurad.

treningebze maswavlebelma unda gaacnobieros, Tu rogor gamoiyenos aqtiuri

swavlebis meTodebi mravalricxovan jgufSi. es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania

qalaqisa da zogierTi soflis skolebSi.

2. erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris mier organizebuli

treningebis mTavari mizani unda iyos, rom maswavleblebma SeZlon aqtiuri swavlebis

Sesabamisad gakveTilis dagegmva drois mokle monakveTSi. sasurvelia, saministrom

da skolebma ganixilon sagakveTilo drois xangrZlivobis gazrdis SesaZlebloba,

rac xels Seuwyobs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebas.

3. aucilebelia Catardes treningebi moswavleTa Sefasebis 10-quliani sistemis

Sesaxeb. amasTan dakavSirebiT gasaTvaliswinebelia klasis sidide, gansakuTrebiT

qalaqis skolebSi. amgvari treiningis Catarebis saWiroeba imdenad didia, rom

dagegmili treningebis raodenoba SesaZloa sakmarisi ar aRmoCndes.

4. gasaTvaliswnebelia, rom sapilote skolebSi axali saswavlo gegmebis

treiningebSi CarTul maswavleblebs unda hqondeT Tavisufali dro an unda iRebdnen

honorars/anazRaurebas dasvenebis dReebSi gaweuli samuSaos asanazRaureblad.

samuSaoSi igulisxmeba skolebSi kolegebisaTvis (da SesaZloa mezobeli skolebis

maswavleblebisaTvis) treningebis an mentoruli saqmianobis Catareba. am rekomendaciis

gaTvaliswinebisas aucileblad unda ganisazRvros Sesabamisi xarjebi.

5. sasurvelia, regionalur doneze specialuri RonisZiebebis/seminarebis Catareba,

romlebzec ganixilaven aqtiuri swavlebis, Sefasebisa da skolebis masStabiT

axali saswavlo programis danergvis warmatebuli praqtikis magaliTebs. amisaTvis


SesaZlebelia gamoiyenon maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris mier

Catarebuli samuSao.

6. mizanSewonilia, direqtorebi da ganaTlebis resurcentrebis akademiuri

profilis mqone kadrebi ufro metad CaerTon maswavleblebis profesiuli donis

amaRlebis iniciativebSi. amgvarad gaizrdeba maswavlebelTa mxardaWera, Catarebuli

treningebic ufro efeqturi gaxdeba da skolis administraciac metad iqneba CarTuli

procesSi.

7. sasurvelia, maswavleblebisaTvis grZelvadiani profesiuli donis

asamaRlebeli gegma iTvaliswinebdes Sesabamisi motivaciis elementebs. saministrom

saWiroa ganumartos maswavleblebs, Tu romeli treningebi daexmareba maT dagegmili

licenzirebis procesSi, es moTxovnebi, am etapze jer kidev ar aris gansazRvruli.

8. maswavlebelTa momzadebis treningebSi Zireuli cvlilebebi xorcieldeba, Tumca

Zalian nela. erT-erTi alternatiuli gzaa, umaRlesi ganaTlebis dawesebulebebis

(universitetebis) TanamSromloba im arasamTavrobo Tu kerZo organizaciebTan,

romlebic maswavlebelTa profesiul ganviTarebaze muSaoben. gardamaval etapze

myofi sxva saxelmwifoebis, baltiispireTisa da balkaneTis qveynebis gamocdileba

gviCvenebs konkretul magaliTebs, Tu rogoraa SesaZlebeli amgvari procesebis

daCqareba, rac amavdroulad boloniis procesebis moTxovnebs akmayofilebs.

9. mniSvnelovania, qarTul enaze momzadebuli treningis masalebis gavrceleba.

Mmaswavleblebma unda icodnen, rom es masalebi maTTvis xelmiswavdomia. am

rekomendaciis ganxorcieleba, xarjebs gaTvaliswinebiT, garkveul sirTuleebTana

aris dakavSirebuli. mocemul situaciaSi erT-erT alternatiuli gamosavali

SeiZleba iyos, ,,irmis naxtomiT” skolebis internetizaciis procesis dasruleba,

rac xels Seuwyobs Sesabamisi masalebis gavrcelebas mniSvnelovnad naklebi

danaxarjebiT. Tumca, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom maswavleblebs naklebad aqvT

teqnikuri unar_Cvevebi, am etapze, yvelaze misaReb alternativad rCeba beWdviTi

masalebis miwodeba da gavrceleba.

10. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu arsebuli saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis erT-

erT umTavresi funqcia maswavlebelTa profesiuli treningebis organizebis

xelSewyobaa, mniSvnelovania axlad garemontebuli resurscentrebis ukeTesad

aRWurva maswavleblebisTvis gamosadegi wignebiTa da sxva masalebiT.

11. mniSvnelovania, SeZlebisdagvarad, saskolo qselis masStabebis gafarToebaze

zrunva. gasaTvaliswinebelia, am iniciativis ukve miRweuli warmatebuli Sedegebi.

a-1.3 saswavlo garemo: socialuri da fizikuri garemo

sabaziso kvlevebis angariSebi miuTiTebs, rom saqarTvelos mier saxelmwifoebrivi

damoukideblobis gamocxadebis adreul etapze, skolebis materialur-teqnikuri bazis

SenarCuneba da reabilitacia seriozul problemad iqca. wlebis manZilze arsebuli

mdgomareoba uaryofiTad aisaxa swavlisa da swavlebis procesze. saministros mier

skolebis konsolidaciisa da reabilitaciis procesebis dawyebam garkveulwilad

xeli Seuwyo arsebuli pirobebis gaumjobesebas, rac reformis erT-erT warmatebad

SeiZleba CaiTvalos. am problemebis gadasaWrelad, kerZod gansakuTrebiT mZime

mdgomareobaSi arsebuli rigi skolebis fizikuri reabilitaciisa da uwyveti

konsolidaciis procesis gansaxorcieleblad mxolod msoflio bankis dafinaseba

sakmarisi ar aris. reabilitaciis procesi gegmis mixedviT kidev 1000 skolas moicavs

da ganxorcieldeba damtkicebuli kriteriumis mixedviT.


ZiriTadi mignebebi skolebis socialur da

fizikur garemosTan dakavSirebiT:

1. mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda skolebis eleqtroenergiiT momarageba. Tumca,

kvlevaSi CarTuli skolebis daaxloebiT naxevarSi saklaso oTaxebis ganaTeba ar

aris sakmarisi.

2. aqtiuri swavlisa da swavlebis procesis gansaxorcieleblad erT-erT

problema didi zomis klasebia, qalaqis skolebis magaliTze; amasTanave, moswavleTa

asakobrivi jgufisaTvis Seusabamo mcire zomis merxebi/aveji saklaso oTaxebis

umetesobaSi xelisSemSlel faqtoria (gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebSi); moswavleebis

gakveTilebze daswrebis dabali maCvenebeli cudi amindis pirobebSi, gansakuTrebiT

mTian regionSi, transportirebis saSualebebis simciriT aris ganpirobebuli.

3. klasebze dakvirvebis Sedegad miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, klasebis

meoTxed nawils, anu moswavleTa did raodenobas ar gaaCnia saxelmZRvaneloebi.

4. miuxedavad imisa, rom maswavleblebi SedarebiT pozitiurad afaseben

axladSeqmnil maswavlebelTa saxelmZRvaneloebs, vidre warsulSi, respodenti

maswavleblebis meoTxedi moiTxovs, rom gakveTilis gegma ufro meti moculobiT

miewodos. respodent maswavlebelTa 40% acxadebs, rom maswavlebelTa

saxelmZRvaneloebi maTTvis ar aris xelmisawvdomi.Bbundovania maswavleblis

saxelmZRvaneloebis simciris mizezi.

5. skolebSi damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis mniSvnelovani simcire

aRiniSneba.

6. gamokiTxuli skolebis mxolod naxevari uzrunvelyofs klasgareSe

iniciativebs moswavleebisaTvis. klasgareSe aqtivoba, xarisxiani ganaTlebis

erT-erT xelSemwyobi faqtoria. qalaqis skolebSi, klasgareSe aqtivobebisaTvis

dawesebulma gadasaxadebma, SesaZloa, daabrkolos moswavleebi socialurad

daucveli ojaxebidan.

7. kerZo gakveTilebis (repetitoris) wliuri saSualo safasuri 250-1000

lars Seadgens, rac socialurad daucveli ojaxebisaTvis mniSvnelovan sirTules

warmoadgens da moswavleebs ganaTlebis misaRebad araTanabar pirobebs uqmnis.

kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom skolebis biblioTekis programis ganxorcilebis

Sedegad garkveulwilad gaumjobesda da gafarTovda soflis skolebis

biblioTekebSi xelmisawvdomi saganmanaTleblo resursebi. miuxedavad amisa, unda

aRiniSnos, rom sasurveli Sedegebis misaRwevad biblioTekebisaTvis gankuTvnili

sivrce da resursebi kvlavac problemaa, gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebSi, sadac

maswavleblebi arsebul resursebs sistematurad ar iyeneben.

proeqt ,,irmis naxtomis” warmatebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos skolebSi saswavlo

dRis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavleblebTa mier kompiuterebisa da internets

ufro xSiri gamoyeneba. maT, visac programis farglebSi sabaziso treningi

CautardaT, axla SedarebiT metad sargebloben arsebuli teqnologiebiT, vidre

adre. maswavleblebi xSirad mimarTaven sainformacio menejers daxmarebisaTvis.

umravlesoba Tvlis, rom Zalzed mniSvnelovania damatebiTi treningebi teqnikuri

unar_Cvevebis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis. skolebSi kompiuterebis raodenoba

kvlavac SezRudulia. mdgomareoba SedarebiT ukeTesia proeqt, ,,irmis naxtomSi”

CarTul skolebSi. Tu zogadad, arsebul mdgomareobas ganvixilavT, kompiuterebis

da internetis xelmisawvdomoba kvlavac mcirea skolebis umetes nawilSi. Qqalaqis


skolebTan SedarebiT mZime suraTia soflis skolebsa da im skolebSi, romlebsac

”irmis naxtomis” kompiuterizaciis programa jer ar Sexebia. skolebs gansazRvruli

unda hqondes kompiuterebis movlisaTvis aucilebeli biujeti, manam, vidre skola

kompiuterebiT momaragdeba.

a-1.3 saswavlo garemos reforma: rekomendaciebi socialuri da fizikuri garemos Sesaxeb

Sefasebis procesSi gamovlenili sirTuleebis da aRmoCenebis safuZvelze, me-5

qveTavSi warmodgenilia damatebiTi rekomendaciebi. maT Sorisaa:

1. saministrosa da msoflio bankis mier ganxorcielebuli programebi skolebis

damatebiTi saswavlo masalebiT aRsaWurvad arasakmarisi aRmoCnda. aRsaniSnavia isic,

rom am etapze dRis wesrigSi sxva saganmanaTleblo prioritetebia. mizanSewonilia,

skolebma gaiTvaliswinon damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis SeZenis sakiTxi sabiujeto

prioritetebis gansazRvrisas. SesaZloa, saministrom da mimdinare etapze moqmedma

centrebma gaagrZelon maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris mier

dawyebuli samuSao. kerZod, akademiur personals miawodon informacia xelmisawvdomi

saganmanaTleblo resursebis gamoiyenebis Sesaxeb. amasTanave, gamoiyenon sxva

qveynebis gamocdileba meti informaciis misaRebad. saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis

saagentos specialuri gverdi (Development Experience Clearinghouse) arsebuli resursebis

gansaTavseblad erT-erTi alternatiul variantia.

2. biblioTekebis organizeba da ganviTareba erT-erTi prioritetuli sakiTxia.

reformis procesSi CarTuli mxareebi unda daexmaron skolebs, raTa maT gaacnobieron

biblioTekebis saWiroeba. meti xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelsayofad; SesaZloa,

ganxilul iqnas biblioTekebis kompiuterul laboratoriebTan gaerTianebis

perspeqtivac. didi farTobis mqone skolebs SeuZliaT gamoyon damatebiTi saklaso

oTaxi, romelic Ria biblioTekis funqcias Seasrulebs. im skolebisaTvis, romelTac

farTobi ar aZlevs biblioTekisaTvis sivrcis gamoyofis saSualebas, mizanSewonilia

satelituri biblioTekebis amoqmedeba an iseTi mcire saswavlo centrebis

Camoyalibeba, romliTac ramdenime skola erTad isargeblebs. reformis procesis

efeqturi ganxorcilebis gegmis SesamuSaveblad rekomendebulia saerTaSoriso an

regionaluri sakonsultacio daxmarebis gamoyeneba.

3. mniSvnelovania, skolebma biblioTekebis wignebiT da damatebiTi saswavlo

masalebiT aRWurvaSi mxardaWeris/daxmarebis miRebis mizniT iTanamSromlon

mSoblebTan, adgilobrivi Temisa da biznesis warmomadgenlebTan. saministrosa da

centrebs SeuZliaT moiZion saerTaSoriso donorebi, romlebic inglisur, an sxva

ucxo enebze arsebul masalas miawvdian.

4. skolis administracias unda ganumarton, rom biblioTekis masalebi

xelmisawvdomi unda iyos yvela maswavleblisaTvis. SeiZleba TiToeuli maTgani

flobdes sakuTar personalur gasaRebs. skolis administraciam unda gaacnobieros,

rom umjobesia biblioTekis masala gamoyenebis Sedegad iyos dazianebuli, an

Selaxuli, vidre skolis bazaze arsebobdes daculi saganmanaTleblo resursebi,

romlebsac realurad aravin iyenebs.

5. skolebis mxardaWera sxvadasxva klasgareSe iniciativebis gansaxorcieleblad

xels Seuwyobs swavlisa da swavlebis donis amaRlebas da gunduri muSaobis

principebis damkvidrebas. socialurad daucveli moswavleebisaTvis, ganaTlebis

Tanabari SesaZleblobebis uzrunvelsayofad, saministrom unda waaxalisos skolebi

da SesTavazos dafinanseba (stipendia, granti, honorari) klasgareSe saqmianobebisaTvis,


im SemTxvevaSi Tu msgavsi iniciativa usasyidlod ver xorcildeba da finansur

mxardaWeras saWiroebs.

6. winamdebare dokumentis bolos mocemulia rekomendaciebi saxelmZRvaneloebis

Sesaxeb. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da Sefasebis centrs SeuZlia aamoqmedos

eleqtronuli gverdi(veb-gverdi), sadac maswavleblebsa da direqtorebs saSualeba

eqnebaT erTmaneTs gauziaron TavianTi mosazreba saxelmZRvaneloebis dadebiT da

uaryofiT mxareebze. SeniSvenebi unda gaiTvaliswinon axali saxelmZRvaneloebis

redaqtirebisas an miscen skolebs saxelmZRvanelos arCevis ufleba.

7. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da Sefasebis centrma mizanSewonilia mimarTos

maswavlebelTa saxelmZRvanelos avtorebs, raTa maT gazardon Sesabamisi sagakveTilo

gegmebis raodenoba. es daexmareba maswavleblebs ukeTesad gaacnobieron aqtiuri

swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis gzebi. skolebs saxelmZRvaneloebi unda miawodon

saswavlo wlis dawyebamde. rekomendebulia, momavalSi Catardes kvleva, Tu ratom

ar gaaCnia maswavlebelTa 40%-s maswavleblis saxelmZRvanelo, maSin, rodesac maT

klasebSi ukve axali saxelmZRvaneloebi gamoiyeneba.

8. saministrom unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom mniSvnelovani damabrkolebeli pirobaa

kerZo repetitoroba, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac maswavlebeli sakuTar moswavles

amecadinebs. mizanSewonilia, licenzirebul maswavlebelTa jgufebis Seqmna, an sxva

alternatiuli variantebis ganxilva, Tanxebis moculobis da momsaxurebis pirobebis

standartizaciis mizniT.

9. kompiuterebi kidev ufro metad xelmiswavdomi unda gaxdes maswavleblebisaTvis.

amasTanave, sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeri yovelTvis mzad unda iyos skolis

bazaze maswavleblebis teqnikuri daxmarebisa da unar-Cvevebis asamaRleblad.

a-2.0 reformebi marTvisa da finansuri SesaZleblobebis

gaumjobesebisaTvis

a-2.1 mignebebi skolis marTvis da finansuri SesaZleblobebis konteqstSi

saministrom masStaburi sistemuri reforma ganaxorciela zogadsaganmanaTleblo

skolebis marTvis da finansuri mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad. miuxedavad imisa, rom

mocemuli procesi ganxorcielebis Sualedur etapzea, kvlevis Sedegad gamoikveTa

am procesis, rogorc warmatebuli mxare, aseve is problemebic, romelTa daZlevac

aucilebelia saboloo miznebis misaRwevad. erT-erT umniSvnelovanes warmatebad

SeiZleba CaiTvalos skolebis dafinansebaSi sruliad axali principebis danergva,

rac amcirebs korufciis safrTxes da uzrunvelyofs skolebis mier sabiujeto

fondebis efeqturad marTvas. vinaidan, mocemuli qveTavi sakiTxebis farTo speqtrs

aerTianebs, miRwevebi da sirTuleebi mokle punqtebis CamonaTvalis saxiT aris

warmodgenili.


ZiriTadi miRwevebi marTvis, finansuri

SesaZleblobebis da informaciis marTvis

sakiTxebSi mdgomareobs SemdegSi:

• CarTuli mxareebi naTlad acnobiereben da dadebiTad afaseben skolebisaTvis

avtonomiis miniWebis sakiTxs biujetis dagegmvisa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis

aspeqtebSi. sabiujeto sakiTxebis ganxilvaSi maswavlebelTa CarTuloba uzrunvelyofs

procesebis gamWirvalobas da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis monawileobiT xasiaTs.

• warmatebuli dasawyisia saqarTvelos skolebSi sameurveo sabWoebis

Camoyalibeba da rig skolebSi maTi saskolo cxovrebaSi CarTva.

skolebSi sameurveo sabWoebis institutis CamoyalibebiT, saministrom

mniSvnelovnad Seuwyo xeli skolis bazaze demokratiuli procesebis ganviTarebas,

vinaidan, axlad Seqmnili sameurveo sabWoebi monawileoben saskolo cxovrebis

aqtualur procesebSi. agreTve, sameurveo sabWoebis funqcionirebam SesaZloa xeli

Seuwyos korufciis Semcirebas skolis bazaze. miznis misaRwevad, aucilebelia,

sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis maTi SesaZleblobebis da uflebamosilebis gansazRvra.

• mSoblebis CarTva saskolo cxovrebaSi

mSoblebi axla ufro metad arian dainteresebulni da CarTulni saskolo

cxovrebaSi, vidre reformamdel periodSi. es pirvel rigSi sameurveo sabWoebis

Camoyalibebam ganapiroba. mSoblebi gamoxataven sakuTar mosazrebebs 10-quliani

Sefasebis sistemis Sesaxeb.

• rig skolebSi gamovlinda biujetis da marTvis, informaciis mopovebisa da strategiuli dagegmarebis SesaZleblobebi

aRsaniSnavia, rom Tbilisis #51 da kaxaTis sajaro skolebma sabiujeto sakiTxebis

dagegmva da marTva efeqturad ganaxorcieles. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisaTvis

dagegmil treningebze es gamocdileba SeiZleba samagaliTo modelad gamoiyenon.

skolebis umetesobas am TvalsazrisiT SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi aqvT, rac

reformis sust mxared iTvleba.

• dadebiTi ganwyoba saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis mimarT da motivirebuli resurscentrebis TanamSromlebi

saganmanaTleblo resurscentri skolis damxmare organizaciaa, romelic skolis

administraciasa da saministros Soris Sualeduri institutis funqcias asrulebs.

skolebi dadebiTad afaseben axal centrebs, romlebic sruliad gansxvavdebian adre

arsebuli raionuli centrebisagan. aRsaniSnavia, rom resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebi

sakmaod motivirebulni da dainteresebulebi arian.

kvlevisas gamoikveTa Semdegi problemebi:

• direqtorebis, skolis administraciuli kadrebis, sameurveo sabWoebis wevrebisa

1�ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

da saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisaTvis treningebis aucilebloba

sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis Catarebuli treningebis simcire, skolis

administraciasTan gaurkvevlobebis da zog SemTxvevaSi, usafuZvlo konfliqtebis

mizezi xdeba. sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis treningebis organizeba xels Seuwyobs maTi

valdebulebebis efeqturad ganxorcielebas skolis marTvisa da saswavlo garemos

gasaumjobeseblad. es momavalSi skolebisaTvis akreditaciis misaRebad erT-erTi

mTavari piroba iqneba.

• arasakmarisad aqtiuri da momzadebuli sameurveo sabWoebi skolebSi, gansakuTrebiT ki soflis skolebSi.

sameurveo sabWoebis saqmianoba da miRwevebi skolebis mixedviT gansxvavdeba.

damatebiTi treningebi sabWos wevrebs daexmareba efeqturad gamoiyenon miniWebuli

uflebamosileba da Seasrulon valdebulebebi, rogorc skolis marTvis, aseve,

saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebis procesSi.

• informaciis gaziarebis/gavrcelebis SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi da rig skolebSi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis arademokratiuli principebi

zogadad, direqtorTa arCevnebis sistemis dadebiTi Sefasebebis miuxedavad,

respodentTa azriT, gasaTvaliswinebelia uaryofiTi Sedegebic. zogierTi

direqtoris da skolis administraciis sxva warmomadgenlebis azriT, axali

sqemiT arCeul zogierT direqtors adgilobriv TemTan iseTi mWidro kavSirebi da

urTierTobebi ar aqvs, rogorc warsulSi. (saministros mier mowodebuli ganmartebis

mixedviT, mocemuli mosazreba SesaZloa gazviadebulad miviCnioT, vinaidan skolebi

gaerTianda teritoriul erTeulebSi, maT Soris manZilis gaTvaliswinebiT). mocemuli

sqemis mixedviT korufciasTan brZolas SeiZleba direqtorTa SesaZleblobebis

SezRudva mohyves, vinaidan isini adgilobrivi fondebis moZiebas Seecdebian.

• mkafiod ar aris gansazRvruli funqciebi da valdebulebebi, rac direqtorebsa

da sameurveo sabWoebs Soris gaugebrobebis da usargeblo konfliqtebis mizezi

xdeba.

• skolebis konsolidaciis miznebi da kriteriumebi mkafiod unda iyos

Camoyalibebuli, gansakuTrebiT im SemTxevebSi, rodesac aRniSnuli mTel skolaze

vrceldeba.

a-2.2 reformebi marTvisa da finansuri SesaZleblobebis

gasaumjobeseblad

rekomendaciebi marTvis, finansuri SesaZleblobebisa da informaciis mopovebis

gasaumjobeseblad:

1. saministrom saWiroa gansazRvros organizacia, romelic uzrunvelyofs

direqtorebisa da sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis treningebis SedarebiT xangrZlivi

ciklis organizebas. SesaZlebelia, sxva (msgavsi masStabebis) qveynebis gamocdilebis

gamoyeneba.


xarjebis Semcirebis da arCevanis mravalferovnebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT

makedoniis ganaTlebis saministrom mimarTa ,,Tavisufali bazris” midgomas

direqtorebis samomavlo treningebis, an uwyveti profesiuli ganviTarebis

gansaxorcieleblad. kerZod, mocemuli inicitivebis ganxorcieleba arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis, an universitetebis funqciad ganisazRvra. slovakeTis modeliT

mTavrobis mier licenzirebuli calkeuli trening-organizacia emsaxureba

direqtorebis da sabWoebis saWiroebebs. (SesaZlebelia, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis saWiroebebis gaTvaliswineba).

2. sameurveo sabWoebis regionaluri da erovnuli masStabebis qselebis Seqmna

xangrZlivmoqmedi saWiroebebis gansazRvris da dakmayofilebis mizniT.

sxva qveynebis da maT Soris amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis gamocdilebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, skolebis sabWoebis erovnuli asociaciis Seqmna xels Seuwyobs

sabWoebs Soris Ria komunikaciis damyarebas da Semdgom profesiul ganviTarebas.

regionaluri asociaciebis Camoyalibeba da specialuri saxelmZRvaneloebis SemuSaveba

SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes sxva qveynebis modelebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

3. sameurveo sabWoebis profesiuli donis amaRlebis xelSewyoba

sasurvelia, sameurveo sabWos saqmianobis meti efeqturobis uzrunvelsayofad,

mis farglebSi Seiqmnas qvekomitetebi, romelTa Sexvedrebis ZiriTadi Tema iqneba

ganaTlebis sakiTxebi. amgvari praqtika efeqturi aRmoCnda sxva qveynebSi _ msgavsi

Sexvedrebi tardeboda sameurveo sabWoebis profesiuli cnobierebis amaRlebisa da

sakuTari funqciebis ukeTesad gaazrebis mizniT. sawyis etapze am tipis Sexvedrebi

weliwadSi samjer an oTxjer ewyoba. SemdgomSi sameurveo sabWoebi damoukideblad

gansazRvraven funqcionirebis gaumjobesebis da akreditaciis moTxovnebis

dakmayofilebis gzebs.

4. skolebis ZiriTadi sirTuleebi 2009-2011 wlebSi dagegmil akreditaciis

procesebTan iqneba dakavSirebuli

vinaidan, damoukidebeli mmarTveli organoebi jer kidev sustia, aucilebelia

kargad dagegmili intensiuri kursi, raTa skolebi gaumklavdnen akreditaciis

procedurebTan dakavSirebul sirTuleebs. saministros SeiZleba dasWirdes

specialuri gamokvlevis Catareba 2008-2009 wlisaTvis, raTa gaarkvios, realuria Tu

ara akreditaciisaTvis gansazRvruli TariRebi.

a-2.3 reformebi skolebis marTvis da finansuri SesaZleblobebis asamRleblad:

finansur SesaZleblobebisa da resursebTan dakavSirebiT ZiriTadi miRwevebia:

• vauCeruli 1 dafinansebis formulis efeqturi ganxorcieleba

vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis danergvam gadaWra didi xnis ganmavlobaSi

� ვაუჩერი – სახელმწიფოს მიერ მოსწავლისათვის გადაცემული, მიმოქცევადი ფინანსური ინსტრუმენტი, რომელიც შეიძლება გაიცეს

როგორც მატერიალიზებული, ისე არამატერიალიზებული ფორმით და რომელიც განკუთვნილია მოსწავლის მიერ ზოგადი განათლების მიღების

დასაფინანსებლად


arsebuli kritikuli problema, kerZod maswavlebelTa saxelfaso davalianeba da

Tanxebis Caricxvis dagvianeba. es axladamoqmedebuli sistemis erT-erT yvelaze

mniSvnelovani miRwevaa.

• vauCeruli dafinansebis sqemis Sedegad mniSvnelovnad gaizarda soflis

maRalkontigentiani da maRalmTiani raionebis skolebis biujeti; saSualo zomis

skolebSi am formulam mniSvnelovani finansuri zrda ar ganapiroba.

vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemam mniSvnelonad gaaumjobesa soflis da

maRalmTiani regionebis skolebis finansuri mdgomareoba, vinaidan, mocemuli

skolebis biujeti garkveulwilad gauTanabrda qalaqis skolebisas, rac Tavis mxriv,

reformis erT-erT mizans warmoadgens. qvemoT warmogidgenT monacemebs, romelsac

es daskvnebi emyareba.

• saxelfaso ganakveTis daangariSebis gamWvirvale sistema

angariSworebis axalma sistemam uzrunvelyo maswavlebelTa saxelfaso

ganakveTebis efeqturi gadaangariSeba. kvlevisas ar gamoikveTa respodentTa

ukmayofileba saxelfaso ganakveTis daangariSebis gamWirvalobasTan dakavSirebiT.

• resursebis ganTavseba skolebis Senaxvisa da reabilitaciisaTvis

kapitaluri saremonto samuSaoebis, magaliTad, saklaso oTaxebis SesakeTeblad,

xarjebis dasafarad skolebis umetesobas vauCeruli dafinanseba ar hyofnis, Tumca

miuxedavad amisa, am mimarTulebiT gasul wlebTan SedarebiT winsvla namdvilad

SeiniSneba.

• maswavleblebisaTvis premiebis daweseba maTi profesiuli unar-Cvevebis

ganviTarebis xelSewyobis mizniT, TandaTan miRebul praqtikad mkvidrdeba.

Ddireqtorebi premias waxalisebis erT-erT saukeTeso formad miiCneven. miuxedavad

imisa, rom maswavleblebi ukmayofiloebi arian dabal xelfasebiT, maTi monacvleobis

maCvenebeli dabalia.

• kritikulia moswavleebis gakveTilebze daswrebis maCvenebeli, rasac

transportirebasTan dakavSirebuli sirTuleebi ganapirobebs. es problema

gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria im skolebisaTvis, romelebisTvisac konsolidaciis

Semdeg avtobusebi ar gadauciaT. direqtorebi (aRsaniSnavia, rom ara mxolod

soflis skolebis direqtorebi) kvlavac dainteresebulebi arian konsolidaciis

procesebiT.

qvemoT warmodgenilia skolebis resursebTan da finansebTan dakavSirebuli

ZiriTadi sirTuleebi da rekomendaciebi:

• mcirekontigentiani skolebis mZime finansuri mdgomareoba

• skolebis konsolidaciis miuxedavad adamianuri resursebis marTvis mxriv

umniSvnelo progresi

mcirekontigentiani skolebis finasuri mdgomareoba kvlavac mZimea. amgvari skolebi,

gansakuTrebiT ki isini, romelTa sasargeblod mcire subsidireba xorcildeba da


konsolidaciis procesSi ar arian CarTulni, mZime finansuri problemebis winaSe

aRmoCndnen. amasTanave, am skolebisaTvis subsidiebi srulyofilad ar xorcieldeba.

sasurvelia, vauCeruli dafinansebis formulaSi gaTvaliswinebul iqnas mcire zomis

skolebis dafinansebis sakiTxi maTi saWiroebebis dasakmayofileblad. soflis

da maRalmTiani raionebis skolebi biujetis Sesavsebad gare fondebis moZiebaSi

aqtiurebi ar arian da saTanado mxardaWeras da daxmarebas saWiroeben.

skolebis konsolidaciis da optimizaciis procesebi farTo masStabebiT xasiaTdeba.

mocemuli iniciativis ganxorcielebas skolebis raodenobis mniSvnelovnad Semcireba

mohyva. agreTve, Semcirda im skolebis ricxvic, romlebic srul reabilitacias

saWiroebdnen. Sefasebisas, dadebiTi Sedegi gamovlinda konsolidaciis Sedegad

adamianuri resursebis marTvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, rac, SesaZloa, aixsnas im

faqtiT, rom skolebis didi nawili mxolod administraciulad gaerTianda, xolo

fizikurad konsolidirebuli skolebis direqtorebs ar surT, moaxdinon akademiuri

kadrebis restruqturizacia. es vrceldeba gansakuTrebiT soflis da maRalmTiani

regionebis skolebze, sadac adgilobrivi mcirericxovani Temis pirobebSi axali

kadrebis daqiravebis perspeqtiva mcirea. amasTanave, konsolidaciis dadebiTi

Sedegebi aSkaraa fizikuri resursebis efeqturobis mxriv, magaliTad, moswavle/

klasis saSualo Tanafardoba konsolidirebul skolebSi.

• zustad ar aris gansazRvruli saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis funqciebi da valdebulebebi;

• saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebSi adamianuri, fizikuri da finansuri resursebi araadeqvaturia, resurscentrebisaTvis miniWebuli avtonomia ki arasakmarisi;

• skolebis did nawils monacemTa Segrovebisa da gadacemis SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi aqvs;

Tu mocemuli erTeulebis sidides da resursebs gaviTvaliswinebT,

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs mniSvnelovani funqciebi aqvs miniWebuli. Tumca

sasurvelia, ganisazRvros prioritetebi resurs-centrebis efeqturi funqcionirebis

uzrunvelsayofad. adamianuri, fizikuri da finansuri resursebis simcire xels

uSlis centrebis efeqtur muSaobas. da bolos, centrebis muSaobas mniSvnelovnad

aferxebs dawesebuli sakanonmdeblo moTxovna, rac gulisxmobs nebarTvas Tundac

mcire sabiujeto xarjebTan dakavSirebiT. es ki reformebis demokratiuli xasiaTis

fonze ukiduresad biurokratiuli midgomaa.

skolebis umetesobas monacemTa Sekrebis da miwodebis SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi

aqvT. amis gamo izrdeba centrebis samuSao datvirTva da ganaTlebis marTvis

sainformacio sistemebs xSir SemTxvevaSi naklebad realisturi informacia

miewodebaT. gaurkvevelia, mravali sabiujeto procesisa da principis sakiTxi, rac

SesaZloa, mogvardes resurscentrebisaTvis organizebuli Semdgomi treningebis

meSveobiT.

• maswavleblebisaTvis gazrdili, magram kvlavac arasakmarisi saxelfaso ganakveTi. respodentTa azriT, klasis zomis koeficienti saxelfaso daangariSebis

formulaSi ar Seesabameba im pedagogTa samuSao datvirTvas, romelTac didi zomis

klasebTan uxdebaT muSaoba.


• konsolidaciis Sedegad warmoiSva transportirebasTan dakavSirebuli

problemebi, rac moswavleebis daswrebaze uaryofiTad aisaxeba; amasTanave, gaizarda

klasebis sidide.

a-2.4 reformebi - marTvis da finansuri SesaZleblobebis gasaumjobeseblad

rekomendaciebi resursebTan da finansebTan dakavSirebiT mdgomareobs

SemdegSi:

1. saWiroa, ganisazRvros prioritetebi saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

valdebulebebsa da funqciebs Soris. am mizniT SesaZlebelia maTTvis specialuri

seminaris organizeba. seminarze isini SeZleben SeTanxmdnen prioritetul

mimarTulebebze. mosagvarebelia, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis sakadro

gafarToebis sakiTxic.

2. saministrom meti avtonomia da moqnilobis saSualeba unda misces centrebs da

amgvarad xeli Seuwyos finansuri marTvis da adgilobrivi saWiroebebis gankargvis

alternatiul gzebis gansazRvras.

3. sasurvelia, maswavleblis saxelfaso ganakveTis daangariSebisas klasis zomis

gaTvaliswineba, rac am etapze ar xdeba.

4. unda ganisazRvros, Tu ramdenad efeqturia konsolidaciis procesi konkretul

SemTxvevebSi – magaliTad, urbanul dasaxlebebSi. kerZod, unda ganisazRvros

kriteriumi saswavlo garemosa da swavlis Sedegebze konsolidaciis procesis

zemoqmedebasTan dakavSirebiT. magaliTad, moswavle/maswavleblis da moswavle/

administraciuli erTeulis mosalodneli Tanafardoba. maRalkontigentiani

skolebis pirobebSi erT-erT midgoma aris skolebis decentralizacia erT skolaSi.

konsolidirebul skolebs, romlebsac gadasces saskolo avtobusebi, naklebi

problemebi aqvT moswavleebis daswrebasTan dakavSirebiT. (18) amitom, prioritetuli

unda gaxdes konsolidirebuli skolebisaTvis avtobusebis gadacema.

5. sasurvelia ganviTardes skolebs Soris TanamSromlobis ufro meti saSualeba

fondebis moZiebis, saproeqto winadadebebis Sedgenis, monitoringis, Sefasebis da

sxva sakiTxebSi gamocdilebis gaziarebis mizniT. SesaZlebelia, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis gamoyeneba skolebis regionaluri qselebis Camoyalibebisa da

informaciis, Tu gamocdilebis gaziarebis xelSewyobis mizniT. skolebis qselis

regionalur modelebad SesaZlebelia warmatebuli skolebis gamoyeneba.

6. vauCeris formulis daangariSebisas saministrom unda gaiTvaliswinos

mcirekontigentiani skolebisa da inkluziuri ganaTlebis saWiroebebi.

mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis saxelmwifo subsidirebis uzrunvelyofis

miuxedavad, skolebi aRniSnaven, rom mocemuli Tanxa sakmarisia mxolod saxelfaso

biujetis dasafarad. es ki amcirebs maT SesaZleblobebs gaaumjobeson sxva

operaciuli aspeqtebi. erT-erT alternatiuli variantia, vauCeruli dafinansebis

daangariSebisas kriteriumad gansazRvron skolis sidide. vinaidan konkretuli

praqtika met danaxarjebs moiTxovs, vauCeruli dafinansebis formula ufro efeqturi

iqneba, Tu ganisazRvreba inkluziuri ganaTlebis saWiroebis mqone moswavleebisaTvis

dafinasebis gansxvavebuli ganakveTi.

a-3.0 rekomendaciebi Semdgomi kvlevisaTvis

mocemul qveTavSi warmodgenilia Semdegi rekomendaciebi:


• mocemuli kvlevis Sedegebi unda gadaisinjos ori-sami wlis Semdeg;

• kvlvis Sedegebis erovnuli masStabiT ganzogadebis mizniT, msgavsi kvleva

unda Catardes konfliqtur zonebSi da eTnikuri umciresobebiT dasaxlebul

regionebSi;

• Catardes damatebiTi kvleva im monacemebis gamoyenebiT, romelic am kvlevis

farglebSi Segrovda;

• damatebiT unda Seiswavlon konsolidaciis Sedegebi, raTa gansazRvros

dainteresebuli mxareebisaTvis misaRebi konsolidaciis kriteriumebi, rac Tavis

mxiriv efeqtur Sedegs ganapirobebs;

• unda SemuSavdes maregulirebeli dokumenti maswavleblTa mier sakuTar

moswavleebis kerZod momzadebis sakiTxebze (repetitorobasTan dakavSirebuli

sakiTxebi);

• unda Catardes mSoblebis gamokiTxva aqtiur swavlebasTan, akademiuri moswrebis

problemebTan, saxelmZRvaneloebis xelmisawvdomobis, skolis administraciasTan da

akademiur personalTan komunikaciisa da TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb;

• aucilebelia treningebi gansakuTrebiT sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis;

• unda ganxorcieldes kvleva skolis marTvis saukeTeso praqtikis gansasazRvrad.

kerZod, im konkretuli skolebis SesarCevad, romelic gamocdilebis da informaciis

gaziarebis mizniT gaerTiandeba raionul/regionalur saskolo samodelo qselSi;

• gamosakvlevia mizezebi, ris gamoc maswavlebelTa umetesobisaTvis maswavleblis

saxelmZRvanelo ar aris xelmisawvdomi.

• axladSeqmnili ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis gamoyenebis

efeqturobisa da riskis Seswavla. amasTanave, ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio

sistemebidan ganaTlebis politikis aspeqtebTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetilebis

misaRebad saWiro monacemTa gansazRvra da mimdinare etapze Sekrebili informaciis

damuSaveba;

• aucilebelia skolebs Soris TanamSromlobis gasaumjobeseblad saerTaSoriso

modelebis Seswavla;

• unda Catardes kvleva axali direqtorebis saarCevno sistemasTan

dakavSirebiT;

• im faqtorebis Seswavla, romlebic mcirekontigentiani skolebis sabiujeto

problemebs ganapirobebs da vauCeruli dafinansebis formulaSi maTi uSualo

gaTvaliswineba;

• momavalSi mizanSewonilia kvlevis Catareba sagnobriv-saswavlo programebSi

cvlilebebis Sesaswavlad, saswavlo programebSi sainformacio-komunikaciis da

teqnologiebis integraciis, sertificirebis procesebis, sameurveo sabWoebis da

direqtorebis profesiuli saqmianobis efeqturobis gansasazRvrad;

• sasurvelia, skolebis xarjebsa da Semosavlebze gamWirvale monacemTa sistemis

Seqna, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos winamdebare kvlevis Sedegebis Sedareba im kvlevis

SedegebTan, romelic momavalSi Catardeba.

1.0 Sesavali da winapiroba

1.1 Sesavali


saqarTvelos mTavroba msoflio bankis mxardaWeriT axorcilebs ganaTlebis

sistemis reformas. reformis mizania iseTi Taobis aRzrda, romelic ukeTesad iqneba

momzadebuli sabazro ekonomikis da demokratiuli sazogadoebis moTxovnebis

Sesabamisad. saqarTvelos ganaTlebis da mecnierebis saministrom (saministro)

ganaTlebis sistemis reformirebis mizniT ganaxorciela proeqti ,,ilia WavWavaZe”.

mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelo sabazro ekonomikaze gadavida, aucilebeli gaxda

ganaTlebis sistemis garkveulwilad Secvla. swrafad cvalebadi sabazro

ekonomikis pirobebSi, ganaTlebis sistema daexmareba moswavles Camoyalibdes

srulyofili, inovaciuri da kritikuli azrovnebis mqone pirovnebad. ganaTlebis

reformis programa 2001 wels daiwyo da sam etapad xorcieldeba. programis

pirveli etapi iTvaliswinebda Semdegi mimarTulebebis ganxorcielebas: a)sistemis

amocanebis efeqturi reformirebisaTvis ganaTlebis politikisa da organizaciuli

struqturis Camoyalibeba; b) mocemuli amocanebis dasakmayofileblad Sesabamisi

SesaZleblobebis ganviTareba da fizikuri, finansuri da adamianuri resursebis

ufro nayofieri da efeqturi marTva.

msoflio bankis da saministros mier erToblivad ganxorcielebuli proeqti

,,ilia WavWavaZe” gabedul nabijebs dgams mzardi masStabebis reformirebis

iniciativebis gansaxorcieleblad. samomavlo saqmianobaSi Sedis saTanado

Sesworebebi saerTaSoriso gamocdilebisa da gare eqspertebis Sefasebis angariSebis

monacemebis gaTvaliswinebiT. warmodgenili Sefasebis angariSi reformis rva

ZiriTadi mimarTulebis sxvadasxva aspeqts asaxavs.

saswavlo garemo:

• maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba;

• skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba;

• axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi maswavlebelTa mosamzadebeli

treningebi;

• ,,irmis naxtomis”, sainformacio komunikaciebisa da teqnologiebis treningebi,

skolebis kompiuterebiTa da internetiT aRWurva;

• damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis miwodeba;

• saskolo qselis programa.

marTva, marTvis SesaZleblobebi da finansebi

• decentralizaciis struqtura, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

SesaZleblobebi;

• skolebis optimizacia da konsolidacia;

• axali dafinansebis da vauCeruli dafinansebis sistema;

• maswavleblebisaTvis axali saxelfaso angariSsworebis sistema.


1.2 angariSis struqtura

I nawili, romelSic reformis winapirobaa warmodgenili, moicavs or qveTavs:

saswavlo garemo da marTvisa da finansuri SesaZleblobebi. II nawilSi mocemulia

kvlevaSi gamoyenebuli meTodologia, kvlevis formati, SerCevis principi, SeniSvnebi

moZiebul monacemebze, monacemTa bazebis aRweriloba da kvlevis masStabebi.

TiToeuli nawili dayofilia Tematur punqtebad, romelic indikatorebis Sesabamis

mtkicebulebebs moicavs. mocemulia, rogorc xarisxobrivi, aseve raodenobrivi

informacia. respodentebisgan miRebuli ZiriTadi raodenobrivi informacia

ganzogadebulia erovnul doneze da warmodgenilia cxrilebis saxiT, romelic

gviCvenebs sandoobis intervals. angariSs Tan erTvis Sedegebi, romelic Sedarebulia

kategoriebis mixedviT da ganTavsebulia cxrilebSi xi-kvadratis an Ti-testis

maCveneblebiT (ixileT qveTavi 2.6). TiToeuli didi qveTavis (mag, 3.1, 3.2 da a.S)

bolos mocemulia daskvnebi. V nawili aerTianebs daskvnebis da rekomendaciebis

srul CamonaTvals da bolos, warmodgenilia rekomendaciebi damatebiTi kvlevebis

CatarebasTan dakavSirebiT.

1.3 saswavlo garemo

1.3.1 skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris direqtoris q-n. marina Jvanias

informaciiT, skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programa

SeimuSaves ucxoel konsultantebTan TanamSromlobis (1999 weli) da kvlevis

farglebSi 10 SerCeuli skolis saWiroebaTa Seswavlis safuZvelze. mocemulma

angariSma da 1999 wels Catarebulma kvlevis (Sahriari, 1999) Sedegebma cxadyo,

rom swavlis da swavlebis procesi im droisaTvis orintirebuli iyo mxolod

maswavlebelze, emyareboda swavlebis didaqtikur meTodebs da ar gulisxmobda

gakveTilis procesSi moswavlis CarTvasa da monawileobas. swavlis da swavlebis

procesi “dazepirebas” da “gameorebas” gulisxmobda da ver aviTarebda analizis,

kritikuli azrovnebisa da problemebis gadaWris unar_Cvevebs. skolis bazaze

profesiuli ganviTarebis programa ZiriTadad miznad isaxavda efeqturi swavlis

da swavlebis garemos, monitoringisa da Sefasebis, klasis marTvis SesaZleblobebis

ganviTarebas. 2003-2005 wlebisaTvis SerCeuli modeli iTavaliswinebda asi

kvalificiuri eqspertis mier TiToeul skolaSi TveSi orjer xuTi (2004-05 wlebSi)

an aTi-TxuTmeti (2003-04 wlebSi) sxvadasxva sagnis maswavlebelTa treningebis

Catarebas.

treningebze warmoadgendnen aqtiuri swavlebis praqtikis modelirebas. TiToeuli

sesiis msvlelobisas maswavleblebs aZlevdnen specialur praqtikul davalebasa

da masalas saklaso oTaxSi gamosayeneblad. SemdgomSi maswavleblebi unda

daxmarebodnen sxva pedagogebs Seswavlili meTodikis praqtikul gamoyenebaSi Ria

gakveTilebze daswrebis da masalebis gaziarebis gziT. sxvadasxva disciplinebis

maswavleblebs arCevdnen skolis direqtorebi. centris warmomadgenelTa azriT,

SerCevis meqanizmi ar aRmoCnda sakmarisad daxvewili da garkeul SemTxvevebSi

profesiul treningebSi yvela sagnis maswavleblis CarTva ver moxerxda.

treningebis cikli sxvadasxva skolebSi paralelurad mimdinareobda, rac

emsaxureboda maswavleblebis profesiuli donis amaRlebas da skolebs Soris


TanamSromlobis Camoyalibebas. profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi sul 1800

skolis maswavlebeli monawileobda.

treningebi sxvadasxva sakiTxs moicavda. magaliTad, Teoriebi swavlis da

swavlebis Sesaxeb, klasis marTva, efeqturi saklaso oTaxis garemos Seqmna, monitoringi

da Sefaseba, masalebi da resursebi aqtiuri swavlisaTvis, klasgareSe resursebi da

saklaso vizitebi, dagegmva da a.S.

aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom zustad ar gansazRvrula maswavlebelTa im nawilis

gadamzadebis meqanizmi, romlebic treiningebSi ar iyvnen CarTulni. centris

warmomadgenlebis azriT, mocemulma struqturam garkveuli problemebi Seuqmna

treningebSi CarTul maswavleblebs, vinaidan, ar gansazRvrula arc anazRaureba da

arc dro maT mier skolis bazaze sxva pedagogebisaTvis informaciis gasaziareblad.

miuxedavad amisa, proeqtis farglebSi yovelwliurad tardeba regionaluri

konferencia. profesiuli ganviTarebis ciklSi CarTul maswavlebelebs SeuZliaT

miRebuli gamocdileba da warmatebuli praqtikis magaliTebi gauziaron proeqtis

monawile Tu sxva maswavleblebs. treningebis Semdeg, yvela monawile skolam miiRo

treningebisas gamoyenebuli masalebis aslebi. direqtorebs treningebSi monawileoba

ar moeTxovebodaT.

1.3.2 saskolo qseli

saskolo qselis programa, rogorc skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis

programis nawili, SemuSavda da ganxorcielda skolebs Soris TanamSromlobis

da informaciis gaziarebis xelSewyobis mizniT. iniciativis ganxorcielebisas

gaiTvaliswines, rom sabWoTa periodSi da damoukideblobis pirvel etapze

saSualo skolebi erTmaneTisgan sruliad izolirebulni iyvnen. skolebi, romelmac

warmatebulad miiRes monawileoba saskolo grantebis programis pirvel etapSi,

CaerTvnen skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis ciklsa da saskolo qselis

programaSi. iniciativis mizani iyo skolaSi da skolebs Soris maswavlebelebis

profesiuli ganviTarebis xelSewyoba. kerZod, SerCeuli ori skolis warmomadgenlebs

unda ganesazRvraT swavlis da swavlebis procesTan dakavSirebuli problemebi.

amis Semdeg, skolebis qselis warmomadgenlebi TanamSromlobdnen arsebuli

problemis gadaWris gzebis da Sesabamisi samoqmedo gegmis gansasazRvrad. skolebi

damoukideblad adgendnen Sexvedrebis sixSires.

programis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgenda komunikaciis da informaciis

gaziarebis mizniT, saskolo qselSi rac SeiZleba meti maswavleblis CarTva.

programa grZeldeboda erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. programis ganxorcielebis vadebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, sawyis etapze CarTuli skolebis ricxvi ar gazrdila; amasTanave,

ar SemuSavebula samomavlo saqmianobis gegma. miuxedavad amisa, mimdinare etapze

arsebobs zogierTi skolis mocemuli formatiT TanamSromlobis konkretuli

magaliTebi.

saskolo grantebis programa maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

programis nawils warmoadgenda da miznad isaxavda skolaSi swavlis da swavlebis

procesis xelSewyobas. konkursSi gamarjvebul skolas gadaecemoda granti swavlis

da swavlebis procesis da saskolo garemos gasaumjobeseblad. maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis centrma gaiTvaliswina, rom skolebs saproeqto

winadadebebis ganviTarebaSi daxmareba esaWiroebodaT. sagranto programis pirvel

etapze konkursSi gamarjvebulma 210 skolam moipova granti 1000 aSS dolaris

odenobiT; xolo programis meore etapze damatebiT 213 skolam miiRo grantebi


3000 aSS dolaris odenobiT. grantis saSualebiT skolas SeeZlo gaeumjobesebina

swavlis da swavlebisaTvis saWiro masalebis xarisxi. centris warmomadgenlebis

azriT, skolebis sagranto programis da maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebis Semdeg proeqtSi CarTulma skolebma da maswavleblebma kargad gaiazres

skolis ganviTarebis, swavlis da swavlebis xarisxis amaRlebis mniSvneloba. Sefasebis

mocemul angariSSi ar aris detaluri informacia saskolo grantebis programis

Sesaxeb, vinaidan msoflio bankma damoukideblad Caatara programis siRrmiseuli

kvleva.

1.3.3 axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi ganxorcielebuli treningebi

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebis Semdeg treningebi axal

saswavlo programebTan dakavSirebiT Catarda. am etapze, maswavlebelebs ukve aqvT

SesaZleblobebi da unar-Cvevebi, gamomuSavebuli profesiuli ganviTarebis ciklis

Semdeg. es treningebi met informacias aZlevs maswavlebels swavlis Teoriebis,

Sefasebis, calkeuli sagnobrivi standartebis, moswavleTa portfolioebis da

Sedegze orientirebuli swavlisa da swavlebis procesebis Sesaxeb.

treningisaTvis SerCeuli modeli maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebis formatis msgavsia, mcireodeni gansxvavebebiT. treningebis formatis

mixedviT ganisazRvra sapilote da arasapilote skolebi. 100 sapilote skolidan 51

monawileobda maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi, yovelwliurad

xuTi sxvadasxva sagnis ZiriTadi maswavlebeli CaerTo treningebis ciklSi. 2005-2006

wlebSi treningebi iTvaliswinebda I, VII da X klasis maswavleblebis momzadebas

axal saswavlo gegmaSi. Semdgomi wlebis treningTa cikli SemuSavda momdevno

oTxi asakobrivi jgufisaTvis. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis

analogiurad, skolebs unda ganesazRvraT SedarebiT SemoqmedebiTi da siaxleebis

Sesaswavlad motivirebuli maswavleblebi. monawileebs mxolod dRiur samivlinebo

da satransporto xarjebis unazRaurebdnen.

gasul wels sapilote treningebi oTxi moduliT ganxorcielda:

a) axali saswavlo gegmis standartebi sagnobrivi disciplinebis mixedviT

(fokusirebuli TiToeul saganze);

b) Sefasebis axali sistema;

g) saklaso proeqtebi;

c) praqtikuli gamoyeneba.

treningebSi monawileebs daurigdaT specialuri saxelmZRvaneloebi, xolo

Sesabamisma skolebma miiRes oTxi damatebiTi saxelmZRvanelo. programis CarCos

mixedviT, monawile maswavleblebs skolaSi sxva akademiuri kadrebisaTvis sakuTari

praqtika da miRebuli gamocdileba unda gaeziarebinaT. informaciis gaziarebis

sxvadasxva iniciativebi ganxorcielda skolebs Sorisac. trening programa

iTvaliswinebda erTi seminaris Catarebas TveSi (SabaT-kviras) sxvadasxva monawile

skolebisaTvis saqarTvelos 70 raionidan. mocemuli seminarebi eZRvneboda skolebis

mier miRebuli gamocdilebis da arsebuli problemebis gaziarebas. yovelTviuri

seminarebi ZiriTadad sapilote skolebisaTvis iyo organizebuli, magram arasa-

pilote skolebis maswavleblebs, survilisamebr SeeZloT monawileobis miReba.

Cveni azriT, sapilote skolis arsi isaa, rom axal saswavlo gegmaSi cvlilebebis


Sesatanad rekomendaciebis saSualebas gvaZlevs, rac momdevno wels programis sxva

skolebSi warmatebulad danergvas ganapirobebs.

arasapilote skolebi treningebis gansxvavebul modelSi arian CarTulni.

proeqtis farglebSi yvela maswavlebels SeuZlia treningebSi monawileoba TveSi

erTxel (gamonaklisi, dekemberi da ianvari), magram Catarebuli sesiebi ar aris

sapilote wels Catarebulis sesiis msgavsi; monawileebs ar miewodebaT sruli

masala, aramed mxolod xuTi-eqvs gverdiani samuSao masala ZiriTadi saqmianobis

amsaxveli. erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centris koordinatoris q-n.

nana dalaqiSvilis informaciiT, arasapilote skolebis maswavleblebis 20% eswreba

am sesiebs. Sefasebis jgufs ara gaaCnia sxva qveynebSi msgavsi formatis treningebis

gamocdilebis magaliTi, magram zogadad cnobilia, rom ufaso, araanazRaurebadi

treningebi monawileobis dabali maCvenebliT xasiaTdeba.

mocemul angariSSi warmodgenilia sapilote da arasapilote skolebis jgufebis

analizi. kvlevis ZiriTad mizans ar warmoadgenda imis Seswavla, Tu ramdenad farTo

da Rrma iyo treningebi sapilote Tu arasapilote skolebSi, aramed imis garkveva,

Tu ra zegavlena hqonda treningebs orive SemTxvevaSi.

centris warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven, rom gegmaven 2013 wlis maswavlebelTa

licenzirebis procesisaTvis aucilebel moTxovnad CarTon profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi monawileoba, rac garkeulwilad, gazrdis treningebSi

monawile maswavleblebis raodenobas. es kargi motivaciaa da xels Seuwyobs

treningebis gavlenisa da masStabebis gazrdas, miTumetes Tu centri treningis

organizaciebis akreditaciasac moiTxovs. amasTanave, centri gegmavs xeli Seuwyos

skolebs Soris TanamSromlobis ganviTarebas, aniWebs ra sakredito qulebs im

skolebis, romlebic saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis daxmarebiT am iniciativaSi

miiReben monawileobas. Sefasebis jgufis azriT, akreditaciisaTvis moTxovnebis

Camoyalibeba garkveulwilad erTjeradi iniciativaa da mizanSewonilia mxareebis

meti daintereseba.

1.3.4 damxmare saswavlo masalebis gamofena

gaiTvaliswines ra skolebSi damxmare saswavlo masalebis xelmisawvdomobis

simcire, ganaTlebis programis farglebSi moewyo saswavlo masalebis gamofena.

problemis gadaWris mizniT 2003 da 2004 wlebSi Catarda damatebiTi saswavlo

masalebis ori gamofena. gamofenis ZiriTad mizans skolebis im damatebiTi

saswavlo masalebiT aRWurva warmoadgenda, romelic daexmareboda skolas aqtiuri

swavlebis procesis ganxorcielebaSi. specialurma komisiam gansazRvra sagnobrivi

disciplinebis mixedviT saWiro masalebi, romelic xels Seuwyobda axali meTodebis

danergvas da daakmayofilebda xangrZlivi moxmarebis moTxovnebs. Sesabamisi

masalebis katalogebi daurigda yvela skolas. skolis warmomadgenlebs SeeZloT

daswrebodnen gamofenebs. gamofenebis meore etapisaTvis, TiToeuli skolisaTvis

gamohyves specialuri biujeti - 200 aSS dolari da damatebiT 2 aSS dolari

moswavleze. gamofenebis pirvel etapze Sedgenili nusxa mxolod dabeWdili

masalebiT Semoifargleboda. meore gamofenisas gaTvaliswinebul iqna masalebi

yvela savaldebulo sagnis swavlebisaTvis. magaliTad, plakatebi, audio-video

kasetebi, laboratoriuli aRWurviloba, mikroskopebi, sagnobrivi TvalsaCinoebebi,

aRWurviloba sportuli darbazebisaTvis da sxva. skolis warmomadgenlebi daeswrnen

gamofenebs da waradgines SerCeuli masalebis nusxebi. SekveTa da miwodeba Seferxda

71 ucxoeli momwodeblis mizeziT _ SekveTili masalis simciris gamo inventaris


saqarTveloSi transportireba SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda.

umetesad, SerCeuli masala, maTi dabali Rirebulebidan gamomdinare, iyo

plakatebi, wignebi, saganmanaTleblo TamaSebi da rukebi. SedarebiT naklebad Tumca

didi raodenobiT (10 000-ze meti) irCevdnen sportuli aRWurvilobas, Tematur

portfolioebs, laboratoriis aRWurvilobas, leqsikonebs, TvalsaCinoebebs,

saRebavebsa da xelsawyoebs.

1.3.5 proeqt `irmis naxtomis~ trening-programa

programis warmomadgenlebis informaciiT, ,,irmis naxtomis’’ farglebSi

ganxorcielebuli treningebi sawyis etapzea. programa sam etapad ganxorcieldeba.

pirveli etapi iTvaliswinebs sabaziso kompiuteruli unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas

da sul 24 saaTs moicavs. igulisxmeba kompiuteris moxmarebis sawyisi unar-

Cvevebis Camoyalibebas _ kompiuteris CarTva da gamoyeneba, failebis gadagzavna,

ZiriTadi programebis gamoyeneba, internetSi informaciis moZieba. treningebis

done damokidebulia monawile jgufebis SesaZleblobebze da icvleba treiningis

dinamikis mixedviT, rac Tavis mxriv fasilitaciis karg unars saWiroebs. programis

mizania maswavleblebis 70%-is treningebSi CarTva.

treningebis meore etapi daiwyeba seqtembridan. ZiriTadi mizania trenigebSi

CarTuli maswavleblebis 10%-is mier sainformacio komunikaciebis da teqnologiebis

swavlebis kursSi da skolis saswavlo programaSi CarTvis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba.

treningebis meore etapi 40 saaTs moicavs, TiTo sesia grZeldeba or saaTis

ganmavlobaSi da tardeba or dReSi erTxel. trening kursi Sedgenilia amerikuli

,,In Tech” meTodologiis mixedviT, rac gulisxmobs sainformacio komunikaciebis

da teqnologiebis saswavlo programaSi integracias. mesame etapi miznad isaxavs

samagisitro programis SemuSavebas, romlisTvisac ,,irmis naxtomi” uzrunvelyofs

teqnikur mxardaWeras da konsultaciebs, magram ara treningebs.

,,irmis naxtomi” amzadebs trening-programas skolebis axali direqtorebisaTvis

skolis administrirebis procesebSi kompiuteris gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. treningebi

moicavs 24 saaTs erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi. trening-programaSi monawile direqtorebis

done Sefasdeba seminarebis dawyebamde, raTa SesaZlebeli gaxdes programaSi

Sesabamisi Sesworebebis Setana.

mocemul etapamde ganxorcielebul treningebSi winaswar ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli

monawile maswavleblebis teqnikuri unar_Cvevebi. mowodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad,

treningebi ZiriTadad qalaqis skolebSi Catarda. amitom, soflis da mTiani raionebis

skolebis Sefasebis Sedegebi, SegviZlia gamoviyenoT sabaziso kvlevad ,,irmis

naxtomis’’ farglebSi.

,,irmis naxtomis’’ programa sxva treningebis msgavsi problemebis winaSe aRmoCnda.

kerZod, trenigebis monawileTa SerCeva am SemTxvevaSic direqtorebma ganaxorcieles.

amgvarad SerCeuli maswavlebeli SeiZleba sulac ar iyos sakmarisad motivirebuli,

vinaidan direqtorebi sxvadasxva principiT arCeven maT. trening-programa iyenebs

adgilobriv mwvrTnelebs umetes qalaqebSi da mobilur mwvrTnelebs im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu adgilobrivi kadri xelmisawvdomi ar aris.

1.3.6 skolebis biblioTekebis aRWurvis programa

miuxedavad imisa, rom skolebis umetesobas aqvs biblioTekebi, reformis proeqtis

warmomadgenlebis azriT, biblioTekebSi arsebuli masala aqtiuri swavlebis


procesisaTvis moZvelebuli da Seuferebelia. am problemis mosagvareblad daiwyo

biblioTekebis wignebiT momarageba. programis farglebSi wignebi gadaeca soflis

skolebs. programis sawyis etapze 600 skola momaragda resursebiT. dagegmilia

procesSi soflis axali skolebis CarTva. specialurma komisiam gansazRvra

kriteriumi biblioTekis masalebis SesarCevad dabeWdvis TariRis, xarisxis,

saganmanaTleblo Rirebulebisa da fasis gaTvaliswinebiT.

1.4 marTva da finansebi

1.4.1 decentralizacia da marTva

2003 wlis Semdeg, drois sakmaod mokle monakveTSi, zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolis

dafinansebis da marTvis sistemam Zireuli cvlilebebi ganicada. ganaTlebis sistemis

reformam sruliad Secvala dafinansebis da marTvis formebi. am sakiTxebis detaluri

analizi qvemoT aris warmodgenili. ganxorcielda ganaTlebis sistemis marTvis

struqturis decentralizacia, Camoyalibda sameurveo sabWoebi da saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebi, dainerga vauCeruli dafinasebis formula, gaizarda maswavlebelTa

saxelfaso ganakveTi da Seicvala daangariSebis formula.

yvela skolas (dawyebiTi, sabazo da saSualo safexurebi) mieniWa iuridiuli

piris statusi da avtonomiur erTeulebad gadaiqca. mimdinare etapze sajaro

skolebi saministros pirdapiri dafinansebis qveS imyofeba. maT aqvT gadawyvetilebis

damoukideblad miRebis ufleba. gauqmda adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobebis mier

skolebisaTvis biujetis damtkicebis da ganTavsebis uflebamosileba. weliwadSi

orjer ganaTlebis da mecnierebis saministrodan skolebs sabanko angariSze ericxebaT

erTiani Tanxa vauCeruli dafinansebis formuliT. sabanko gadaricxvebze gadasvlam

procesi ufro gamWvirvale da swrafi gaxada. yvelaze mniSvnelovani isaa, rom skolebi

damoukideblad gankargaven sabiujeto xarjebs, saWiroebaTa Seswavlis da prioritetebis

gaTvaliswinebiT. skolas ufleba aqvs Semosavlebis gazrdis mizniT moiZios fondebi,

Semowirulobebi, CaerTos komerciuli saqmianobaSi. ar arsebobs araviTari SezRudva,

Tu es uaryofiTad ar aisaxeba moswavleebze da Semosavlebi skolis sakeTildReod

aris mimarTuli. (kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, muxli 51).

decentralizaciis iniciativis erT-erT mizania, skolis marTvasa da saswavlo

garemoSi aqtiurad CarTos adgilobrivi Temi. sameurveo sabWoebis Camoyalibeba,

romelic Sedgeba maswavleblebis, mSoblebisa da moswavleebisagan (zogierT

SemTxvevaSi adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis warmomadgenlic) mniSvnelovani nabijia

zemoTaRniSnuli miznis misaRwevad. sameurveo sabWo, warmoadgens ra umaRles

administraciul erTeuls skolis doneze, pasuxismgebelia skolis biujetis,

yovelwliuri gegmebis, Sinaganawesis, skolis saswavlo programebis SemuSavebaze,

zedamxedvelobs maswavlebelTa sabWoebis mier saxelmZRaneloebis SerCevasa da

damtkicebas. sabWo uflebamosilia, ganaxorcielos skolis administraciis mier

saskolo biujetis gankargvis monitoringi da kontroli.

meore mniSvnelovani iniciativa skolebis decentralizaciis procesSi aris

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis Camoyalibeba. isini Caenacvlen adre arsebul

ganaTlebis raionul centrebs. saganmanaTleblo resurscentri warmoadgens Sualedur

rgols skolebis saqmianobis gaziarebis, administraciuli informaciis miwodebis,

marTvisa da maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis iniciativebis organizebisa

da xelSewyobisaTvis; resurcentri uzrunvelyofs statistikuri informaciis

Segrovebas ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemis deparatamentisaTvis.


1.4.2 vauCeruli dafinansebis formula

Zireuli cvlilebebi ganxorcielda sajaro skolebis safinanso sistemaSi. 2005

wlis 1 oqtombers vauCeruli modelis danergvis Semdeg, skola dafinasebas TiToeul

moswavleze iRebs. am cvlilebis mizani sxvadasxva kategoriis skolebisaTvis biujetis

gansazRvraSi samarTlianobis da Tanasworobis dacva iyo. amgvarad izrdeba skolis

daintereseba SeimuSavos mravalferovani da xarisxiani saganmanaTleblo programebi

moswavleebis mosazidad. mimdinare etapze vauCeruli dafinansebis formula mxolod

erT martiv kriteriums efuZneba _ skolebis geografiul ganTavsebas. qalaqis

skolebi vauCeruli dafinasebis yvelaze dabal ganakveTs iReben, soflis skolebi,

saSualo da maRalmTiani raionebis skolebi ki yvelaze maRals. mocemuli saxis

diferenciacia miznobrivad ganxorcielda, sxvadasxva geografiul arealSi mdebare

skolebs Soris Tanabari da dabalansebuli mdgomareobis SesanarCuneblad. vinaidan,

vauCeruli dafinasebis formula ar iTvaliswinebs skolebis kontigentis sidides,

dabalkontigentiani skolebi seriozuli finansuri problemebis winaSe aRmoCndnen da

mizanSewonilia, damatebiTi subsidiis gansazRvra vauCeruli dafinasebis formulis

Sesavsebad.

1.4.3 maswavlebelTa saxelfaso angariSworebis axali sqema

vauCeruli dafinansebis formulis ganxorcielebis paralelurad saministrom

SeimuSava maswavlebelTa saxelfaso ganakveTis daangariSebis axali formula, ris

Sedegadac ganxorcielda xelfasebis ganakveTis mniSvnelovani, saSualod orjer,

zrda. minimaluri saxelfaso ganakveTi gauTanabrda saxelmwifo moxelis minimaluri

xelfasis odenobas. axali formula sam koeficients efuZneba: profesiuli gamocdileba,

kvalifikacia, klasebis sidide. formula gamoiyeneba minimaluri saxelfaso ganakveTis

daangariSebisaTvis TiToeuli maswavleblisaTvis da Sesabamisad yvela skola

valdebulia daakmayofilos arsebuli moTxovna. mocemuli minimaluri ganakveTis

zemoT skolas ufleba aqvs gansazRvros angariSsworebis SedarebiT maRali zRvari,

an premiebi sakuTari finansuri mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT.

1.4.4 optimizacia

skolebis optimizacia anu konsolidacia ganxorcielda zogadi ganaTlebis

sistemaSi adamianuri, fizikuri da finansuri resursebis efeqturobis gazrdis

mizniT. procesi moicavda or etaps: pirveli rigSi gaiTvaliswines soflis an

mcirekontigentiani skolebi; meore etapze ki Seecadnen skolebis dainteresebas,

raTa isini CarTuliyvnen optimizaciis procesebSi. konsolidaciisaTvis Semdegi

kriteriumebi iqna gaTvaliswinebuli: skolis kapitali, maswavlebeli-moswavlis

Tanafardoba da manZili skolebs Soris. rogorc Sefasebis jgufisTvis aris

cnobili, ar gansazRvrula konkretuli samizne skolebi da raionebi.

or etapad ganxorcielebuli optimizaciis Sedegad skolebis raodenoba

daaxloebiT 1000-iT Semcirda da Seadgina 2300. ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi

mosaxleobis mzardma demografiulma gadaadgilebam skolebis Senoba-nagebobebis

Seuferebeli gamoyeneba ganapiroba. kerZod, skolebis Senoba-nagebobebi moswavleebis

gacilebiT maRal kontigentze iyo gansazRvruli, rac optimizaciis erT-erT

ganmsazRvrel faqtors warmoadgenda. zog SemTxvevaSi, sadac fizikurma konsolidaciam


transportirebis problemebi ganapiroba, saministrom skolebs gadasca saskolo

avtobusebi, romlebic usasyidlod uzrunvelyofen moswavleebis transportirebas.

mocemul etapze, administraciuli optimizacia, romlis farglebSic skolebi

SeinarCuneben arsebul Senobas, magram erTi skolis mmarTvelobiTi organos

administrirebis qveS eqcevian, optimizaciis yvelaze farTod miRebul meTods

warmoadgens.

.


2.0 kvlevis formati da struqtura

2.1 Seswavlili sakiTxebi

teqnikur davalebaSi warmodgenili Sefasebis kiTxvebis siRrmisa da raodenobis

saTanado SefasebisaTvis didi dro iyo saWiro. detalurad unda ganxiluliyo

Sefasebis kiTxvebi da indikatorebi, unda SemuSavebuliyo kvlevis instrumentebi

da momxdariyo maTi pilotireba, Catarebuliyo savele samuSaoebi da bolos,

momzadebuliyo srulyofili angariSi, rogorc, Cveulebriv, kvlevisas xdeba. vinaidan,

saswavlo weli mTavrdeboda da TviT reformis proeqtis vada iwureboda, kvlevis

gansaxorcieleblad mxolod ori Tve ganisazRvra.

amis gaTvaliswinebiT, Sefasebis jgufma muSaobis dawyebamde detalurad

ganixila Semdegi sakiTxebi: 1) reformiT gaTvaliswinebuli saqmianobis siRrme; 2)

kvlevis masStabebi da respodentebis tipebi monacemTa Semdgomi ganzogadebisaTvis;

3) monacemTa moculoba da mravalferovneba reformis programis sxvadasxva

saqmianobasTan mimarTebaSi. sakonsultacio jgufma ganixila sxvadasxva

principi da meTodologia. drois simciris gamo, Sefasebis jgufma SeaTanxma is

ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi, romlebsac Seiswavlidnen da Sedegebs SeZlebisdagvarad

ganazogadebdnen. kvleva ori ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT warimarTa:

saswavlo garemo:

• maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba;

• skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba;

• axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi maswvlebelTa treningebi;

• proeqti ,,irmis naxtomi” da treningebi sainformacio komunikaciebsa

da teqnologiebSi, kompiuterebiTa da internetiT aRWurva;

• damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis miwodeba;

• saskolo qselis programa.

marTva, marTvis SesaZleblobebi da finansebi

• decentralizaciis struqtura, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis SesaZleblobebi;

• skolebis optimizacia da konsolidacia;

• axali dafinansebis da vauCeruli dafinansebis sistema;

• maswavleblebisaTvis axali saxelfaso angariSsworebis sistema.

SemuSavda 200 axali indikatori mocemuli rva sakiTxis Sesaswavlad. Tumca,

winamdebare angariSi Tematurad aris agebuli, da ara indikatorebis mixedviT.

amasTanave, zogierT indikators misi aqtualurobidan gamomdinare meti yuradReba

eqceva.

2.2 kvlevis meTodologia

Catarda SedarebiTi analizi sawyisi kvlevebis angariSebSi mocemuli reformamdel


periodis pirobebTan SedarebiT. rig SemTxvevebSi reformis procesi mxolod sawyis

an adreul etapzea. amitom, mocemuli SemTxvevebis gaTvaliswinebiT, kvleva Seafasebs

reformis procesebis gavlenas an warmoadgens sabaziso kvlevas, rac samomavlod

ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebis SedarebiT analizis saSualebas iZleva.

proeqtis sakoordinacio centrTan SeTanxmebiT ganisazRvra monacemTa Segrovebis

saSualebebi:

a. xelmisawvdom monacemTa wyaroebis da sawyisi kvlevebis masalebis moZieba;

b. interviuebi ZiriTad CarTul mxareebTan;

g. fokus-jgufebis organizeba 15 raionis saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebTan.

fokus-jgufebTan SexvedrebSi monawileoba miiRes 14 raionis resurscentrebis

xelmZRvanelebma: baTumi, borjomi, aspinZa, adigeni, isan-samgori, mTawminda-krwanisi,

siRnaRi, axmeta, marneuli, mcxeTa. fokus-jgufebTan Sexvedrebze ganixiles Semdegi

sakiTxebi: resurscentrebSi arsebuli adamianuri da finasuri resursebi, teqnikuri

aRWurviloba, skolebis axali saxelmZRvaneloebiT momaragebis sakiTxebi, centrebis

mxardaWera/daxmareba skolebis marTvasa da sameurveo sabWoebis funqcionirebaSi,

resurscentrebis axali struqturis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi, arsebuli

problemebi da a.S. (ixileT, danarTi fokus-jgufebis detaluri informaciisaTvis).

a) siRrmiseuli konteqsuri kvleva

b) interviuebi skolis direqtorebTan

Catarda 15 skolis direqtorebis gamokiTxva Tbilisis, samegrelos da kaxeTis

regionebidan. respodentebisaTvis dasmuli SekiTxvebi ZiriTadad axali direqtorebis

da sameurveo sabWoebis funqciebsa da valdebulebebs, finasur sakiTxebs, treningebs,

konsolidaciis process, axali saswavlo programebis ganxorcielebasa da damatebiT

saswavlo masalebs exeboda.

g) maswavleblebis fokus jgufebi

Catarda 12 fokus-jgufi maswavleblebTan. aTi skola SeirCa samegrelos

da kaxeTis regionebidan, Tbilisidan ki _ 2. fokus-jgufebis ganxilvis sagans

warmoadgenda maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebi, Semdgomi

profesiuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebi da saWiroebebi, resurscentrebis

mxardaWera, maswavleblebis mier saxelmwifo ganaTlebis miznebis codna, swavlis

Sedegebi, maswavleblebis monawileoba skolis marTvaSi, saswavlo programebi da

sxva.

fokusjgufebi ramdenime skolis sameurveo sabWosTan qalaqis da soflis skolebSi skolis direqtrebis dauswreblad

moewyo fokusjgufi Svid sameurveo sabWosTan, direqtorebis dauswreblad.

ganixiles maTi funqciebi da valdebulebebi, saskolo cxovrebaSi CarTva,

gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi monawileoba, Sexvedrebis sixSire, skolis direqtorebTan


komunikaciis saSualebebi da gzebi da sxva. skolis direqtorebis gareSe fokus

jgufebTan Sexvedram xeli Seuwyo sameurveo sabWoebTan Ria dialogis warmarTvas.

a) kiTxvarebi direqtorebisa da skolis administratorebisaTvis

kiTxvarebis saSualebiT SesaZlebeli gaxda reformis sxvadasxva iniciativebis

Sesaxeb skolis direqtorebis mosazrebis gacnoba da faqtobrivi informaciis

mokreba. kiTxvari Ria da daxurul SekiTxvebs Seicavda. gacemuli pasuxebis mixedviT,

Sefasebis jgufi Tvlis, rom SekiTxvebi direqtorebisaTvis naTlad da gasagebad iyo

formulirebuli. im SemTxvevaSi Tu kiTxvari srulad ar iyo Sevsebuli, informaciis

srulyofis mizniT Sefasebis jgufi ukavSirdeboda Sesabamis direqtors.

b) kiTxvarebi maswavleblebisaTvis

kiTxvarebi maswavleblebisaTvis gaigzavna yvela SerCeul skolaSi. kiTxvebi ise

iyo formulirebuli, rom maswavleblebs SesZlebodaT sakuTari damokidebuleba

gamoexataT axali saswavlo gegmis, saxelmZRvaneloebis, maswavleblis

saxelmZRvanelos, Sefasebis sistemis, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis da

axali saswavlo gegmis treningebTan dakavSirebiT. zogierTi SekiTxva exeboda

konkretulad im problemas, romlis mogvarebac maswavlebels sakuTar praqtikaSi

uxdeboda, da bolos, kiTxvarebis saSualebiT SevagroveT monacemebi iseT iniciativebze,

rogoricaa skolebis kompiuterizaciis programa, maswavlebelTa damokidebuleba

decentralizaciis procesis da misi Sedegebis mimarT, sameurveo sabWoebis da

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis rolis da funqciebis gacnobiereba.

kiTxvari moicavs SekiTxvebs ZiriTadad oTxi alternatiuli pasuxiT. amgvari

specifika uzrunvelyofs pasuxebis met sandoobasa da siswores. kiTxvari moicavda

ganxorcielebuli intervenciebis farTo speqtrs. igi or nawilad iyo gayofili,

respodents TiToeuli kiTxvaris Sesavsebad mxolod 30 wuTi hqonda. ramac miRebuli

pasuxebis meti sandooba da kiTxvaris SedarebiT srulad Sevseba ganapiroba.

8) vizitebi skolis fizikuri garemos Sefasebis mizniT

SerCeul damkvirveblebs CautardaT specialuri treningi, raTa maT SemuSavebuli

dakvirvebis formiT SeefasebinaT skolebis fizikuri garemo.

9) xanmokle dakvirveba saklaso oTaxis garemoze

Sefasebisas ver ganxorcielda saklaso oTaxis garemoze siRrmiseuli dakvirveba,

vinaidan kvlevisaTvis gansazRvruli mcire dro ar iZleoda damkvirvebelTa

saTanadod momzadebis saSualebas. amasTanave, xSir SemTxvevaSi, am tipis

dakvirvebisas, maswavleblebi saCvenebel gakveTils atareben damkvirveblisaTvis. es

ki realuri suraTis ar asaxavs. miuxedavad amisa, monacemTa Semgroveblebma yvela

SerCeuli skolis 5-6 klasSi Caatares 15 wuTiani dakvirveba. dakvirvebis mizani

iyo saklaso praqtikis dinamikis, swavlis da swavlebis procesSi moswavleebisa

da maswavleblis CarTvis, saxelmZRvaneloebis da damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis

xelmisawvdomobis Sefaseba. damkvirveblebisaTvis momzadda specialuri formebi,

romlis saSualebiT aqtiuri Tu pasiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb

zogadi informacias miviRebdiT.


2.3 SerCeva

kvlevisas gamoyenebuli iyo kiTxvarebi, skolasa da saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis

formebi da sxvadasxva doneebze kategoriebad dajgufebis principebi. amgvari

kvleva miRebuli Sedegebis ganzogadebis saSualebas iZleva, konfliqtur zonebis

da eTnikuri umciresobebis regionebis gamoklebiT. monacemebi dajgufebulia

raionebis mixedviT, vinaidan ase ufro met skolaSi iyo SesaZlebeli dakvirvebis

ganxorcieleba. raionebi da skolebi SeirCa SemTxveviTi SerCevis gziT. SerCevis sami

etapi detalurad aris warmodgenili meTodologiur danarTSi. SerCevis pirveli

etapi warmoadgens raionebis SemTxveviTi SerCevis models farTo geografiuli

arealis dafarvis mizniT. meore etapi gulisxmobs skolebis SemTxveviT SerCevas

raionis farglebSi. mesame ki maswavleblebis da klasebis SemTxveviT SerCevas

skolebSi. am principiT SevarCieT 110 skola.

2.4 ganxiluli kategoriebi, indeqsebis SemuSaveba da komentarebi kiTxvarebze

Sefasebis jgufi Seecada Seefasebina iseTi rTuli sakiTxebi, rogoricaa axali

meTodebisadmi damokidebuleba da axali meTodebis gamoyeneba. am mizniT kiTxvarebi

Sedgeba SekiTxvebisa da alternatiuli pasuxebisagan. magaliTad, maswavleblis

kiTxvarSi 1. warmodgenilia eqvsi SekiTxva aqtiuri swavlebis mimarT maswavlebelTa

damokidebulebis Sesaswavlad. TiToeul SekiTxvas oTxi alternatiuli pasuxi aqvs.

TiToeuli Sefasda axal meTodebTan maTi Sesabamisobis safuZvelze 0-3 quliT.

saSualo qulobrivi maCveneblis gamosaTvlelad qulebi Sejamda TiToeuli

maswavleblisaTvis da gaiyo SekiTxvebis raodenobaze. amgvarad ganisazRvra

maswavleblebis mier swavlis da swavlebis axali meTodebis da Sefasebis formebis

gamoyenebis sixSire.

konkretul SekiTxvaze Sedarebebi da analizis Sedegebi warmodgenilia

cxrilebSi. monacemTa analizi ar Catarebula genderuli niSniT, mamrobiTi sqesis

maswavlebelTa dabali proporciis gaTvaliswinebiT.

Sefasebisas ganvsazRvreT sxvadasxva zRvari skolebis kontigentTan

mimarTebaSi realuri statistikuri Sedarebis da dabal Tu maRalkontigentiani

skolebis maCveneblis gansasazRvrad. analizisas skola 100 moswavliT iTvleba

mcirekontigentian skolad, xolo 555-750 moswavliT maRalkontigentian skolad.

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis monacemTa bazis mixedviT, skolebi 555

moswavliT Seadgenda yvela skolebis 75%-s. skola mocemuli maCvenebeliT mravali

qveynebis standartebis mixedviT ar ganixileba, rogorc maRalkontigentiani. amitom,

750 ganisazRvra im raodenobad, romlis SemTxvevaSic sxva qveynebSi mizanSewonilad

miiCneven administraciul struqturebSi cvlilebebis ganxorcielebis saWiroebas.

kiTxvarebi SesaZleblobas aZlevda respodent maswavleblebs aerCiaT

specializaciis erTze meti sagani, magram es SemTxveva mxolod ramdenimejer

dafiqsirda. statistikurma testma (klimovi, smirnovi) cxadyo, rom ar arsebobs

statistikurad mniSvnelovani gansxvaveba maTematikis da sabunebismetyvelo

mecnierebebis maswavleblebis pasuxebs Soris, amitom mocemuli sagnebis

maswavleblebi gaerTianda erT kategoriaSi. sagnobrivi disciplinebis mixedviT

kategoriebis raodenobis Semcirebis mizniT, ganxorcielda Semdegi dajgufeba:

1) maTematika, sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi da kompiuteruli mecnierebebi; 2)

humanitaruli da socialuri mecnierebebi; 3) dawyebiTi klasebi. monacemTa Seyvanisas


daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo, sagnobrivi klasifikacia mxolod respodentebis

naxevarze naklebi raodenobisTvis moxerxda. SefasebisaTvis gansazRvruli mcire

drois gamo xarvezebis Sesworeba ver moxerxda.

angariSSi gamoyenebulia perioduli aTwiladebis sistema, romliTac

xelmZRvanelobs msoflio banki angariSebis momzadebisas.

2.5 monacemTa bazebis aRweriloba

mocemuli qveTavi warmoadgens SerCeuli respodentebis kategoriebis ZiriTad

aRwerilobas erovnuli masStabiT Sewonvamde da Sewonvis Semdeg, gamonakliss

warmoadgens konfliqturi zonebi da eTnikuri umciresobebiT dasaxlebuli regionebi.

monacemTa analizisas aRmoCenili TiTqmis yvela statistikurad mniSvnelovani

kavSiri, romelic warmodgenilia qveTavebSi sami da oTxi, emsaxureba SekiTxvebis da

punqtebis sandoobis gazrdas.

2.5.1 skolebis SemTxveviT SerCeviTi modelis aRweriloba

SerCeuli skolebis modeli aerTainebs 105 skolas. cxrilSi 2.1-2.4 warmodgenilia

skolebi adgilmdebareobis mixedviT Sewonvamde da Sewonvis Semdeg. SerCeuli

skolebis modeli moicavs ufro metad qalaqis da soflis da naklebad mTiani

regionebis skolebs. 29 skola konsolidirebulia ZiriTadad administraciuli gziT,

26 ki iRebs saxelmwifo subsidias.

cxrili 2.1 skolis tipi

skolis tipi sixSire (Seuwonavi) Sewonili (%)

qalaqis 42 29

soflis 42 43

maRalmTiani 20 28

cxrili 2.2 skolebis konsolidacia

skolebis konsolidacia sixSire (Seuwonavi) Sewonili(%)

diax 29 20

ara 72 79


cxrili 2.3 fizikuri da administraciuli konsolidacia

konsolidaciis tipi sixSire (Seuwonavi) Sewonili (%)

fizikuri konsolidacia 7 22

administraciuli konsolidacia 23 74

fizikuri da admnistraciuli 1 3

arakonsolidirebuli 70

cxrili 2.4 dafinanseba mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis

mcirekontigentiani skolis subsidia sixSire (Seuwonavi) Sewonili (%)

diax 26 31

ara 78 69

2.5.2 respodenti maswavleblebis SerCeviTi modelis aRweriloba

respodenti maswavleblebi ZiriTadad warmodgenilia mdedrobiTi sqesiT da

saSualod 31-60 asakobrivi jgufiT. umravlesobas gaaCnia 10 welze meti pedagogiuri

gamocdileba da samuSao klasebis sidide Seadgens 25 moswavles. respodenti

maswavleblebi sxvadasxva sagnobrivi specializaciis arian da ZiriTadad muSaoben

moswavleebis sxvadasxva asakobriv jgufebTan. ixileT, cxrili 2.5-2.10.

cxrili 2.5 miuTiTeT Tqveni sqesi

sqesi

sixSire Sewonili (%)

mamrobiTi 201 16

mdedrobiTi 1,082 84

cxrili 2.6 Tqveni asakobrivi jgufi?


30 186 12

31-40 329 23

41-50 396 30

51-60 303 22

61 200 13

cxrili 2.7 saSualo ganaTlebis romel safexurze muSaobT?


dawyebiTi 68 4

saSualo 1,285 92

profesiuli ganaTleba 71 4


cxrili 2.8 ramdeni wlis pedagogiuri gamocdileba gaqvT?


0-5 191 12

6-10 169 12

11-20 402 28

21 weli 644 48

cxrili 2.9 romel sagnebs aswavliT?


maTematika 96 9

sabunebismetyvelo 263 22

humanitaruli 332 30

socialuri mecnierebebi 152 13

sainformacio teqnologiebi 81 6

dawyebiTi klasebi 207 17

sxva 24 4

cxrili 2.10 daaxloebiT ra sididis klasebs aswavliT?


15 an naklebi 577 32

16-24 574 44

25-29 308 26

30-34 116 10

35-39 44 04

40 an meti 18 01

cxrili 2.11 romel klasebs aswavliT?


1-4 427 29

5-6 653 44

7-9 907 62

10-12 619 44


2.6 kvlevis masStabebi

angariSi da monacemTa moZieba masStaburi iyo, Tumca kvlevam moicva mxolod

qarTulenovani skolebi, konfliqtur zonebisa da eTnikuri umciresobebiT

dasaxlebuli regionebis skolebis mdgomareoba gaTvaliswinebuli ar yofila.

treningebis analizisas ar aris gansazRvruli TiToeul respodentze mocemuli

intervenciis gavlenis done, rac efuZneba Semdeg informacias 1) skolam miiRo Tu

ara kompiuterebi, an Cautarda Tu ara treningebi; an 2) respodenti maswavleblis

angariSi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad iyo CarTuli am programis treningSi. amgvari

angariSi SeiZleba naklebad sando iyos.

da bolos, erT-erTi problema kvlevis momzadebisa da ganxorcielebisaTvis

gansazRvruli mokle vada (saswavlo wlis bolo) iyo. rigi SekiTxvebis formulireba

ukeTesad ganxorcieldeboda meti drois an pilotirebisaTvis sakmarisi vadebis

SemTxvevaSi. amasTanave, umjobesi iqneboda, Tu xarisxobrivi da raodenobrivi

monacemebis Segrovebis procesebs Soris Sesabamisi intervali iqneboda. angariSis

bolo qveTavSi warmodgenilia rekomendaciebi damatebiTi kvlevebis Catarebis

Sesaxeb mocemuli aRmoCenebis ukeTesad gacnobierebis mizniT.


3.0 Sedegebi: saswavlo garemo

mocemul qveTavSi warmodgenilia ori erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxi _

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebi da treningebi axali saswavlo

gegmis farglebSi. agreTve, axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi da Sefasebis procesSi

ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebi. mocemulia axali saswavlo gegmis mokle aRwera da

Zvel saswavlo gegmasTan mimarTeba. meore qveTavi moicavs reformis procesebis

mimoxilvas skolis fizikur da socialur konteqstSi da informacias zogadi

ganaTlebis miznebis misaRwevad masalebiT uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb.

3.1 erovnuli saswavlo gegmis CarCo, saxelmwifo miznebi da Sedegebi

am qveTavSi ganxilulia, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba axali erovnuli saswavlo

gegma saxelmwifo miznebs Zvel saswavlo gegmasTan da tradiciulad damkvidrebul

meTodebTan SedarebiT. SefasebaSi es sakiTxi ganxilulia aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebis gamoyenebis Seswavlis doneze da ara calkeul saganSi saswavlo programis

ganxorcielebis magaliTze. kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli informacia cxadyofs,

rom moswavleebis swavlis Sedegebi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda axali saswavlo

programebis danergvis Sedegad ukanaskneli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi. miuxedavad

amisa, Sefasebis jgufi mizanSewonilad miiCnevs ufro siRrmiseuli kvlevis Catarebas

saboloo daskvnis gasakeTeblad.

saministros mimarTuleba Seesabameba saerTaSoriso literaturas swavlis

da swavlebis procesis efeqturad ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb. PIRLS-is monacemebze dayrdnobiT aRniSneba kiTxvis unar-CvevebSi qulobrivi zrda, rac aSkarad ar

vrceldeba sxva SemTxvevebze. aRniSnuli monacemebi ar iyo xelmisawvdomi mocemuli

Sefasebis gansaxorcieleblad.

respodent maswavlebelTa (maswavlebelTa kiTxvarebi) da mSoblebis (sameurveo

sabWoebTan fokusjgufebi) azriT, reformis iniciativebis ganxorcielebis Sedegad

amaRlda moswavleebis swavlis done. maswavleblebis 87% eTanxmeba, rom moswavleebis

swavlis done gaumjobesda swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebis Sedegad.

miuxedavad amisa, pasuxebis umravlesoba ar aris ,,sruliad veTanxmebi”.

cxrili 3.1 meTodebi, romelsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

programis farglebSi damexmara moswavleebis swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebaSi.

pasuxi gansazRvruli procenti

95 % sandoobis intervali

qveda zRvari zeda zRvari

mTlianad ar veTanxmebi 5 2 7

ar veTanxmebi 9 6 11

veTanxmebi 72 67 77

mTlianad veTanxmebi 15 10 20

sul 100


cxrili 3-2 meTodebi, romelsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

programis farglebSi damexmara moswavleebis swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebaSi..

respodentis kategoriasruliad

ar veTanxmebi

ar

veTanxmebiveTanxmebi

sruliad

veTanxmebi χ2

cvladialbaToba

qalaqis skola 4 9 7� �50.74 0.90

soflis skola 5 8 72 �4

maRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTiani raioni

3 7 78 �30.62 0.640

5 9 72 �5

qalaqis skola

soflis, magram aramaRalmTiani raonis

skola

4 9 72 �5

5.04 0.645

soflis skola 4 9 7� �6

maRalmTiani raionis skola 9 6 72 �3

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote

skola

4 2 87 73.3� 0.208

5 9 7� �5

skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi

CarTuli skola

skolas ar miuRia monawileoba

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebSi

5 9 72 �4�6

�.65 0.776

4 8 72 �6

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote an

maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola

arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia

monawileoba maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi

6 9 72 �4

�.96 0.74

3 8 72 �6

40 an naklebi asakis � 8 73 �8�3 �0.76 0.067

41 an meti 6 9 72

50 an naklebi asakis 4 8 70 �8�0 8.38 0.�20

51 an meti 6 9 75

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba � �0 72 �7�4 6.46 0.229

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 6 8 72

saSualo an orive 3 7 73 �7�4 �.57 0.704

dawyebiTi safexuris mxolod 5 9 72

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba

klasebis did nawilSi/yvela klasSi


iSviaTad an arasdros

5 �2 70 �2

6.40 0.2494 7 76 �6


saSualod, an mcired5 �2 70 �2

�2.74 0.��9aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis

maRali maCvenebeli4 5 74 �8


respodent maswavlebelTa azriT, axali meTodikis Sedegad moswavleebi swavlis

da swavlebis procesSi ufro metad arian CarTulebi. maswavleblebis 71% Tvlis,

rom moswavleebis ufro metad arian CarTulebi gakveTilis procesSi; 18% sruliad

eTanxmeba da 10% ar eTanxmeba am mosazrebas. (ixileT, cxrili).

cxrili 3-3: moswavleebi metad arian CarTulebi gakveTilis procesSi im

meTodikis daxmarebiT, romelsac maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis

farglebSi gavecani



qveda zRvarizeda zRvari

mTlianad ar veTanxmebi 2 � 3

ar veTanxmebi 8 4 �2

veTanxmebi 7� 67 76

mTlianad veTanxmebi �8 �4 22

sul �00


cxrili 3-4: moswavleebi metad arian CarTulebi gakveTilis procesSi im

meTodikis daxmarebiT, romelsac maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis

farglebSi gavecani

respodentis kategoria

mTlianad

ar

veTanxmebi

ar


mTlianad

veTanxmebiχ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 3 �2 70 �6�3.85 0.042

soflis skola 2 4 73 2�

maRalmTiani raioni


0 5 73 23�.52 0.4�4

2 8 7� �8

qalaqis skola

soflis, magram aramaRalmTiani raonis

skola

2 5 7� 2�

�5.�5 0.269

soflis skola 3 �� 70 �6

maRalmTiani raionis skola 0 3 78 20axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote

skola

� �� 53 36�8 6.�7 0.060

2 8 72

skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa


CarTuli skola



treningebSi

3 9 72�62� 3.�6 0.4�3

2 7 7�







3 9 7� �7

�.78 0.597

2 7 72 �9

40 an naklebi asakis � 7 69 23�6 8.07 0.�50

41 an meti 3 9 73

50 an naklebi asakis 2 �0 67 2��3 �7.20 0.002

51 an meti 3 4 80

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba � 6 68 25�6 6.64 0.�96

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 3 9 72

saSualo an orive 2 9 73 �6�9 0.72 0.893

dawyebiTi safexuris mxolod 2 8 7�





3 �2 70 �6

5.84 0.2442 7 72 �9


saSualod, an mcired

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis

maRali maCvenebeli

2 �� 72 �5

7.57 0.2432 5 7� 22


mSoblebis azriT, moswavleebi ufro metad arian motivirebulebi da maTi swavlis

Sedegic gaumjobesda. maswavlebelTa kiTxvarebiT miRebuli pasuxebi amyarebs am

mosazrebas. maswavleblebis umravlesoba (81%) Tvlis, rom moswavleebis swavlis

Sedegebi gaumjobesda ukanaskneli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi axali saswavlo gegmis

Sedegad. pasuxebi ar gansxvavdeba skolis adgilmdebareobis mixedviT. respodenti

maswavleblebi axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skolebidan SedarebiT pozitiurad

afaseben swavlis SedegebSi momxdar cvlilebebs, vidre arasapilote skolebis

warmomadgenlebi. maSin rodesac, mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba ar

aqvT im maswavlebelebs romlebic monawileobdnen da maT, vinc ar monawileobdnen

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programaSi.

cxrili 3-5 bolo 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi gaumjobesda swavlis Sedegebi axali

saswavlo gegmis ganxorcielebis Sedegad




diax 8� 77 84

ara 9 6 �3

ar vici �0 7 �3

sul �00


cxrili 3-6: bolo 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi gaumjobesda swavlis Sedegebi axali

saswavlo gegmis ganxorcielebis Sedegad

respodentis kategoria diax%

t an χ2 kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 90 0.�7 0.764

soflis skola 89

maRalmTiani raioni


930.37 0.420

89

qalaqis skola

soflis, magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola

90

0.22 0.9�2soflis skola 90

maRalmTiani raionis skola 88


axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola

992.26 0.004

89

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote an maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola

arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia monawileoba

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi

900.00 0.959

90

40 an naklebi asakis 900.�0 0.852

41 an meti 89

50 an naklebi asakis 90 0.90 0.584

51 an meti 88

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 900.05 0.895

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 89

dawyebiTi safexuri smaswavlebeli 89�.�5 0.344

saSualo an orive 92

mecnierebebi/maTematika 9�

0.�9 0.87�humanitaruli 92

dawyebiTi 93

axali saswavlo gegmis ganxorcielebisas gasaTvaliswinebelia mcirekontigentiani,

gansakuTrebiT maRalmTiani skolebis specifika. maTi konsolidaciis albaToba

mcirea. axali saswavlo gegma iTvaliswinebs saswavlo programis ganxorcielebas

wlebis mixedviT da ara fazuri saswavlo programis saxiT. mcirekontigentiani,

gansakuTrebiT maRalmTiani raionebis skolebisaTvis mizanSewonilia fazuri

saswavlo gegmis ganxorcieleba, ramdenime klasSi yovelwliurad da sxvadasxva

klasebis swavleba erTi saklaso oTaxis garemoSi. es principi rig SemTxvevebSi

SeiZleba gamoiyenon, rogorc konsolidaciis alternatiuli varianti. (konsolidaciis

sakiTxi farTod aris ganxiluli qveTavSi 4). miuxedavad imisa, rom erovnuli saswavlo

gegmebis da Sefasebis centris direqtori aRniSnavs, rom axali saswavlo gegma moqnilia


mcirekontigentian skolebTan mimarTebaSi, zogadad es alternatiuli varianti

saqarTvelos skolebisaTvis ar ganixileba. zogierTi skola amerikis SeerTebul

StatebSi da rigi ganviTarebadi qveynebi mimarTavdnen ,,fazuri” saswavlo gegmis

gamoyenebas saswavlo gegmis mravalferovnebis da moqnilobis uzrunvelsayofad.

specialuri swavlebis kursis SemoTavazebis magivrad semestrulad, an yovelwliurad,

saswavlo kursebi moswavleebis mcire raodenobisaTvis SesaZloa daigegmos yovel

or weliwadSi. meore principi aris mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis erTi

sagnobrivi specializaciis maswavleblebis (xSir SemTxvevaSi musikis, fizikis,

qimiis maswavleblebi da a.S) gaziareba. es SesaZloa gamoiyenon sameurveo sabWoebma,

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebma, erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da Sefasebis centrma

da saministrom.

amasTanave, zogierTi maswavleblis da mSoblis azriT, is faqti, rom maRal klasebSi

moswavleebi mxolod erTiani erovnuli gamocdebis Casabareblad swavloben, cudi

tendenciaa. am problemis gadaWra SesaZlebelia, Tu akademiuri miRwevis saSualo

maCvenebeli, an akademiuri miRwevis sxva zogadi indikatori ganisazRreba misaRebi

gamocdis Casabarebel aucilebel moTxovnad. SesaZloa, saministrom moisurvos am

principis danergva.

3.2 maswavleblebis treningebi da profesiuli ganviTareba

es punqti warmogidgenT, Tu ramdenad uwyobs xels Catarebuli treningebi

maswavleblebs efeqturi swavlis da swavlebis garemos SeqmnaSi. qvemoT mocemuli

axali saswavlo gegmis ganxilva or mizans emsaxureba: 1) axali saswavlo

gegmis gansaxorcieleblad erT-erTi mniSvnelovani faqtoria maswavleblebis

damokidebuleba da maTi mzadyofna da 2) axali saswavlo gegmis mTavari mizania

rogorc sagnobrivi swavlebis meTodikis Secvla, aseve saswavlo masalis konteqsturi

cvlilebi. miuxedavad imisa, rom monacemTa analizis ganxorcielebisas Sefasebis

jgufma scada, ganecalkevebina maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis da axali

saswavlo gegmis treningebis gavlena, zogierTi SekiTxva mocemuli diferenciaciis

saSualebas ar iZleva. rekomendaciebi yvela qvepunqtze warmodgenilia aRniSnuli

punqtis bolos.

3.2.1 treningebis Sesabamisoba da gavlena

kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis safuZvelze ganxilulia treningebis

Sedegebi. vinaidan, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebisa da saswavlo gegmebis

maswavlebelTa treningebis gavlenis maCvenebeli xSir SemTxvevaSi erTmaneTs

emTxveva, maTi analizic erTad aris warmodgenili. skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis, axali saswavlo gegmis da proeqt ,,irmis naxtomis”

farglebSi ganxorcielebuli treningebi ganxilulia Sesaval nawilSi.

3.2.1.1 treningebis Sesabamisoba

es qvepunqti ganixilavs, Tu ramdenad efeqturia treningebi aqtiur swavlebaSi

cvlilebebis gansaxorcieleblad. amis dasadgenad, pirvel rigSi aucilebelia

maswavleblTa pasuxebis Seswavla, kiTxvaze “TvliT Tu ara Tavs treningebis Semdeg


saTanadod momzadebulad”. kvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT, maswavlebelTa umravlesoba

ukmayofiloa aqtiuri swavlebis da axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi swavlebis

procesis Sesaxeb miwodebuli magaliTebiTa da modelebiT.

fokus-jgufebis ganxilvisas, axali saswavlo gegmis treningebSi monawile

maswavleblebma xazgasmiT aRniSnes mocemuli treningebis maRali profesionaluri

done. treningebSi monawile maswavleblebi gamoxataven motivacias da dainteresebas

gauziaron praqtikuli samuSaos warmatebuli Sedegebi sxva maswavleblebs.

gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom Sefasebas treningebSi monawile maswavleblebi

(sapilote skolebidan) amzadebdnen, SesaZloa, rom sxva maswavlebleblebma negatiuri

damokidebulebis ubralod ar gamoxates.

skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi monawileobasTan

dakavSirebiT maswavlebelTa pasuxebis analizisas, aRsaniSnavia ori gaurkvevloba:

1) kiTxvaze – romel treningSi miiRes monawileoba – maswavleblebi ver axerxeben

sxadasxva treningebis gansxvavebas; an 2) naklebad aqvT uaryofiTi pasuxis

dafiqsirebis gamocdileba. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac maswavleblebs aqvT kiTxvarebTan

muSaobis gamocdileba, SekiTxva pasuxis gareSe ar ganixileba. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac

maswavleblebs kiTxvarebTan muSaobis mcire gamocdileba aqvT, upasuxod datovebuli

SekiTxva, SesaZloa ganvixiloT, rogorc uaryofiTi pasuxi. Tu aRniSnuli respodenti

maswavleblebis SemTxvevas ganvixilavT rogorc uaryofiT pasuxs, miviRebT, rom

maswavlebelTa mxolod 44%-ma miiRo monawileoba treningebSi, dawyebiTi safexuris

maswavleblebis dabali procentuli maCvenebliT. Tu, im respodent maswavleblebs

gamovricxavT, romlebsac pasuxi ar gauciaT am SekiTxvaze, mniSvnelovnad (61%-mde)

gaizrdeba treningebSi monawile maswavleblebis procentuli maCvenebeli.

1. cxrili 3-7: aRniSneT, Tu migiRiaT monawileoba qvemoT warmodgenil romelime treningSi

bolo eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi:

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebi ganxorcielebuli

ganaTlebis saministros mier (SekiTxva pasuxis gareSe ganxilulia, rogorc pasuxi

,,ara”)




diax 44 38 50

ara 56 50 62

sul �00



ganaTlebis saministros mier (SekiTxva pasuxis gareSe ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli)

Pasuxi gansazRvruli procenti



diax 6� 55 66

ara 39 34 45

sul �00


ganaTlebis saministros mier (SekiTxva pasuxis gareSe ganxilulia, rogorc pasuxi

,,ara”)

respodentis kategoria diax ara xi-kvadrati albaToba

soflis skola 42 582.56 0.322

qalaqis skola 46 54

maRalmTiani raioni 49 5�0.86 0.592

aramaRalmTiani raioni 44 56

soflis skola 4� 59

5.20 0.372qalaqis skola 45 55

maRalmTiani raionis skola 50 50

skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi

CarTuli skola42 58

2.54 0.453skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebSi46 54

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli 42 58�0.89 0.0006

saSualo an orive 53 47

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba klasebis umetes nawilSi an

mudmivad43 57

4.80 0.�2�aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba iSviaTad an arasdros 5� 49

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba saSualod an mcired 47 533.57 0.023

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis maRali maCvenebeli 55 45



ganaTlebis saministros mier (SekiTxva pasuxis gareSe ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli)

respodentis kategoria diax ara xi-kvadrati albaToba

soflis skola 62 380.362 0.530

qalaqis skola 60 4�

maRalmTiani raioni 60 40�.80 0.37�

aramaRalmTiani raioni 69 3�

soflis skola 59 4�

2.47 0.404qalaqis skola 64 36

maRalmTiani raionis skola 60 40

skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi

CarTuli skola57 43

9.0� 0.��skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebSi66 34

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli 58 42�2.77 0.005

saSualo an orive 7� 29

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba klasebis umetes nawilSi/

yvela klasSi62 38

2.59 0.234aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba iSviaTad an arasdros 56 44

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba saSualod an iSviaTad 5� 493.06 0.043

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis maRali maCvenebeli 58 42

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris mier mowodebuli informaciis

mixedviT, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebi ar ganxorcielebula

samcxe-javaxeTis regionSi. im droisaTvis, rodesac treningebis dagegmili iyo

regionis masStabiT, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebis formati

Seicvala da axali meTodologiis da principebis integracia axali saswavlo

gegmis treningebma SeiTavsa. garda aRniSnuli SemTxvevisa, treningebi Tanabrad

gadanawilda sxvadasxva regionebsa da skolebs Soris.

zogadsaganmanaTleblo sistemis sabaziso kvlevis mixedviT, maswavleblebi

wlebis ganmavlobaSi moklebuli iyvnen profesiuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebs,

rac aisaxa swavlebis tradiciul, didaqtikur praqtikaSi. problemis mosagvareblad

muSaoba reformis farglebSi saxelmwifo doneze organizebuli treningebiT daiwyo.

miuxedavad amisa, mimdinare etapze respodenti maswavleblebis daaxloebiT naxevari

miiCnevs, rom aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis praqtikaSi damkvidrebisas erT-erTi udidesi

sirTule Tanamedrove meTodikis Sesaxeb treningebis simcirea. maswavlebleblTa

umravlesoba, romelic miuTiTebs arasakmarisi treningebis problemaze, qalaqis

skolebs (axali saswavlo gegmis treningebSi CarTuli skolebi) warmodgenen da

ZiriTadad dawyebiTi skolis safexurze muSaoben. amis miuxedavad, damokidebuleba

treningebis adeqvaturobis mimarT umniSvnelod gansxvavdeba axali saswavlo

programis treningebSi monawile Tu skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebSi monawileobe maswavleblebs Soris. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom reformis

farglebSi Catarebuli da mimdinare treningebi emsaxureba im mniSvnelovani


danaklisis Sevsebas _ xangrZlivi periodis ganmavlobaSi treningebis ararsebobas.

amgvarad SeiZleba aixsnas treningebis raodenobis/moculobis Sesaxeb respodenti

maswavleblebis Sefaseba.

cxrili 3-11. qvemoT CamoTvlil faqtorTagan romeli migaCniaT swavlebis

procesis xelisSemSlel pirobad? klasSi swavlebis axali meTodebis Sesaxeb

maswavlebelTa profesiuli treningebi arasakmarisia. (yvela maswavlebeli)


95% sandoobis intervali


ara 5� 42 60

diax 49 40 58

sul �00


cxrili 3-12: klasSi swavlebis axali meTodebis Sesaxeb maswavlebelTa

profesiuli treningebi arasakmarisia.

respodentebis kategoria diaxTi-testis

cvladicvladi

qalaqis skola 582.83 0.0�3

soflis skola 39

maRalmTiani raioni 560.48 0.638

aramaRalmTiani raioni 49

aramaRalmTiani raionis soflis skola 39

-2.08 0.055maRalmTiani raionis skola 43

qalaqis skola 57

soflis skola 39

maRalmTiani raionis skola 43

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 7�2.49 0.025

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 48


CarTuli skola53

�.59 0.�34skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi44

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote an maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola (training school)54

�.94 0.�34ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola

arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi42

40 an naklebi asakis 45�.�8 0.255

41 an meti 5�

50 an naklebi asakis 480.7� 0.49�

51 an meti 5�

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 470.96 0.353

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 50

dawyebiTi safexuri 48-0.�6 0.878

saSualo an orive 49

mecnierebebi/maTematika 47

7.7� 0.��7humanitaruli 48

dawyebiTi 65


cxrili 3-13: qvemoT CamoTvlil faqtorTagan romeli migaCniaT swavlebis


maswavlebelTa profesiuli treningebi arasakmarisia. (mxolod im respodentebis

pasuxebi, romlebic monawileobdnen skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTArebis treningebSi)


95 % sandoobis koeficienti

Qqveda zRvari zeda zRvari

ara 48 36 59

diax 52 4� 64

sul �00



maswavlebelTa profesiuli treningebi arasakmarisia. (mxolod im respodentebis

pasuxebi, romlebic monawileobdnen axali saswavlo gegmis treningebSi)



zeda zRvari qveda zRvari

ara 54 44 64

diax 46 36 56

Sul �00



maswavlebelTa profesiuli treningebi arasakmarisia (mxolod im respodentebis

pasuxebi, romlebic monawileobdnen axali saswavlo gegmis treningebSi)

respodentis kategoria diax Ti-cvladi albaToba

Aaxali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 683.73 0.074

Aarasapilote skola 45

treningebis ZiriTad Sesafasebel saSualebas sakuTari profesiuli ganviTarebisa

da codnis mimarT maswavlebelTa damokidebulebaa. reformis procesis miuxedavad,

maswavleblebis nawili kvlavac ar aris darwmunebuli sakuTari profesiuli

ganviTarebis da codnis progresSi. es daskvna maswavlebelTa kiTxvarSi warmodgenil

SekiTxvaze gacemuli pasuxebidan gamomdinareobs. respodenti maswavleblebis

naxevarze meti Tvlis, rom maTi profesiuli codnis done amaRlda ukanaskneli 5 wlis

ganmavlobaSi; xolo 42% ar eTanxmeba aRniSnul mosazrebas. samizne kategoriebs

Soris mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ar gamovlenila.


cxrili 3-16: gTxovT miuTiToT, ramdenad eTanxmebiT an ar eTanxmebiT TiToeul

mosazrebas: moswavleTa codnis done gaizarda bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi

respodentis kategoria

sruliad

ar

veTanxmebi

ar


sruliad

veTanxmebi

Ti an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 9 23 50 �88.�5 0.�55

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 6 36 5� 7

Skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola6 37 5� 6

4.64 0.554skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi6 33 5� �0



treningebSi CarTuli skola




6 37 5� 6

4.83 0.5�4

6 33 5� �0

mecnierebebi/maTematika 8 40 47 5

5.�34 0.597humanitaruli 8 35 48 9

dawyebiTi 4 37 48 ��

mocemuli cxrili ar asaxavs respodentebis damokidebulebas romelime konkretul

treningis mimarT. Semdgom qveTavebSi mocemulia monacemebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad

marTebuli iyo esa Tu is treningi, rogor icvleba maswavleblTa damokidebuleba

swavlebis da Sefasebis axali meTodebisadmi, sainformacio komunikaciebsa da

teqnologiebisadmi da rogor iyeneben maT swavlebis praqtikaSi.

3.2.2 maswavleblebis damokidebuleba swavlebis axali meTodebis

mimarT da maTi gamoyeneba

swavlebis meTodikaSi siaxleebis dasanergad Catarebulma treningebma xeli unda

Seuwyos maswavleblebs gaiazron axali meTodika da maTi gamoyenebis principebi.

swored axali meTodikisadmi maswavleblis damokidebuleba ganapirobebs mis farTo

da marTebul gamoyenebas praqtikaSi. daskvnebi qvepunqtebze mocemulia am punqtis

bolos.

3.2.2.1 swavlebis axali meTodebisadmi maswavleblebis damokidebuleba

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris da erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da

Sefasebis centris direqtorebi Tvlian, rom maswavleblebis garkveuli kategoriisaTvis

treningebi efeqturad Catarda. axali saswavlo gegma SedarebiT warmatebulad

ganxorcielda im skolebSi, romlebic maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebSi iyvnen CarTulni. orive treningSi monawile skolebidan maswavleblTa

nawili ukeTesad icnobs axal principebs da saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli

saswavlo programebis ganxocielebisas axali meTodologias iyenebs.


kiTxvarebis da saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis Sedegebma aCvena, rom maswavleblebi

iyeneben axal meTodikas da mzad arian siaxlebisaTvis. es maswavlebelTaA

profesiuli ganviTarebis intervenciebis mniSvnelovani warmatebis maCvenebelia.

amasTanave, maswavleblebis umravlesoba dadebiTad afasebs maswavlebelTa

profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebis Sedegad Seswavlil meTodikas da swavlebis

teqnikas. maswavleblebis 89% eTanxmeba mosazrebas, rom maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebze warmodgenili meTodologia daexmara maT swavlebis

xarisxis amaRlebaSi. mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ar gamovlinda

sapilote da arasapilote skolebis maswavleblebs Soris. rogorc mosalodneli

iyo, maswavleblebi 50 wlis an meti asakobrivi jgufidan, naklebad pozitiurad

afaseben im cvlilebebs, romelic treningebis Sedegad Seswavlili meTodebis

praqtikuli gamoyenebis Sedegs warmoadgens. respodenti maswavleblebi, romlebic

xSirad iyeneben aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs SedarebiT pozitiurad afaseben skolis-

bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebs, vidre maswavleblebi,

romlebic iSviaTad mimarTaven am meTodebis gamoyenebas.


cxrili 3-17: maswavleblebis mier skolis-bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis

treningebis Sefasebis indeqsi

respodentebis kategoria saSualo

t an χ2 kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 8.8-�.02 0.324

soflis skola 9.�

maRalmTiani raioni


9.3�.84 0.085

8.9

qalaqis skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola 8.8

�.04 0.3�3soflis skola 9.�

maRalmTiani raionis skola 9.2

soflis ara maRalmTiani raionis skola 9.�-0.2� *

maRalmTiani raionis skola 9.2

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 9.20.53 0.603

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 8.9

skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis


skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa profesiuli


8.9-�.03 0.32�

9.�



ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola (training school)

8.9-0.93 0.367


maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebSi9.�

50 an naklebi 9.�-�.94 0.07�

51 an meti 8.7

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 9.4-2.7 0.0�7

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 8.8

dawyebiTi safexuri 8.90.35 0.728

saSualo an orive 9.0

mecnierebebi/maTematika 9.0-�.25 0.23�

humanitaruli 8.8


cxrili 3-18: meTodebi, romlebsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis programis farglebSi, damexmara swavlebis xarisxis gaumjobesebaSi

pasuxigansazRvruli

procenti




ar veTanxmebi 8 5 �0

veTanxmebi 7� 64 78

mTlianad veTanxmebi �8 �3 23

sul �00


cxrili 3-19 meTodebi, romelsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

programis farglebSi damexmara, swavlebis da swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebaSi

respodentebis kategoria

mTlianad

ar

veTanxmebi

ar


mTlianad

veTanxmebi

Ti an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola 3 5 75 �6 5.99 0.266

qalaqis skola 3 9 67 20

maRalmTiani raioni 0 3 79 �82.3� 0.�596

aramaRalmTiani raioni 3 8 7� �8

qalaqis skola

maRalmTiani raonis skola 3 9 67 20

8.97 0.409soflis skola 4 6 73 �7

maRalmTiani raionis skola � 6 82 �2


axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola

� 4 77 �8�.08 0.383

3 8 7� �8

skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli


skolas ar miuRia monawileoba maswavlebelTa


4 5 7� 204.52 0.4�5

3 9 7� �7



ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola )training school)

3 9 7� �6

5.08 0.373ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola




4 5 7� 2�

50 an naklebi 4 �0 76 ��4.20 0.0�0

51 an meti 3 6 68 22

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 4 8 7� �75.30 0.�93

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 2 5 7� 23

dawyebiTi safexuri smaswavlebeli 3 8 70 �83.27 0.374

saSualo an orive 3 4 73 20

klasis zoma 25 an meti 2 9 7� �72.60 0.443

klasis zoma 24-ze naklebi 4 7 7� �9

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba klasebis

did nawilSi/yvela klasSi

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba iSviaTad

an arasdros

4 5 70 2�24.�2 0.003

2 �4 73 ��

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba saSualod

an mcired4 6 67 23

9.33 0.�07aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis maRali

maCvenebeli2 8 75 �5


maswavlebelTa #1 kiTxvarSi warmodgenilia eqvsi SekiTxva aqtiuri swavlebis

formebis Sesaxeb maswavlebelTa damokidebulebis Sesaswavlad. TiToeul SekiTxvaze

pasuxi mocemulia cxrilebis saxiT:

cxrili 3-20: sagakveTilo procesi yvelaze efeqturia, rodesac maswavlebeli

atarebs ZiriTadad leqciis tipis gakveTils




mTlianad veTanxmebi 2 � 4

veTanxmebi 2� �5 27


mTlianad ar veTanxmebi �3 �0 �7

sul �00

cxrili 3-21: rodesac moswavle davalebas damoukideblad asrulebs, maswavlebels

zustad SeuZlia gansazRvros misi codnis done




mTlianad veTanxmebi 30 25 35

veTanxmebi 64 60 68

ar veTanxmebi 3 2 4


sul �00

cxrili 3-22: maswavleblebi gacilebiT met codnas floben, vidre moswavleebi,

amitom maswavleblebma moswavleebs unda miawodon mxolod informacia da faqtebi




mTlianad veTanxmebi �3 �0 �7

veTanxmebi 50 45 54


mTlianad ar veTanxmebi 8 5 �0

sul �00


cxrili 3-23: gakveTilis mTavari Tema unda iyos problema, romelzec moswavles

advilad SeuZlia zusti da konkretuli pasuxi moZebna




mTlianad veTanxmebi �7 �3 2�

veTanxmebi 67 64 70

ar veTanxmebi �3 �� 5


sul �00

cxrili 3-24: moswavleebi xSirad aferxeben gakveTilebis msvlelobas, rodesac

gakveTilis Sesaxeb erTmaneTSi saubroben




mTlianad veTanxmebi 7 5 �0

veTanxmebi 35 30 40


mTlianad ar veTanxmebi 8 5 ��

sul �00

cxrili 3-25: maswavleblebis Sefaseba / SeniSvnebi moswavlis mier Sesrulebul

samuSaoze unda emsaxurebodes moswavlis motivaciis amaRlebas.




mTlianad veTanxmebi 2 � 4

veTanxmebi 2 � 4


mTlianad ar veTanxmebi 35 3� 40

sul �00


maswavleblebi tradiciuli damokidebulebas yvelaze metad moswavleebTan

individualur muSaobasTan dakavSirebiT inarCuneben. kerZod, eTanxmebian mosazrebas,

rom gakveTilis mTavari Tema unda iyos problema, romelzec moswavles advilad

SeuZlia zusti da konkretuli pasuxis moZebna. maswavleblis funqciaa moswavleebis

swavlis donis asamaRleblad komentaris miwodeba. respodentebis pasuxebi swavlebis

didaqtikur meTodTan dakavSirebiT araTanabrad aris gadanawilebuli.

mocemuli eqvsi SekiTxvis safuZvelze indeqsis gansazRvris mizniT, maTi

axal meTodikasTan Sesabamisobis safuZvelze TiToeul SekiTxvas mieniWa

kodi 0-3. am SemTxvevaSi, yvela SekiTxvas mieniWa 0 qula sruli Sesabamisobis

uzrunvelsayofad. Sejamda qulebi TiToeuli maswavleblis kiTxvaridan da

gaiyo im SekiTxvebis raodenobaze, romelsac pasuxi gaeca. amgvarad gamoviTvaleT

calkeuli maswavleblisaTvis saSualo qula. SesaZlo saSualo qula 0-dan 3-mde

aris gansazRvruli, maRali qulebi miuTiTebs maswavleblis dadebiT ganwyobaze

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis mimarT. yvela maswavleblisaTvis saSualo qula

Seadgens 1.48-s.


cxrili 3-26: axali meTodebis gamoyenebasadmi maswavleblebis damokidebulebis

indeqsi


Ti an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola �.490.83 0.42�

soflis skola �.46maRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTiani raioni �.5�

0.40 0.698aramaRalmTaiani raioni �.47

urbanuli skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola

�.49

-�.43 0.�73soflis skola �.5�

maRalmTiani raionis skola �.38

soflis aramaRalmTiani raionis skola �.5�-�.36 *

maRalmTiani raionis skola �.38

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola �.33-2.36 0.032

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola �.48


CarTuli skola



�.45

-�.38 0.�87�.50

40 wlis an naklebi �.460.59 0.562

40 wlis an meti �.48

50 wlis an naklebi �.49-�.54 0.�46

51 wlis an meti �.44

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba �.450.78 0.445

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba �.48

dawyebiTi safexuris smaswavlebeli �.462.55 0.022

saSualo an orive �.54

klasis zoma 25 an meti �.48-0.07 0.944

klasis zoma 24-ze naklebi �.47

kvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT, ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi maswavleblebis

damokidebuleba aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebisadmi mniSvnelovnad Seicvala.

sainteresoa, rom maswavleblebis damokidebuleba sapilote skolebSi SedarebiT

naklebi quliT aRiniSna, vidre arasapilote skolebSi (1.33 da 1.48). mniSvnelovani

statistikuri gansxvaveba ar gamovlinda maswavleblebs Soris, romlebsac CautardaT/

ar CautardaT skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis treningebi. dawyebiTi

safexuris maswavleblebs naklebad dadebiTi damokidebuleba aqvT aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebis mimarT, vidre sabazo da saSualo safexuris maswavleblebs, an orives

erTad.


zogadad, maswavleblebi dadebiTad arian ganwyobili aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis

mimarT. maswavleblebis 56% SesaZleblad miiCnevs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis

gamoyenebas klasSi. mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ar gamovlenila

qalaqis da soflis skolebs Soris. respodenti maswavleblebi 50 wlamde asakobrivi

jgufidan SedarebiT pozitiurad arian ganwyobili axali saswavlo gegmis mimarT,

vidre 50 wels gadacilebuli maswavleblebi. maswavlebelTa dadebiTi ganwyoba

axali meTodebis mimarT reformis procesebis efeqtur ganxorcilebaze miuTiTebs.

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebisas problema SeiZleba warmoiSvas, Tu

maswavleblebi miiCneven, rom swavlebis axali praqtika ar Seesabameba maTi sagnis

specifikas da saklaso oTaxis realobas. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT maswavlebelTa

kiTxvarSi mocemulia ori kiTxva: pirveli, ,,ramdenad SesaZlebelia axali saswavlo

gegmis farglebSi aqtiuri swavleba?” respodenti maswavleblebis 56% Tvlis, rom

aqtiuri swavleba srulad SeiZleba ganxorcieldes axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi,

maSin rodesac 41% nawilobriv eTanxmeba mocemul mosazrebas. maswavleblebis

mxolod 3% Tvlis, rom aqtiuri swavleba SeuZlebelia axali saswavlo gegmis CarCos

mixedviT. sapilote skolebidan maswavleblebis 77% da 55% arasapilote skolebdan

aqtiuri swavlebis praqtikis ganxorcielebas SesaZleblad miiCnevs. maswavleblebis

pasuxebi ar gansxvavdeba zogadsaganmanaTleblo swavlebis safexurebis mixedviT.

cxrili 3-27: ramdenad SesaZlebelia axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi aqtiuri swavleba?


95 % konfidencialurobis koeficienti


saerTod ar aris SesaZlebeli

3 � 5

metnaklebad SesaZlebelia 4� 35 46

SesaZlebelia 56 5� 6�

sul �00


cxrili 3-28: ramdenad SesaZlebelia axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi aqtiuri

swavleba?

respodentebis kategoria

saerTod

ar aris

SesaZlebeli

met-naklebad

SesaZlebeliaSesaZlebelia

t an χ2 kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 3 4� 560.� 0.96�

soflis skola 3 40 57

soflis ara maRalmTiani raionis skola 3 39 57 0.08 0.990

maRalmTiani raionis skola 3 39 58


0.24 0.993qalaqis skola 3 39 57

maRalmTiani raionis skola 3 39 58

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 6 �7 776.63 0.�24

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 3 42 55




(training school)

4 4� 56

�.55 0.5��ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola




2 40 57

50 wlis an naklebi 3 42 540.6� 0.748

51 wlis an meti 3 40 57

11 wlis an meti samuSao gamocdileba 2 44 54�2.63 0.0�6

10 welze mcire samuSao gamocdileba 6 30 64

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli 4 40 563.�8 0.336

saSualo an orive 0 42 58

klasis zoma 25 an meti 5 39 57 3.25 0.336

klasis zoma 24-ze naklebi 2 42 56

mecnierebebi/maTematika � 43 56

8.67 0.�6�humanitaruli mecnierebebi 2 44 54

dawyebiTi klasebi 4 27 69

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi xSirad

gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/

iSviaTad gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi

3 36 622.72 0.6�4

3 42 55





2 33 65

47.44 0.0003

5 59 37


kiTxvarSi mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiTYdamatebiT erTi, SedarebiT

neitraluri kiTxva kvlavac aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis mimarT maswavleblebis

damokidebulebis Seswavlas iTvaliswinebda. ,,qvemoT CamoTvlili faqtorebidan

romeli migaCniaT swavlebis procesis xelisSemSlel pirobad? - swavlebis axali

meTodebi ar Seesabameba maswavlebelTa muSaobis praqtikas klasSi”. SekiTxvis am

saxiT formulirebisas, maswavlebelTa 44% daeTanxma mosazrebas. vinaidan, mocemul

SekiTxvaze gacemuli pasuxebis procentuli raodenoba ewinaaRmdegeba winamdebare

SekiTxvis pasuxebs, SesaZloa CaiTvalos, rom maswavlebelebis damokidebuleba

aqtiuri swavlebis formebis mimarT myarad ar aris Camoyalibebuli. amgvari damokidebuleba

damaxasiaTebelia reformis adreuli etapisaTvis da procesebis arastabilur

xasiaTze miuTiTebs im SemTxvevaSi, Tu damatebiTi saqmianoba da profesiuli

mxardaWera ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli.

cxrili 3-29: qvemoT CamoTvlili faqtorebidan romeli migaCniaT swavlebis

procesis xelisSemSlel pirobad? swavlebis axali meTodebi ar Seesabameba

maswavlebelTa muSaobis praqtikas klasSi




ara 56 50 6�

diax 44 39 50

sul �00

3.2.2.2 meTodebis gamoyeneba

Sefasebis Sedegebis mixedviT da aseve erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da Sefasebis

centris informaciiT, maswavleblebi praqtikaSi garkveulwilad iyeneben

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs, magram tradiciuli, pasiuri swavlebis meTodebi

kvlavac aqtualuria. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da Sefasebis centris danergvis

koordinatorTan, q-n nana dalaqiSvilTan Sexvedrisas gairkva, rom axali meTodebis

efeqturi gamoyeneba saswavlo praqtikaSi mimdinare etapze iwyeba. amasTanave aRiniSna,

rom maswavleblebis didi nawili iyenebs axal meTodikas, Tumca ufro meqanikurad,

vidre gaazrebulad. amis naTeli magaliTia moswavleebis jgufuri muSaoba masalis

dasazepireblad, rac damkvidrebul tradiciul formas warmoadgens. es yvelaferi

damaxasiaTebelia reformis adreuli etapisaTvis da maswavlebelTa Sesabamisi

profesiuli momzadebis aucileblobaze miuTiTebs. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu maswavleblebi

ver acnobiereben aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis mniSvnelobas, rTulia

daarwmuno isini swavlebis amgvari formebis dadebiT mxareSi.

kiTxvarSi warmodgenilia SekiTxvebi respodenti maswavleblebis damokidebulebis

Sesaswavlad aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis mimarT. zogadad, maswavleblebi dadebiTad

arian ganwyobilni praqtikaSi aqtiuri swavlebis formebis gamoyenebisadmi.

respodenti maswavleblebis 98% sxvadasxva sixSiriT iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebs saklaso oTaxSi, Sesabamisi daskvna SesaZloa gakeTdes saklaso oTaxis

praqtikaze dakvirvebis safuZvelzec. maswavleblebis 30% mxolod zogierT klasSi

iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis formas, 16% xSirad mimarTavs mocemul praqtikas da 52%


ki TiTqmis yvela klasSi. mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ar aRniSneba

sapilote da arasapilote skolebis respodenti maswavleblebis pasuxebs Soris.

rogorc mosalodneli iyo, 50 welze naklebi asakis maswavleblebi metad iyeneben

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs, vidre ufrosi asakobrivi jgufis warmomadgenlebi.

dawyebiTi klasebis maswavleblebi SedarebiT xSirad sargebloben interaqtiuli

meTodologiiT praqtikaSi, vidre maTematikis, sabunebismetyvelo da humanitaruli

mecnierebebis maswavleblebi.

cxrili 3-30: ramden klasSi iyenebT aqtiuri swavlebis meTods?


95 %sandoobis intervali


arcerT klasSi 2 0 3

ramdenime klasSi 30 24 36

bevr klasSi �6 �3 �9

TiTqmis yvela klasSi 52 47 57

sul �00


cxrili 3-31: ramden klasSi iyenebT aqtiuri swavlebis meTods?

respodentebis kategoria TiTqmis

yvela klasSi

zogierT

klasSi

bevr

klasSi

TiTqmis

yvela

klasSi

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 2 24 2� 54�8.�3 0.007

soflis skola 2 37 �� 50

maRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTiani raioni 2 37 7 54

2.56 0.36�aramaRalmTaiani raioni 2 30 �7 52

qalaqis skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola 2 24 2� 54

25.20 0.005soflis skola 2 4� �� 46maRalmTiani raionis skola � 29 �� 59

soflis aramaRalmTiani raionis skola 2 4� �� 466.�9

maRalmTiani raionis skola � 29 �� 59

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 0 24 32 455.53 0.379

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 2 30 �6 52





treningebSi

2 32 �4 52

3.�4 0.5�8

� 29 �8 52








training school





� 29 �8 52

3.5� 0.5� 2

3 3� �4 52

40 wlis an naklebi � 28 �7 54�.09 0.8596

40 wlis an meti 2 3� �6 5�

50 wlis an naklebi � 30 �6 520.57 0.9099

51 wlis an meti 2 30 �6 52

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba � 24 �7 584.4� 0.536

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 2 32 �6 50

40 wlis an naklebi 2 30 �3 54�8.78 0.0�2

40 wlis an meti 0 30 27 43

klasis zoma: 25 an meti moswavle 2 33 �� 5322.5� 0.0398

klasis zoma: 24-ze naklebi moswavle � 24 25 5�

mecnierebebi/maTematika � 3� 2� 47 ��.57 0.283humanitaruli mecnierebebi 3 3� �5 5�

dawyebiTi klasebi 2 30 5 62

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/

iSviaTad gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi gamoiyeneba3 35 �7 45

�9.28 0.033aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi xSirad

gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi0 23 �7 59


maswavlebelTa kiTxvarSi warmodgenilia sakiTxebi, romlebic maswavleblebis

mier praqtikaSi konkretuli aqtiuri meTodebis gamoyenebis sixSireze gvawvdis

informacias. maswavlebelTa kiTxvarSi # 1 warmodgenilia SekiTxvis cxra sxvadasxva

varianti gakveTilis procesSi moswavleebis aqtiurobis Sesaxeb. mocemuli SekiTxvebi

ufro metad aris orientirebuli moswavlis aqtivobaze, vidre maswavleblis, rac

SedarebiT obieqtur pasuxebs ganapirobebs respodenti maswavleblebis mxridan.

mocemul SekiTxvebi sxvadasxva safexuris maswavleblebisaTvis aris SemuSavebuli,

amitom Sefasebis jgufma SeZlebisdagvarad martivad moaxdina maTi formulireba.

TiToeul SekiTxvas oTxi alternatiuli pasuxi aqvs. pasuxebis safuZvelze

gamoTvlili indeqsi warmodgenilia cxrilebSi.

cxrili 3-32: moswavleebi usmenen da iweren SeniSvnebs gakveTilis

msvlelobisas




iSviaTad an arasdros �3 9 �6

TveSi 1-3 jer 55 50 6�

xSirad �2 7 �6

Zalian xSirad 20 �8 23

sul �00

cxrili 3-33: moswavleebi aqtiurad monawileoben TanatolTa diskusiebsa da

debatebSi




iSviaTad an arasdros �0 6 �3

TveSi 1-3 jer �2 9 �4

xSirad 60 56 64

Zalian xSirad �9 �4 23

sul �00


cxrili 3-34: moswavleebi monawileoben proeqtebSi, romlebic erT dReze metxans

grZeldeba




iSviaTad an arasdros 4 � 7

TveSi 1-3 jer �5 �3 �8

xSirad 26 2� 3�

Zalian xSirad 55 50 60

sul �00

cxrili 3-35: moswavle kiTxulobs Cumad




iSviaTad an arasdros 27 22 33

TveSi 1-3 jer 7 4 �0

xSirad 56 49 63

Zalian xSirad �0 6 �3

sul �00

cxrili 3-36: moswavleebi muSaoben mcire jgufebSi




iSviaTad an arasdros �� 9 �4

TveSi 1-3 jer �8 �5 2�

xSirad 58 54 63


sul �00


cxrili 3-37: moswavleebi awyoben saklaso prezentaciebs




iSviaTad an arasdros �9 �4 25

TveSi 1-3 jer 29 25 33

xSirad 4� 34 48


sul �00

cxrili 3-38: moswavleebi muSaoben problematur sakiTxebze




iSviaTad an arasdros 2� �5 28

TveSi 1-3 jer 2� �5 27

xSirad 50 44 56

Zalian xSirad 8 5 �0

sul �00

cxrili 3-39: moswavleebi monawileoben gakveTilis procesSi, sadac ZiriTadad

maswavlebeli saubrobs




iSviaTad an arasdros 23 �8 29

TveSi 1-3 jer 9 6 ��

xSirad 58 53 63


sul �00

�0ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

cxrili 3-40: moswavleebi monawileoben mTeli klasis diskusiaSi, ZiriTadad

moswavleebi saubroben




iSviaTad an arasdros �� 8 �5

TveSi 1-3 jer �5 �3 �8

xSirad 58 53 64

Zalian xSirad �5 �� 20

sul �00

SekiTxvebis mizani iyo erTiani indeqsis gamoTvla. TiToeul SekiTxvaze pasuxi

Sefasda qulobrivi maCvenebeliT 0-3 imisda mixedviT, Tu ramdenad Sesabamisia

mocemuli pasuxi axal meTodebTan. qulebi Sejamda ToToeuli kiTxvaris mixedviT

da gaiyo im kiTxvebis raodenobaze, romelsac maswavlebelma pasuxi gasca. maRali

qulobrivi maCvenebeli miuTiTebs, rom maswavlebeli praqtikaSi iyenebs aqtiuri

swavlebis meTodebs. yvela maswavleblisaTvis saSualo qula Seadgens 1.71-s (0.7-2.5-is

farglebSi) da standartuli gadaxra mxolod 0.28-s. aqedan gamomdinare maswavleblebi

axal meTodebs saSualod TveSi 1-3-jer an metjer iyeneben. erTaderTi gansxvaveba,

romelic maswavlebelTa pasuxebSi gamoikveTa (90% sandoobis doneze) warmoadgens

SedarebiT maRali qulebi maswavleblebisaTvis ramdenime wlis samuSao gamocdilebiT

da dabali qulebi maswavleblebisaTvis, romlebic didi zomis klasebTan muSaoben.

magram, mocemuli statistikuri gansxvaveba umniSvneloa. (ixileT, cxrili 3-41).

meti informaciis mosapoveblad, kvlevis farglebSi Catarda saklaso oTaxze

dakvirveba da erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da Sefasebis centris mier Catarebuli

kvlevis angariSis (2005-2006 weli) Seswavla. qvemoT warmodgenilia centris

angariSis monacemebi axali meTodebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT da saklaso

oTaxze dakvirvebis Sedegebi.

erovnuli saswavlo centris angariSis mixedviT, maswavleblebi da moswavleebi

pozitiurad arian ganwyobili saskolo reformis procesebis mimarT da imedovneben,

rom reforma swavlis da swavlebis procesSi mraval saixles danergavs. kerZod,

gaumjobesdeba maswavleblis saxelmZRvaneloebi, moswavleebi iqnebian ufro metad

motivirebulebi, skolebi SedarebiT prestiJuli gaxdeba da a.S. miuxedavad amisa,

maswavleblebi da moswavleebi Tvlian, rom axali meTodebis SezRuduli gamoyeneba

praqtikaSi jer kidev mniSnelovani problemaa. maswavleblebis 48% da moswavleebis

36% Tvlis, rom swavlebis axali meTodika ar iTvaliswinebs TiToeuli sagnis

specifikas da gakveTilis miznebs.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis da Sefasebis centris mier mimdinare etapze Catarebuli

kvlevis Sedegebi miuTiTebs, rom Semcirda didaqtikuri da monologis tipis swavlebis

meTodebis gamoyeneba da garkveulwilad gaizarda swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyeneba.

2006 wlis angariSis mixedviT, swavlebis didaqtikuri meTodiT Seswavlili klasebis

37% sargeblobda. ,,socialuri” meTodebi, anu sokratuli, praqtikaze orientirebuli

sagakveTilo procesi da damoukidebeli samuSao xorcieldeboda klasebis 17, 12, 11

da 10%-Si 2006 wlis monacemebiT. kvleva miuTiTebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis

gamoyenebis efeqturobis gaumjobebsebaze 2006 wels 2005 wlis SedegebTan SedarebiT.


cxrili 3-41: swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebis sixSiris indeqsi


Ti an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola �.69-�.09 0.293

soflis skola �.7�

maRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTiani raioni �.72

0.63 0.54�

aramaRalmTaiani raioni �.70

qalaqis skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola �.69

�.20 0.247soflis skola �.72

maRalmTiani raionis skola �.7�

soflis aramaRalmTiani raionis skola �.72

maRalmTiani raionis skola �.7�

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola �.74�.�2 0.28�

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola �.70

skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis




�.69

-0.75 0.465�.7�





ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola (training school)ganviTarebis treningebSi CarTuli skola



�.74

�.�2 0.28��.70

50 wlis an naklebi �.700.53 0.605

51 wlis an meti �.7�

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba �.67�.80 0.092

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba �.7�

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli �.70�.49 0.�58

saSualo an orive �.73

klasis zoma 25 an meti �.72-�.79 0.094

klasis zoma 24-ze naklebi �.68


rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, warmodgenili angariSebis mixedviT TiTqmis yvela

maswavlebeli iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs klasSi iSviaTad mainc, xolo 52%

respodenti maswavleblebisa _ TiTqmis yvela klasSi. gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom

maswavleblebi SesaZloa azviadebnen meTodebis gamoyenebis sixSires. moswavleebis

gamokiTxva, erT-erTi saSualebaa maswavlebelTa pasuxebis sandoobis Sesamowmeblad,

rac am SemTxvevaSi ver ganxorcielda drois simciris gamo. amasTanave, mocemuli

martivi kiTxvebiT SeuZlebelia Sefasdes, Tu ramdenad efeqturad xorcieldeba

aqtiuri swavlebis procesi saklaso oTaxSi. Tumca, maswavlebelTa kiTxvaris

Sedegebi miuTiTebs respodenti maswavleblebis dadebiT damokidebulebaze aqtiuri

swavlebis meTodebis mimarT wina reformis periodTan SedarebiT.

kvlevisaTvis gansazRvruli dro ar gvaZlevda kadrebisaTvis treningebis Catarebis

saSualebas sagakveTilo procesze siRrmiseuli dakvirvebis gansaxorcieleblad.

erovnuli gegmebis da Sefasebis centris mier Catarebuli kvleva klasebis mcire

raodenobaze dakvirvebiT Semoifargla. amgvarad, ar gvaqvs ganzogadebis saSualebas.

amitom, mimdinare kvlevis farglebSi ganxorcielda 15 wuTiani dakvirveba saklaso

oTaxze, raTa mogveZiebina monacemebi saklaso oTaxis garemoze, damatebiT saswavlo

masalebze, saxelmZRvaneloebis xelmisawvdomobaze da a.S.. respodentTa pasuxebis

anonimurobis dacvis mizniT, saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis monacemebi ar aris

dakavSirebuli respodenti maswavleblebis pasuxebTan da ar gamodgeba calkeuli

maswavleblisa Tu skolis Sesafaseblad.

saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis forma moicavs moswavleebis 15 da maswavleblis

4 tipis saqmianobas gakveTilis mimdinareobisas. amasTanave, saklaso oTaxis

organizaciuli mowyobis aRwerilobas. damkvirvebeli Semoxazavda Sesabamis punqts,

raTa daefiqsirebina esa Tu is moqmedeba saklaso oTaxSi. saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis

formaSi gaerTianebulia 11 tipis saqmianoba, romelic gulisxmobs swavlebis

tradiciuli meTodebis gamoyenebas da 12 tipis saqmianoba, romelic Seesabameba

swavlebis axal meTodebs; erTic, neitraluri (moswavleebi weren tests).

saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebis gamosayeneblad aqtivobis farTo speqtri. rac Seexeba saklaso oTaxis

mowyobas, klasebis mxolod 16% aris aqtiuri swavlebisaTvis saTanadod organizebuli.

kerZod, moswavleebi sxedan erTamaneTis pirispir, wreSi an naxevar wreSi.

cxrili: 3-42 saklaso oTaxis mowyoba

saklaso oTaxis mowyoba

klasebis %

raodenoba

romelzec

dakvirveba

ganxorcielda



merxebi ganlagebulia rigebad (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

74 67 8�

skamebi/magidebi ganlagebulia wriulad erTmaneTis pirispir (aqtiuri)

7 4 �0

skamebi ganlagebulia didi magidis garSemo erTmaneTis pirispir (aqtiuri)

3 � 6

skamebi ganlagebulia did wred an rkaliseburi formiT (aqtiuri)

6 � �0


Sefasebis angariSSi warmodgenilia calke dajamebuli meTodebi da klasis mowyobis formebi aqtiuri swavlebisaTvis da Sesabamisi indikatorebi pasiuri swavlebisaTvis. saSualod maswavleblebi metad iyeneben pasiuri swavlebis formebs, vidre aqtiurs. magram, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom saklaso oTaxebi tradiciuladaa mowyobili, maSin didi gansxvaveba pasiur da aqtiur meTodebis gamoyenebas Soris ar arsebobs, radgan saklaso oTaxis organizaciuli mowyoba ver uzrunvelyobs Sesabamis garemos. dakvirvebis Sedegebis mixedviT, ar gamokveTila mkveTri Tanafardoba aqtiur da pasiur meTodebs Soris, garda qvemoTmoyvanili ori garemoebisa: moswavleebi pasuxoben maswavleblis SekiTxvebs, Tu ra mosazreba aqvT Seswavlili masalis Sesaxeb, rogor gaiazres masala, ra daimaxsovres (0.48); maswavlebeli atarebs leqciis tipis gakveTils (wers dafaze an saubrobs) da svams SekiTxvebs mocemul saganSi moswavleebis zogadi codnis Sesamowmeblad (0.33).

cxrili 3-43: moswavleebis saqmianoba gakveTilze

saqmianoba

klasebis %

raodenoba

romelzec

dakvirveba

ganxorcielda



24 �4 33

moswavleebi jgufurad pasuxoben maswavleblis SekiTxvebze / TiToeuli moswavle CarTulia gakveTilis procesSi da mxolod gamoZaxebis SemTxvevaSi pasuxoben maswavleblis SekiTxvebs (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

32 �9 46

moswavleebi usmenen gakveTils (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

�4 9 �8

moswavleebi iweren SeniSvnebs gakveTilis msvlelobisas, damoukideblad asruleben praqtikul samuSaoebs. (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

2� 9 33

individualurad, uxmaurod muSaoben (weren/kiTxuloben) (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

20 �2 28

gamoZaxebuli moswavle xmamaRla kiTxulobs Sesabamis davalebas/teqsts.

(tradiciuli/pasiuri)

25 �6 34

moswavleebi teqstis damaxsovrebasTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs scemen pasuxs (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

�5 9 20

moswavleebi usvamen maswavlebels SekiTxvebs sagakveTilo TematikasTan dakavSirebiT. (aqtiuri)

6 4 9

moswavleebi weren tests. 39 9 60

moswavleebi muSaoben wyvilebad. (aqtiuri) 2� 9 33

moswavleebi muSaoben jgufebad (3-8 moswavle erTad. (aqtiuri)

20 �2 28

teqstis azrobriv gagebasTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs scemen pasuxs. (aqtiuri)

25 �6 34

sruldeba saklaso TamaSebi (aqtiuri) �5 9 20moswavleebi asruleben rolur TamaSebs. (aqtiuri)

6 4 9

moswavle awyobs prezentacias/saubrobs mTeli klasis winaSe. (aqtiuri)

39 �8 60

N=484


cxrili 3-44: saklaso oTaxze dakvirvebisas dafiqsirebuli maswavleblis

aqtivobebi

saqmianoba

klasebis %

raodenoba

romelzec

dakvirveba

ganxorcielda



maswavlebeli atarebs leqciis tipis gakveTils (wers dafaze an laparakobs). (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

45 35 56

maswavlebeli amowmebs moswavleebis samuSaos/saSinao davlebas sakuTar magidaze. (tradiciuli/pasiuri)

22 �2 33

maswavlebeli amowmebs moswavleebis samuSaos/saSinao davalebas maT merxebTan. (aqtiuri)

30 �8 42

xdeba eqsperimentebis demonstrireba. (aqtiuri)

86 82 95

svams SekiTxvebs mocemul saganSi moswavleebis zogadi codnis Sesamowmeblad. (aqtiuri)

82 73 9�

N=484

cxrili 3-45: aqtiuri da pasiuri swavlebis indikatorebis indeqsebi

klasebze dakvirvebis

Sedegad gamovlenili

pasiuri da aqtiuri

indikatorebis

indeqsebi

maswavleblebis % maCvenebeli,

romlebic pasiuri swavlebis

meTodebiT sargebloben

indeqsis qula

maswavleblebis %

maCvenebeli, romlebic

aqtiuri swavlebis

meTodebiT sargebloben

indeqsis qula

0 9 ��

1 2 �5

2 9 �8

3 �7 2�

4 25 �4

5 �5 �4

6 �2 4

7 9 3

8 � 0

9 0 0

10 0 0

sul �00 �00

N=484


cxrilSi 3-46 warmodgenilia ,,sufTa/wminda” indeqsi, romelic Seadgens TiToeul

klasSi dakvirvebis Sedegad gamovlenili yvela aqtiuri indikatoris jams

gamoklebuli yvela, tradiciuli, pasiuri indikatori. saSualo qula Seadgens -

1.1-s, an 1.1. es niSnavs, rom pasiuri meTodebis gamoyenebis tendencia ufro Zlieria,

vidre aqtiurisa. maswavlebelTa sxvadasxva kategoriebis Sedareba miuTiTebs, rom

dawyebiTi safexuris da mTiani raionebis skolebis maswavlebelebi metad iyeneben

tradiciuli, pasiuri swavlebis meTodebs, vidre maswavleblebi sxva kategoriebidan

(ixileT, cxrili). am monacemebze dayrdnobiT SesaZloa ufro siRrmiseuli kvlevis

Catareba.

xrili 3-46: kombinirebuli aqtiuri meTodebis ,,sufTa” indeqsi klasebze dakvirvebis Sedegad

gamovlenili pasiuri da aqtiuri

indikatorebis indeqsebi

kombinirebuli aqtiuri meTodebis ,,sufTa~

indeqsi

(pasiuri meTodebis gamoklebiT)

-6 �

-5 �

-4 9

-3 �3

-2 �6

-1 �8

0 22

1 9

2 4

3 �

4 �

5 2

6 0

Total �00

N=484


cxrili 3-47: kombinirebuli aqtiuri meTodebis ,,sufTa” indeqsi kategoriebis

mixedviT

respodentebis kategoria diaxTi an χ2

cvladialbaToba

qalaqis skola -�.49-�.09 0.292

soflis skola -0.94

aramaRalmTiani raionis skola -0.85-2.23 0.04�

maRalmTiani raionis skola -�.95

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola -�.95-0.35 0.733

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola -�.05

skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis




-�.37

-0.77 0.45�-0.99





-�.40

-0.77 0.45�-0.99

saSualo an orive safexuri -0.8�-2.�6 0.047

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli -�.38

maTematika, mecnierebebebi, sainformacio teqnologiebi -�.�8

0.82 0.426qaRtli ena an sxva enebi -�.3�

istoria, socialuri mecnierebebi, xelovneba -0.77

skolis zoma _ mcirekontigentiani:<100 moswavle -�.54

0.82 0.424skolis zoma - saSualo: 100-750 moswavle -0.90

skolis zoma maRalkontigentiani:>750 moswavle -�.46

skolis zoma < 555 -�.05-0.23 0.822

skolis zoma > 555 -�.�7

soflis, aramaRalmTiani -0.68

soflis, maRalmTiani -�.80

3.2.2 respodentebis mzaoba da damokidebuleba axali

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mimarT

zogadad, respodenti maswavleblebi da direqtorebi icnoben erovnul saswavlo

gegmas da dadebiTi damokidebuleba aqvT. isini gamoxataven mzaobas aswavlon

axali sagnobrivi programebi da Tvlian, rom es cvlilebebi saSualebas miscems

maswavleblebs imuSaon sxvadasxva donis moswavleebTan, xolo moswavleebs

damoukideblad Seasrulon samuSao. miuxedavad amisa, Sefasebis jgufi mizanSewonilad

miiCnevs maswavleblebisaTvis Sesabamisi treningebis ciklis organizebas.

��ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

gamokiTxuli maswavleblebi sapilote skolebidan icnoben saswavlo gegmas

da dadebiTad afaseben axal gegmasa da saxelmZRvaneloebs, Tumca arseboben

gamonaklisebic. maswavleblebi motivirebulia gauziaros axali saswavlo gegmis

warmatebuli praqtikis magaliTebi sxva maswavleblebs.

kiTxvarebiT miRebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, respodent maswavleblebsa da

direqtorebs dadebiTi damokidebuleba aqvT axali saswavlo gegmisadmi. direqtorebis

97% dadebiTad afasebs axali saswavlo gegmas Zvel saswavlo gegmasTan SedarebiT.

maswavleblebis 70% Tvlis, rom axali saswavlo gegma ukeTesia aqtiuri swavlebis

dasanergad da kritikuli azrovnebis unar-Cvevebis gansaviTareblad (ixileT,

cxrili 3-48).

cxrili 3-48: maswavleblebis damokidebuleba axali saswavlo gegmis mimarT

(yvela maswavlebeli)




axali ukeTesia 70 64 77

daaxloebiT erTi da igivea 16 12 21

Zveli ukeTesi iyo 13 10 16

sul �00

N=697

respodenti maswavleblebis SedarebiT maRali procentuli maCvenebeli soflis

da maRalmTiani raionebis skolebidan (72% da 83%) Tvlis, rom axali saswavlo gegma

ukeTesia amave mosazrebas iziarebs procentulad SedarebiT naklebi respodenti

qalaqis skolebidan (65%). mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ar gamokveTila

maswavleblebis damokidebulebaSi axali saswavlo gegmis mimarT, imisda mixedviT,

warmoadgendnen isini sapilote Tu arasapilote skolebs. saSualo skolis

maswavleblebs ufro dadebiTi damokidebuleba aqvT axali saswavlo gegmis mimarT,

vidre dawyebiTi klasebis maswavleblebs.


cxrili 3-49: maswavleblebis damokidebuleba axali saswavlo gegmisadmi

(kategoriebis mixedviT)

respodentebis kategoria axali

ukeTesia

daaxloebiT

erTi da igivea

Zveli

ukeTesi

iyo

χ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 65 20 �59.80 0.0�6

soflis skola 76 �2 �2

maRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTiani raioni 70 �4 �6

0.42 0.798aramaRalmTaiani raioni 70 �7 �3

qalaqis skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola 65 20 �4

�3.62 0.�06soflis skola 72 �3 �4

maRalmTiani raionis skola 83 �0 7

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 73 �4 �30.�0 0.956

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 70 �7 �3

skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli




70 �6 �3

0.0� 0.998

7� �6 �3

40 wlis an naklebi 74 �7 95.5� 0.038

40 wlis an meti 68 �6 �5

50 wlis an naklebi 74 �6 �0��.22 0.0�9

51 wlis an meti 64 �7 �9

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 78 �3 95.57 0.079

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 68 �7 �4

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli 68 �8 �49.83 0.027

saSualo an orive 8� �� 8


gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi56 24 20

3�.96 0.002aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/

iSviaTad gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi77 �3 �0





66 �9 �5

6.54 0.057

75 �4 ��


respodenti maswavleblebi dadebiTad afaseben axali saswavlo gegmis struqturas.

TiTqmis yvela respodenti (81%) Tvlis, rom gegma Seesabameba swavlis da swavlebis

procesis saWiroebebs. dadebiTi pasuxebi SedarebiT dabalia (69%) axali saswavlo

gegmis konkretulobasTan dakavSirebiT. maswavleblebi, romlebic xSirad mimarTaven

swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebas Tvlian, rom axali saswavlo gegma sakmarisad

konkretulia (75%). xolo, TiTqmis naxevari im respodenti maswavleblebisa (44%),

romelic ar iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs, axal saswavlo gegmas an Zalzed

bundovnad miiCnevs an zedmetad konkretulad. mosazrebebi axali saswavlo gegmis

bundovanebasa Tu konkretulobasTan dakavSirebiT Tanabradaa gayofili, anu am

mosazrebaTagan arcerTi ar dominirebs.

cxrili 3-50: axali saswavlo gegma Zalian bundovania, Zalian konkretulia Tu

Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs?




Zalian bundovania 17 13 20

konkretuli 14 10 18

moTxovnebis Sesabamisia 69 64 74

sul 100

Note: N=693


cxrili 3-51: saswavlo gegma Zalian bundovania, Zalian konkretulia Tu Seefereba

Tqvens moTxovnebs?

respodentebis kategoria Zalian

bundovaniakonkretuli

moTxovnebs

Seesabameba

χ2

cvladialbaToba

qalaqis skola �5 �5 7��.�997 0.65�

soflis skola �8 �4 68

maRalmTiani raioni �7 �4 690.93 0.653

aramaRalmTaiani raioni �5 09 76

qalaqis skola

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola �8 �4 69

�.49 0.833soflis skola �5 �4 70maRalmTiani raionis skola �3 �5 72

maRalmTiani raionis skola �5 �4 700.35

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raionis skola �3 �5 72

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola �7 �4 692.�9 0.362

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 8 �0 82





treningebSi

�7 �3 70

0.52 0.808

�6 �5 69




�7 �3 70

0.32 0.869arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia



�6 �5 69

40 wlis an naklebi �3 �3 755.44 0.097

40 wlis an meti �9 �5 67

50 wlis an naklebi �7 �2 7�3.02 0.269

51 wlis an meti �6 �7 6710 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba �6 �� 73

�.59 0.40011 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba �7 �5 68

dawyebiTi an orive safexuriP �7 �4 69�.27 0.49�

dawyebiTi safexuri mxolod �3 �5 7�

mecnierebebi/maTematika 2� �5 63 ��.65 0.�70humanitaruli mecnierebebi �8 �6 66

dawyebiTi klasebi 8 8 83

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi xSirad gamoiyeneba

praqtikaSi30 �3 56

4�.67 0.003aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/iSviaTad

gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi�� 4 75



aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba iSviaTad

an arasdros

�7 �6 67�.67 0.390

�6 �2 72


cxrili 3-52: axali saswavlo gegma zedmet Tavisuflebas gaZlevT, Zalian

gzRudavT Tu Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs? (yvela maswavlebeli)


95% sandoobi intervali


zedmet Tavisuflebas gaZlevT �2 09 �5

Zalian gzRudavT 07 05 09

Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs 8� 77 86

sul �00

Note: N=690


cxrili 3-53: axali saswavlo gegma zedmet Tavisuflebas gaZlevT, Zalian

gzRudavT Tu Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs? (kategoriebis mixedviT)

respodentebis kategoria zedmetad

Tavisufali

zedmetad

SezRuduli

Sesabamisi χ2 cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola �2 7 8�0.54 0.802

soflis skola �� 2 83maRalmTiani raioni


aramaRalmTaiani raioni

soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raonis skola

�6 2 8�2.08 0.435

�� 7 82�2 8 8�

3.93 0.357soflis skola �0 6 84maRalmTiani raionis skola �6 5 79maRalmTiani raionis skola �0 6 84

3.64soflis magram aramaRalmTiani raionis skola �6 5 79axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola 06 02 92

2.�6 0.287axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola �2 07 8�





�� 08 8�2.46 0.353

�2 05 83

sapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia monawileoba


treningebSi

�� 08 80

2.06 0.4�4arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia



�2 05 83

40 wlis an naklebi 08 04 889.98 0.��

40 wlis an meti �4 08 7850 wlis an naklebi �� 06 83

2.35 0.4�9651 wlis an meti �3 08 7910 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba 09 05 86

3.44 0.35911 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba �2 08 80dawyebiTi an orive safexuri �3 07 80

3.2� 0.348dawyebiTi safexuri mxolod 07 07 86mecnierebebi/maTematika �2 �0 78

2.72 0.492humanitaruli mecnierebebi �� 7 82dawyebiTi klasebi 7 7 86

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi xSirad gamoiyeneba

praqtikaSi�8 �0 72

�8.6 0.0�3aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/iSviaTad

gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi09 06 86



aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyeneba iSviaTad an

arasdros

�2 5 820.9� 0.657

�2 7 8�


fokusjgufebSi monawile maswavleblebis azriT, saswavlo gegmis treningebi

da miRebuli masala efeqturia da daexmara maT axali saswavlo gegmis da

Tanamedrove meTodologiis ukeTesad gaazrebaSi. maswavleblebma aRniSnes, rom

treningebze miRebuli masalebis aslebi daurigdaT dainteresebul pedagogebs,

rac agreTve axali saswavlo gegmis ukeTesad ganxorcielebis erT-erTi pirobaa.

SedarebiT farTo ganzogadebis mizniT, analogiuri SekiTxva davusviT respodent

maswavleblebs kiTxvarSi. maswavlebelTa damokidebuleba Tanabrad gaiyo _ 53%

Tvlis, rom treningebze warmodgenili aqtiuri swavlebisa da jgufuri muSaobis

Sefasebis magaliTebi da nimuSebi sakmarisia, an sakmarisze metia, maSin, rodesac

47% (cxrilSi mocemuli maCveneblebi damrgvalebulia) met-naklebad sakmarisad, an

arasakmarisad miiCnevs. maRali procentuli maCvenebeli ,,met-naklebad sakmarisi’’

kategorias ekuTvnis.

cxrili 3-54: ramdenad informatiuli/amomwuravia TqvenTvis mowodebuli aqtiuri

swavlebisa/jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis magaliTebi da nimuSebi


95% sandoobi intervali


Zalian arasakmarisi 9 6 �2

metnaklebad arasakmarisi 37 30 45

sakmarisi 52 44 60

sakmarisze meti � 0 2

sul �00

N=657


cxrili 3-55: ramdenad informatiuli/amomwuravia TqvenTvis mowodebuli aqtiuri

swavlebis/jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis magaliTebi da nimuSebi

respodentis kategoriaZalian

arasakmarisi

met-naklebad

arasakmarisisakmarisi

sakmarisze

meti

Ti an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola 8 34 56 0 3.57 0.62�

qalaqis skola �0 40 49 �

maRalmTiani raioni 6 38 56 0 �.0� 0.647

aramaRalmTiani raioni �0 37 52 �

qalaqis skola �0 40 49 � 9.42 0.44�soflis skola �0 32 57 0

maRalmTiani raionis skola 3 40 56 �

axali saswavlo gegmis sapilote skola �0 34 57 00.49 0.884

axali saswavlo gegmis arasapilote skola 9 37 52 �

skolis-bazaze maswavlebelTa profesiuli




treningebSi

8 40 50 �

4.58 0.286



treningebSi

�� 34 55 0

sapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia



8 40 5� �

4.03 0.3�6arasapilote skola an skolas ar miuRia



�� 34 55 0

50 wlis an naklebi 7 38 53 �5.56 0.239

51 wlis an meti �3 36 50 0

10 an naklebi swavlebis gamocdileba �0 39 50 �5.82 0.259

11 an meti swavlebis gamocdileba 8 30 60 2

dawyebiTi safexuris maswavlebeli �0 36 53 �2.73 0.603

saSualo an orive 8 4� 5� 0

klasis zoma 25 an meti �2 35 5� � 3.35 0.588

klasis zoma 24-ze naklebi 8 38 53 0


gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi9 33 57 �

�9.76 0.034aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi saSualod/

iSviaTad gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi�� 48 4� 0





7 34 58 05.63 0.285


iSviaTad an arasdros�� 39 49 �


cxrili 3-56. ramdenad damakmayofilebelia mosamzadebel masalebSi mocemuli magaliTebi da

modelebi interaqtiuli swavlis principebiT da axali saswavlo gegmiT swavlebisTvis (maswavleblebis

forma 1. S. 38b)

pasuxi savaraudo procentuli maCvenebeli

95%-iani sarwmunoobis intervali


Zalian arasakmarisi 7 5 10

ramdenadme arasakmarisi 41 36 46

sakmarisi 50 44 56

sakmarisze meti 1 0 2

sul 100

N=654


cxrili 3-57. ramdenad damakmayofilebelia mosamzadebel masalebSi mocemuli magaliTebi da

modelebi aqtiuri swavlis principebiT da axali saswavlo gegmiT swavlebisTvis? (maswavleblebis

forma 1. S.38b)

respondentis kategoriaZalian

arasakmarisi

ramdenadme

arasakmarisisakmarisi

sakmarisze

meti

t an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

59

4340

5150

11

4.07 0.364

maRalmaRalmTiani raioni

aramaRalmTianiraioni

67

3442

6050

01

1.48 0.514

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

skola mTian regionSi

963

404339

505057

110

6.23 0.546

saswavlo gegmebis sapilote skola

arasapilote skola

58

5341

4251

00

1.65 0.706

maswavleblebis treningebi skolis bazaze

skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

78

4438

4854

11

3.85 0.300

sapilote skola an skola Treningebi

skolis bazazeT

ara-sapilote an ara-saskolo

maswavlebelTa treningi

7

8

44

38

48

54

1

12.95 0.389

50 wlis an ufro axalgazrda

51 wlis an ufro asakiani

610

4339

5149

02

12.22 0.019

11 an meti wlis staJi

10 an naklebi wlis staJi

87

4531

4761

01

9.42 0.126

dawyebiTi klasebis maswavlebeli

saSualos an orives maswavlebeli

86

4239

4954

10

2.07 0.643

moswavleTa raodenoba 25 an meti

moswavleTa raodenoba 24 an naklebi

106

3744

5249

01

8.58 0.070

axali masalebis gamoyeneba bevr/yvela

klasSi

axali masalebis gamoyeneba ramdenime/

arcerT klasSi

710

3850

5440

1 0

13.68 0.108

axali masalebis xSiri gamoyeneba

axali masalebis iSviaTi an saSualo

gamoyeneba

77

3842

5549

11

1.99 0.645

yvela gamokiTxulma maswavlebelma aRniSna, rom sagnebis axali programiT

swavlebisTvis aucilebelia gakveTilebis yoveldRiuri dagegmva. zogadad,

maswavleblebi Tvlian, rom 2007 wlis akademiuri wlis bolos sagnebis axali

saswavlo gegmiT swavlebisTvis mzad arian. gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom am periodisTvis,

maswavleblebis umetesoba (77%) fiqrobda, rom “sakmaod kargad” iyo momzadebuli,

xolo ramdenime maswavlebelma aRniSna, rom isini “Zalian kargad” iyvnen momzadebuli.

qalaqis skolis maswavleblebi SedarebiT metad momzadebulad grZnoben Tavs

sagnebis axali programiT swavlebisaTvis. kvlevam ver daadgina monacemebis

WeSmariteba, radgan SesaZlebelia dadebiTi pasuxi SekiTxvis formulirebidan

gamomdinareobda.


cxrili 3-58. ramdenad mzad xarT aswavloT sagnebi axali programiT? yvela maswavlebeli

(maswavleblebis forma 1. S.9)




saerTod ar var mzad 01 0 1

metnaklebad mzad var 11 07 11

sakmaod kargad 77 70 84

Zalian kargad 12 07 16

sul 100

SeniSvna: jamuri raodenoba aRemateba 100-s damrgvalebis gamo N=703

cxrili 3-59. ramdenad mzad xarT aswavloT sagnebi axali programiT? kategoriebis mixedviT

(maswavleblebis forma 1. S.9)

respondentis kategoria

saerTod

ar var

mzad

metnaklebad

mzad var

sakmarisad

kargad

Zalian

kargad

t an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

01

715

7777

159

18.95 0.044

maRalmTiani raioni


00

1610

7577

912

1.62 0.620

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


100

71023

778363

15614

36.30 0.208


skola mTian regionSi an sofelSi

00

2210

6383

146

18.63 0.086


arasapilote skola

01

611

7977

1412

0.83 0.909



10

1013

7974

1113

5.76 0.503



10

911

7678

1411

2.10 0.746



10

127

7482

1310

7.63 0.180



20

911

7677

1311

13.57 0.172



10

1110

7779

1211

1.24 0.780

mecnierebebi/maTematika

humanitari

dawyebiTi

200

768

768085

14147

8.92 0.283

axali masalebis iSviaTi an saSualo

gamoyeneba


10

127

7480

1212

6.57 0.169

axali masalebis gamoyeneba bevr/yvela klasSi

axali masalebis gamoyeneba ramdenime/arcerT

klasSi

01

718

7777

154

31.72 0.002


maswavleblebi aRniSnaven, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi orientirebulia

saswavlo masalisa da praqtikuli davalebebis integrirebaze. reformamdel

periodTan SedarebiT dRes moswavleebs damoukideblad muSaobis meti SesaZlebloba

aqvT. maswavleblebi aseve aRniSnaven, rom gansxvavebuli akademiuri moswrebis

moswavleebis gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi ufro metad TanamSromloben. axali saswavlo

gegma, aseve, interaqtiuri gakveTilis Catarebis saSualebas iZleva. kiTxvaze, Tu

ramdenad utovebs axali saswavlo gegma maswavleblebs arCevanis Tavisuflebas,

maswavlebelTa umetesobam upasuxa, rom axali saswavlo gegma garkveulwilad aZlevs

maT arCevanis Tavisuflebas. aRsaniSnavia, rom arCevanis Tavisulebas ufro grZnoben

sapilote skolebis da im klasebis maswavleblebi, sadac 24 an naklebi moswavlea.

cxrili 3-60. ramdenad aZlevs axali saswavlo gegma skolebs da maswavleblebs Tavisufali

arCevnis saSualebas? yvela maswavlebeli (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.12)




mcire Tavisuflebas 7 5 9

cotaoden Tavisuflebas 63 59 67

did Tavisuflebas 30 26 34

sul 100

SeniSvna: N=694


cxrili 3-61. ramdenad aZlevs axali saswavlo gegma skolebs da maswavleblebs Tavisufali

arCevnis saSualebas? kategoriebis mixedviT (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.12)

respondentis kategoriamcire

Tavisuflebas

cotaoden

Tavisuflebas

did

Tavisuflebas

t an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

85

5770

3525

12.46 0.0798

maRalmTiani raioni


73

6365

3033

1.09 0.416

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


870

576577

352823

17.39 0.125


skola mTian regionSi an sofelSi

70

6577

2823

9.68


arasapilote skola

27

2565

7329

25.36 0.007

maswavleblebis treningebi skolis

bazaze

skola maswavlebelTa treningis

gareSe

7

6

6363

3031

1.00 0.713

sapilote skola an skola Treningebi

skolis bazazeT

arasapilote an arasaskolo

maswavlebelTa treningi

7

6

62

64

30

300.68 0.778



86

5965

3329

2.73 0.286



85

6167

3128

2..75 0.272



96

5964

3230

2.43 0.295



68

6460

3032

0.64 0.824


humanitari

dawyebiTi

854

626559

313037

2.98 0.656

moswavleTa raodenoba 24 an naklebi

moswavleTa raodenoba 25 an meti

510

6854

2736

16.44 0.038

ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad, ganaTlebis sistemis erT-erTi mizania

yvela moswavlisTvis, swavlis donisa da SesaZleblobebis miuxedavad, swavlebis

Tanabari pirobebis Seqmna. gansxvavebiT sabWoTa sistemisgan, romelic ZiriTadad

saukeTeso moswavleebze iyo orientirebuli. winamdebare kvlevis farglebSi es

sakiTxic Sefasda gamokiTxvis meSveobiT. maswavleblebis 61% Tvlis, rom axali

saswavlo gegma yvela moswavlis saswavlo procesSi Tanabari CarTvis saSualebas

iZleva. maswavleblebis 24% Tvlis, rom saswavlo gegma saSualo da maRali

donis moswavleebzea gaTvlili, xolo maswavleblebis 16% Tvlis, rom saswavlo

gegma dabali da saSualo donis moswavleebis Sesaferisia. pasuxebi gviCvenebs,

rom aucilebelia maswavlebeli moemzados gansxvavebuli donis moswavleebiT

dakompleqtebul klasSi swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebisTvis. gamokiTxvam aCvena,

rom maswavleblebi maRalmTiani regionebidan iseve, rogorc sapilote skolebis


da axalgazrda asakis maswavleblebi, Tvlian, rom axali saswavlo gegma yvela

donis moswavlis saWiroebebs iTvaliswinebs. sainteresoa, rom gamokiTxvis Sedegad,

gansxvavebebi ar gamovlenila qalaqis da soflis skolebs, an sxvadasxva klasisa da

sagnis maswavleblebs Soris.

cxrili 3-62. rogori donis moswavleebis Tanasworad swavlebaa SesaZlebeli

mocemuli saswavlo gegmiT? (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.13)

pasuxi procentuli

maCvenebeli



saSualo donis an Zlieri moswavleebis 24 18 30

saSualo donis an susti moswavleebis 26 12 19

yvela donis moswavlis 61 55 66

sul 100

SeniSvna: N=696

cxrili 3-63. ra donis moswavleebis Tanasworad swavlebaa SesaZlebeli mocemuli

saswavlo gegmiT? (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.13)


saSualo donis

an Zlieri

moswavleebis

saSualo

donis an

susti

moswavleebis

yvela

donis

moswavlis

t an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

2225

1715

6160

1.147 0.702

maRalmTiani raioni


1224

1116

7760

4.40 0.158

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


223114

171415

615570

12.06 0.131


arasapilote skola

1424

0116

8560

8.26 0.018

treningebi skolis bazaze maswavleblebisTvis


2325

1516

6259

0.90 0.712



1926

919

7155

20.67 0.001



2228

1517

6355

4.47 0.223



1826

1117

7157

10.75 0.021



2422

1615

6063

0.50 0.823


humanitari

dawyebiTi

212520

211113

596467

6.20 0.309

Sefaseba miznad isaxavda daedgina, Tu ramdenad iyenebdnen skolebi saswavlo

gegmaSi dasaSveb 25%-ian moqnilobis zRvars axleburi saswavlo programebis


dasanergad, rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia kanonis farglebSi. magaliTad, zogierT

qveyanaSi warmoiSva magnituri skolebis idea, romelTac eqnebodaT specifikuri

akademiuri fokusi. zogadad, dadginda, rom skolebi motivirebuli arian moswavleebs

SesTavazon saganmanaTleblo programebis mravalferovneba erovnuli saswavlo

gegmis farglebSi. es niSnavs, rom skolebs potenciurad SeuZliaT SemoqmedebiTad

miudgnen saswavlo gegmis ganviTarebas. erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da Sefasebis

centris direqtorma aRniSna, rom dReisTvis skolebi moqnilobas iyeneben mxolod

imitom, rom mxari dauWiron skolaSi arsebul yvelaze Zlier programebs. direqtorebis

gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom SesaZlebelia dainergos programebis gacilebiT didi

mravalferovneba, vidre dReisTvis arsebobs. skolebis 44% acxadebs, rom isini

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis farglebSi sxva skolebisgan gansxvavebul programebs

sTavazoben moswavleebs, Tumca cxadia, naklebad savaraudoa es sando sazomi iyos.2

rogorc mosalodneli iyo, qalaqis skolebi ufro metad mravalferovan programebs

sTavazoben moswavleebs, vidre soflis skolebi. es faqti urbanul adgilebSi

geografiulad axlos mdebare skolebs Soris maRali konkurenciis Sedegia.

sabaziso monacemebis uqonlobis gamo, ver dadginda es cvlilebaa Tu tradiciuli

tendencia.

3.2.4. damabrkolebeli pirobebi

treningTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garda, programis zusti Sefasebis mizniT,

kvlevis farglebSi ganixiles sxva damatebiTi damabrkolebeli pirobebi, romlebic

maswavleblebs axali meTodebis gamoyenebaSi uSlis xels. rogorc aRmoCnda, yvelaze

gavrcelebuli xelisSemSleli pirobaa teqnikuri saSualebebisa da masalebis

simcire, iseve, rogorc gakveTilis mokle xangrZlivoba, drois simcire, moswavleTa

didi raodenoba klasSi, direqtorisa da sxva maswavleblebis mxridan araxelsayreli

garemos Seqmna da naklebi xelSewyoba.

gamokiTxuli maswavleblebis 64% aRniSna, rom aqtiuri swavlebis ZiriTadi

xelisSemSeleli garemoebaa teqnikuri saSualebebis da resursebis nakleboba. es

probleba sxva reformatori ganviTarebadi qveynebisTvisac aris damaxasiaTebeli.

paradoqsulia, rom gamokiTxvis farglebSi qalaqis skolebis maswavleblebi ufro

metad grZnoben teqnikuri saSualebebis da masalebis simcires, vidre soflis

da mTiani regionebis maswavleblebi. Tumca aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom pasuxebi

maswavleblebis subieqtur mosazrebas warmoadgens. dawyebiTi klasis maswavleblebi

zogadad naklebad ganicdian masalebis da teqnologiuri saSualebebis simcires,

vidre zusti mecnierebebis maswavleblebi. amavdroulad, interviuebsa da

araformalur saubrebSi dawyebiTi klasis maswavleblebic aRniSnaven iseTi

masalebis naklebobas, rogoricaa makrateli, furclebi, kasetebi da a.S. aRniSnuli

masala ki aucilebelia axal saxelmZRvaneloebSi mocemuli saqmianobisaTvis. am

sakiTxs mogvianebiTac davubrundebiT. rekomendaciebis nawilSi saubari iqneba imaze,

Tu ramdenad SesaZlebelia, saministrom da centrebma ganavrcon maswavleblebis

profesiuli ganviTarebis centris mier ganxorcielebuli programebi sxva qveynebSi

ganviTarebuli resursebis meSveobiT.

2 gamokiTxvis farglebSi SekiTxva mravalferovani programebis Sesaxeb mxolod direqtorebs dausves. saWiroa damatebiTi

kvlevis Catareba da saswavlo gegmis Seswavla aRniSnul SekiTxvaze zusti pasuxis misaRebad.


cxrili 3-64. CemTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris saWiro teqnikuri saSualebebi da masalebi

(maswavleblebis forma 1. S.34g)

respondentis kategoriaDdiax

%

T – an x2-kvadratis cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

6463

0.24 0.812

maRalmTiani raioni


7263

1.15 0.268

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


363345

3.43 0.186

skola soflad aramaRalmTian regionSi

skola maRalmTian regionSi

6755

1.05 *


ara-sapilote skola

6264

-0.19 0.849



6364

-0.08 0.940

sapilote skola an skola Treningebi skolis bazazeT

arasapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa

treningis gareSe

63

64-0.19 0.855



6463

-0.08 0.939



6364

0.12 0.908



6364

0.02 0.988


saSualos an orive safexuris maswavlebeli

6462

-0.54 0.594


humanitari

dawyebiTi

726354

6.99 0.109

axali masalebis gamoyeneba ramdenime/arcerT klasSi


7260

8.50 0.009

axali masalebis iSviaTi an saSualo gamoyeneba


6664

0.35 0.472

* albaTobis cvladis gamoTvla qyveynis masStabiT gansazogadeblad SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda

teqnikuri saSualebebis da masalebis Semdeg, maswavleblebi damabrkolebel

garemoebebs Soris yvelaze xSirad asaxeleben gakveTilisaTvis gansazRvrul drois

mokle monakveTs da moswavleebis did raodenobas klasSi. maswavleblebis 44%-ma aRniSna,

rom gakveTilis xangrZlivoba aris swavlebis axali meTodebis danergvis xelisSemSleli

piroba. aRniSnuli problema ufro metad aqtualuri aRmoCnda dawyebiTi klasis

maswavleblebisTvis, vidre zusti mecnierebebis maswavlebleblisTvis. es problema sxva

qveynebSic arsebobs. savaraudod, aRniSnuli problema momavalSi kidev ufro gamwvavdeba,

radgan ufro meti maswavlebeli daiwyebs axali meTodebis gamoyenebas. eronuli saswavlo

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrma unda gaiTvaliswinos aRniSnuli sakiTxi da moamzados

maswavleblebi gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi aqtiuri swavlis meTodebis gamoyenebaSi. meore

mxriv, saministrom da skolebma unda ganixilon gakveTilis xangrZlivobis gazrdis

SesaZlebloba, rac TavisTavad xels Seuwyobs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis danergvas.


cxrili 3-65. gakveTilis xangrZlivoba Zalian moklea (forma 1. S. 34c)




ara 56 50 62

diax 44 38 50

sul 100

N=646

cxrili 3-66. gakveTilis xangrZlivoba Zalian moklea (forma 1. S. 34c)

respondentis kategoriadiax

%

Ti an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4444

-0.03 0.973

maRalmTiani raioni


5143

0.79 0.440



4641

0.65 *


arasapilote skola

5043

0.98 0.344



4641

0.64 0.530


arasapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

4640

0.77 0.455



3747

2.12 0.051



4051

2.65 0.018



3546

1.96 0.069



4251

1.99 0.066


humanitari

dawyebiTi

474059

7.08 0.187


sul, maswaleblebis 41%-ma aRniSna, rom swavlebis procesSi axali saswavlo

meTodebis danergvas an moswavleebis didi raodenoba aferxebs an saklaso oTaxSi

arasakmarisi farTi. es problema gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria qalaqis skolebSi, sadac

maswavleblTa naxevari (52%) klasSi moswavleebis raodenobas mwvave problemad

Tvlis, soflis skolebSi am Tvalsazriss maswavlebelTa 28% iziarebs. problema,

Tu rogor gamoviyenoT aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi mravalricxovan klasSi, bevri

sxva qveynisTvisac aqtualuria da momavalSi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas moiTxovs.


miuxedavad imisa, rom saministro xedavs saklaso oTaxebis farTis deficitis

problemas (problemis gamosavals xedavs konsolidaciaSi, rac ganxilulia kvlevis

meoTxe nawilSi), aucilebelia imis gaTvaliswinebac, rom didi zomis saklaso oTaxebic

SesaZlebelia gaxdes aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebis damabrkolebeli

piroba. aRniSnuli problema SesaZloa kidev ufro gamwvavdes qalaqis didi zomis

skolebis fizikuri konsolidaciis Semdeg (sakiTxi ganxilulia me-4 nawilSi).

cxrili 3-67. moswavleebis didi raodenoba klasSi an saklaso oTaxis arasaTanado zoma (forma

1. S. 34 T)

pasuxi procentuli maCvenebeli



ara 59 53 66

diax 41 34 47

sul 100

N=637cxrili 3-68. g moswavleebis didi raodenoba klasSi an saklaso oTaxis arasaTanado zoma

(forma 1. S. 34 T)


%t an χ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5228

4.59 0

maRalmTiani raioni


3241

-1.09 0.295



3025

1.05 *


arasapiloteskola

4940

1.26 0.226



4633

2.14 0.049


arasapiloteskola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

4633

2.24 0.040



4638

-2.36 0.032



4533

-3.52 0.003



4539

-1.12 0.280



4044

0.56 0.584


humanitari

dawyebiTi

405050

3.28 0.317


maswavleblebis garkveuli raodenoba xelisSemSelel garemoebad miiCnevs

saskolo sistemis an erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mouqnelobas. sul, maswavleblebis


33% aRniSna, rom axali saswavlo gegma maT sakmaris Tavisuflebas ar aZlevs axali

saswavlo meTodebis danregvisa da ganxorcielebisaTvis. SekiTxvis formulirebidan

gamomdinare, gaurkvevelia, Tu konkretulad ras gulisxmoben maswavleblebi

SezRudvebsa da mouqnelobaSi. igive damokidebuleba aqvs maswavlebelTa 37% im

skolebidan, sadac tardeba maswavleblebis treningebi da maswavlebelTa mxolod 28%

im skolebidan, sadac treningebi ar tardeba. es monacemebi erTgvarad ewinaaRmdegeba

wina qveTavebSi warmodgenil statistikas, romlis Tanaxmad maswaleblebis 81%

met-naklebad iyenebda aqtiuri Sefasebis meTodebs gakveTilis farglebSi. Tumca,

sayuradReboa, rom aqtiuri Sefasebis meTodebis gamoyeneba mxolod garkveulwilad

xdeba da ara srulyofilad. zogierT qveyanaSi aqtiuri meTodebis mxolod

nawilobriv gamoyenebas ganapirobebs xelsayreli garemos uqonloba da aqtiuri

meTodebis gamoyenebis xerxebis arasaTanado codna. aqtiuri meTodebis gamoyenebis

nakleboba SesaZloa aseve gamowveuli iyos maswavleblebze dakisrebuli sxva

valdebulebebisgan, rogoricaa, magaliTad, moswavleebisTvis faqtebisa da masalis

srulyofilad miwodeba. am mizans aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi ar Seesabameba.

amdenad, maswavleblebi iyeneben aqtiur meTodebs mxolod maSin, roca darwmunebuli

arian, rom dadgenili kvota, faqtebis miwodebis saxiT, Sesrulebulia.

cxrili 3-69. saswavlo gegma ar aris sakmarisad moqnili da axali saswavlo meTodebis

gamoyenebis saSualebas ar iZleva (forma 1. S. 34 f)




ara 67 64 70

diax 33 30 36

sul 100

N=625


cxrili 3-70. saswavlo gegma ar aris sakmarisad moqnili da axali saswavlo meTodebis

gamoyenebis saSualebas ar iZleva (forma1. S.34 f)


%

Ti an xi-kvadrati

cvladialbaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

3433

0.28 0.782

maRalmTiani raioni


3333

0.14 0.894



3135

-1.21 *


arasapilote skola

3633

0.90 0.385



3629

1.78 0.096



3728

2.04 0.059



2338

3.66 0.002



3039

2.11 0.052



2635

2.35 0.033



3335

0.31 0.761


humanitari

dawyebiTi

303436

1.159 0.738


maswavlebelTa 34% fiqrobs, rom skolebSi Seqmnili garemo xels ar uwyobs

swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebas, igulisxmeba direqtorebisa an kolegebis

arakooperaciuloba. imisaTvis, rom maswavleblebma swavlebaSi mniSvnelovani

cvlilebebis danergva SeZlon, isini axali meTodebis mimarT dadebiTad, an sul

mcire araantagonisturad iyvnen ganwyobili. es faqti kidev erTxel miuTiTebs

mimdinare reformebis farglebSi direqtorebis momzadebis aucleblobaze.

cxrili 3-71. Cems skolaSi ar aris axali meTodebis gamoyenebisTvis xelsayreli garemo (forma

1. S. 34 i)




ara 33 26 42

diax 66 58 74

sul 100

N=625


cxrili 3-72. Cems skolaSi ar aris axali meTodebis gamoyenebisTvis xelsayreli garemo (forma

1. S. 34 i)


%

Ti an xi-kvadratis

cvladialbaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

3236

-0.72 0.481

maRalmTiani raioni


3432

0.18 0.861



3631

0.55 0.601


arasapilote skola

4033

0.76 0.459



3433

0.16 0.879



3432

0.40 0.694



3732

-0.89 0.390



3530

-0.74 0.469



3334

0.11 0.912



3430

-0.99 0.336


humanitari

dawyebiTi

303347

6.46 0.052

da bolos, maswavlebelTa 30% aRniSnavs, rom axali meTodebis gamoyenebisTvis erT-

erTi damabrkolebeli pirobaa gakveTilis xangrZlivobis simcire. aRsaniSnavia, rom

am mizezs asakovani maswavleblebi ufro xSirad asaxeleben vidre axalgazrdebi.

cxrili 3-73. ar maqvs dro gamoviyeno swavlebis axali meTodebi (forma 1. S. 34 d)




ara 70 63 76

diax 30 24 37

sul 100

N=625


cxrili 3-74 ar maqvs dro gamoviyeno swavlebis axali meTodebi (forma 1. S. 34 d)


%

Ti – an xi-kvadratis cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

2635

-0.60 0.131

maRalmTiani raioni


4230

2.62 0.019



3441

-1.26 *


arasapilote skola

3930

1.09 0.292



2735

-1.12 0.281



2735

-0.97 0.348



2732

1.33 0.202



2737

2.16 0.047



2632

1.13 0.277



3126

-0.90 0.383


humanitari

dawyebiTi

252640

6.11 0.183


3.2.5. Sefaseba

momdevno qveTavSi ganxilulia reformebis farglebSi gaweuli Zalisxmeva

Sefasebis 10-qulian sistemaze gadasvlasTan dakavSirebiT, romlis farglebSic

ganxorcielda Semajamebeli Sefasebis gardaqmna ganmaviTarebel da Semajamebel

Sefasebad.

3.2.5.1. Sefasebis sistema

niSnis inflaciisa da Sesabamisad Sefasebis sistemaSi niSnebis marJis simciris

problemis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, dainerga Sefasebis axali 10-quliani sistema.

es sakiTxi sxva qveynebSic problematuria.

centris warmomadgenlebis Tanaxmad, aT-quliani sistemis oficialurad

danergva ganxorcielda imitom, rom es sistema bevr skolaSi, oficialurad Tu ara-

oficialurad, ukve arsebobda. garda amisa, Sefasebis axali sistema, Zvel sistemasTan

SedarebiT, ufro martivia. amgvar sistemaSi Sefasebis nixri izrdeba, rac moswavlis

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis da moswavlis progresis warmoCenis saSualebas iZleva.

sistemis saboloo mizania, maswavleblebma yoveldRiurad dagegmon gakveTili da

Seafason moswavleebis individualuri progresi. maswavleblebma ar unda Seadaron

erTi moswavlis akademiuri moswreba meorisas. dawyebiT klasebSi Sefasebis sistema


aRar gamoiyeneba. dawyebiTi klasis moswavleebi mxolod Sesafasebel komentarebs

miiReben.

centris warmomadgenlebi aRiareben, rom maswavleblebisTvis Sefasebis axali

da rTuli koncefciis gaazreba sirTuleebTan aris dakavSirebuli. isini aRniSnaven,

rom momdevno wlis ganmavlobaSi centri treningebiT daexmareba maswavleblebs

rubrikebis momzadebasa da moswavleebTan muSaobaSi. amasTan erTad, yvela skola da

resurscentri miiRebs sainformacio broSuras, resurscentrebis meSveobiT skolebSi

darigdeba Jurnalebi yovelTviurad, romlebSic iqneba Sefasebis rubrikis da/an

sxva aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis magaliTebi.

3.2.5.2. ganmaviTarebeli da Semajamebeli Sefaseba

kvlevis farglebSi Catarda maswavleblebis gamokiTxva, raTa gaerkviaT ramdenad

aqtiurad iyeneben isini Sefasebis axal sistemas. aRsaniSnavia, rom msgavsi tipis

TviTSefasebis formebze gacemuli pasuxebi zogadi da arazustia. isini mxolod

maswavleblis subieqtur warmodgenas efuZneba. rogorc Cans, maswavleblebi

cdiloben dadebiTad Seafason sakuTari Tavi da amitom pozitiurad pasuxoben

msgavs SekiTxvebs. amgvarad, mocemuli kvleva maswavleblebis muSaobis xarisxis

Sesafaseblad arasrulyofilia. erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da Sefasebis centrma

ufro siRriseuli kvleva unda Caataros realuri statistikis mosapoveblad. qvemoT

warmodgenili Sedegebidan Cans, rom maswavleblebs ar aqvT sakmarisi codna Sefasebis

axali sistemis miznebsa da Sinaarsze da mxolod nawilobriv arian mzad gamoiyenon

Sefasebis axali 10-quliani sistema. direqtorebsac da mSoblebsac ar aqvT kargad

gaazrebuli Sefasebis axali sistema. miuxedavad imisa, rom gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad,

maswavleblebis umetesoba iyenebs aqtiuri Sefasebis sistemas, bevrs savaraudod

ar esmis Sefasebis axali sistemis principebi. maTTvis aucilebelia treningebi,

magaliTebi da nimuSebi codnis gasaRrmaveblad.

gamokiTxvis farglebSi maswavleblebs dausves 3 SekiTxva, raTa gamoevlinaT

Tu ramdenad arian orientirebuli kiTxva-pasuxiT masalis gamokiTxvis tradiciul

meTodze. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli elis moswavlisgan miiRos “swori” pasuxi. amas

garda gamokiTxvis Sedegebs unda eCvenebina, ramdenad aqtiurad iyeneben maswavleblebi

kritikuli azrovnebis xelSemwyob meTodebs. am SemTxvevaSi moswavle valdebulia

warmoadginos “swori” pasuxi damadasturebeli argumentebiT. gamokiTxvis Sedegad

miRebuli pasuxebis analizi sifrTxiles moiTxovs, radgan kvlevaSi gamoyenebulia

mkafiod formulirebuli mxolod sami SekiTxva da, garda amisa, ar gvaqvs gamokiTxvis

Sedegebis damadasturebeli damatebiTi monacemebi (dakvirvebis Sedegad miRebuli).3

kvleva miznad isaxavs, gamoavlinos, ramdenad Seicvala msoflio bankis mier

Catarebuli kvlevis Semdeg (Sancho and Hermandez et al.; �999, Sharhriari, �999) Sefasebis axali sistemisadmi damokidebuleba. gamokiTxvis mTavari mizani iyo gamoevlina,

razea orientirebuli Sefasebis sistema _ mxolod “swor pasuxze” Tu analitikuri

unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebazec. sami damoukidebeli SekiTxvis Sedegebi warmodgenilia

qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSi.

3 sami SekiTxva araa sakmarisi sando da Tanmimdevruli analizisaTvis da winamdebare kvlevaSi isini gamoiyeneba mxolod

zogadi warmodgenis Sesaqmnelad.


cxrili 3-75. gavigo, ician Tu ara moswavleebma swori pasuxi (forma 1. S. 6a)




arasdros 40 31 47

zogjer 51 45 58

xSirad 8 6 11

Zalian xSirad an yovelTvis 0 0 1

sul 100

cxrili 3-76. gavigo moswavleebis ideebi da azrebi (forma 1. S. 6b)




arasdros 0 0 1

zogjer 5 3 7

xSirad 47 43 51


sul 100

cxrili 3-77. moswavleebma daasabuTon TavianTi azri da imsjelon (forma 1. S. 6g)




arasdros 0 0 1

zogjer 8 5 11

xSirad 41 37 45


sul 100

gamokiTxvis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, maswavleblebi xSirad imisTvis svamen

SekiTxvas, rom moisminon moswavlis azri da msjeloba, iSviaTad ki imis gasagebad,

icis Tu ara moswavlem kiTxvaze “swori” pasuxi. Tumca, fokus-jgufebis dros

gamoCnda, rom maswavlelebs jer kargad ar gaucnobierebiaT Sefasebis axali

sistema. swored amitom moswavlis akademiur moswrebaSi araviTari cvlileba ar

aRiniSneba. susti moswavleebi tradiciul testebSi kvlavac aradamakmayofilebel

Sefasebas iReben. es ki imaze miuTiTebs, rom maswavleblebi kvlav Sefasebis

tradiciul sistemas iyeneben da Sefasebis axali sistemis ukeT gaaazrebas

saWiroeben. es ara-ganzogadebadi aRmoCena ar gamoricxavs wina daskvnas, Tumca,

saerTo jamSi, Sefasebis jgufis azriT, winamdebare analizi cxadyofs, rom

maswavleblebs Teoriulad esmiT Sefasebis “swori” meTodebi. winamdebare kvleva


mainc ar aris srulyofili Sefasebis axali sistemis gamoyenebis siRrmiseulad

Sesafaseblad.

kvlevis farglebSi, maswavleblebs aseve hkiTxes, Tu ramdenad iyvnen momzadebuli

Sefasebis axali 10-quliani sistemis gamosayeneblad. Sedegebis mixedviT, gamokiTxuli

maswavleblebis 61% mxolod nawilobrivad aris momzadebuli Sefasebis axali

sistemis gamosayeneblad. fokus-jgufebidan gamovlinda, rom maswavleblebis umetesoba

saWiroebs treningebs 10-quliani Sefasebis sistemis gamosayeneblad, saswavlo sagnis

specifikis da maRalkontigentiani klasebis gaTvaliswinebiT. rogorc aRmoCnda,

treningi esaWiroeba yvela kategoriis maswavlebels. Tumca, axali maswavleblebi

da is pedagogebi, romlebic interaqtiuli swavlebis meTodebs aqtiurad iyeneben,

Tvlian, rom am mxriv ukeTesad momzadebuli arian.

cxrili 3-78. ramdenad kargad xarT momzadebuli Sefasebis 10-quliani sistemis gamosayeneblad

(maswavleblis forma 1. S. 33)





saSualod 61 56 67

cudad 3 2 5

sul 100


cxrili 3-79. ramdenad kargad xarT momzadebuli Sefasebis 10-quliani sistemis gamosayeneblad


respondentis kategoriaZalian

kargadsaSualod cudad

t an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

3932

5963

24

2.37 0.331

maRalmTiani raioni


3036

6861

23

1.01 0.435

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


393037

596658

245

6.00 0.455


skola sofelSi aramTian regionSi

3730

5866

54

1.91 0.421


arasapilote skola

2836

6661

63

1.38 0.388



3932

5865

34

4.18 0.412


arasapiloteskola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

3932

59

65

3

44.05 0.432



4033

5863

24

4.33 0.261



3833

6063

34

2.83 0.472



4633

5064

43

10.35 0.070

saSualos an orive donis maswavlebeli


3537

6160

33

0.14 0.924

klasis kontingenti 24 an naklebi

klasis kontingenti 25 an meti

3537

6260

32

0.90 0.575


humanitari

dawyebiTi

343924

655872

234

7.05 0.435

axali masalebis iSviaTi an saSualo gamoyeneba


2640

7057

43

12.41 0.042

axali masalebis gamoyeneba ramdenime/arcerT klasSi


3934

5666

50

15.29 0.002

maswavleblebi gansxvavebulad afaseben maTTvis miwodebul aqtiuri swavlebisa da

jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis magaliTebsa da nimuSebs. isini metnaklebad kmayofilni

arian Sesabamis sferoSi Catarebuli treningebiT, Tumca erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa

da Sefasebis centrisa da maswavleblebis profesiuli ganviTarebis centris

wardmomadgenlebis azriT, am mxriv bevri ramaa gasaumjobesebli. gamokiTxul

maswavlebelTa 52% Tvlis, rom nimuSebi damakmayofilebelia, 37% azriT, nimuSebi

metnaklebad damakmayofilebelia, xolo 9% nimuSebi aradamakmayofileblad miiCnevs.

kategoriebis mixedviT mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebi ar aRiniSneba.4 erovnuli saswavlo

4 imave SekiTxvis garSemo, skolis direqtorebi acxadeben, rom maTi maswavleblebis 40 procents Cautarda treningi Se-

fasebis axali sistemis gamoyenebaSi. rogorc Cans, direqtorebma kiTxva gaanalizes raodenobriv WrilSi da pasuxSic aqcenti

datreningebuli maswavleblebis raodenobazea da ara axal meTodebSi Catarebul trenigebze. direqtorebis 38 procenti fiqrobs,


gegmisa da Sefasebis centri cdilobs gaavrcelos Sefasebis axali sistemis

rubrika saministros gazeTis meSveobiT. gazeTs urigeben yvela skolas, Tumca

TiToeul skolaze mxolod erTi gazeTia gaTvlili, Sesabamisad, gazeTi TiToeul

maswavlebels ar gadaecema. erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da Sefasebis centri gegmavs

momdevno wlis treningebSi Sefasebis sistemaze gaamaxvilos yuradReba.

arsebobs monacemebi imis Sesaxeb, rom maswavlebelTaTvis, direqtorebisa da

mSoblebisaTvis Sefasebis 10-quliani sistema mouxerxebelia. samuSao jgufs ar

ganuxilavs Sefasebis sistema fokus-jgufebSi an direqtorTa gamokiTxvebisas.

Tumca, eqvsma direqtorma aRniSna, rom Sefasebis 10-quliani sistema mSoblebis

saskolo procesebSi aqtiuri Cabmis erT-erT motivaciad iqca. es pasuxi, vfiqrobT,

tendenciaa, radgan dasmuli SekiTxva Ria tipis iyo da Sefasebis sistemaze miniSnebas

ar gulisxmobda. es sakiTxi wamoWra erT-erTma sameurveo sabWom fokus-jgufis

ganxilvis dros, rodesac saubari iyo reformebisadmi mSoblebis damokidebulebaze.

gamokiTxvis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom maswavleblebis 44% azriT, Sefasebis 10-qulian

sistemaSi Zalian farTo marJaa. sainteresoa, rom im maswavleblebis raodenoba,

romelTa azriT Sefasebis 10-qulian sistemaSi Zalian farTo marJaa, ufro didia

sapilote skolebSi (71%), vidre arasapilote skolebSi (51%). imis gaTvaliswinebiT Tu

romeli tipis skolebSi Catarda meti treningi Sefasebis sistemasTan dakavSirebiT

aRniSnuli monacemebis safuZvelze, SegviZlia ori ram davaskvnaT: treningis meSveobiT

rac ufro ukeT ecnobian maswavleblebi Sefasebis axal sistemas, miT meti kiTxva

uCndebaT da gacilebiT met problemas xedaven, an piriqiT. skolebis geografiuli

mdebareobis mixedviT mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebi ar SeiniSneba.

cxrili 3-80. fiqrobT, rom Sefasebis axal sistemaSi Zalian farToa (maswavleblis forma 1. S. 19)




diax 46 36 57

ara 53 42 64

ar vici 1 0 2

sul 100

rom treningi daexmara maswavleblebs, 62 procenti fiqrobs, rom mxolod nawilobriv daexmara. arc erTi direqtori ar miuTiTebs

aseTi mxardaWeris ararsebobaze.


cxrili 3-81. fiqrobT, rom Sefasebis axal sistemaSi Zalian farTo marJaa (maswavleblis forma

1. S. 19)

respondentis kategoria diax ara ar vici

Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5735

4265

10

36.15 0.064

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


562752

427348

103

47.22 0.021

ìrmis naxtomis` programaSi CarTuli skola

skola ìrmis naxtomis~ programis gareSe

5534

4466

10

31.95 0.0697

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skola soflad

skola soflad ìrmis naxtomis~ programis gareSe

4624

5476

0 0

5.36 0.181

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skola mTian regionSi

skola mTian regionSi ìrmis naxtomis~ programis gareSe

45

53

53

47

2

02.03 0.451

savele gasvlebis da araoficialuri saubrebis dros, bevri maswavlebeli aRniSnavs,

rom Sefasebis 10-quliani sistemis efeqturad gamosayeneblad aucilebelia Sesabamisi

treningebi. maswavleblebi aseve aRniSnaven, rom treningebis dros aucilebelia

magaliTebi, romlebSic naTlad Cans gansxvavebebi sagnobrivi jgufebis mixedviT da

agreTve rekomendaciebi maRalkontigentian klasebSi Sefasebis sistemis efeqturi

gamoyenebisTvis.

3.2.6. sapilote da saimplementacio modelebi

zogadad, sapilote da SemdgomSi saimplementacio skolebis arseboba gulisxmobs,

rom sapilote skolebSi yvelaze aqtiurad mimdinareobs axali meTodebis danergva da,

Sesabamisad, mosalodnelia yvelaze TvalsaCino Sedegebis miRweva. saimplementacio

skolebSi ki SedarebiT naklebi unda iyos reformebis gavlena. swavlebis sistema

gansxvavdeba sapilote da saimplementacio skolebSi. sapilote skolis mizania

gamocados da cvlilebebi Seitanos saswavlo gegmebSi. sapilote da saimplementacio

skolebSi swavlebis gansxvavebuli meTodebi araCveulebriv SesaZleblobas iZleva

eqsperimentuli kvlevis Casatareblad. sapilote modelis susti mxarea is rom,

bundovania, ramdenad arian valdebulebi treningis monawile maswavleblebi miRebuli

codna da informacia gauziaron skolis danarCen maswavleblebs. saimplementacio

modelis susti mxare ki aris rom, treningis monawile maswavleblebi ar arian

motivirebulebi, maTi daswreba nebayoflobiTia da nebismier maswavlebels SeuZlia

daesworos erT trening-sesias da ar aris valdebuli daeswros Semdeg treinings.

mtkicebuleba imis Sesaxeb, Tu romeli tipis skolebia ukeTesi xarisxis,

sapilote Tu saimplementacio, treningis TvalsazrisiT Sereulia. sapilote

skolebis maswavleblebis umetesoba ufro metadaa darwmunebuli axali saswavlo

gegmiT swavlebis sisworeSi da fiqrobs, rom axali saswavlo gegma saSualebas

aZlevs efeqturad aswavlos yvela donis moswavles. Tumca, sapilote skolebis

maswavleblebis damokidebuleba am SemTxvevaSi ar Seesabameba axali meTodebis

Sesaxeb maTgan mopovebul sxva monacemebs. sapilote skolebis maswavleblebi sxva

problemebTan erTad treningebis naklebobasac asaxeleben. kvlevam daadgina, rom xSir


SemTxvevaSi maswavleblebis damokidebuleba ama Tu im sakiTxis mimarT ar emTxveva

maT mier SemoTavazebul praqtikul Sefasebebs, magaliTad, moswavlis Sefasebis

meTodebTan dakavSirebiT. sapilote skolebSi im maswavleblebis raodenoba, vinc

Tvlis, rom treningebze warmodgenili magaliTebi damakmayofilebelia, aqtiurad

iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs da vinc fiqrobs, rom axali saswavlo gegma

interaqtiuli meTodebis aqtiuri gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva, identuri pasuxebiT

ar aRemateba saimplementacio skolebis maswavleblebis raodenobas.

miuxedavad imisa, rom sapilote skolebis efeqturoba mxolod treningebis

xarisxiT ar aris ganpirobebuli, Sefasebis jgufis azriT saerTaSoriso

gamocdilebaSi Zalian iSviaTia iseTi SemTxvevebi, roca arsebobs gansxvavebuli

swavlebis meTodika, magram ver xerxdeba ukeTesi meTodebis gavrceleba da danergva,

iSviaTia SemTxvevebi, roca sapilote skolebi treningebis TvalsazrisiT ukeTesi

araa ara-sapilote skolebze.

3.2.7. swavlebis meTodebis gardaqmnis mxardaWera

maswavleblebis treningebi skolis bazaze da treningebi saswavlo gegmebis

Sesaxeb arsebiTia. aucilebelia saTanado struqturis Seqmna da didi Zalisxmeva,

raTa dainergos mudmivi profesiuli ganviTarebis sistema. es erTaderTi gzaa

mdgradi reformis gansaxorcieleblad. momdevno TavebSi warmodgenilia aseTi

struqturebis analizi.

3.2.7.1. moqmedi maswavleblebis treningi (profesias dauflebul maswavelbelTa momzadeba)

moqmedi maswavleblebis treningi dagegma maswvaleblebis profesiuli

ganviTarebis centrma da Semdeg erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centrma,

rogorc umniSvnelovanesi komponenti swavlebis meTodikis gardasaqmnelad.

grZelvadiani cvlilebebis da mdgradi reformisTvis aucilebelia grZelvadiani,

moqmedi maswavleblebis treningebi. saministro da centrebi kvlav muSaoben

grZelvadiani treningebis dizainze, mas Semdeg, rac erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa

da Sefasebis centri uzrunvelyofs maswavleblebs pirveladi treningiT. Sefasebis

jgufma gamoavlina, rom mosalodnelia treningebis sferoSi arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis CarTva, Tumca am ideis realizacia jer mxolod savaraudoa. zogierTi

arasamTavrobo organizacia sTavazobs maswavleblebs treningebs, romelTa mizania,

daexmaros maswavlebels serTificirebis procesSi, Tumca aRniSnuli organizaciebi

aralicenzirebulia an araserTificirebuli da umetes SemTxvevaSi struqturulad

ar Seesabameba Sidasamsaxureobrivi treningebis koncefcias.5

Sefasebis jgufma gaarkvia, rom axladdaarsebuli saganmanaTleblo resurs-

centrebi uSualod ar uzrunvelyofen maswavleblebs profesiuli ganaTlebis

treningebiT, Tumca maT garkveuli organizaciuli valdebulebebi daekisrebaT.

amdenad, Sefasebis jgufma gamokiTxa direqtorebi saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

aqtiurobis Sesaxeb, rogorc skolis menejmentis, aseve maswavleblebis profesiuli

ganviTarebis sakiTxebSi. direqtorebis umetesoba (97%) aRniSnavs, rom saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebi aqtiurad uWeren mxars skolis menejmentis gaumjobesebasa da

maswavlebelTa profesiul ganviTarebas. Tumca, dasmuli kiTxva am ori sferos

cal-calke gamokvlevis saSualebas ar gvaZlevs. gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, direqtorebis

78%-ma ganacxada, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentri daexmara skolas erovnuli

5 Sefasebis jgufs ar Cautarebia msgavsi organizaciebis gamokiTxva an am sakiTxis siRrmiseuli kvleva


saswavlo gegmis danergvaSi, xolo 41%-ma aRniSna, rom centri daexmara maT

saganmanaTleblo masalebiT. Sefasebis jgufis ZiriTadi informacia gansxvavebul

suraTs gvaZlevs. fokus-jgufebSi, romlebic 20 raionidan warmodgenili 20

saganmanaTleblo resurscentris xelmZRvanelebisgan Sedgeboda, gamovlinda, rom

resurscentrebsa da maswavleblebs Soris urTierToba sakmaod SezRudulia. ufro

metic, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebi aRniSnaven, rom centris

TanamSromlebi ar arian saTanado codniTa da unar-CvevebiT aRWurvili imisaTvis,

rom maswavleblebs mimdinare reformis procesSi daxmareba gauwion.

3.2.7.2. maswavlebelTa treningi (maswavlebelTa momzadeba profesiis dauflebis procesSi)

miuxedvad imisa, rom amJamad maswavleblebis mobiloba dabalia (ixileT

nawili 4), aucilebelia Seiqmnas axali maswavleblebisTvis treningis sistema, raTa

swavlebis ZiriTadi meTodebi Zvel stils aRar daubrundes. saministro amJamad

muSaobs treningebis boloniis procesTan Sesabamisobaze. boloniis procesi

iTvaliswinebs, evropis sxva qveynebis ganaTlebis sistemis msgavsad, ganaTlebis

orcikliani sistemis danergvas, bakalavris da magistris xarisxis kvalifikaciiT.

Sefasebis jgufma gaarkvia, rom, vinaidan pedagogikaSi sauniversiteto doneze Rrmad

aris gamjdari institucionalizebuli sabWoTa stili, maswavlebelTa momzadeba

profesiis daufelebis procesSi sustia _ ar tardeba maswavleblebis treningebi

axali pedagogiuri Teoriebisa da meTodebis Sesaxeb da ver xerxdeba am meTodebis

modelireba interaqtiuli swavlebis Sesabamisad. Sefasebis jgufisTvis cnobilia,

rom tradiciul sauniverisiteto ganaTlebis sistemaSi swrafi cvlilebebi

SeuZlebelia da sawyisi etapi albaT sami-xuTi weliwadi gagrZeldeba. kvlevam

daadgina, rom profesiis daufelebis procesSi momzadeba mWirdo kavSirSia

sauniversiteto ganaTlebasTan. amitomac aris aucilebeli treiningis tradiciuli

sistemis gardaqmna da sauniveristeto ganaTlebis monitoringi, raTa am sferoSi

efeqturi reforma ganxorcieldes.

igive sirTuleebia sxva postkomunisturi qveynebSi, sadac xdeba gardaqmna

maswavlebelze orientirebuli swavlebis da swavlis meTodebis. Tu gaviziarebT im

mosazrebas, rom aucilebelia umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemis TandaTanobiTi gardaqmna,

isic unda vicodeT, rom am procesis Sedegebs swavlebis sistemaSi mxolod xuTi

wlis Semdeg Tu davinaxavT, manamde ki momavali maswavleblebi isev da isev swavlebis

tradiciuli meTodebs gamoiyeneben. Sefasebis jgufma ver moipova srulyofili

informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad igegemeba am procesSi axali profesor-

maswavleblebis Cabma sauniversiteto doneze, igegmeba Tu ara moqmedi profesor-

maswavleblebis gadamzadeba an ucxoeli specialistebis daqiraveba. nebismieri am

mimarTulebis arCeva da gaxorcieleba, cxadia, did dros moiTxovs. alternatiuli

gza, romelmac SesaZloa ufro swrafi Sedegebi moitanos, aris im niWieri kadrebis

gamoyeneba, romelTac amJamad doqtoris xarisxi ar gaaCniaT. aRniSnuli sakiTxi

ganxilulia rekomendaciebis nawilSi.

3.2.7.3. maswavleblebis qseli da kavSirebi skolis SigniT da skolebs Soris

maswavleblebs Soris kavSirebi skolis SigniT da skolebs Soris SezRudulia,

Tumca gasul wlebTan SedarebiT, sabWoTa sistemisa da damoukideblobis pirveli

periodisTvis damaxasiaTebelma izolaciam aSkarad iklo. erovnuli saswavlo


gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrisa da

saministros warmomadgenlebis Tanaxmad, skolebs Soris izolacia damaxasiaTebeli

iyo sabWoTa da postsabWoTa periodisaTvis. reformis farglebSi ganxorcielda

skolebis qselebis ganviTarebis proeqti da Camoyalibda maswavlebelTa profesiuli

ganviTarebis Sidasaskolo meqanizmebi, rasac xeli unda Seewyo skolebs Soris

TanamSromlobisaTvis da Seemcirebina izolacia. gamokiTxvis Sedegebi gviCvenebs,

rom izolacia kvlav problemaa, xolo Sidasaskolo TanamSromloba jer kidev

ganviTarebis sawyis etapzea.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis proeqtebis ganxorcielebis koordinatorma aRniSna,

rom skolebSi SeiniSneba koordinaciis nakleboba, rac xels uSlis profesiul

ganviTarebaze mzrunvel maswavlebelTa sazogadoebis Camoyalibebas da, Sesabamisad,

maswavlebelTa treningebis reformis efeqturobas. Sefasebis jgufma ganixila

aRniSnuli sakiTxi. maswavlebelTa fokus jgufebSi gamoikveTa, rom maswavleblebi

xedaven axladSedgenili sagnobrivi fakultetebis Sedegs. sagnobrivi fakulteti

erTi da igive sagnobrivi jgufis maswavleblebis aqtiur TanamSromlobas, axali

meTodebis da saswavlo gegmebis jgufurad ganxilvas uwyobs xels. fokusjgufebis

diskusiebidan gamovlinda, rom skolebSi Camoyalibebulia sagnobrivi fakultetebi,

sadac yvela maswavlebeli CarTulia da aRniSnuli fakultetebi yovelkvireulad

xvdebian erTmaneTs. Tumca, Catarebuli gamokiTxvebi sawinaaRmdegos gviCvenebs.

gamokiTxvebis mixedviT, maswavlebelebi ar TanamSromloben, yovel SemTxvevaSi

swavlebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT isini iSviaTad TanamSromloben. gamokiTxuli

maswavleblebidan, mxolod 75%-ma gancxada, rom maT skolebSi Camoyalibebulia

sagnobrivi fakultetebi. gamokiTxvebma aseve gamoavlina, rom erTi da igive

fakultetis maswavleblebis 52% Sexvedrebs awyobs TveSi erTxel an ufro

iSviaTad, xolo maswavleblebis 12% xvdeba yovelkvireulad swavlebis meTodebis

gansaxilvelad. amasTan erTad, maswavleblebis 52% afiqsirebs, rom isini TveSi mxolod

erTxel an ufro iSviaTad xvdebian studenturi proeqtebis ganxilvis an studenturi

proeqtebis magaliTebis gasaziareblad. Sefasebis jgufs ar Seuswavlia arsebobs

Tu ara gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri fakultetebi, sadac maswavlebelTa CarTulobis

naklebobaa.


cxrili 3-82. msjelobT Tu ara Tqvenive sagnobrivi fakultetis maswavlebelTan, rogor

aswavloT esa Tu is sakiTxi klasSi (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35a)




arasodes an ver vpasuxob 7 5 9

iSviaTad 28 24 31

TveSi erTxel an ufro

iSviaTad 52 48 57

sul mcire kviraSi erTxel 13 11 15

sul 100

N=681

cxrili 3-83. msjelobT Tu ara Tqvenive sagnobrivi fakultetis maswavlebelTan rogor aswavloT

esa Tu is sakiTxi klasSi (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35a)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

sul

mcire

kviraSi

erTxel

xi-kvadrati

Ti-testis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

104

2629

5253

1115

18.57 0.073

maRalmTiani raioni


37

2927

5752

1113

1.18 0.616

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


3105

292625

525259

161111

12.53 0.275

skolebis qselis programaSi CarTuli

skola

skolebis qselis programaSi aramonawile

skola

5

7

19

28

64

51

12

133.96 0.29

saSualo donis an orive donis

maswavlebeli

dawyebiTi klasis maswavlebeli

8

7

19

30

50

63

11

138.90 0.124

cxrili 3-84. ganixilavT Tu ara Tqvenive sagnobrivi fakultetis maswavlebelTan erTad

moswavleTa proeqtebis ideebs an magaliTebs (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35b)





iSviaTad 51 47 56

TveSi erTxel an ufro

iSviaTad 26 22 31


sul 100

N=681


cxrili 3-84. ganixilavT Tu ara Tqvenive sagnobrivi fakultetis maswavlebelTan erTad

moswavleTa proeqtebis ideebs an magaliTebs (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35b)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

sul

mcire

kviraSi

erTxel

xi-

kvadrati

Ti-testis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

1619

5151

2824

45

2.61 0.575

maRalmTiani raioni


1717

6950

1327

15

5.66 0.005

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


162112

514566

292817

465

12.76 0.254

skolebis qselis programaSi CarTuli skola

skolebis qselis programaSi aramonawile skola

1720

51 58

2719

54

2.02 0.509

saSualo donis an orive donis maswavlebeli


1911

5058

2725

47

7.02 0.167

respodentebTan saubridan gamovlinda, rom skolebis qselurma programam

warmatebiT daakavSira regionSi sxvadaxva skolis maswavleblebi. reformaSi

monawile skolis maswavleblebi kmayofilni arian am programiT. isini imedovneben,

rom amave mimarTulebiT gaagrZeleben muSaobas saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

daxmarebiT. Tumca, skolebisTvis am iniciativis ganxorcielebis gegma ar arsebobs.

gamokiTxva naTlad gviCvenebs, rom maswavleblebi akademiur sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT

erTmaneTTan ar TanamSromloben, arc skolis SigniT da arc sxvadasxva skolebs

Soris. gamokiTxuli maswavleblebis mxolod 16-23% aRniSnavs, rom isini ikribebian sxva

skolis maswavleblebTan erTad skolebis qseluri programis farglebSi an ganaTlebis

resurscentrebis meSveobiT. Sefasebis jgufma skolebis qselur programasTan

dakavSirebuli 5 SekiTxvis Sedegebi gaaerTiana da erTiani indeqsi SeimuSava, romlis

saSualo maCvenebelia 5.6 aRniSnuli maCvenebeli miuTiTebs imaze, rom xuTive SekiTxvaze

maswavleblebma umetes SemTxvevaSi Semoxazes pasuxi “iSviaTad”. Sefasebis jgufs ar

aqvs wina periodis monacemebi SedarebisTvis, magram, rogorc gamokiTxulTa umravlesoba

aRniSnavs, miRebuli dabali maCvenebelic ki didi winsvlaa wina periodTan SedarebiT.

sainteresoa, Tu ratom ar ganxorcielda momdevno saqmianoba am mimarTulebiT.

cxrili 3-86. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan skolebis qseluri programis

meSveobiT (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35c)

pasuxi savaraudo procentuli

maCvenebeli




iSviaTad 55 50 60

TveSi erTxel an ufro iSviaTad 14 10 18


sul 100

N=648


cxrili 3-87. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan skolebis qseluri programis

meSveobiT (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35c)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

sul

mcire

kviraSi

erTxel

Ti

–an xi-kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

3622

5353

920

22

2.4 0.022

maRalmTiani raioni


2330

5855

1914

02

1.75 0.532

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


362418

535458

92023

220

27.36 0.036



3529

5655

915

02

2.50 0.652



3024

5458

1417

21

2.51 0.556

cxrili 3-88. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

meSveobiT (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35d)


maCvenebeli




iSviaTad 43 35 51



sul 100

N=658

cxrili 3-89. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

meSveobiT (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 35d)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

sul

mcire

kviraSi

erTxel

Ti –an xi-kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4424

4145

1428

13

38.71 0.002

maRalmTiani raioni


1935

5342

2221

69

5.94 0.163

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


442717

404645

142436

132

43.08 0.045



3335

4543

2321

02

1.39 0.634



3629

4246

2024

21

3.27 0.373


cxrili 3-90. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan sxva gzebis meSveobiT (maswavleblis

forma 2. S. 35e)


maCvenebeli




iSviaTad 52 45 59



sul 100

N=656

cxrili 3-91. TanamSromloba sxva skolis maswavleblebTan sxva gzebis meSveobiT (maswavleblis

forma 2. S. 35e)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

sul

mcire

kviraSi

erTxel

Ti_an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

3220

4955

1722

22

12.81 0.132

maRalmTiani raioni


2527

4652

2619

32

1.18 0.550

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


322512

495062

172324

321

18.44 0.104



2627

5851

1620

13

1.46 0.493



2819

5154

1825

22

6.29 0.232

cxrili 3-92. qselur TanamSromlobaze xuTi SekiTxvis pasuxebis indeqsi (forma 1. S. 34 d)

respondentis kategoria saSualo maCvenebeli Ti-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5.26.1

-2.80 0.014

maRalmTiani raioni


5.65.6

0.07 0.946


skola soflad aramTian regionSi skola

6.26.2

0.11 0.883



5.65.4

-0.70 0.493



5.55.7

-0.64 0.531



5.95.5

1.72 0.106



5.65.7

-0.58 0.572



5.56.1

1.97 0.068


3.2.8. maswavlebelTa treningi sainformacio

da satelekomunikacio teqnologiebSi

kvlevis am nawilSi ganxilulia maswavleblebis mier kompiuteris gamoyenebis

SesaZleblobebi, sainformacio da satelekomunikacio teqnologiebSi maTTvis

organizebuli trenigebi. kerZod, Sefasebis jgufma Seiswavla “irmis naxtomis”

farglebSi Catarebuli treningebi da am programaSi gasaerTianebeli skolebis

status-qvo. “irmis naxtomis” farglebSi maswavlebelTa treningi ganxilulia

angariSis Sesaval nawilSi. “irmis naxtomis” farglebSi skolebis momarageba

kompiuterebiT da internetiT uzrunvelyofa ganxilulia 4.3. punqtSi.

maswavleblebi dadebiTad arian ganwyobili “irmis naxtomis” programis

farglebSi Catarebuli treningebis mimarT. aseve kmayofilebi arian skolebSi

Seqmnili kompiuteruli laboratoriebiT, romlebic xels uwyoben maswavleblebis

mier kompiuterebis gamoyenebas (es ukanaskneli sakiTxi ganxilulia 3.3. punqtSi).

“irmis naxtomis” treningebSi CarTuli maswavleblebi gacilebiT ufro moxerxebulad

iyeneben kompiuterebs skolaSi da skolis gareT, da ufro xSirad, vidre maTi

kolegebi. miuxedavad amisa, statistikurad, maswavleblebis didi umravlesoba, “irmis

naxtomis” treningebSi monawile maswavleblebis CaTvliT, iSviaTad an saerTod ar

iyenebs kompiuters skolaSi an skolis gareT. MmaT ar ician kompiuterze muSaoba ise

kargad, rom gamoiyenon saswavlo miznebisTvis da kargad ar esmiT, rogor SeiZleba

teqnologiebis swavlebis procesSi gamoyeneba.

skolebi, sadac Catarda fokusjgufebi, monawileoben “irmis naxtomis”

programaSi. gamokiTxuli maswavleblebi aRniSnaven, rom skolebSi kompiuteruli

laboratoriebis Seqmnis Semdeg, kompiuterebis da internetis moxmarebiT moswavleebi

ufro metad dainteresdnen. fokusjgufebis ganxilvebSi qalaqis skolebis ramdenime

maswavlebelma aRniSna, rom isini iyeneben kompiuters internetiT informaciis

mosaZebnad. soflis skolebis maswavleblebi ki, aRniSnaven, rom maT ar aqvT

SesaZlebloba internetiT mopovebuli informaciiT gaamdidron swavlebis procesi,

radgan adgilobrivi internetkavSiri ar arsebobs. vinaidan, qalaqis yvela skola

CarTulia “irmis naxtomis” programaSi, am programis gavlenis SedarebiTi kvleva

SesaZlebelia mxolod soflis skolebTan mimarTebiT. kompiuteruli laboratoriebi

Seiqmna qalaqis yvela skolaSi, Tumca qalaqis skolebis yvela maswavlebels ar

gauvlia treningi. amitom ar aris mizanSewonili qalaqis skolebis kategorizacia

treningebis gavlenis Sefasebisas.

maswavleblebi kmayofilebi arian “irmis naxtomis” treningebiT. maswavleblebis

82% Tvlis, rom treningebi maTTvis produqtiuli iyo da Sedegad maT mier

swavlebisa da, Sesabamisad, swavlis procesi gaumjobesda. vinaidan treningebi am

etapze mxolod elementarul teqnikur unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebas gulisxmobda,

maTSi CarTuli maswavleblebis 22% acxadebs, rom maTi codna mxolod mcirediT

gaizarda, 60% fiqrobs, rom maTi codna gaumjobesda saSualod, xolo 18% ambobs,

rom maTi codna gaumjobesda mniSvnelovnad. am kiTxvaze maswavlebelTa pasuxebSi

mxolod marginaluri gansxvavebebi aRiniSneba “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTul

skolebs Soris.


cxrili 3-93. ramdenad gaumjobesda swavlisa da swavlebis procesi ~irmis naxtomis~ programaSi

CarTvis Sededgad. gamokiTxul iqna mxolod `irmis naxtomis~ programis farglebSi Catarebuli

treningebis monawile maswavleblebi (forma 2. S. 23)6




mcirediT 27 19 34

saSualod 52 45 59

mniSvnelovnad 19 16 23

sul 100

N=163cxrili 3-94. ramdenad gaumjobesda swavlisa da swavlebis procesi ̀ irmis naxtomis~ programaSi

CarTvis Sedegad. `irmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skolebis yvela maswavlebeli (forma 2. S.

23)




mcirediT 28 22 34

saSualod 59 48 67

mniSvnelovnad 12 8 20

sul 100

N=241

Sefasebis jgufma “irmis naxtomis” programis warmatebad miiCnia is, rom

maswavleblebi skolebSi kompiuterebs iyeneben. warmatebis indikatori gulisxmobs,

rom maswavlebeli metad komfortulad muSaobs kompiuterTan da misTvis kompiuteri

xelmisawvdomia. mosalodnelia maswavlebelTa treningebisa da kompiuterebiT

momaragebis axal fazaze gadasvla, Tumca “irmis naxtomi” am mimarTulebiT

erTaderTi xeliSemwyobi piroba rodia. gamokiTxvam gviCvena, rom maswavleblebis

65% ar iyenebs kompiuters saxlSi an skolis gareT. soflis skolebSi, romlebic

“irmis naxtomis” programaSi ar arian CarTulni, kompiuterebis gamoyenebis indeqsi

gacilebiT dabalia. rogorc mosalodneli iyo, qalaqis skolebSi ufro maRalia

im maswavleblebis procentuli raodenoba (46 %), vinc iyenebs kompiuters skolis

gareT. soflis skolebSi aseTi maswavleblebis raodenoba 21 %-ia.

6 SekiTxva daisva “irmis naxtomis” konteqstSi. dauzustebelia, upasuxa Tu ara im 23-ma maswavlebelma, romelic CarTuli iyo

“irmis naxtomis” treningSi, am SekiTxvas, raTa mieniSnebina am programaSi gaumjobesebis elementebis ararsebobaze.


cxrili 3-95. iyenebT Tu ara kompiuters saxlSi an skolis gareT (forma 2. S. 17)




diax 65 60 70

ara 35 28 41

sul 100

N=688

cxrili 3-96. iyenebT Tu ara kompiuters saxlSi an skolis gareT (forma 2. S. 17)

respondentis kategoria Ddiax %

Ti an xi

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4621

44.42 0.000

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


462146

46.13 0.008


skola soflad ìrmis naxtomis~ programis gareSe

255

31.11 *

ìrmis naxtomis~ treningebiT

ìrmis naxtomis~ treningebis gareSe

4531

11.95 0.001

*#=23 soflad an mTian regionSi “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli skola,

albaTobis gamoTvla, romlis ganzogadebac SesaZlebeli iqneboda qveynis masStabiT

SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda.

maswavleblebis mier kompiuterebis gamoyenebis potenciuri barieria

teqnologiebis saswavlo procesSi gamoyenebis meTodebis arakmarisi codna.

maswavleblebis 47% aRniSna, rom ar ician, rogor daukavSiron teqnologiebi TavianT

sagnebs. gasakviria, rom maswavleblebis mxolod 36% afasebs sakuTar Tavs dabali

maCvenebliT kompiuteris da internetis gamoyenebaSi, xolo SedarebiT didi raodenoba

maswavleblebisa (49 %) Tavs saSualod afasebs. gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom

termini “saSualos” ganmartebac albaT gansxvavebulad aRiqmeba sxvadasxva qveyanasa

da kulturaSi. saerTo jamSi, zogadad qalaqis skolis maswavleblebi da aseve “irmis

naxtomis” proeqtSi monawile maswavleblebi ufro Tavdajerebulad grZnoben Tavs

sainformacio teqnologiebis gamoyenebaSi, vidre maTi kolegebi soflis skolebSi.

sainteresoa, rom kvlevam ar gamoavlina statistikurad mniSvnelovani sxvaobebi

“irmis naxtomis” programiT monawile da programaSi aramonawile maswavlebelTa

pasuxebs Soris.


cxrili 3-97. rogor SeafasebdiT kompiuteris moxmarebaSi Tqvens gawafulobas da unar-

Cvevebs? ramdenad SegiZliaT internetis saSualebiT moiZioT resursebi, studenturi proeqtebis da

ideebi? (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 24)




arc ise kargad 36 29 44

metnaklebad kargad 49 42 56


sul 100

N=443

cxrili 3-98. rogor SeafasebdiT kompiuteris moxmarebaSi Tqvens gawafulobas da unar-

Cvevebs? ramdenad SegiZliaT internetis saSualebiT moiZioT resursebi, studenturi proeqtebi da

ideebi? (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 24)

respondentis kategoriaarc ise

kargad

metnaklebad

kargad

Zalian

kargad χ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

2750

5640

1810

26.51 0.003

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


266136

593150

18814

41.10 0.003

skola 100-ze naklebi moswavliT

skola 100-750 moswavliT

skola 750 moswavliT

413930

484753

111417

4.52 0.508

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skola

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile skola

3048

5441

1611

15.11 0.013


soflad an mTian regionSi



65

48

41

41

11

113.87 0.354



3343

5146

1611

5.91 0.226



3929

4853

1318

3.66 0.475

gaiara ìrmis naxtomis~ treningi

ìrmis naxtomis~ treningSi monawileoba ar miuRia

2940

5546

1514

5.46 0.195

amrigad, maswavleblebi teqnologiebs jer kidev ver iyeneben komfortulad da ar

ician, rogor SeiZleba gamoiyenon kompiuteri swavlebis procesSi. fokus-jgufebSi

maswavleblebma aRniSnes, rom saWiroa damatebiTi treningebi kompiuteris codnis

gasaumjobeseblad. maswavleblebis 63% acxadebs, rom kompiuters moxerxebulad ver

iyenebs. aseTi Sedegi aCvena “irmis naxtomSi” aramonawile maswavlebelTa 67%-ma da

“irmis naxtomSi” monawile maswavlebelTa 55%-ma. es monacemebi “irmis naxtomis”

programis warmatebaze metyvelebs, iseve rogorc kompiuterizaciisa da treningebis

mzard saWiroebebze. programis organizatorebs gaazrebuli unda hqondeT, rom


maT mier organizebuli treningebi mxolod elementaruli teqnikuri unar-Cvevebis

SeZenaSi exmareba maswavleblebs da rom 24saaTiani kursic ki ar iqneba sakmarisi

maswavleblebisaTvis saTanado codnis misaRebad, gansakuTrebiT ki im skolebSi,

romlebic kompiuterebiT jer ar arian momaragebulni.

cxrili 3-99. ar vici kompiuteris gamoyeneba ise kargad, rom saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoviyeno.

gamoikiTxa yvela maswavlebeli (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 21d)




ara 37 31 42

diax 63 58 69

sul 100

“irmis naxtomis” programis dadebiTi gavlena gaizrdeba mas Semdeg, rac programis

mxardaWeriT yvela skola aRWurvili iqneba kompiuterebiT. “irmis naxtomis” farglebSi

igegmeba treningebi, romlebic skolis bazaze moamzadebs maswavlebelTa patara jgufs

da aswavlis, rogor unda gamoiyenon sainformacio da sakomunikacio teqnologiebi

saswavlo gegmis farglebSi. aRniSnuli treningebi daefuZneba ukve Catarebul pirvelad

treningebs da CarTavs maswavleblebis SezRudul raodenobas, raTa miaRwios saministrosa

da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris mizans _ sainformacio da

sakomunikacio teqnologiebis saswavlo gegmebSi integrirebas. Tumca, imTaviTve miznebSi

gaTvaliswinebuli araa maswavlebelTa sayovelTao momzadeba am sferoSi. rekomendebulia,

“irmis naxtomis” programis farglebSi dainergos distanciuri swavlebis meTodebi, rac

adgilobrivi treningebisgan gansxvavebiT, gacilebiT ufro meti maswavleblisTvis iqneba

xelmisawvdomi. gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom am meTodis danergvam SesaZloa konkurencia

gauwios “irmis naxtomis” farglebSi ukve dagegmil mciremasStabian treningebs. winamdebare

kvleva miznad ar isaxavs am ori meTodis xarjebisa da efeqturobis Seswavlas, Tumca

unda aRiniSnos, rom resursebis gamiznulad xarjvas (mag: “teqtreningebi”) mniSvnelovan

saWiroebebze Cveulebriv ufro dadebiTi Sedegi aqvs.

cxrili 3-100. ar vici kompiuteris gamoyeneba ise kargad, rom saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoviyeno.

gamoikiTxa yvela maswavlebeli (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 21d)

respondentis kategoria diax t-cvladi albaToba #


an mTian regionSi



71

740.06 *

167

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skola mTian

regionSi

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile skola aramTian

regionSi

87

4311.69 * 90


ìrmis naxtomis~ treningSi monawileoba ar miuRia

5567

6.91 0.103 511

*albaTobis gamoTvla qveynis masStabiT gansazogadeblad SeuZlebeli

aRmoCnda


iseve rogorc sxva sakiTxebis kvlevisas, Sefasebis jgufi am SemTxvevaSic

ar eyrdnoba erTi kiTxvis pasuxebs da maswavlebebs usvams 6 kiTxvas, raTa maT

mier kompiuteris profesiuli miznebisTvis gamoyenebis sakiTxi siRrmiseulad

gamoikvlios da erTiani indeqsi gamoiyvanos. individualur SekiTxvebze gacemuli

pasuxebi warmodgenilia qvemoT.

cxrili 3-101. viyeneb kompiuters an internets instruqciebis Tanaxmad (maswavleblis forma 2.

S. 20a)




arasodes 70 62 77

weliwadSi erTxel 5 2 7


TveSi erTze metjer 9 6 11

sul 100

SeniSvna N=443

cxrili 3-102. vamzadeb masalebs moswavleebisTvis kompiuteris gamoyenebiT (maswavleblis forma

2. S. 20b)




arasodes 57 49 65




sul 100

SeniSvna N=616

cxrili 3-103. vamzadeb tests an davalebas moswavleebisTvis kompiuteris gamoyenebiT

(maswavleblis forma 2. S. 20c)




arasodes 58 50 67




sul 100

SeniSvna N=618


cxrili 3-104. viyeneb eleqtonul fostas profesiuli miznebisTvis (maswavleblis forma 2. S.

20d)




arasodes 83 76 87




sul 100

SeniSvna N=598

cxrili 3-105. viyeneb kompiuters an internets saswavlo resursebis mosaZieblad (maswavleblis

forma 2. S. 20e)




arasodes 66 60 72




sul 100

SeniSvna N=609

cxrili 3-106. aZlevT Tu ara moswavleebs iseT davalebas, romelic kompiuteris an internetis

gamoyenebas saWiroebs (maswavleblis forma 2. S. 20v)




arasodes 74 70 79




sul 100

SeniSvna N=605

imisaTvis, rom zustad gagverkvia ramdenad iyeneben maswavleblebi kompiuters an

internets profesiuli miznebisაTvis, Sefasebis jgufma gaaerTiana am eqvsi SekiTxvis

pasuxebi erT indeqsad. TiToeuli erTeulisTvis 0 aRniSnavs pasuxs “arasodes”, 1 –

weliwadSi erTxel, 2 – TveSi erTxel an ufro iSviaTad, 3 – TveSi erTze metjer. maCveneblebis

jami gayofilia eqvsze, anu SekiTxvebis raodenobaze. kompiuteris gamoyenebis saSualo


maCveneblia 0.67, rac imas niSnavs, rom ama Tu im kiTxvaze umetes SemTxvevaSi maswavleblebis

pasuxi iyo weliwadSi erTxel. aRniSnuli maCvenebeli Zalian dabalia. kidev erTxel

gvinda xazi gavusvaT, rom qalaqis skolebis da “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli

skolebis maswavleblebi ufro xSirad iyeneben kompiuters da internets, xolo “irmis

naxtomis” programis farglebSi Catarebuli treningis monawile maswavleblebi yvelaze

xSirad iyeneben kompiuters da internets. soflis skolebSi Catarebuli treningebis

raodenoba da kompiuteris gamoyeneba Zalian SezRudulia. es Sedegi mosalodneli iyo,

radgan sofelSi momuSave treningebSi monawile maswavleblebis ori mesamedi skolebSi

jer kidev araa Setanili kompiuterebi an ar arsebobs internetkavSiri.

saSualo maCvenebeli min maqs standartuli deviacia

0.67 0 3 0.82

SeniSvna N=574

cxrili 3-108. kompiuteris gamoyenebis indeqsi profesiuli miznebisTvis, kategoriebis mixedviT

(maswavleblis forma 2. S. 21a-f)

respondentis kategoria diaxt an χ2 cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

skola soflad

0.990.29

8.72 0.00



0.950.23

9.67 0.00

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli skola soflad an mTian regionSi

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile skola soflad an mTian

regionSi

0.35

0.29


treningebiT


treningis gareSe

0.17

0.170.01 0.998

gaiara ìrmis naxtomis~ treningi, muSaobs ìrmis naxtomis~ farglebSi

aRWurvil skolaSi

yvela danarCeni skola

1.20

0.536.35 0.000

3.2.9. daskvnebi: maswavleblebis treningi, profesiuli

ganviTareba, axali saswavlo gegma, Sefaseba

• mimdinare reformebis Sedegad metnaklebad gaumjobesda swavlis Sedegebi.

saWiroa damatebiTi kvleva zusti mizezSedegobriobis dasadgenad.

• maswavleblebis umetesoba dadebiTad aris ganwyobili skolis bazaze

Catarebuli treningebisadmi. Tumca, amavdroulad aRniSnaven, rom swavlebis axali

meTodikis gamosayeneblad treningebis naklebobas ganicdian.

• soflis, qalaqis an mTiani regionis yvela skolas aqvs saSualeba monawileoba

miiRos Sidasaskolo an saswavlo gegmaze farglebSi organizebul treningebSi.

maswavleblebis TiTqmis naxevari acxadebs, rom daeswrnen Sidasaskolo trenings,

xolo 63% ambobs, rom monawileobdnen erovnuli saswavlo gegmis farglebSi

Catarebul treningebSi.

• maswavleblebi icnoben aqtiuri swavlebis meTodikas da Sesabamis magaliTebs,

Tumca Tvlian, rom es informacia sakmarisi ar aris.


• damokidebuleba aqtiuri swavlebis meTodikisadmi gaumjobesda mimdinare

reformebis fonze. bevr maswavlebels sjera, rom axali meTodebi adekvaturia

da srulyofili. zogierTi maswavleblis damokidebuleba gaurkvevelia da

araTanmimdevruli.

• gamokiTxul maswavlebelTagan yvela iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs

sxvadasxva sixSiriT. TavisTavad es faqtic, warsulTan SedarebiT, umniSvnelovanesi

cvlilebaa. miuxedavad imisa, rom izrdeba aqtiuri swavlebis meTodikis codna,

maswavleblebi umeteswilad mainc pasiur da tradiciul meTodebs inarCuneben, an

iyeneben ama Tu im axal meTods meqanikurad da xSir SemTxvevaSi aramarTebulad.

• fokusjgufebSi araerTxel aRniSnes, rom maRali klasis moswavleebi mxolod

misaRebi gamocdebisTvis swavloben, rac Cveuli movlenaa im qveynebisTvis, sadac misaReb

gamocdebze Sefasebis maRali standartebia dawesebuli. es problema nawilobriv

mogvarebulia im qveynebSi, sadac universitetSi Casabareblad mniSvneloba eniWeba

akademiur moswrebas skolaSi.

• maswavleblebi ZiriTadad dadebiTad axasiaTeben axal saswavlo gegmas. maTi

umravlesoba momzadebulia axali saswavlo gegmiT swavlebisTvis, Tumca amave dros,

aRniSnaven damatebiTi treningebisa da magaliTebis aucileblobas.

• maswavleblebi fiqroben, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi, romlebic

integrirebuli swavlebis da praqtikuri sakiTxebis swavlazea orientirebuli,

moswavleebs damoukideblad muSaobis saSualebas aZlevs.

• swavlebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebis pirveli xelisSemSleli pirobaa

resursebis da teqnikuri aRWurvilobis ukmarisoba, maRalkontigentiani klasebi

qalaqis skolebSi, gakveTilis xangrZlivobis simcire, drois ukmarisoba axali

meTodebis gamosayeneblad da araxelsayreli garemo skolaSi.

• maswavleblebis umetesoba fiqrobs, rom axali saswavlo gegmebi yvela

donis moswavlis Tanabrad swavlebisTvis Sesaferisia. Tumca aucilebelia im

maswavleblebis gadamzadeba, romlebic ase ar fiqroben.

• axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmis farglebSi, qalaqis skolebi acxadeben, rom

mravalferovan da sxva skolebisgan gansxvavebul programebs sTavazoben moswavleebs,

Tumca gasarkvevia, aris Tu ara es warsuli praqtikisgan gansxvavebuli suraTi.

• maswavleblebs jer kidev ar esmiT kargad Sefasebis axali sistemis mizani.

maT sWirdebaT miTiTebebi da treningebi Sefasebis sistemis rubrikaSi.

• maswavleblebi, mSoblebi da moswavleebi Tvlian, rom Sefasebis 10-qulian

sistema mouxerxebelia.

• ar gvaqvs zusti monacemebi imis gasarkvevad, treningebis TvalsazrisiT

romelia upiratesi _ sapilote Tu saimplementacio skola. axali saswavlo gegmebis

gamosayeneblad ufro metad sapilote skolebis maswavleblebi Tvlian Tavs mzad,

Tumca amave dros miiCneven, rom maTi treningi sakmarisi ar iyo. sapilote skolebis

maswavlebeli didi nawili ambobs, rom iyenebs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebs, Tumca

saklaso dakvirvebebma es ar daadastura. sapilote skolebis yvelaze susti mxarea

gavrcelebis gzebis bundovaneba, xolo saimplementacio skolebis udidesi problemaa

treningebSi monawile TanamSromlebis arasakmarisi motivacia.

• igegmeba grZelvadiani treningebi moqmedi maswavleblebisTvis, Tumca rogorc

Cans, am gegmaSi mxolod erTjeradi treningebi moiazreba licenzirebisaTvis. pro-

fesiis dauflebis procesSi maswavlebelTa treiningebis Secvla savaraudod Zalian

neli procesi iqneba. miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, rogorc Cans, maswavleblebi

aseve gadian treningebs TviTdafinansebiT, raTa mogvianebiT licenzia moipovon.

Tumca, damoukidebeli treningebis saWiroebis mizezi jerjerobiT daudgenelia.


• miuxedavad imisa, rom bevri maswavlebeli dadebiTad aris ganwyobili

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisa da profesiuli ganviTarebis kuTxiT maTi

mxardaWeris mimarT, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis umravlesobas realurad ar aqvs

saTanado momzadeba da resursebi imisaTvis, rom maswavleblebs daxmareba gauwion.

• sagnobrivi fakultetebis dafuZneba win gadadgmuli nabijia maswavleblebis

profesiuli urTierTobebis ganviTarebisaken, magram maswavlebelTa Sexvedrebi

Zalze iSviaTia. skolebs Soris kavSirebi gaumjobesda reformamdel periodTan

SedarebiT, Tumca jer kidev SezRudulia.

• maswavleblebi ZiriTadad kmayofilebi arian “irmis naxtomis” programis

farglebSi Catarebuli treningebiT. “irmis naxtomis” treningis monawile maswavleblebi

ufro xSirad iyeneben kompiuters saxlSi an skolis gareT profesiuli miznebisTvis.

• maswavleblebis umravlesoba, “irmis naxtomis” treningebSi monawile

maswavleblebis CaTvliT, iSviaTad an saerTod ar iyenebs kompiuters skolaSi

an skolis gareT, ar SeuZliaT kompiuteris saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoyeneba da

kargad ar esmiT, rogor SeiZleba teqnologiebis swavlebis procesSi gamoyeneba.

soflis skolebSi dasaqmebuli maswavleblebi ufro iSviaTad iyeneben kompiuters

an internets, vidre qalaqis da regionebis.

3.3. saswavlo da damatebiTi masalebis miwodeba,

socialuri da fizikuri saswavlo garemo

Sefasebis jgufis erT-erTi amocana iyo gaerkvia, Tu ra gavlenas axdens skolis

socialuri da fizikuri garemo moswavlis swavlis potencialze. am nawilSi

ganxilulia saswavlo da damatebiTi masalebis, axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi

Seqmnili axali saxelmZRvaneloebis da kompiuteruli aRWurvilobis roli, swavlis

procesis SesaZlo barierebi, swavlis gaRrmavebis SesaZleblobebi, skolisa da

klasis fizikuri garemo, ramac SeiZleba gavlena iqonios reformis warmatebaze.

3.3.1. klasgareSe RonisZiebebi

aqtiur gonebas swavlis procesTan erTad aqtiuri sxeuli da klasgareSe

fizikuri saqmianoba esaWiroeba. klasgareSe RonisZiebebi energiis daxarjvis da

swavlis procesis saintereso, ufro aqtiuri da damoukidebeli formaa. amdenad,

Sefasebis jgufma moiZia inforomacia skolebSi klasgareSe RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb.

aRniSnuli sakiTxis kvlevisas, yvelaze rTuli gamokiTxvis meTodiT klasgareSe

aqtivobebSi saganmanaTleblo datvirTvis dadgena iyo. msgavsi proporciulobis

Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso literaturaSic ki ar arsebobs sayovelTao SeTanxmeba.

amitom, Sefasebis jgufi mxolod imis garkveviT Semoifargla, arsebobda Tu ara

klasgareSe RonisZiebebi skolebSi.

aRmoCnda, rom skolebis mxolod 52% sTavazobs moswavleebs klasgareSe

RonisZiebebs. es maCvenebeli sagrZnoblad dabalia sxva qveynebTan SedarebiT.

gamokiTxvam daadgina, rom qalaqis skolebi ufro met klasgareSe aqtivobebs

sTavazoben moswavleebs vidre skolebi soflad. ixileT qvemoT moyvanili cxrili.

“irmis naxtomis” programis rekomendaciis mixedviT, klasgareSe aqtivobebis erT-

erTi magaliTi iyo gakveTilebis Semdeg sportul an kompiuterul klasebSi

moswavleebis CarTva. saWiroa damatebiTi kvlevis Catareba moswavleebTan, raTa

gairkves am aqtivobebis saganmanaTleblo Sinaarsi da yvela moswavlisaTvis

klasgareSe RonisZiebebis xelmisawvdomoba.


cxrili 3-109. ramdeni klasgareSe aqtivoba funqcionirebs Tqvens skolaSi (maswavleblis forma

2. S. 10)




ar vici 19 12 26

0 15 10 20

1-4 52 45 58

5-10 14 8 19

10+ 0 2

sul 100

SeniSvna N=699

cxrili 3-110. ramdeni klasgareSe aqtivoba funqcionirebs Tqvens skolaSi (maswavleblis forma

2. S. 10)

respondentis kategoria 0 1-4 5-10 10+ χ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

1720

5968

2311

10

15.13 0.16


skola aramTian regionSi

1918

7463

717

01

3.09 0.376

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


171721

596969

231410

110

14.56 0.444

skola soflad, aramTian regionSi

skola mTian raionSi

1721

6969

1410

10

2.77 *


skola 750-ze meti moswavliT

1819

6751

1426

03

22.31 0.064


aRmoCnda

3.3.2. swavlis xelisSemSleli pirobebi

Sefasebis jgufma Seiswavla garemoebani, romlebic xels uSlis moswavleebs

ganaTlebis kanoniT dadgenili xarisxis ganaTlebis miRebaSi. Seswavlil iqna yvela

xelisSemSleli garemoeba skolaSi misvlis SesaZleblobebidan dawyebuli, fizikur

garemoSi arsebuli xelisSemSeleli pirobebiT damTavrebuli. ZiriTadi problemebia:

maRalkontigentiani klasebi, dabali xarisxis aveji patara zomis saklaso oTaxebSi,

cud amindSi skolamde misvlasTan dakavSirebuli siZneleebi.

maswavleblebis fokus-jgufebidan gairkva, rom yvelaze seriozuli problemaa

maRalkontigentiani klasebi. fondebis simciris gamo, skolebi ver axerxeben dayon 38-

40 moswavlisgan dakompleqtebuli klasebi SedarebiT mcire zomis klasebad. am zomis

klasebSi ki Zalian rTulia maswavlebelma individualurad imuSaos yvela bavSvTan

da daakmayofilos TiToeulis saWiroebebi Sefasebis axali meTodebiT dadgenili

wesiT. maswavleblebis TxuTmeti procenti acxadebs, rom maT klasSi sul mcire 30


moswavlea, maswavleblebis 26% klasSi sul mcire 25 moswavle hyavs. konsolidirebuli

skolebis maswavleblebis mxolod 14% acxadebs, rom maT klasebSi moswavleebis

raodenoba gaizarda konsolidaciis Semdeg. Tuki konsolidaciis procesis saboloo

Sedegi iqneba maswavleblebis raodenobis Semcireba (ixileT nawili 4), maSin ufro meti

maswavlebeli dadgeba am problemis winaSe da interaqtiuli meTodebis danergvisas

maRalkontigentiani klasebi iqneba udidesi damabrkolebeli piroba.

Sefasebis jgufma gamoikvlia ramdenad anawileben maswavleblebi moswavleebs

doneebis da SesaZleblobebis mixedviT. saerTod, saganmanaTleblo kvlevebi

cxadyofs, rom amgvari danawileba kidev ufro aferxebs susti moswavleebis swavlis

process. gamokiTxvam gvaCvena, rom saqarTvelos skolebSi es sakiTxi problematuri

araa. maswavleblebs esmiT, rom klasebSi moswavleebi doneebis da SesaZleblobebis

mixedviT ar arian danawilebuli.

cxrili 3-111. moswavleebi klasebSi doneebis da SesaZleblobebis mixedviT arian ganawilebuli





diax 8 5 10

ara 86 82 91

ar vici 6 2 10

SeniSvna N=668

saklaso dakvirvebebma gvaCvena, rom klasebis 17%-Si merxebi da skamebis zoma

moswavleebisTvis Seuferebelia. klasebis 16% erTi moswavleze erTi skamic ki ar

aris gaTvlili. klasebis 11% ki araa merxebis sakmarisi raodenoba. klasebis 10%

carcis an dafebis naklebobaa, xolo klasebis 17% sxva saweri masalebis nakleboba.

saerTo jamSi, soflis skolebi ukeTesad aRWurvili aRmoCnda (saweri masalebis

naklebobaa klasebis 12%), maSin roca es problema ufro masStaburia qalaqis

skolebSi (saweri masalebis naklebobaa klasebis 34%). cxadia es cifrebi gvaCvenebs,

rom arsebobs problema, Tumca ara imdenad didi, rogorc araoficialuri saubrebis

dros gamoikveTa. kategoriebis mixedviT mniSvnelovani sxvaobebi ar gamovlenila

qalaqisa Tu soflis skolebsa da did Tu patara skolebs Soris. Tumca aRmoCnda, rom

problema ufro mwvavea saSualo skolis klasebSi Semdegi disciplinebisTvis: zusti

mecnierebebi, sainformacio teqnologiebi da sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi.

Sefasebis jgufma gamoikvlia, ramdenad gaumjobesda fizikuri infrastruqtura

konsolidirebul skolebSi, klasebis infrastruqturis SefasebiT da mcire an

saSualo zomis skolebis mdgomareobis SedarebiT (im skolebiSi sadac moswavleebis

raodenoba saSualo cifrs _ 555-s _ ar aRemateba). unda aRiniSnos, rom aq aRwerilia

konsolidirebuli da arakonsolidirebuli skolebis SedarebiTi mdomareoba

(am sakiTxis ufro detaluri kvleva ixileT nawilSi 4). gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom

konsolidaciis Sedegad problemebi, romlebic skolebis winaSe idga ar aRmofxvrila,

Tumca gasaTvaliswinebelia is, rom Seswavlili ar aris ukve konsolidirebuli

skolebis adrindeli mdgomareoba.

amitom mjelobis interperetaciisas sifrTxilea saWiro. monacemebi warmodgenilia

qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSi:


cxrili 3-112. saswavlo garemo klasSi da saswavlo masalebi

pasuxi diax



aris Tu ara klasSi moswavlisTvis Sesaferisi zomis merxebi

da skamebi? 83 73 93

aris Tu ara sul mcire erTi skami TiToeul moswavleze? 84 75 93

aris Tu ara merxebis sakmarisi raodenoba? 86 82 95

aris Tu ara carci/saweri dafa? 90 85 95

aris Tu ara saweri masalebis dafisTvis? 83 75 90

N=484

cxrili 3-113. aris Tu ara merxebis da skamebis zoma moswavleebisTvis Sesaferisi (saklaso

dakvirveba S. 27)

respondentis kategoria diax χ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

7386

-2.26 0.039

skola mTian raionSi

skola aramTian raionSi

8084

-0.22 0.827

skola soflad mTian raionSi

skola soflad aramTian raionSi

8588

-0.30 *

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi: < 555

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi: > 555

8382

-0.12 0.905

patara skola: moswavleebis raodenoba < 100

saSualo skola: moswavleebis raodenoba 100-750

didi skola: moswavleebis raodenoba >750

808476

1.80 0.632

konsolidirebuli skola

patara arakonsolidirebuli skola

8383

-0.04 0.971


arasapiloteskola

9381

1.55 0.142



8383

0.04 0.971



83

830.04 0.971

moswavle/maswavlebebis Tanafardoba: < 0

moswavle/maswavlebebis Tanafardoba: > 0

8383

0.13 0.896


saSualo an orive tipis klasebis maswavlebeli

9078

2.79 0.014

maTematika, mecnierebebi, buneba, informatika

enebi an qarTuli ena

istoria, socialuri mecnierebebi, xelovneba

869295

5.54 0.020

sxva sagnebi

maTematika, mecnierebebi, informatika an buneba

9386

-2.85 0.012


aRmoCnda


cxrili 3-114. aris Tu ara sul mcire erTi skami mainc TiToeul moswavleze (saklaso

dakvirveba S. 28)


qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8185

-0.66 0.520

skola mTian raionSi


8484

-0.01 0.990



8585

0.01 *



8484

0.00 0.997




838581

0.46 0.88


arasapilote skola

9283

1.27 0.225



8883

0.80 0.437



88

830.80 0.437


arakonsolidirebuli skola

8398

2.83 0.013




889493

4.72 0.051



7892

2.69 0.017

sxva sagnebi


9488

-1.64 0.122



8582

-0.31 0.760


aRmoCnda


cxrili 3-115. aris Tu ara klasSi merxebi sakmarisi raodenobiT, yvela moswavlisTvis (saklaso

dakvirveba S. 29)


qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8489

-1.08 0.299

skola mTian raionSi


8589

-0.36 0.726


skola soflad aramTian raionSi 8993

-0.40 *



8985

-0.73 0.478




918881

1.75 0.641


arasapilot eskola

9388

0.71 0.490



8889

-0.12 0.908


arasapilotes kola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

88

89-0.12 0.908



8998

2.85 0.013



8198

4.51 0.000




959795

1.30 0.398

sxva sagnebi


9795

-0.67 0.511



8986

-0.65 0.526


aRmoCnda


cxrili 3-116. aris Tu ara klasSi dafaze saweri masalebi (saklaso dakvirveba S. 31)


qalaqis skola

soflis skola

6688

-2.53 0.023

skola mTian raionSi


8881

0.61 0.553



9884

0.56 *



8564

-1.49 0.156




928155

18.83 0.053


arasapilote skola

9381

1.20 0.247



7884

-0.80 0.434



78

84-0.80 0.434



8494

2.19 0.046



7494

4.53 0.000




908893

1.06 0.519

sxva sagnebi


9090

0.06 0.954



8574

-1.26 0.228


aRmoCnda

daswrebis sakiTxi potenciurad udidesi xelisSemSleli pirobaa swavlis

procesSi. gamokiTxvam gvaCvena, rom mcire raodenobis skolebisTvis es marTlac

problemas warmoadgens. maswavleblebis daaxloebiT 88% ambobs, rom mxolod

ramdenime moswavle ver axerxebs uamindobis gamo skolaSi mosvlas. Tumca, meore mxriv,

maswavleblebis 12% Tvlis, rom cudi amindi skolaSi siarulisTvis mniSvnelovani

damabrkolebeli pirobaa. es problema ufro aqtualuria maRalmTian regionebSi. aq

maswavleblebis 29% Tvlis, rom maTi moswavleebis umravlesobisaTvis cudi amindi

seriozuli dabrkolebaa. sainteresoa, rom statistikurad mniSvnelovani sxvaobebi

ar dafiqsirda qalaqis da soflis skolebs Soris. mogvianebiT, erT-erT nawilSi

aRniSnulia, rom direqtorebis 80% moswavleebis daswrebis dabal maCvenebels

satransporto saSualebebis simciriT xsnis.


cxrili 3-117. moswavleebis ra raodenobas ar SeuZlia skolaSi misvla cudi amindis gamo





Zalian cota 48 39 57

cota 40 37 47

mniSvnelovani nawili 12 7 17

sul 100

SeniSvna N=712

cxrili 3-118. moswavleebis ra raodenobas ar SeuZlia skolaSi misvla cudi amindis gamo


respondentis kategoria Zalian cota cotamniSvnelovani

nawiliχ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4749

4238

1113

1.51 0.682

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


473970

424327

11183

36.97 0.002

skola soflad, aramTian regionSi

skola mTian raionSi

3970

4327

183

38.79 *


aRmoCnda

kidev erTi barieri swavlis procesSi, romelic sxva qveynebisTvis aris

damaxasiaTebeli, aris maswavleblebis mier gakveTilis gacdena. am SemTxvevaSi

moswavleebs gakveTili an ucdebaT an sxva klass uerTdebian. rogorc gairkva,

saqarTvelos skolebSi es problema ar dgas, radgan direqtorebis gancxadebiT,

drodadro maswavleblebis mxolod 8% acdens gakveTils.

skolis gareT arsebuli xarisxiani saswavlo aqtivobebis Rirebuleba aseve

warmoadgens problemas Raribi ojaxis bavSvebisTvis. saqarTveloSic arsebobs

es problema. direqtorTa gamokiTxvidan gairkva, rom skolebis umetesoba (88 %)

moswavleebs uzrunvelyofs klasgareSe RonisZiebebiT damatebiTi anazRaurebis

gareSe. skolebis mxolod 12% awesebs mcireoden gadasaxads. umeteswilad

gadasaxadebi dawesebulia qalaqis skolebSi, xolo soflis skolebSi klasgareSe

RonisZiebebi ufasoa.


cxrili 3-119. moswavleebis ixdian Tu ara gadasaxads imisaTvis, rom CaerTon skolis klasgareSe

aqtivobebSi an klubebSi (direqtorebis forma 2. S. 101a)

respondentis kategoria ufasominimaluri

gadasaxadi

saSualo

gadasaxadi

didi

gadasaxadiχ2 cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 68 11 21 0

-3.26 0.005skola soflad 97 2 1 0

skola mTian regionSi 97 3 0 0

# = 82

araoficialuri saubrebidan da wina kvlevidan irkveva, rom kerZo gakveTilebze

moTxovna Zalian didia. zogierTi ojaxi adreuli asakidanve zrunavs SvilebisaTvis

kerZo gakveTilebze. Sefasebis jgufma maswavleblebs sTxova gamoeTvalaT kerZo

gakveTilebis saSualo Rirebuleba.7 medianis maCvenebeli iyo 400 lari, xolo

saSualo maCvenebeli 600 lari. urbanul adgilebSi saSualo maCvenebeli SesaZloa

ufro maRali iyos, Tumca statistikurad mniSvnelovani sxvaobebi ar dafiqsirebula.

maswavleblebis 10% pasuxi iyo saSualod 1500 lari, raionebis mixedviT saSualo

maCveneblebi meryeobs 250 laridan 1000 laramde. yvelaze dabali saSualo maCvenebelic

ki, vfiqrobT, rom sakmaod maRalia da soflad mcxovrebi ojaxebisTvis, romelTac

patara Semosavali aqvT, am Tanxis gadaxda SeuZlebelia.

7 zogadi SekiTxvis meTodi imitom SeirCa, rom Sefasebis jgufis azriT maswavleblebi ufro obieqtur pasuxs mogvcemdnen,

vidre ufro pirdapir SekiTxvaze, rogoricaa, rogoria Tqveni sazRauri kerZo gakveTilebisTvis. amitom, kvleva ar gvTavazobs sa-

Sualo maCveneblebs skolebis mixedviT. maswavleblebma, romlebmac nixri SemogvTavazes, Sefasebis jgufma aiRo saSualo maCvenebeli

monacemebSi dasafiqsireblad.


cxrili 1-120. kerZo gakveTilebis saSualo Rirebuleba wliurad, raionebis mixedviT

(maswavleblebis forma 2. S. 12)


raioni saSualo maCvenebeli qveda zRvari qveda zRvari

1 467 436 497

2 900 784 1015

3 566 382 749

4 790 553 1026

5 515 488 541

6 561 386 734

7 506 482 530

8 1004 873 1135

9 722 662 781

10 598 546 651

11 248 217 278

12 568 486 650

13 498 329 667

14 554 368 739

15 404 346 461

16 802 441 1162

17 864 771 957

18 532 339 664

19 448 397 498

20 261 241 280

# = 291

cxrili 3-121. kerZo gakveTilebis saSualo Rirebuleba adgilmdebareobis mixedviT (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S. 12)

pasuxisavaraudo procentuli

maCvenebeli



qalaqis 606 497 716

soflad 526 351 701

mTiani 701 447 955

sul 100

SeniSvna N=712


3.3.3. skola, saklaso masalebi da saswavlo garemo

3.3.3.1 skola, saklaso masalebi da saswavlo garemo: saxelmZRvaneloebi

Sefasebis jgufma Seiswavla skolebi, saklaso masalebi da saxelmZRvaneloebi.

aRmoCnda, rom maswavleblebis umetesoba iyenebs axal masalebs, Tumca maswavleblebis

daaxloebiT meoTxedi aRniSnavs, rom moswavleebs ar aqvT saxelmZRvaneloebi, xolo

maswavleblebis damxmare gzamkvlevebi yovelTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris. zogadad,

maswavleblebi kmayofilni arian axali saxelmZRvaneloebiTa da maswavlebelTa

damxmare gzamkvlevebiT. erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris wina

kvlevasTan SedarebiT es Sedegi ukeTesobis maCvenebelia. fokusjgufebis ganxilvebSi

ki gamovlinda, rom erT-erTi ZiriTadi problemaa, saxelmZRvaneloebSi sakiTxavi

teqstebis Seusabamoba moswavlis donesa da SesaZleblobasTan.

gamokiTxul maswavlebelTa 57% aRniSnavs, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi

gamoiyeneba maT klasebSi. am TvalsazrisiT, statistikurad mniSvnelovani sxvaobebi

ar dafiqsirebula skolebis adgilmdebareobis, qalaqisa da soflis skolebis

mixedviT.

cxrili 3-122. aris Tu ara axali saswavlo gegmebis mixedviT Sedgenili saxelmZRvaneloebi

xelmisawvdomi Tqvens klasebSi (maswavleblis forma2 S.21)

respondentis kategoria diax

xi

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5955

0.96 0.351

skola mTian raionSi


6057

0.45 0.660

skola soflad

qalaqis skola

skola mTian raionSi

595655

-0.64 0.531


mTiani skola 5655

-0.09 0.921

skola 750 an meti moswavliT

skola 750 an naklebi moswavliT

5758

0.22 0.826


humanitaruli

dawyebiTi

506256

4.29 0.225

SeniSvna N=695

Sefasebis jgufi dainteresda gaerkvia, warmoadgens Tu ara saxelmZRvaneloebis

nakleboba saswavlo procesis xelisSemSlel faqtors, aRsaniSnavia rom es mizezi

gamovlinda erT-erT xelisSemSlel faqtorad sabaziso kvlevaSi. direqtorTa

interviuebidan gairkva, rom skolebs saxelmZRvaneloebi urigdebaT saswavlo

wlis dawyebamde, rig SemTxvevaSi saswavlo wlis dawyebis Semdeg da zogierT

SemTxvevaSi saerTod ar urigdebaT. Sefasebis jgufma gamokiTxa maswavleblebi, raTa

gaerkvia, Tu ramden moswavles ar aqvs saerTod saxelmZRvanelo. maswavleblebis

naxevarze meti (63%) ambobs, rom saxelmZRvanelo aqvs yvelas an ar aqvs Zalian

mcire nawils. Tumca amasaTanave, maswavleblebis 26% acxadebs, rom moswavleTa did

nawils saxelmZRvanelo ar daaqvs skolaSi. soflis da mTiani regionis skolebis


maswavleblebi aRniSnaven, rom moswavleebi ukeT arian momaragebuli wignebiT, vidre

Tavad maswavleblebi. dawyebiTi klasis maswavleblebis Tanaxmad Zalian cotaa

maT klasebSi iseTi moswavle, romelsac saxelmZRvanelo ar aqvs. zusti monacemebi

warmodgenilia qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSi:

cxrili 3-123. klasebSi, sadac axali saswavlo programebi danergilia, moswavleebis ra

raodenobas ar aqvs axali saxelmZRvaneloebi (maswavleblebis forma 1. S. 26)

pasuxi procentuli

maCvenebeli



axali saxelmZRvaneloebi araa mzad Cemi arcerTi

klasisTvis 11 7 15

arcerTs an ramdenimes 10 7 13

mcire nawils 53 46 61

bevrs 26 21 30

sul 100

SeniSvna N=712

cxrili 3-124. klasebSi, sadac axali saswavlo programebia danergili, moswavleebis ra

raodenobas ar aqvs axali saxelmZRvaneloebi (maswavleblebis forma 1. S. 26)

respondentis kategoriaarcerTs an

ramdenimes

mcire

nawilsbevrs

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

15 17

6159

2534

14.71 0.093

skola soflad

qalaqis skola

skola mTian raionSi

1591

615078

244021

32.49 0.001


skola 750 an naklebi moswavliT 817

5961

3222

14.65 0.010

skola Sida-saskolo maswavlebelTa treinigiT

skola Sida-saskolo maswavlebelTa treinigis gareSe

1811

4861

3527

2.03 0.190


humanitaruli

dawyebiTi

8818

626364

303017

7.67 0.177

Sefasebis jgufma sakiTxis ukeT Sesaswavlad saklaso dakvirvebebi ganaxorciela.

aRmoCnda, rom im klasebis 38%, sadac axali programa danergilia, axali saxelmZRvanelo

yvela moswavles ar aqvs.8 damatebiTma kvlevam SesaZloa ukeT cxadyos, Tu ratom

ar aqvT moswavleebs saxelmZRvaneloebi maSin, roca es saswavlo procesisTvis

aucilebeli pirobaa.

8 zustad araa cnobili moswavleebis ra nawils ar hqonda saxelmZRvanelo am klasebSi.


cxrili 3-125. saxelmZRvaneloebi da saswavlo masalebi (saklaso dakvirvebis forma)

pasuxi diax

95%-iani sarwmunoobis

intervali


aris Tu ara axali saxelmZRvaneloebi klasSi? 59 49 70

aris Tu ara sul mcire erTi axali saxelmZRvanelo TiToeul moswavleze? 42 30 53

aris Tu ara axali saxelmZRvaneloebi gamoyenebaSi? 52 42 63

xSirad iyeneben Tu ara axal saxelmZRvaneloebs? 45 36 55

xSirad iyeneben Tu ara damatebiT saswavlo masalebs? 44 37 52

N=484

cxrili 3-126. aris Tu ara sul mcire erTi axali saxelmZRvanelo TiToeuli moswavlisTvis

im klasebSi, sadac swavleba axali programiT mimdinareobs (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.33)

pasuxi

savaraudo

procentuli

maCvenebeli



diax 38 23 53

ara 62 47 77

sul 100

SeniSvna N=712

kvlevam aCvena, rom 2005-2006 wlebis kvlevis SedegebTan SedarebiT (kvleva Caatara

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrma) maswavleblebis damokidebuleba

axali saxelmZRvaneloebisadmi aSkaradD gaumjobesda. 2005-2006 wlebis kvlevaSi,

saxelmZRvaneloebis pilotirebis sawyis etapze, maswavleblebi aRniSnaven, rom

saxelmZRvaneloebi mokle vadebSi daiwera da xarvezebic bevria. winamdebare

kvlevam ki aCvena, rom maswavleblebma ufro metad gaicnes axali saxelmZRvaneloebi

da xarisxic gacilebiT ufro gaumjobesda, radgan gamomcemlebma SeiZines kargi

gamocdileba xarisxiani produqciis gamoSvebaSi. dResdReobiT maswavleblebi ufro

gaiwafnen axali saxelmZRvaneloebis gamoyenebaSi da axla ufro kmayofilebi arian

axali saxelmZRvaneloebis xarisxiT.

zogierT qveyanaSi am sakiTxis kvlevisas aRmoCnda, rom maswavleblebi imis

SiSiT, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi ar daazianon, maT faqtobrivad arc ki iyeneben.

saqarTvelos skolebSi msgavsi problema ar dafiqsirebula. maswavleblebis umetesoba

(81%) gvpasuxobs, rom isini iyeneben axal saxelmZRvaneloebs ramdenime klasTan.

rogorc mosalodneli iyo, sapilote skolebSi aseTi maswavleblebis raodenoba

ufro metia (82%), vidre ara-sapilote skolebSi (67%). statistikurad mniSvnelovani

gansxvavebebi ar dafiqsirebula maswavlebelTa kategoriebis mixedviT. sainteresoa,

rom maswavleblebi, romlebic iyeneben axal meTodebs, ufro xSirad iyeneben axal

saxelmZRvaneloebsac.


cxrili 3-127. ra sixSiriT iyenebT axal saxelmZRvaneloebs Sesabamis klasebSi (maswavleblis

forma S.27)

pasuxi procentuli

maCvenebeli



arc erT an zogierT klasSi 3 1 5

zogierT klasSi 8 5 10

ramdenime klasSi 8 6 10

umetes klasebSi 82 79 85

sul 100

SeniSvna N=712


forma 1 S.27)


arcerT an

ramdenime

klasSi

ramodenime

klasSi

zogierT

klasSi

Uumetes

klasebSi

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

43

78

87

8282

1.16 0.869

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


431

699

876

828184

4.91 0.645


arasapilote skola

03

197

147

6782

8.09 0.151


skola treningebi skolis bazazes gareSe

42

610

79

8479

7.45 0.102



42

512

94

8183

15.89 0.002



43

39

117

8282

8.45 0.058


humanitari

dawyebiTi

137

990

5611

858582

15.58 0.053

`kargad momzadebuli~ (1) maswavleblebi

`moumzadebeli~ maswavleblebi

37

147

97

8371

9.14 0.047

interaqtiuli meTodebis gamoyeneba zogierT

an arcerT klasSi

interaqtiuli meTodebis gamoyeneba bevr/

yevla klasSi

7

1

12

5

14

5

67

8847.18 0

aqtiuri meTodebis dabali/saSualo

gamoyeneba

aqtiuri meTodebis maRali/xSiri gamoyeneba

4

2

9

4

5

9

81

8513.42 0.042

SeniSvna (1): “kargad momzadebuli maswavleblebis kategoriaSi gaerTiandnen

is maswavleblebi, romlebmac maswavleblebis formis me-9 SekiTxvaze – ramdenad

kargad xarT momzadebuli aswavloT axali saswavlo programiT? - upasuxes: “kargad

momzadebuli” “Zalian kargad momzadebuli”


aRniSnuli migneba dadasturda saklaso dakvirvebebis Sedegadac, dadginda, rom

im klasebis 88%-Si sadac danergilia axali saswavlo programebi, saxelmZRvaneloebi

aqtiurad, magram ara universalurad gamoiyeneba.

cxrili 3-129. gamoiyeneba Tu ara axali saxelmZRvaneloebi? mxolod im klasebSi, sadac

danergilia axali programa (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.35)

pasuxi procentuli

maCvenebeli



ara 16 3 28

diax 84 72 97

sul 100

SeniSvna N=306

cxrili 3-130. gamoiyeneba Tu ara axali saxelmZRvaneloebi xSirad? mxolod im klasebSi, sadac

danergilia axali programa (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.36)

pasuxi

savaraudo

procentuli

maCvenebeli



ara 27 8 47

diax 73 53 92

sul 100

SeniSvna N=306fokusjgufebis ganxilvebSi, maswavlebelTa umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom axali

saxelmZRvaneloebi garTulebulia, gansakuTrebiT ki maRali klasebisTvis.

maswavlebelTa gamokiTxvam ki, sapirispiro Sedegi gvaCvena. gamokiTxvis Sedegebis

mixedviT, maswavleblebis mxolod 17% fiqrobs, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi rTulia

da moswavleebis SesaZleblobebs ar Seesabameba. am monacemebis dasazusteblad,

rekomendebulia damatebiTi kvlevis Catareba, gansakuTrebiT ki maRali klasebis

saxelmZRvaneloebTan dakavSirebiT.

cxrili 3-131. ramdenad Seesabameba axali saxelmZRvaneloebi moswavleebis kiTxvis da zogad

unars. yvela maswavlebeli, vinc miiRo axali saxelmZRvanelo (maswavleblis forma S.29)

pasuxi

savaraudo

procentuli

maCvenebeli



kiTxvis da zogad unarebze dabali 7 4 11

kiTxvis da zogad unarebis doneze 61 54 67

kiTxvis da zogad unarebze maRali 13 9 18

ar Seesabameba 19 14 23

sul 100

SeniSvna N=682


cxrili 3-132. ramdenad Seesabameba axali saxelmZRvaneloebi moswavleebis kiTxvis unars. yvela

maswavlebeli kategoriebis mixedviT, vinc miiRo axali saxelmZRvanelo (maswavleblis forma S.29)


zogad

unarebze

dabali

zogadi

unarebis

doneze

zogad

unarebze

maRali

Ti – an xi-kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

144

7179

1517

15.03 0.005

soflis skola

qalaqis skola


1356

717783

161812

23.3 0.07


arasapilote skola

288

6275

1016

11.46 0.009


humanitari

dawyebiTi

12413

738175

151513

9.02 0.398


zogierT an arcerT klasSi


bevr/yevla klasSi

8

7

75

78

17

150.47 0.791

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis dabali/

saSualo gamoyeneba

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis maRali/xSiri

gamoyeneba

14

7

69

77

17

165.66 0.191

maswavleblebma fokusjgufebis ganxilvebSi aRniSnes, rom maswavleblebis

gzamkvlevebi Zalian sasargebloa, Tumca aris mxolod mwiri raodenobiT. gamokiTxvidan

gairkva, rom maswavleblebis gzamkvlevebi daurigda gamokiTxuli maswavleblebis

51%, xolo danarCen 49% ar aqvs gzamkvlevi. statistikurad mniSvnelovani sxaobebi

ar gamovlenila qalaqis da soflis skolebis mixedviT an sxvadasxva sagnis

maswavleblebs Soris, Tumca mcirekontigentiani skolis maswavleblebisTvis, rogorc

Cans gzamkvlevebi ufro xelmisawvdomia.

cxrili 3-133. gawvdiT Tu ara informacias maswavleblis gzamkvlevi swavlebis axali meTodebis

Sesaxeb. mxolod is maswavleblebi visac aqvs axali saxelmZRvaneloebi (maswavleblis forma2 S.29)


xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5861

-0.84 0.412

skola mTian raionSi


5360

-0.67 0.512

qalaqis skola

skola soflad

skola mTian raionSi

625861

0.93 0.795


skola 750 an naklebi moswavliT

6352

-2.49 0.025


humanitaruli

dawyebiTi

616261

0.04 0.974

SeniSvna N=690


Sefasebis jgufma gamokiTxa maswavleblebs, Tu ramdenad aris arsebul

gzamkvlevebSi gakveTilis gegmebis sakmarisi raodenoba, gansakuTrebiT mniSvne-

lovania gakveTilis gegmebi im maswavleblebisTvis, romlebic axal meTodebs ar

icnoben. maswavleblebis 46% aRniSna, rom gzamkvlevebi Seicavs gakveTilis gegmebis

da aqtiuri swavlebis aqtivobebis nimuSebis sakmaris raodenobas, xolo 28% Tvlis,

rom gzamkvlevebi moicavs arasakmarisi raodenobis nimuSebs (danarCeni 19% ar icnobs

axal programebs). sainteresoa, rom sxvaobebi ar gamovlinda sxvadasxva sagnebis

gzamkvlevebis SefasebaSi.

cxrili 3-134. ramdenad sakmarisia maswavleblebis gzamkvlevSi mocemuli gakveTilis gemebisa

da aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis magaliTebi (maswavleblis forma S.31)

pasuxi

savaraudo

procentuli

maCvenebeli



arasakmarisi 28 23 32

daaxloebiT imdeni, ramdenic saWiroa 46 37 55

sakmarisze meti 7 5 9

ar Seesabameba 19 14 25

sul 100

SeniSvna N=685

cxrili 3-135. ramdenad sakmarisia maswavleblebis gzamkvlevSi mocemuli gakveTilis gemebisa

da aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis nimuSebi (im maswavleblebis gamoklebiT, visac es kiTxva ar

Seesabameba (maswavleblis forma2 S.31)


Zalian

mcire

moculobis

daaxloebiT

imdeni,ramdenic

saWiroa

sakmarisze

meti

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

3731

5361

107

3.78 0.388

qalaqis skola

skola soflad

skola mTian raionSi

292430

425054

775

9.93 0.006


arasapilote skola

1635

6557

198

6.52 0.121


humanitaruli

dawyebiTi

393630

515753

10617

5.76 0.440

3.3.3.2. saskolo da saklaso masalebi da fizikuri garemo: damatebiTi resursebi da biblioTekis

masalebi

damatebiTi saswavlo masalebi

am nawilis pirvel qveTavSi ganxilulia iseTi damatebiTi masalebis

xelmisawvdomoba da gamoyeneba axali saswavlo gegmebisa da aqtiuri swavlebis


farglebSi, rogorebicaa ZiriTadi saxelmZRvaneloebis garda arsebuli wignebi,

TamaSebi, plakatebi da a.S. Sedegebi gvaCvenebs, rom damatebiTi resursebi dReisaTvis

jer kidev mcirea. miuxedvad imisa, rom yvela skolaSi aris biblioTeka, wignebi jer

kidev araa yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi. Sefasebis Sedegebi aseve gvaCvenebs, saskolo

biblioTekebis programis mcire zegavlenas soflis skolebze.

yvela maswavlebeli aRniSnavs, rom damatebiTi masalebis deficiti abrkolebs

saswavlo process. kvlevam gamoavlina, rom am mxriv mcireodeni dadebiTi cvlilebebi

SeiniSneba, Tumca Sefasebis jgufma ver daadgina rogori mdgomareoba iyo am mxriv

reformamde. skolebis direqtorebis umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom skolis biujetSi

arasakmarisi fondebia iseTi elementaruli sakancelario nivTebis SesaZenad,

rogorebicaa webovani qaRaldebi, skoCi, muyao, rac skolebs sWirdeba aucilebeli

damatebiTi saswavlo resursebis da damxmare vizualuri masalebis Sesaqmnelad.

es resursebi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania dawyebiTi klasebisaTvis, iseve rogorc

samecniero da sabunebismetyvelo sagnebis swavlebisTvis.

fokusjgufebis Tanaxmad, saklaso oTaxebSi aRiniSneba damatebiTi saswavlo

masalebis nakleboba. saklaso dakvirvebebma gvaCvena, rom klasebis umetes nawilSi

saerTod ar iyeneben an Zalian iSviaTad iyeneben TamaSebs, klasgareSe saswavlo

wignebs, plakatebs. saklaso dakvirvebebma gvaCvena, rom klasebis 67% ar gamouyenebia

TamaSebi, xolo klasebis 31% iyenebs mxolod erTidan oTxamde TamaSs.9 sagnebis

swavlebaSi aRiniSneba damatebiTi masalebis mniSvnelovani nakleboba. miuxedvad

reformis farglebSi gaxorcielebuli iniciativebisa, aRniSnuli problemis

gadasaWrelad saTanado materialuri baza jer kidev ar arsebobs. mopovebuli

informacis Tanaxmad, klasebis naxevarze meti damatebiT masalebis im SezRudul

raodenobasac ki ar iyenebs, romlebic ukve gadaeca skolebs. kvlevis analizi am

kuTxiT detaluri ar aris, vinaidan saklaso dakvirvebebi siRrmiseuli ar yofila.

amasTan erTad, daudgenelia zustad ra kavSiria klasSi gamoyenebul masalebsa da

damatebiTi masalebis programiT miwodebul resursebs Soris. drois simciris gamo,

ver ganisazRvra, Tu ramdenad warmatebiT iyeneben skolebi damatebiT saswavlo

masalebs SemoqmedebiTi ganviTarebisa da aqtiuri swavlebis dasanergad.

cxrili 3-136. sxva damatebiTi masalebi, TamaSebi (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.44a)

masalebis raodenoba diax



0 66 59 75

1-4 31 24 38

5+ 3 -2 7

sul 100

SeniSvna N=368

9 dawyebiT klasebSi 47% iyenebs 1-4 TamaSs, xolo saSualo klasebSi 15%


cxrili 3-137. wignebi ZiriTadi saswavlo saxelmZRvaneloebis garda (saklaso dakvirvebis

forma S.44a)




0 35 15 56

1-4 54 36 72

5+ 11 6 16

sul 100

SeniSvna N=368

cxrili 3-138. plakatebi (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.44c)




0 39 23 55

1-4 30 20 39

5+ 31 10 52

sul 100

SeniSvna N=399

cxrili 3-139. sxva damatebiTi masalebi (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.44d)




0 40 21 59

1-4 37 19 55

5+ 23 10 35

sul 100

SeniSvna N=317

damatebiTi masalebis kategoriebi gavaerTianeT erT indeqsad, sadac 0 aRniSnavs

0-s, 1 aRniSnavs 1-4-s, da 2 aRniSnavs 5+-s. amgvarad unda dagvedgina, hqonda Tu ara

romelime kategoriis skolas meti an naklebi raodenobis damatebiT saswavlo

masalebi. gamovlinda, rom maRalkontigentian da qalaqis skolebSi, aseve zogadad

saSualo donis klasebSi, damatebiTi resursebi naklebadaa.


cxrili 3-140. damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis xelmisawvdomobis indeqsi (saklaso dakvirveba S.

44a-d)

respondentis kategoria diaxxi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

6.106.90

-2.41 0.037


maRalmTian raionSi

6.637.10

1.23 0.258



6.795.78

-1.88 0.090




6.856.526.11

-0.99 0.345


ara-sapilote skola

6.146.65

-1.40 0.192

maswavleblebis treiningebi skolis bazaze

skola maswavlebelTa treiningis gareSe

6.396.70

-0.65 0.533

Sapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa treiningebiT skolis bazaze

ara-sapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa treiningis gareSe

6.39

6.70-0.65 0.533

saSualo an orive donis maswavlebeli dawyebiTi klasis

maswavlebeli

6.186.98

2.97 0.014




6.376.656.94

0.88 0.399

sxva sagnebi


6.746.37

-0.87 0.403



6.736.16

-1.34 0.210

Sefasebis jgufis davalebiT damkvirveblebma moipoves informacia maswavleblebis

mier damatebiTi masalebis gamoyenebis sixSiris Sesaxeb. aseTi dakvirveba marTalia

subieqturia, magram damkvirveblebis azriT damatebiT masalebs xSirad ar iyeneben.

miuxedavad imisa, rom damatebiTi masalebis gamofena moewyo ramdenime wlis win,

maswavleblebi aRniSnul masalebs aqtiurad mainc ar iyeneben.

cxrili 3-139. sxva damatebiTi masalebi (saklaso dakvirvebis forma S.44d)

pasuxi diax



gamoiyeneba Tu ara damatebiTi saswavlo masalebi aqtiurad? 44 37 52

sul 100

N=484biblioTekis resursebi

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis uaxlesi monacemebis mixedviT (2005-

06) skolebis 22% ar aqvs biblioTeka. direqtorebis da adinistratorebis Tanaxmad,

skolebis 83% aqvs biblioTeka an calke gamoyofili oTaxi, damatebiTi saswavlo


wignebiT da resursebiT. am ori wyarodan mopovebuli informacia niSandoblivad ar

gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan. maswavleblebis gamokiTxvamac, skolebSi biblioTekebis

arsebobis Sesaxeb, analogiuri Sedegebi gvaCvena (“ar vici”-s gamoricxvis Semdeg).

rogorc mosalodneli iyo, biblioTekebi ufro xSirad maRalkontigentian da qalaqis

skolebSia. fizikurad optimizirebul skolebSi savaraudod aris biblioTekebi,

Tumca aseTi skolebis simciris gamo SeuZlebelia Sedegebis ganzogadeba qveynis

masStabiT.

cxrili 3-142. aris Tu ara skolaSi biblioTeka/calke gamoyofili oTaxi wignebisTvis (saskolo

dakvirvebis forma S.38)

pasuxi diax



diax 83 68 98

ara 17 2 32

sul 100

N=103

cxrili 3-143. aris Tu ara skolaSi biblioTeka/calke gamoyofili oTaxi wignebisTvis (saskolo

dakvirvebis forma S.38)

respondentis kategoria diax %xi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

10076

2.48 0.025


maRalmTian raionSi

8683

0.20 0.841



10080

2.40 0.030




4994100

28.58 0.002

cxrili 3-144. aris Tu ara skolaSi biblioTeka an calke gamoyofili oTaxi saswavlo

wignebisTvis da resursebisTvis (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.22)

pasuxi diax



diax 77 69 85

ara 19 11 27

ar vici 4 2 6

sul 100

N=702




respondentis kategoria Ddiax ara ar vicixi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

7381

2415

35

12.14 0.177

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

skola maRalmTian raionSi

817475

142225

540

12.78 0.586

sabiblioTeko programaSi CarTuli skola

sabiblioTeko programaSi aramonawile skola

8973

723

43

23.96 0.004

sabiblioTeko programaSi CarTuli soflis skola

sabiblioTeko programaSi aramonawile soflis skola

8981

715

45

6.22 *

* albaTobis cvladis gamoTvla qyveynis masStabiT gansazogadeblad SeuZlebelia

umetes qveyanaSi, biblioTekis cnebaSi moiazreba ara marto wignebis sacavi oTaxi, aramed

farTi, sadac moswavleebs SeuZliaT kiTxva da muSaoba. aRmoCnda, rom daTvalierebuli

skolebis 94 biblioTekidan 41 procents moswavleebis muSaobisTvis arasakmarisi farTi

aqvs. rac ufro pataraa skola, miT ufro patara farTi uWiravs biblioTekas, es uxeSi

Sefasebaa da kvleva skolebSi biblioTekebisTvis gamoyofili damatebiTi farTis Sesaxeb

ar Catarebula. Tumca, rogorc erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris

direqtorma aRniSna interviuSi, skolebs amgvari damatebiTi farTi ar gaaCniaT.

cxrili 3-146. aqvs Tu ara skolis biblioTekas moswavleebis muSaobisTvis sakmarisi farTi

(saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.40)

pasuxi diax



diax 59 41 77

ara 41 23 59

sul 100

N=94

cxrili 3-147. aqvs Tu ara skolis biblioTekas moswavleebis muSaobisTvis sakmarisi farTi

(saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.40)

respondentis kategoria Ddiax xi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4864

-1.02 0.323

maRalmTiani raioni

ara-maRalmTiani raioni

2163

-3.88 0.001

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi 555 an meti

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi 555-ze naklebi

6159

0.14 0.887




117751

29.62 0.0001


miuxedavad imisa, rom TiTqmis yvela skolaSi aris biblioTeka, erovnuli saswavlo

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris direqtori aRniSnavs, rom saskolo biblioTekebis

programaSi CarTuli skolebis garda, skolebis biblioTekebSi arsebuli resursebi

araadekvaturia da xels ar uwyobs aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis danergvas.

aRniSnuli faqti iyo swored, saskolo biblioTekebis programis motivacia, romelic

ZiriTadad soflis skolebSi ganxorcielda. Sefasebis jgufma Sesabamisad Seiswavla

skolebis administraciebis mosazreba biblioTekebis resursebis Sesaxeb. skolebis

51% administracias eWvi epareba, rom maTi skolebis biblioTekaSi arsebobs iseTi

resursebi, romlebic axali saganmanaTleblo miznebis da saswavlo gegmebis

gaxorcielebas Seuwyobs xels. gamokiTxvebis SedegebSi, zogadad, mniSvnelovani

gansxvavebebi ar dafiqsirebula soflis da qalaqis skolebs Soris, Tumca

mcirekontigentiani skolebSi gamokiTxvis pasuxebi ufro iSviaTad iyo dadebiTi.

saskolo biblioTekebis programaSi CarTuli skolebis mxolod 35% fiqrobs, rom

maT biblioTekaSi arsebuli resursebi xels uwyobs axali saswavlo gegmebis

gaxorcielebas. es maCvenebeli mainc orjer metia am programis miRma darCenili

soflis skolebis maCvenebelze (cxrili 3-151). erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da

Sefasebis centris direqtorma aRniSna, rom Sefasebis sabWos SeeZlo Camoeyalibebina

wignis SerCevis kriteriumebi sxvadasxva sagnobrivi jgufebis mixedviT. am midgomiT

SesaZloa gazrdiliyo saskolo biblioTekebis programaSi CarTuli skolebis

maCvenebeli. Tumca, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom aRniSnuli programa Zalian mcire

raodenobis wignebiT uzrunvelyofs skolebs (107), SesaZloa mocemuli maCvenebeli

arc ki gazrdiliyo.

cxrili 3-147. skolis biblioTekaSi arsebuli wignebi Seesabameba Tu ara ganaTlebis erovnul

miznebs (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.39)

pasuxi diax



diax 51 32 69

ara 49 31 68

sul 100

N=94

cxrili 3-149. skolis biblioTekaSi arsebuli wignebi Seesabameba Tu ara ganaTlebis erovnul

miznebs (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.39)

respondentis kategoria Ddiax xi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

56 48

0.50 0.622

maRalmTiani raioni

ara-maRalmTiani raioni

4551

-0.15 0.883

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi 555 an meti

moswavleebis raodenoba skolaSi 555-ze naklebi

5849

0.54 0.598




205960

10.29 0.086


cxrili 3-150. Tu Tqvens skolaSi aris biblioTeka, Seesabameba Tu ara biblioTekaSi arsebuli

wignebi axali saswavlo gegmebs (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.23)

pasuxi diax



ar aris biblioTeka 4 0 8

diax 20 14 26

metnaklebad 47 39 55

ara 24 17 31

ar vici 4 2 7

sul 100

N=694 SeniSvna: saerTo ricxvi ar Seadgens 100 procents damrgvalebis gamo



respondentis kategoria diax metnaklebad ara

Ti-testis an

xi-kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

soflis skola

qalaqis skola

2218

4847

2028

27.92 0.078



3514

5046

1228

52.93 0.010


sabiblioTeko programaSi aramonawile soflis skola 3518

5047

1227

28.64 *


biblioTekebis arsebobas arsebiTi mniSvneloba ar aqvs Tu maswavleblebisTvis

da moswavleebisTvis saTanado masalebi xelmisawvdomi araa. sxva qveynebSi

gavrcelebulia SemTxvevebi, roca skolis administracia SezRudvebs awesebs

resursebis gamoyenebaze da am gziT icavs resursebs dazianebis an dakargvisgan.

erovnuli saswvalo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris direqtoris Tanaxmad, miuxedavad

imisa, rom resursebi xelmisawvdomi unda iyos, araoficialuri wyaroebidan miRebuli

informaciiT moswavleebisTvis da maswavleblebisTvis resursebi yovelTvis

xelmisawvdomi ar aris, xSir SemTxvevaSi ki, biblioTekebSi arc sakmarisi farTia

kiTxvisa da muSaobisTvis. gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, maswavleblebis 40% ambobs, rom

maTTvis biblioTekaSi arsebuli resursebi yovelTvis xelmisawvdomia, danarCeni

maswavleblebis umetesoba acxadebs, rom maTTvis resursebi xelmisawvdomia

“iSviaTad” da 15%-Tvis ki - “arasodes”. saskolo biblioTekebis programis Sedegebi

Cans maswavleblebis gamokiTxvis SedegebSi. gamovlinda, rom soflis skolis

maswavleblebisTvis gacilebiT ufro xSiradaa xelmisawvdomi biblioTekaSi

arsebuli resursebi, vidre qalaqis skolis maswavleblebisTvis. dawvrilebiTi

informaciisaTvis ixileT qvemoT mocemuli cxrili. iseTi maswavleblebi,

romelTaTvisac resursebi naklebadaa xelmisawvdomi ramdenime konkretul skolas

ar warmoadgenen, rac imas niSnavs, rom konkretuli skolebi mudmivad ar uSlian

maswavleblebs xels gamoiyenon biblioTekaSi arsebuli resursebi. Tumca, aseTi


maswavleblebi mainc jgufebad arian warmodgenilni zogierTi skolebidan, rac

imaze migvaniSnebs, rom problema skolebis administraciidan momdinareobs da ara

maswavleblidan. saministrom da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrma,

albaT saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis meSveobiT, unda ganumartos skolebis

administraciebs, rom biblioTeka xelmisawvdomi unda iyos maswavleblebisTvis.

skolis administraciam an yvela maswavlebeli unda uzrunvelyos biblioTekis

gasaRebiT an biblioTeka Ria unda iyos samuSao saaTebSi.

cxrili 3-151. Tu Tqvens skolaSi arsebobs biblioTeka, ramdenad xelmisawvdomia is da misi

resursebi TqvenTvis (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.24)

pasuxi diax



arasodes 15 9 22

iSviaTad 44 34 54

xSirad 40 29 51

sul 100

SeniSvna: saerTo ricxvi ar Seadgens 100 procents damrgvalebis gamo N=666

cxrili 3-152. Tu Tqvens skolaSi arsebobs biblioTeka, ramdenad xelmisawvdomia is da misi

resursebi TqvenTvis (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.24)

respondentis kategoria arasodes iSviaTad xSirad

xi-kvadratis

an Ti-testis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

1516

5235

3350

23.47 0.048

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


161315

523732

325053

24.88 0.189



420

3448

6133

52.50 0.002


sabiblioTeko programaSi aramonawile soflis

skola

415

3452

6133

40.67 *

`irmis naxtomis~ programis treningebSi monawile

`irmis naxtomis~ treningi ar gauvlia

2940

5546

1514

5.46 0.195

mecniereba/maTematika

humanitaruli

dawyebiTi

141021

475151

393928

7.08 0.232


miuxedavad imisa, rom skolebis biblioTekebSi arsebuli mcire raodenobis

resursebic ki mudmivad xelmisawvdomi ar aris, maswavleblebis didi umravlesoba

(85%) acxadebs, rom maT mier micemuli davalebebis Sesasruleblad moswavleebi

valdebulebi arian gamoiyenon klasgareSe wignebi (Tumca aucilebeli araa skolis

biblioTekidan).


cxrili 3-153. aZlevT Tu ara moswavleebs iseT davalebas, romelic saWiroebs klasgareSe

wignebis/masalebis gamoyenebas (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.25)

pasuxi diax



ki 85 81 86

ara 15 11 19

sul 100

N=698

cxrili 3-154. aZlevT Tu ara moswavleebs iseT davalebas, romelic saWiroebs klasgareSe

wignebis/masalebis gamoyenebas (maswavleblebis forma 1. S.25)

respondentis kategoria diax ara

xi-kvadratis

an Ti-testis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8585

1515

0.004 0.969

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


858586

151514

0.127 0.953



8486

1615

0.57 0.602


sabiblioTeko programaSi aramonawile soflis skola

85

86

15

140.28 *


3.3.3.4. skolebis fizikuri konsolidaciis Sesabamisoba axal saswavlo gegmebTan

axali tipis swavlebaze, romelic reformis Sedegad unda dainergos, SesaZlebelia

uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdinos skolebSi materialuri bazis naklovanebebma, kerZod

biblioTekebis, mecnieruli laboratoriebis da savarjiSo darbazebis ararsebobam.

garda amisa, skolebSi aucileblad unda iyos elementaruli pirobebi: gaTboba da

ganaTeba. mravali faqti metyvelebs imaze, rom saqarTvelos ganaTlebis sistema

damoukideblobis sawyis wlebSi mitovebuli iyo da dResac am sistemaSi aqtualuria

materialur bazis ganaxlebisa da reabilitaciis sakiTxebi. ganaTlebis marTvis

sainformacio sistemebis uaxlesi monacemebis (2005-2006) mixedviT, zogadad sistemaSi

komunaluri momsaxureba erT-erT udides da yvelaze farTod gavrcelebul

problemas warmoadgens.

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis uaxlesi monacemebis (2005-2006)

mixedviT, im droisTvis arsebuli skolebidan, 41 procenti eleqtroenergiis miwodebis

arastabilurobis problemis winaSe idga. skolebis 72 procentisTvis kanalzizaciis

sistema iyo problema, xolo skolebis 92 procentisTvis gaTbobis sistema. skolebis

mniSvnelovani nawilms aqvs wylis filtraciis, xanZarsaSiSroebis problema,

aseve problemaa kontigentis Sevsebac - aRniSnavs godfri, (2007). am problemebis

mogvarebas xeli unda Seuwyos saministros mier gaxorcielebulma skolebis

konsolidaciis iniciativam. konsolidaciis sakiTxi detalurad ganxilulia me-5


nawilSi. amasTan erTad, iakob gogebaSvilis sareabilitacio programa iTavliswinebs

skolebis materialuri bazis yvelaze kritikuli saWiroebebis dakmayofilebas,

kerZod, saxuravebis, xanZris an wylisgan dazianebuli monakveTebis SekeTeba da

sakomunikacio sistemebiT skolebis uzrunvelyofas. saministros warmomadgenlebis

Tanaxmad, TiToeul raionSi xorcieldeba erTi skolis sruli reabilitacia, xolo

sxvadasxva raionebSi jamSi 218 skolis msubuqi SekeTeba, saxuravebis, sakomunikacio

sistemebis, gaTbobis sistemebis da fanjrebis ganaxleba.

am Sefasebis farglebSi ar Catarebula skolebis saWiroebebis Zireuli mokvleva,

magram miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad skolebSi SeiniSneba mdgomareobis mciredi

gaumjobeseba da samomavlod gasaTvaliswinebeli bevri saWiroebis gansazRvra.

skolebis direqtorebis 80% ganacxada, rom maT skolebs eleqtroenergia miewodebaT

mudmivad. qalaqis skolebis TiTqmis absolutur umravlesobas (97%) mudmivad

miewodeba eleqtroenergia, maSin roca soflis skolebs Soris es maCvenebeli 69

procentia. im mcire raodenobis maRalmTiani raionebis skolebidan, romlebic

gamokiTxul iqna, yvelam ganacxada, rom eleqtroenergia mudmivad miewodebaT. saerTo

jamSi, mocemuli monacemebi didi warmatebis maCvenebelia ganaTlebis marTvis

sainformacio sistemebis ukanasknel monacemebTan (2005-06 weli) SedarebiT, sadac

skolebis 41% ganicdida eleqtroenergiis naklebobas. miuxedvad am warmatebisa,

mainc rCeba skolebi, romelTac eleqtroenergia mudmivad ar miewodebaT, rac xels

uSlis saswavlo procesis warmatebiT warmarTvas am skolebis zogierT saklaso

oTaxebSi, skolis administraciebs Soris, aseve, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebTan da

saministrosTan aqtiuri kontaqtebis SenarCunebas da kompiuteruli aRWurvilobis

gamoyenebas.

Sefasebis jgufma daadgina, rom im SemTxvevaSi Tu aRmoifxvreboda kanalizaciis

da wyalmomaragebis sistemebSi arsebuli problemebi, Seswavlili skolebis 70%

eqneboda adekvaturi standartebis sanitaruli kvanZebi. qalaqis skolebis 80%

da soflis skolebis 64% aRniSnavs, rom maTi sanitaruli kvanZebi adekvaturia.

kanalizaciis da araadekvaturi sanitaruli kvanZebis problemam SesaZloa uaryofiTi

gavlena iqonios moswavleebis, gansakuTrebiT ki, gognebis daswrebaze.

cxrili 3-155. eqneboda Tu ara Tqvens skolas adekvaturi sanitaruli kvanZebi, aRmofxvrili rom

iyos kanalizaciis da wyalmomaragebis problemebi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.43)

pasuxi diax



diax 70 51 88

ara 30 12 49

sul 100

N=101


cxrili 3-156. eqneboda Tu ara Tqvens skolas adekvaturi sanitaruli kvanZebi, aRmofxvrili rom

iyos kanalizaciis da wyalmomaragebis problemebi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.43)

respondentis kategoria Ddiax %

xi-kvadratis

an Ti-testis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8364

1.64 0.121


skola aramaRalmTian raionSi

3674

-1.49 0.156

fizikurad konsolidirebuli skola

skola 555-ze naklebi moswavliT, ara konsolidirebuli 8060

1.40 0.221



8667

1.62 0.126

sul mcire 10 moswavle erT maswavlebelze

10-ze naklebi moswavle erT maswavlebelze

6471

-0.57 0.574

saskolo daTvalierebebma, romelic kvlevis farglebSi Catarda, gvaCvena, rom

naxevarze odnav met skolas (52%) aqvs savarjiSo darbazi, romelic funqcionirebs.

Cveni gaTvlebiT savarjiSo darbazebi aqvs qalaqis skolebis daaxloebiT 80% da

soflis skolebis 41%.

cxrili 3-157. aris Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi savarjiSo darbazi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma

1. S.41)

pasuxi diax



diax 52 41 63

ara 48 37 59

sul 100

N=98

cxrili 3-158 aris Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi savarjiSo darbazi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma

1. S.41)

respondentis kategoria Ddiax %xi-kvadratis an

Ti-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8041

3.98 0.001



4053

-0.78 0.450



10043

10.17 0.000




1558100

22.83 0.001


kvlevam daadgina, rom im skolebSic ki, sadac savarjiSo darbazebi funqcionirebs,

darbazebis mxolod 44% aris saTanadod aRWurvili da aqtiurad gamoyenebuli.

cxrili 3-159. aris Tu ara savarjiSo darbazi saTanadod aRWurvili da aris Tu ara igi

aqtiurad gamoyenebuli (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.42)

pasuxi diax



diax 30 22 38

ara 70 62 78

sul 100

N=83

cxrili 3-160. aris Tu ara savarjiSo darbazi saTanadod aRWurvili da aris Tu ara igi

aqtiurad gamoyenebuli (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.42)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5021

4.18 0.001



1333

-2.51 0.024


skola 555-ze naklebi moswavliT, ara konsolidirebuli

937

-1.29 0.153



7518

4.60 0.000



6319

4.06 0.001




43273

16.43 0.001

saklaso oTaxebis fizikuri daTvalierebis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom klasebis

67%-Si fanjrebi dazianebulia, Camtvreulia an muyaoTia Canacvlebuli. klasebis 18%-

Si Camtvreuli iyo erTi fanjara da klasebis 13%-Si ori fanjara. Sefasebis jgufis

monacemTa Semgroveblebis dakvirvebebis Sedegad aseve gamovlinda, rom qalaqis

skolebis 19%-Si da soflis skolebis 28%-Si arasakmarisi ganaTebaa (Rrublian

amindSi). saerTo jamSi, ganaTeba adekvaturia mcire da saSualokontigentiani

skolebis umetes nawilSi (79-80% Sesabamisad), xolo maRalkontigentian skolebSi,

sadac moswavleebis raodenoba 750-ze metia, klasebis mxolod 56%-Si aris adekvaturad

ganaTebuli.


cxrili 3-161. fizikuri garemo saklaso oTaxebSi da saswavlo masalebi

pasuxi diax



aris Tu ara fanjrebi dazianebuli/Camtvreuli an muyaoTi

Canacvlebuli?33 0 41

aris Tu ara sakmarisi ganaTeba saklaso oTaxSi kiTxvisTvis

(maSin roca Rrubliani amindia da eleqtoenergia ar miewodeba

skolas)

79 72 87

aris Tu ara carci/dafa saklaso oTaxSi? 90 85 95

aris Tu ara dafaze saweri masalebi? 83 75 90

N=484

cxrili 3-162. ramdeni fanjaraa dazianebuli/Camtvreuli an muyaoTi Canacvlebuli? (maSin roca

Rrubliani amindia da eleqtoenergia ar miewodeba skolas) (saskolo daTvalierebis forma S.26)

Camtvreuli fanjrebis raodenoba Pprocentuli

maCvenebeli

xi-kvadratis an


0 67 32 100

1 18 0 40

2 13 0 26

3 2 0 3

4 1 0 2

6 <1 0 <1

sul 100

N=484


cxrili 3-163. aris Tu ara kiTxvisTvis sakmarisi ganaTeba saklaso oTaxSi (maSin roca Rrubliani

amindia da eleqtoenergia ar miewodeba skolas)? (saskolo daTvalierebis forma S.26)

respondentis kategoria diax %xi-kvadratis an


qalaqis skola

soflis skola

7281

-1.03 0.321

maRalmTiani raioni


8678

0.78 0.446

soflis skola, aramaRalmTian raionSi


8169

-1.12 0.282



8070

-0.69 0.503

mcirekontigentiani skola 100-ze naklebi moswavliT

saSualokontigentiani skola 100-750 moswavliT

maRalkontigentiani skola 750-ze meti moswavliT

798156

7.40 0.474


ara-sapilote skola

6282

-4.95 0



7281

-1.09 0.291

sapiloto skola an skola treningebi skolis bazaze

ara-sapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

7281

-1.09 0.291



8078

-0.18 0.859


saSualo an orive donis klasebis maswavlebeli

8376

1.08 0.299




928188

9.12 0.036

sxva sagnebi


8392

2.39 0.030


cxrili 3-164. aris Tu ara carci/dafa saklaso oTaxSi? (saskolo daTvalierebis forma S.30)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8592

-0.97 0.346

maRalmTiani raioni


9090

-0.05 0.964

soflis skola, aramaRalmTian raionSi

soflis skola maRalmTian raionSi

8998

3.11 *



9185

-1.06 0.305

mcirekontigentiani skola 100-ze naklebi moswavliT

saSualokontigentiani skola 100-750 moswavliT

maRalkontigentiani skola 750-ze meti moswavliT

939081

3.53 0.455

saSualo an orive donis klasebis maswavlebeli dawyebiTi klasis

maswavlebeli

82100

5.51 0.00


ara-sapilote skola

9589

0.79 0.442



9489

1.26 0.227

sapilote skola an skolis bazaze treningebSi monawile skola

ara-sapilote skola an skola maswavlebelTa treningis gareSe

8994

1.26 0.227


administraciulad konsolidirebuli skola

9098

2.89 0.012




969999

6.58 0.118

sxva sagnebi


9996

-1.11 0.284



9186

-1.11 0.285


finansTa saministros monacemebis Tanaxmad skolebis reabilitaciis programasa

da “irmis naxtomis” sainformacio teqnologiebis programebze ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministros biujetis 23%-ia gansazRvruli (godfri 2007).

reabilitaciisa da saremonto samuSaoebze gaweuli danaxarjebis saerTaSoriso

standartebi ar arsebobs, Tumca saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi gamoyofili didi Tanxa

arsebul saWiroebebs Seesabameba. skolebis materialuri bazebis mZime mdgomareoba

skolebis konsolidaciis erT-erTi motivaciaa. es sakiTxi ganxilulia kvlevis me-

4 nawilSi.

SezRuduli fondebiT SeuZlebelia yvela saWiroebis dakmayofileba mokle vadebSi,

amitom, zogierT SemTxvevebSi gamarTlebulicaa resursebis koncentracia moxdes

ufro naklebi raodenobis skolebze da ganxorcieldes skolebis konsolidacia

saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebis mizniT. Sefasebis jgufs ar gaukeTebia am rTuli

sakiTxis detaluri analizi. aSkaraa materialuri bazebis gaumjobesebis programis

gafarToebis aucilebloba. am kvlevis farglebSi mogrovili monacemebis analizi

skolebis doneze xorcieldeba da saTanadod ver afasebs moswavleTa problemebs.


winamdebare kvleva gvaCvenebs, rom am sakiTxze muSaobisas gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa

soflis skolebi.

3.3.3.5. skolis sainformacio da sakomunikacio teqnologiebis bazis Sesabamisoba axal saswavlo

gegmebTan

am nawilSi ganxilulia skolebSi arsebuli sainformacio da sakomunikacio

teqnologiebis bazis Sesabamisoba Tanamedrove saswavlo procesTan da axal

saswavlo gegmebTan. miuxedavad imisa, rom kvlevis farglebSi aRniSnuli sakiTxi

Seswavlilia dagegmili gamokiTxvis Sedegebis safuZvelze, “irmis naxtomis”

programis farglebSi mopovebuli informacia ufro zust suraTs mogvcems skolebSi

kompiuterebisa da internetis xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb. kvlevam gvaCvena, rom

“irmis naxtomis” proeqtma Seamcira moswavleebisa da kompiuterebis raodenobrivi

Tanafardoba. am programis Sedegad, aseve, maswavleblebs meti SesaZlebloba aqvT

imuSaon sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerebTan. meore mxriv, gamovlinda, rom

jer kidev bevria Sesacvleli am mimarTulebiT, radgan maswavleblebi kompiuterebs

kvlavac iSviaTad iyeneben. aseve sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerebic naklebad

exmarebian maswavlebelebs. kompiuteruli treningebi moicavs mxolod elementarul

sakiTxebs, internet-kavSiri an saerTod ar aris, an Tu aris dabali siCqaris, xSirad

ar arsebobs Sesabamisi programuli uzrunvelyofa.

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis 2005-2006 monacemebTan SedarebiT,

2007 wels gacilebiT met skolas, yvela maRalkontigentian da qalaqis skolas,

aqvs kompiuterebi, nawilobriv “irmis naxtomis” programis saSualebiT.

cxrili 3-165. aris Tu ara kompiuteruli laboratoria skolaSi? (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.45)

pasuxi diax



diax 73 58 87

ara 27 13 42

sul 100

N=74

cxrili 3-166. aris Tu ara kompiuteruli laboratoria skolaSi? (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.45)





10066

4.03 0.001


10-ze naklebi moswavle erT maswavlebelze 10065

4.29 0.001

soflis an maRalmTiani raionis `irmis naxtomis~ programaSi

CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

100

583.59 0.010


rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, kompiuterebis muSaobas jer kidev aferxebs

eleqtroenergiis miwodeba zogierT skolaSi, gansakuTrebiT mcirekontigentian da

soflis skolebSi.

cxrili 3-167. miewodeba Tu ara skolas eleqtoenergia uwyveti grafikiT, raTa kompiuterebma

gamarTulad imuSaon? (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.46)

pasuxi diax



diax 80 62 97

ara 20 3 38

sul 100

N=72

cxrili 3-168. miewodeba Tu ara skolas eleqtoenergia uwyveti grafikiT, raTa kompiuterebma

gamarTulad imuSaon? (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.46)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

9769

8.065 0.010



10074

2.57 0.021



maRalmTiani raionis `irmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile skola

977378

2.14 0.049


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

71

700.01 0.950

garda amisa, aRsaniSnavia, rom zogierT skolebSi kompiuterebi moZvelebulia da

maTi gamarTuli funqcionireba da gamoyeneba rTulia. zogjer kompiuteri ar aris

aRWurvili saTanado programebiT mcirekontigentian, soflis da “irmis naxtomSi”

aramonawile skolebSi.

cxrili 3-169. kompiuterebi axalia, 2005 wlis da ufro axali gamoSvebaa? (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.47)

pasuxi diax



diax 52 33 71

ara 48 28 67

sul 100

N=72


cxrili 3-170. kompiuterebi axalia, 2005 wlis da ufro axali gamoSvebaa? (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.47)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

9328

29.06 0.000



9540

4.91 0.000



9039

3.86 0.002


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

91

1811.93 0.001

cxrili 3-171. muSaobs Tu ara kompiuterebi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.48)

pasuxi diax



diax 85 68 100

ara 15 0 32

sul 100

N=69

cxrili 3-172. muSaobs Tu ara kompiuterebi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.48)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

9878

5.35 0.020



10081

1.84 0.085



10080

1.90 0.077


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

87

760.29 0.301


cxrili 3-173. ramdeni kompiuteri muSaobs klasSi da gamoiyeneba regularulad (saskolo

daTvalierebis forma 1. S.57)

saSualo min maqs standartuli gadaxra

8.9 0 37 9

N=69

cxrili 3-174. ramdeni kompiuteri muSaobs klasSi da gamoiyeneba regularulad (saskolo




qalaqis skola

soflis skola

14.52.3

6.30 0.000



16.93.6

3.98 0.001



13.34.2

2.80 0.014


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

8.2

1.33.61 0.025

cxrili 3-174. aqvs Tu ara kompiuterebs seriozuli teqnikuri nakli (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.49)

pasuxi diax



diax 45 26 65

ara 55 35 74

sul 100

N=55

cxrili 3-175. aqvs Tu ara kompiuterebs seriozuli teqnikuri nakli (saskolo daTvalierebis

forma 1. S.49)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4248

-0.41 0.688



4645

0.07 0.945



3749

-0.77 0.454


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

48

470.00 0.960


cxrili 3-176. maswavleblebis azriT aqvs Tu ara kompiuterebs adekvaturi programebi (saskolo


pasuxi #



diax 62 42 82

ara 38 18 58

sul 100

N=72

cxrili 3-177. maswavleblebis azriT aqvs Tu ara kompiuterebs adekvaturi programebi (saskolo




qalaqis skola

soflis skola

9245

15.33 0.010



10051

4.66 0.000


10-ze naklebi moswavle erT maswavlebelze 9151

2.9 0.011


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

93

385.27 0.010

“irmis naxtomis” samoqmedo gegmaSi miTiTebuli erT-erTi problema isaa, rom

kompiuteris gakveTilze tradiciulad iswavleba “informatika” da programireba,

rac xSir SemTxvevaSi araTu kompiuterTan muSaobas ar moiTxovs, aramed kompiuterze

muSaobis swavlebasac ki ar moicavs. kompiuteruli klasebis maswavleblebis

naxevarma ganacxada, rom swavlebis amgvari forma maTi programisTvis jer kidev

norma. jerjerobiT ar gvaqvs monacemebi, rom “irmis naxtomis” programis Sedegad

aRniSnuli tradiciuli tipis swavlebaSi raime Secvliliyos.10

�0 ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sisitemebis 2005-2006 monacemebis Tanaxmad, kompiuteruli klasebi regularulad cde-

boda skolebSi. winamdebare kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli maswavleblebis naxevari acxadebs, rom maT skolaSi kompiuteruli

klasebi

tardeba, Tumca am gamokiTxviT ar dgindeba aRniSnuli zrda “irmis naxtomis” programis Sedegia Tu ara. saWiroa am sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT damatebiTi gamokiTxvis Catareba.


cxrili 3-178. maswavlebeli aRniSnavs, rom kompiuteruli klasebis mTavari mizania programirebis

(informatikis) Seswavla (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.54)

pasuxi diax



diax 53 34 73

ara 47 27 66

sul 100

N=72cxrili 3-179. maswavlebeli aRniSnavs, rom kompiuteruli klasebis mTavari mizania programirebis

(informatikis) Seswavla, kategoriebis mixedviT

respondentis kategoria Ddiax %xi-kvadratis an Ti-

testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

4956

0.62 0.440



5054

-0.23 0.823



3660

-1.37 0.193


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

74

540.63 0.502

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sisitemebis 2005-06 monacemebis Tanaxmad,

kompiuteruli klasebi regularulad cdeboda da internet kavSiri ar arsebobda

umetes skolaSi. ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sisitemebis 2005-2006 wlebis

monacemebisgan gansxvavebiT, winamdebare kvlevis farglebSi Catarebulma gamokiTxvebma

mniSvnelovani progresi aCvena kompiuterizaciis procesSi. Tumca, amavdroulad,

saboloo miznebis misaRwevad jer kidev bevria gasakeTebeli.

rogorc qalaqis, aseve soflis skolebSi moswavleebisa da kompiuterebis

Tanafardobaa erT kompiuterze 39.5 moswavle. “irmis naxtomis” programis monacmebis

mixedviT, es Tanafardoba qveynis masStabiT aris erT kompiuterze 58 moswavle.

amgvarad, kvlevisTvis SerCeuli skolebis warmomadgenlobiTi jgufis dakvirveba

obieqtur suraTs ver gvaZlevs. “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTul 105 skolaSi,

moswavlisa da kompiuteris Tanafardoba ufro dabalia da aseT skolebSi

1 kompiuterze 24 moswavle modis, xolo skolebSi, romlebic “irmis naxtomis”

programaSi CarTulebi ar arian es Tanafardoba 1/51. “irmis naxtomis” programis

srulyofili gamokiTxvis monacemebis mixedviT, “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTul

skolebSi kompiuterebisa da moswavleebis Tanafardoba aris 1/39, xolo skolebSi,

romlebic “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTulebi ar arian 1/220. aRniSnuli Sedegebi

miuTiTebs “irmis naxtomis” proeqtis TvalsaCino Sedegebze.


cxrili 3-180. ramdeni moswavlea erT kompiuterze (saskolo daTvalierebis forma S. 56)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

39.439.5

-0.00 0.997



50.637.2

1.35 0.193



38.539.8

-0.11 0.917


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

21.4

41.1-1.38 0.187

zogadad, umetes skolaSi, moswavleebs uwevT kompiuterebis gaziareba gakveTilis

dros, Tumca rogorc monacemebi gvaCvenebs Tanafardoba mkveTrad gansxvavdeba

skolebs Soris. gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi kompiuterebisa da moswavleebis

raodenobis proporcia aris 1/66 saSualo proporcia (gamokiTxuli skolebis

naxevarSi maCvenebeli maRalia, naxevarSi ki dabali) aris 1/3. saSualo maCveneblis

samamde gazrda ganapiroba iman, rom zogierT klasSi kompiuterebisa da moswavleebis

proporcia aris 1/24.

cxrili 3-181. ramdeni moswavlea klasSi erT kompiuterze gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi (saskolo



3.12 .133 24 5

N=74

kvlevam daadgina, rom kompiuterebis gamoyeneba kvlav SezRudulia bevr skolaSi.

kompiuteruli klasebis maswavleblebs hkiTxes, ramdeni saaTis ganmavlobaSi iyenebs

TiToeuli moswavle kompiuters yoveldRiurad. gamokiTxvis Sedegebis mixedviT,

moswavleebis yoveldRiurad saSualod 4,5 saaTi iyeneben kompiuters, Tumca es

tendencia mcire raodenobis skolebSi dafiqsirda. skolebis meoTxedSi moswavleebi

kompiuterebs dReSi erT saaTze naklebi xangrZlivobiT iyeneben, skolebis naxevarSi

ara umetes erTi saaTisa, xolo skolebis mesamedSi es maCvenebeli dReSi maqsimum

oTx saaTs utoldeba. saSualo maCvenebeli gacilebiT ufro maRali iyo qalaqis

skolebSi (7 saaTi), vidre soflis skolebSi (2 saaTi). aRniSnuli Sedegebi

qalaqis da maRalkontigentian skolebSi SesaZaloa “irmis naxtomis” programis

funqcionirebis Sedegi iyos, Tumca kvlevam ver gamoavlina faqtebi, romlis

safuZvelzec dadasturdeboda, rom “irmis naxtomis” programis ganxorcielebis

Sedegad moswavleebis mier kompiuterebis gamoyenebis sixSire gaizarda soflis

skolebSi. qalaqis da maRalkontigentian skolebSi moswavleeebs gakveTilebis

Semdegac aqvT SesaZlebloba gamoiyenon kompiuterebi klasgareSe RonisZiebebis

farglebSi, Tumca kompiuterebis gamoyenebis saSualo maCvenebeli saerTo jamSi

mainc ar aRemateba dReSi or saaTs.


cxrili 3-182. dReSi ramdeni saaTis ganmavlobaSi iyeneben moswavleebi kompiuters gakveTilebis

farglebSi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.59)


4.5 0 45 8

N=74


farglebSi (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.59)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

72.1

1.91 0.095



6.83

1.37 0.191


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

2.7

20.59 0.604



34.6

-0.72 0.486


gareT (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.60)


1.6 0 6 1.4

N=65

cxrili 3-185. dReSi ramdeni saaTis ganmavlobaSi iyeneben moswavleebi kompiuters skolis

gareT (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.60)



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

2.31.1

3.20 0.009



2.31.3

2.13 0.051



2.11.3

1.80 0.093


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

0.8

1.1-0.77 0.650


aRmoCnda, rom maswavleblebic Zalian iSviaTad iyeneben kompiuterebs.

gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, maswavleblebis 42% arasodes iyenebs kompiuterebs skolaSi,

maswavleblebis 18% TveSi erTxel an ufro iSviaTad, xolo maswavleblebis 33%

ufro xSirad. maswavleblebi iyeneben imave kompiuterul laboratoriebs, romlebic

moswavleebisTvis aris gankuTvnili saSualod 1.5 saaTi dRis ganmavlobaSi.

cxrili 3-186. ra sixSiriT SeuZlia maswaleblebs skolaSi arsebuli kompiuterebis gamoyeneba

(maswavleblebis forma 1. S.18a)

respondentis kategoria raodenobaxi-kvadratis an


arasodes 42 34 50



TveSi erTxel an ufro xSirad 33 27 38

sul 100

N=609

cxrili 3-187. dReSi ramdenis saaTis ganmavlobaSi SeuZliaT maswavleblebs kompiuteris

gamoyeneba (saskolo daTvalierebis forma 1. S.61)


1.5 0 5 1

N=62

qalaqis, maRalkontigentiani da “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli skolebis

maswavleblebi ufro xSirad iyeneben skolaSi arsebul kompiuterebs. aseve, SedarebiT

xSirad iyeneben kompiuters dawyebiTi da saSualo klasebis maswavleblebi. “irmis

naxtomis” kompiuteruli treningebis ufro zustad Sesafaseblad, Sefasebis jgufma

gamoarkvia maswavleblebis mier kompiuterebis gamoyenebis sixSire kategoriebis

gaTvaliswinebiT da Seadara gamokiTxul maswavlebelTa ori jgufis Sedegebi –

vinc monawileoba miiRo da vinc monawileoba ar miiRo “irmis naxtomis” treningebSi.

maswavleblebi, romelTac monawileoba miiRes “irmis naxtomis” treningebSi ufro

xSirad iyeneben kompiuters rogorc skolaSi, aseve skolis gareT. procentuli

Tanafardoba ki amgvarad gamoiyureba: “irmis naxtomis” treningebSi monawile

maswavleblebis 42% kompiuters iyenebs TveSi erTxel an ufro xSirad. kompiuters

TveSi erTxel an ufro xSirad iyenebs im maswavlebelTa 20%, romelTac “irmis

naxtomis” treningi ar gauvlia. “irmis naxtomis” treningebSi monawileoba SeuZlia

yvela msurvels, amgvarad, cxadia, rom momzadebas is maswavleblebi gadian, vinc

dainteresebuli da motivirebulia iswavlos kompiuterTan muSaoba. amitomac, aseTi

maswavleblebis mier kompiuteris xSiri gamoyeneba SesaZloa maTive Zalisxmevis

Sedegi iyos da ara treningebisa.



forma 2 S.18a)


arasodes

an ver

vpasuxob

weliwadSi

erTxel

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

TveSi

erTze

metjer

Ti – an xi-kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

2661

104

2113

4222

76.13 0.000

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


265766

1145

221215

422715

73.57 0.000




754331

3710

61917

153042

38.92 0.018


ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile

skola

27

66

3

10

10

22

20

4191.70 0.000

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli

soflis skola


soflis skola

24

70

12

3

34

9

31

2723.73 0.040

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli

maRalmTiani skola


aramaRalmTiani skola

41

72

6

5

18

14

36

910.77 0.091



3948

86

1524

3822

20.65 0.026

dawyebiTi donis maswavlebeli saSualo an

orive donis maswavlebeli

4531

85

1721

3044

13.32 0.019



3645

88

1419

4229

10.36 0.065

fokusjgufebis ganxilvebSi, maswavleblebis umetesobam aRniSna, rom sainfor-

macio teqnologiebis menejers SeuZlia moagvaros kompiuterebTan dakavSirebuli

problemebi da daexmaros maswavleblebs kompiuterebis akademiuri miznebis

gamoyenebaSi. Tumca, gamokiTxvam gvaCvena, rom Seswavlili skolebis TiTqmis naxevarSi,

sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerebi maswavleblebs ver exmarebian saswavlo

gegmebis da gakveTilebis momzadebaSi. am etapze, skolebis 53% ar hyavs sainformacio

teqnologiebis menejeri. vinaidan kompiuterizaciis procesi jerjerobiT ZiriTadad

qalaqis skolebs Seexo, qalaqis skolebis ufro did nawils (57%) aqvs sainformacio

teqnologiebis menejeris Stati da soflis skolebis mxolod 35%-s aqvs aseTi

Stati.


cxrili 3-189. aris Tu ara sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeri Tqvens skolaSi (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S.19)

pasuxi diax



diax 46 36 57

ara 53 42 64

ar vici 1 0 2

sul 100

cxrili 3-190. aris Tu ara sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeri Tqvens skolaSi (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S.18a)

respondentis kategoria diax ara ar vici

Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola

soflis skola

5735

4265

10

36.15 0.064

qalaqis skola

soflis skola


562752

427348

103

47.22 0.021



5534

4466

10

31.95 0.0697

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli soflis skola

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile soflis skola

4624

5476

00

5.36 0.198

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli maRalmTiani skola

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile aramaRalmTiani skola

45

53

53 47

2

02.03 0.450



4846

5154

2 0

4.15 0.213

gaiara ìrmis naxtomis~ treiningi da muSaobs ìrmis naxtomis~

programaSi CarTul skolaSi

yvela danarCeni

5544

5542

20

13.06 0.090

am skolebis magaliTze, “irmis naxtomis” programis Sedegebi TvalnaTliv

Cans. Tumca, skolaSi sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeris Statis gamoyofa

am programis oficialur nawils ar warmoadgens. Cvens mier SerCeuli skolebis

Seswavlis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTul

maRalmTian skolebSi, sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerebi met daxmarebas uweven

maswavleblebs (“irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli maswavleblebis 35% acxadebs,

rom maT arasakmarisi mxardaWera aqvT sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeris

mxridan. im skolebSi, romlebic ar monawileobdnen “irmis naxtomis” programaSi

igives maswavlebelTa 70% acxadebs). aseve, gamovlinda, rom is maswavleblebi ufro

met daxmarebas iReben sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerisgan, vinc “irmis

naxtomis” programis farglebSi kompiuteruli treningebi gaiara (sainformacio

teqnologiebis menejerisgan arasakmarisi mxardaWera aqvs im maswavleblebis 41%-s,

vinc “irmis naxtomis” programis farglebSi kompiuteruli treiningebi gaiara da

im maswavleblebis 53%-s, visac aRniSnuli treningebi ar gauvlia). ixileT qvemoT

mocemuli cxrilebi.


maswavleblebis umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom skolebSi kompiuterebis raodenoba

sakmarisi araa, internetis dabali an uxarisxo kavSiria, zog SemTxvevaSi internet

kavSiri da kompiuteruli programebi saerTod ar arsebobs. yovelive es xels uSlis

sainformacio teqnologiebis gamoyenebas saswavlo miznebisTvis. araadekvaturi

programebis da moZvelebuli kompiuteruli teqnologiebis problemas xazs usvams

“irmis naxtomSi” CarTuli skolebis maswavleblebis SedarebiT mcire nawili.

aseve, “irmis naxtomSi” monawile skolebis SedarebiT cota maswavlebels ar aqvs

kompiuterebis codnis zogadi unarebi, ar icis teqnologiebis saswavlo mizniT

gamoyeneba da ganicdis sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeris mxardaWeris

naklebobas. qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSi warmodgenilia maswavleblebis pasuxebi

kompiuteris saswavlo miznebiT gamoyenebis xelisSemSleli pirobebze.

qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan, romeli aris kompiuteris saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoyenebis

xelisSemSleli piroba?

cxrili 3-191. kompiuteruli laboratoriebi naklebad xelmiswavdomia (maswavleblebis forma

2. S.21a)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi CarTuli soflis an maRalmTiani skola

ìrmis naxtomis~ programaSi aramonawile soflis an maRalmTiani skola

5341

-1.23 0.236 267


ar gauvlia ìrmis naxtomis~ treningi

4350

2.29 0.259 517

cxrili 3-192. internet kavSiris dabali sixSire an internet kavSiris uqonloba (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S.21b)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



8171

-1.02 0.323 278



5665

4.15 0.055 522

cxrili 3-193. kompiuterebis SezRuduli raodenoba moswavleebisTvis (maswavleblebis forma

2. S.21c)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



8069

-1.04 0.316 249



5572

14.76 0.013 490


cxrili 3-194. kompiuteris arasakmarisi codna (maswavleblebis forma 2. S.21d)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



6478

1.18 0.258 257



5567

6.91 0.103 511

cxrili 3-195. sainformacio teqnologiebis menejers ar SeuZlia adekvaturi daxmarebis gaweva

axali saswavlo gegmisa da leqciis momzadebisas (maswavleblebis forma 2. S.21e)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



5262

0.94 0.360 220



4053

6.04 0.010 442

cxrili 3-196. ar vici, rogor gamoviyeno sainformacio teqnologiebi Cemi sagnis swavlebis

miznebis Sesabamisad (maswavleblebis forma 2. S.21f)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



4746

0.01 0.960 226



3547

5.73 0.068 451

cxrili 3-197. kompiuterebi araadekvaturia an moZvelebuli (maswavleblebis forma 2. S.21g)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



0743

-6.05 0.000 198



1028

16.34 0.003 416

cxrili 3-198. kompiuteruli programebi araadekvaturia an cudad muSaobs (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S.21h)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



2551

-3.00 0.015 199



2337

7.81 0.010 409


cxrili 3-198. kompiuteruli programebi araadekvaturia an cudad muSaobs (maswavleblebis

forma 2. S.21h)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



2551

-3.00 0.015 199



2337

7.81 0.010 409

cxrili 3-199. skolaSi ar aris printeri, an printeri xSirad ar muSaobs, printerSi ar aris

furceli an melani (maswavleblebis forma 2. S.21i)


Ti _ an xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba N#



5273

-2.87 0.025 256



4560

9.65 0.005 256


Seswavlili skolebidan mxolod 25%-s aqvs internetkavSiri. qalaqis skolebis

procentuli wili gacilebiT ufro maRalia (55%) soflis skolebTan SedarebiT

(8%). es savsebiT mosalodneli iyo “irmis naxtomis” programis ganxorcielebis

ciklis (pirveli wlis ganmavlobaSi urbanuli skolebis aTviseba) gaTvaliswinebiT.

saerTo jamSi, internetkavSiri aqvs “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli skolebis

34%-s da im skolebis mxolod 13%-s, romlebic ar monawileobdnen programaSi.

Sedegebi naTlad gvaCvenebs, rom “irmis naxtomis” programis ganxorcielebis am

adreul etapze internetkavSiris mqone skolebis ricxvi jer kidev Zalian mcirea.

“irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli skolebis maswavleblebis 56% acxadebs,

rom internetkavSiris uqonloba an misi dabali siCqare kompiuterebis gamoyenebis

xelisSemSleli faqtoria. amave problemis winaSe dgas im skolebis umravlesoba

(84%), romlebic “irmis naxtomis” programaSi am etapze ar arian CarTuli. skolebs

Soris, romelTac aqvT internet kavSiri, 55% aqvs Zalian dabali siCqaris interneti

(1 mg biti/wamSi an ufro neli).

cxrili 3-200. maswavleblebis Tanaxmad, aris Tu ara skolaSi internetkavSiri? (saskolo


pasuxi diax



diax 25 16 34

ara 75 66 84

sul 100

N=67


cxrili 3-201. maswavleblebis Tanaxmad, aris Tu ara skolaSi internet kavSiri? (saskolo




qalaqis skola

soflis skola

558

5.95 0.000

maRalmTiani raioni


027

-5.69 0.000



6712

5.45 0.000



260

5.86 0.000


CarTuli skola


aramonawile skola

19 6

0.91 0.560

Seswavlili skolebis naxevars aqvs kompiuterebis teqnikuri momsaxurebisTvis

sakmarisi biujeti. biujets kompiuterebis teqnikuri momsaxurebisTvis gamoyofs

qalaqis skolebis 86% da soflis skolebis 31%. soflis da mcirekontigenitiani

skolebis finansuri mdgomareoba detaluradaa ganxiluli kvlevis me-4 nawilSi.

cxrili 3-202. gamoyofs Tu ara skola biujets kompiuterebis teqnikuri momsaxurebisTvis?

(saskolo daTvalierebis forma S52)

pasuxi diax



diax 50 29 71

ara 50 29 71

sul 100

N=67



qalaqis skola

soflis skola

8631

3.71 0.003

maRalmTiani raioni


4751

-0.13 0.901



8539

3.78 0.002

soflis an maRalmTiani raionis skola, romelic CarTulia `irmis

naxtomis~ programaSi

soflis an maRalmTiani raionis skola, romelic ar aris CarTuli

`irmis naxtomis~ programaSi

60

281.82 0.110


3.3.4. saswavlo da damatebiTi masalebi,

skolis fizikuri da socialuri garemo: daskvnebi

1. gamokiTxvam gvaCvena, rom skolebis mxolod naxevari sTavazobs moswavleebs

klasgareSe aqtivobebs _ umetesad qalaqis skolebi, romlebic xSirad aweseben

gadasaxads amgvar RonisZiebebSi monawileobisTvis, rac praqtikulad gamoricxavs

Raribi fenebis moswavleebis CarTvas.

2. swavlebis/swavlis procesisTvis xelisSemSleli pirobebia maRalkontigentiani

klasebi qalaqis skolebSi, arasaTanado an arasakmarisi aveji saklaso oTaxebSi

(gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebis patara zomis klasebSi), aradamakmayofilebeli

daswreba, araxelsayreli klimaturi pirobebi an satransporto saSualebebis

nakleboba maRalmTian raionebSi.

3. kerZo repetitoris saSualo wliuri Rirebuleba meryeobs 250 laridan 1000 laramde

(regionebis mixedviT). Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom ufaso saskolo ganaTleba araa sakmarisi,

bavSvebi Raribi ojaxebidan ganaTlebis miRebis araTanabar pirobebSi arian.

4. wina kvlevebis SedegebTan SedarebiT, dResdReobiT maswavleblebi ufro

dadebiTad afaseben axal saxelmZRvaneloebs da ufro aqtiurad iyeneben maT.

maswavleblebisgan miRebuli informaciis da nawilobriv saklaso dakvirvebebis

Sedegebis Tanaxmad, klasebis daaxloebiT meoTxed nawilSi, moswavleebis

mniSvnelovan nawils an ar aqvs saxelmZRvaneloebi an iziareben Tanaklaselebis

saxelmZRvaneloebs.

5. erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrma unda moiTxovos

maswavleblebis gzamkvlevebSi gakveTilebis gegmebis nimuSebis ufro meti raodenobis

Setana da aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis ukeTesi axsna. saxelmZRvaneloebi unda

daurigdes maswavleblebs, Tundac samuSao variantis saxiT, saswavlo wlis dawyebamde

mniSvnelovani periodiT adre. samomavlod rekomendebulia Catardes kvleva imis

dasadgenad, Tu ratom ar aqvs maswavleblebis 40%-s saxelmZRvaneloebi maSin, roca

saxelmZRvaneloebi xelmisawvdomi unda iyos.

6. fokus-jgufebSi monawile zogierTi maswavlebeli fiqrobs, rom axal

saxelmRvaneloebSi Setanili axali saswavlo masala rTulia maTi moswavleebisTvis.

am mosazrebis damadasturebeli faqtebi gamokiTxvebSi naklebad dafiqsirda.

7. maswavleblebi fiqroben, rom axali saxelmZRvaneloebi xels uwyobs axali

saswavlo gegmebis miznebis Sesabamisad swavlebas, Tumca maswavleblebis meoTxed

nawils surs gaecnos met gakveTilis gegmas. aseve, maswavleblebis 40% acxadebs,

rom maTTvis ar aris xelmisawvdomi axali saxelmZRvaneloebi mas Semdegac ki, roca

isini klasebSi ukve darigebulia.

8. saerTo jamSi, jer kidev aRiniSneba damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis nakleboba

sxvadasxva sagnis swavlebisTvis, miuxedavad imisa rom, reformis adreul etapze

moewyo damatebiTi saswavlo masalebis gamofena.


9. skolebis did nawils aqvs biblioTeka an calke gamoyofili oTaxi saswavlo

resursebisTvis. Tumca mcirekontigentian skolebSi biblioTekebi pataraa da

moswavleebisaTvis araadekvaturi samuSao pirobebia. maswavleblebis azriT, biblioTekis

resursebi, rogorc wesi, maRali xarisxiT ar gamoirCeva. saskolo biblioTekebis programaSi

CarTuli soflis skolebis maswavleblebi ufro dadebiTad afaseben resursebis xarisxs.

maswavleblebi ver iyeneben biblioTekebs regularulad, radgan zogierTi skola, cdilobs

ra daicvas wignebi dazianebisagan, rogorc Cans, zRudavs resursebis gamoyenebas.

10. kvlevam daadgina, rom skolebis eleqtroenergiiT momarageba SedarebiT

gaumjobesda, Tumca klasebis adekvaturi ganaTeba problemaa maRalkontigentiani

skolebis naxevarSi.

11. kanalizaciis da sanitaruli kvanZebis xarisxi kvlav problemad rCeba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom skolebis naxevarze mets aqvs funqcionirebadi savarjiSo

darbazi, maTgan TiTqmis naxevari arasakmarisad aRWurvili da gamoyenebulia. soflis

skolebis naxevarze mets ar aqvs savarjiSo darbazi.

12. “irmis naxtomis” programis ganxorcielebis Sedegad skolebSi gaizarda

moswavleebisa da kompiuterebis Tanafardoba, kompiuterebis xarisxi, gaCnda

internetkavSiri da gaizarda moswavleebis mier kompiuteris gamoyenebis sixSire

gakveTilebis ganmavlobaSi da gakveTilebis Semdeg.

13. maswavleblebi, romlebmac gaiares “irmis naxtomis” kompiuteruli treningi

elementarul sakiTxebSi ufro komfortulad grZnoben Tavs kompiuterTan, ufro

xSirad iyeneben maT, ufro xSirad iReben konsultaciebs skolis sainformacio

teqnologiebis menejerisgan, Tumca am maswavleblebis umetesoba gamoxatavs

damatebiTi treningebis saWiroebas. “irmis naxtomis” programaSi CarTuli skolebis

maswavleblebis garda maswavleblebis mier kompiuteruli laboratoriebis

gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi limitirebulia.

14. saerTo jamSi, kompiuterebi da internetkavSiri bevr skolaSi SezRudulia. am

mxriv bevrad ukeTesi mdgomareobaa qalaqis skolebSi soflis skolebTan SedarebiT.

kompiuterebis da internetkavSiris arseboba gansakuTrebiT limitirebulia skolebSi,

romlebic CarTuli ar arian “irmis naxtomis” programaSi.

15. maswavleblebis umetesobam – maT Soris “irmis naxtomis” programis treningebSi

monawile maswavleblebma – ar ician, rogor unda gamoiyenon sainformacio teqnologiebi

saswavlo miznebisTvis an ar ician kompiuterTan muSaoba. skolebis TiTqmis naxevarSi,

maswavleblebi ver iReben saTanado daxmarebas sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerisgan.

16. skolebis naxevarze metisTvis prioriteti programirebis (informatikis)

Seswavlaa da ar arsebobs saswavlo kursi, romelic ufro Sesabamisi iqneboda

axali meTodebTan.

17. kompiuterebis SezRuduli raodenoba, internetkavSiris uqonloba an dabali

siCqare kompiuterebis saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoyenebis ZiriTadi xelisSemSleli

pirobebia. soflis skolebis Zalian mcire nawils aqvs biujeti kompiuterebis

teqnikuri momsaxurebisTvis.

1�0ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

4.0 Sedegebi:

mmarTvelobis efeqturoba da finansebi

4.1 decentralizacia da mmarTveloba

4.1.1 zogadi midgoma skolis avtonomiisadmi

bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier

ganxorcielebuli farTomasStabian sareformo iniciativaTagan erT-erTi umTavresia

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebisaTvis avtonomiis miniWeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom

aRniSnuli cvlileba sul axlaxans SedarebiT mokle periodSi ganxorcielda,

yvela dainteresebuli mxare - direqtorebi, pedagogebi da sabWos wevrebi dadebiTad

afaseben skolis avtonomias. gasaubrebis dros yvela direqtori erTsulovnad

aRniSnavda, rom maTTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania gadawyvetilebis damoukidebelad

miRebis SesaZlebloba. maTi azriT, direqtorebma da pedagogebma yvelaze kargad

ician, ra sWirdeba maT skolas. yvelaze mniSvnelovania is faqti, rom reformamdeli

periodisagan gansxvavebiT, axla ukve skolebs SeuZliaT sakuTari xarjebis

Tavisuflad gankargva . uwin, skolebisaTvis biujetis gamoyofa xdeboda adgilobrivi

mmarTvelobebis TanxmobiT da nebismier damatebiT xarjebTan dakavSirebiT nebarTvis

misaRebad skolebs specialurad unda miemarTaT adgilobrivi mmarTvelobisaTvis.

axla skolebs Tavad SeuZliaT prioritetebis mixedviT gamoyon skolis biujeti

da amisaTvis maT biurokratiuli procedurebis gavla aRar uwevT. am mosazrebas

raodenobrivi maCvenebelic adasturebs. yvela gamokiTxuli direqtori mxars uWers

saskolo avtonomiis reformas (30%: mTlianad mxars uWers; 70% mxars uWers).

sakiTxi, razec direqtorebi yuradRebas amaxvilebdnen, aris udidesi

pasuxismgebloba, romelic maT aRniSnuli reformis Semdeg ekisrebaT. Tumca amas

direqtorebi problemad ar miiCneven da aRniSnaven, rom amocanas sirTuleebis

gareSe gaarTmeven Tavs. saerTo jamSi, pedagogebic mxars uWeren saskolo avtonomiis

reformas, Tumca maTi mxardaWera direqtorebTan SedarebiT odnav ufro sustia (ix.

cxrili 4.1).

cxrili 4.1. direqtorebisa da pedagogebis midgoma decentralizaciis da saskolo avtonomiis

sakiTxisadmi

mTlianad uWers

mxarsmxars uWers mxars ar uWers

saerTod ar

uWers mxarsraodenoba

direqtorebi 30% 70% 0% 0% 106

pedagogebi 70%^ 70% 9% 0% 686

sameurveo sabWoc dadebiTad afasebs skolis avtonomias. fokus-jgufebSi sabWos

wevrebis mier sakiTxis ganxilvisas, sabWos wevrebis umetesoba aRniSnavda, rom maTi

azriT, axla skolebs ufro meti pasuxismgebloba da movaleobebi ekisrebaT skolis

marTvisa da finansebis TvalsazrisiT. Tumca, skolis sabWoebi bolomde mzad ar

arian miiRon damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebebi da amtkiceben, rom axla skolebi

yvela problemis gadawyvetaze TviTonve ageben pasuxs da swored es aris saskolo

avtonomiis uaryofiTi mxare.


4.1.2 skolebisa da direqtorebis SesaZleblobebi

decentralizebul garemoSi

skolis direqtorebsa da administraciul TanamSromlebs gansakuTrebuli unar-

Cvevebi da SesaZlebloba unda gaaCndeT imisaTvis, rom Tavi gaarTvan decentralizebuli

marTvis garemoSi maTze dakisrebul pasuxismgeblobebs. winamdebare punqtSi

aRwerilia, Tu rogor esmiT skolis direqtorebs axali roli da funqciebi, ra

saxis swavlebaa saWiro direqtorebisa da administratorebisaTvis maT mier axali

funqciebis efeqturad da kvalificiurad SesrulebisaTvis. aseve ganxilulia, Tu

ra potenciali gaaCniaT amJamad skolebs imisaTvis, rom miiRon gadawyvetilebebi

monacemebis safuZvelze; garda amisa, winamdebare punqtSi aRniSnulia, Tu ra

doneze gamoiyeneba informacia, romelic skolis masStabiT cnobilia sxvadasxva

dainteresebuli mxarisaTvis; aRwerilia aseve sxvadasxva dainteresebuli mxaris

monawileobis sakiTxi gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi.

4.1.2.1 direqtorTa mier sakuTari rolis da pasuxismgeblobebis gaazreba

direqtorebi acxadeben, rom maTTvis cnobilia im axali rolisa da pasuxismgeb-

lobebis Sesaxeb, romelic Tavad maT da maT administracias ekisreba decentralizebuli

marTvis pirobebSi. es Sefasebis jgufis mier Catarebuli gasaubrebis drosac

dadasturda. gamokiTxul direqtorTa umetesobam (93%) aRniSna, rom cvlilebebamde

maT ukve icodnen axali pasuxismgeblobebis Sesaxeb. Tumca, gasaubrebis dros aSkara

gaxda, rom direqtorebs mainc esaWiroebaT maTi uflebamosilebis, funqciebisa da

uflebebis Sesaxeb damatebiTi axsna-ganmarteba da miTiTebebi, raTa saTanadod

gaiazron da Seasrulon axali funqcia da pasuxismgeblobebi. dasmul SekiTxvaze,

Tu ramdenad informirebulebi iyvnen, direqtorTa mxolod 45%-ma upasuxa, rom

srulyofil informacias flobda axali rolisa da pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb, 50%-

ma upasuxa, rom nawilobriv flobda informacias, xolo 5%-ma aRiara, rom araferi

icoda sakuTari pasuxismgeblobebis Sesaxeb. aseve saganmanaTleblo resurscentris

xelmZRvanelebma aRniSnes, rom direqtorTa garkveuli raodenoba kvlavac mimarTavs

saministros an saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs maTi uflebamosilebis sferoSi

moqceuli problemebis gadasaWrelad an sakiTxebis dasazusteblad, maTi movaleobebis

Sesaxeb ufro detaluri miTiTebebisa da axsna-ganmartebebis miReba esaWiroebaT

administraciul TanamSromlebsac. rogorc es cxrilidanac Cans, swavleba, romelic

direqtorebs aqvT gavlili, dakavSirebulia maTi rolisa da pasuxismgeblobebis

ukeTesad gaazrebasTan, , magram zogadad Tu SevajamebT, sxvaoba statistikurad

mniSvnelovani ar aris.


cxrili 4.2. sakuTari uflebebisa da pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba im direqtorTa mier, romelTac

gavlili aqvT/ar aqvT swavleba

respondentis kategoria srulad nawilobriv aranairadar

icis

xi-kvadratis

cvladi albaToba

swavleba gavlili aqvs 58 38 0 27.1178 0.1695

swavleba gavlili ar aqvs 37 61 0 1

raodenoba = 99

4.1.2.2. swavlebis kursi direqtorebisaTvis

yvela direqtori aRiarebs, rom mas da mis administraciul TanamSromlebs

esaWiroebaT saswavlo kursebis gavla, rogorc maTi samuSaos masStabebis Sesaxeb

informaciis misaRebad, aseve maTi funqciebis Sesasruleblad saWiro unar-Cvevebis

SesaZenad. gasaubrebis dros direqtorTa umetesoba acxadebda, rom pedagogebis didi

nawili swavlebis kursebs gadis profesiuli ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT, magram

direqtorebisa da administratorebis saWiroebebs saswavlo kursebSi yuradReba ar

eqceva.

direqtorebsa da maT administraciul TanamSromSromlebs, dirqtorebisve

miTiTebiT, swavlebis kursebi esaWiroebaT Semdeg sakiTxebSi: marTva da finansuri

angariSvaldebuleba, Sesyidvebis procedura da fsiqologia. gamokiTxul direqtorTa

46%-ma aRniSna, rom warsulSi gavlili aqvT sxvadasxva dros, sxvadasxva saxelmwifo

da arasamTavrobo dawesebulebebis mier organizebuli kursebi skolis marTvis

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.

4.1.2.3 skolebis mier gadawyvetilebis miRebis SesaZlebloba

umetes SemTxvevaSi, direqtorebi da administracia acxadeben, rom isini

gadawyvetilebebs iReben miRebuli monacemebisa da informaciis safuZvelze.

Seswavlil skolebSi, rogorc wesi, aRniSnavdnen, rom isini gadawyvetilebis miRebisas

mopovebul monacemebs iTvaliswineben: skolebis 98% agrovebs monacemebs moswavleebis

akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb; skolebis 75% awarmoebs oqmebs moswavleebis

disciplinaruli problemebis Sesaxeb; skolebis 66% awarmoebs oqmebs moswavleebis

klasgareSe aqtivobis Sesaxeb; da skolebis 63% agrovebs informacias pedagogTa

kvalifikaciis Sesaxeb. zogierTma skolam ganacxada, rom pedagogTa kvalifikaciasa

da unar-Cvevebs sakuTari kriteriumebiT afasebs, Sefasebas ki iyenebs saukeTeso

maswavleblebisa da moswavleebisaTvis wamaxalisebeli premiisa da stipendiebis

gadanawilebisas.

TiTqmis yvela skolis direqtori aRniSnavs, rom strategiuli miznebis misaRwevad

qmnis saskolo gegmas: skolebis direqtorebis 98% adgens skolis strategiul

gegmas an amocanebs, skolebis direqtorebis 95% ki adgens sakuTar wliur samoqmedo

gegmas. Sefasebis jgufma ver SeZlo monacemebis Segrovebis procesSi ganesazRvra

aRniSnuli gegmebis mniSvneloba maT mier skolis saWiroebebis dakmayofilebis

TvalsazrisiT.

skolebis 81%-s hyavs personali, romelsac skolis fizikuri resursebis

kontroli evaleba. meores mxriv, skolebis mxolod 14%-s hyavs personali, romelic

SromiTi resursebis marTvas ganagebs. es imaze miuTiTebs, rom umetes SemTxvevaSi


direqtorebi arian pasuxismgebeli SromiTi resursebis marTvaze, zogierT SemTxvevaSi

ki aRniSnuli sfero spontanurad imarTeba.

amave dros zogierTma direqtorma Sefasebis jgufTan gasaubrebis dros gamoTqva

azri, rom saerTo jamSi skolis direqtorebisa da sameurveo sabWoebis SesaZleblobebi

dagegmvis TvalsazrisiT arasakmarisi iqneba skolebis momavali akreditaciis

moTxovnebis dasakmayofileblad. vinaidan gegmis mixedviT skolebis akreditacia

2009 wels daiwyeba da dasruldeba 2011 wels, direqtorebisa da sameurveo sabWoebis

momzadeba akreditaciisaTvis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes sakiTxs warmoadgens.

Sefasebis jgufma skolis marTvis erT-erTi samagaliTo praqtika #51 skolaSi

aRmoaCina. aq dawesebulia moswavleebisa da pedagogebis saqmianobasTan, skolaSi

saswavlo garemosTan, fizikur saskolo aRWurvilobasa da finansur angariSgebasTan,

aseve mmarTvelobis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli monacemebis Segrovebis efeqturi da

kvalificiuri procedura. monacemebis Segroveba da ganaxleba regularulad da

sistematurad xdeba. Sefasebis jgufma Seityo, rom aq arsebobs skolis direqtorTa

qseli, romlis saSualebiTac direqtorebi erTmaneTs uziareben inovaciur ideebsa

da saTanado praqtikas, rogoric aris, magaliTad, monacemebis Segrovebis formati,

maswavlebelTa saqmianobis Sefasebis kriteriumebi da a.S. es praqtika SeiZleba

sasargeblo iyos sxva skolebisaTvisac ara marto TbilisSi, aramed regionebSic.

am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT gakeTebuli Sefasebis Sedegebma aCvena, rom skolebi

srul mzadyofnaSi arian decentralizebuli garemos misaRebad da gaaCniaT

gadawyvetilebis damoukideblad miRebis unari, Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom Sefasebis

jgufi aseT dadebiT Sedegs ar moeloda. aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT Semdgomi

kvleva ufro detaluri informaciis miRebis saSualebas mogvcems, rac, sasargeblo

masala iqneba skolis administratorebisa da sameurveo sabWoebisaTvis saswavlo

kursis dasagegmad.

4.1.2.4 skolebis SesaZleblobebi demokratiuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis sakiTxebSi

sxvadasxva dainteresebul mxares Soris skolis marTvisa da moswavleTa aqtivobis

Sesaxeb informaciis gaziarebis masStabebi gaizarda decentralizaciis reformebis

ganxorcielebis Semdeg. pedagogebs da mSoblebsac axla ukve meti SesaZlebloba

aqvT gamoxaton TavianTi mosazrebebi da monawileoba miiRon gadawyvetilebebis

miRebaSi.

skolebis umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom moswavleebis aqtivobisa da skolis marTvis

Sesaxeb informacias avrcelebs yvela dainteresebul mxares Soris, eseni arian:

pedagogebi, mSoblebi da moswavleebi. skolebis umetesoba (95%) aRniSnavs, rom

mSoblebisaTvis moswavleebis aqtivobisa da problemebis Sesaxeb informaciis

miwodebisaTvis gaaCnia garkveuli saxis struqturirebuli regularuli procedura.

rac Seexeba skolis marTvis Sesaxeb mSoblebisaTvis informaciis miwodebas, amisaTvis

yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba mSoblebisa da sameurveo sabWos krebis meTodi. zogierTi

skola, Tumca Zalian mcire raodenoba, iyenebs komunikaciis werilobiT formebs,

rogoricaa skolis gazeTi, formaluri werilebi, skolis gancxadebebis dafa.

cxrili #4.3 gviCvenebs, rom skolis direqtorTa umetesoba pedagogebTan

molaparakebis Semdeg iRebs gadawyvetilebas saswavlo garemos, biujetisa da skolis

marTvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.


cxrili 4.3: pedagogebis pasuxebi imis Sesaxeb, ganixilavs Tu ara direqtori pedagogebTan qvemoT

mocemuli sakiTxebs gadawyvetilebebis miRebis win

diax ara raodenoba

skolisaTvis damatebiTi saxsrebis misaRebad RonisZiebebis dagegmva 78 22 659

finansuri resursebis gamoyenebis gza 79 20 637

klasebis da sagnebis ganawileba maswavleblebs Soris 93 7 682

saxelmZRvaneloebisa da saswavlo masalebis SerCeva 88 12 668

maswavleblebis profesiuli ganviTareba (saswavlo kursebis gavla) 94 6 689

TanamSromloba adgilobriv sazogadoebasTan 84 11 656

monacemebidan Cans, rom ufro dabalia im maswavleblebis procentuli maCvenebeli,

romlebsac miaCniaT, rom saSualeba aqvT Tavisuflad gamoxaton TavianTi mosazrebebi

skolis administraciasTan (60% srulad eTanxmeba, 34% nawilobriv eTanxmeba, xolo

7% ar eTanxmeba). da mainc, maswavleblebis 39% miiCnevs, rom decentralizaciis

Semdeg ufro meti Tavisufleba aqvT skolis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT mosazrebebis

gamoTqmisas. maswavleblebis azriT, gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi maTi roli

Semoifargleba swavlebasa da saswavlo procesTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebiT.

fokus-jgufSi maswavleblebis mier gakeTebuli SeniSvnebis Tanaxmad biujetTan

dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebi saerTod erTpirovnulad skolis direqtorebis da

sameurveo sabWoebis mier miiReba. magram, rogorc maswavleblebi acxadeben, skolis

biujetis dagegmvis procesi dResdReobiT ufro gamWvirvale gaxda. moTxovnisamebr,

maswavleblebsa da mSoblebs SeuZliaT informacia miiRon biujetTan dakavSirebuli

gegmebisa da yoveli sabiujeto erTeulis angariSis Sesaxeb.

maswavleblebis umetesoba acxadebs, rom Tavisi skolis strategiuli dagegmarebis

saqmis kursSia. gamokiTxul maswavlebelTa mxolod mcire nawili ar flobs

informacias sakuTari skolis strategiuli amocanebis da samoqmedo gegmebis

arsebobis Sesaxeb (16% da 14% Sesabamisad). agreTve, gamokiTxul maswavlebelTa

mxolod 14%-ma ar icis, Tu rogor nawildeba uflebebi da pasuxismgeblobebi

direqtors, administraciul TanamSromlebsa da sameurveo sabWos Soris.

sameurveo sabWoTa umetesoba aRniSnavs, rom amJamad administraciul da skolasTan

dakavSirebul informacias mxolod skolis direqtorebisa da administratorebisagan

iRebs. ase, rom SesaZlebelia, direqtorebma ganzrax an uneburad araswori informacia

miawodon sameurveo sabWos wevrebs. sameurveo sabWos gamokiTxul wevrTagan mxolod

23%-ma aRniSna, rom maTi direqtorebi skolas demokratiulad ar marTaven.

4.1.3 direqtoris arCevnebis sistema

dainteresebul mxareTa umetesobis azriT, axali direqtoris arCeva ukeTesia,

vidre direqtorebis daniSvna (adrindeli praqtika). arCevnebi kvalificirebul

kandidatebs saSualebas aZlevs ganacxadi Seitanon direqtoris vakansiaze. skolis

direqtorebi umetesad dadebiTad afaseben direqtoris arCevnebs. maTi azriT, es

ufro profesionaluri (89%) da gamWvirvale (88%) meTodia. magram maT arCevnebis

uaryofiT Sedegebzec gaamaxviles yuradReba. zogierTi direqtori wuxs imaze, rom

axali sqemis gaTvaliswinebiT dakargavs kavSirs adgilobriv sazogadoebasTan.


maT aseve awuxebT is faqti, rom zogierTi gamocdili direqtori, romelsac

komunikaciis brwyinvale unari da sxva gamorCeuli Tvisebebi aqvs, ver SeZlebs

gamocdebze maRali qulebis miRebas da direqtoris Tanamdebobas dakargavs. aseve,

zogierT direqtors arCevnebis uaryofiT mxared miaCnia is faqti, rom direqtors

sameurveo sabWos wevrebi irCeven - arCevnebis procesSi SeiZleba piradi kavSirebi

iyos gadamwyveti. sruliad SesaZlebelia, rom sameurveo sabWos wevrebma ganzrax

uaryon potenciurad warmatebuli kandidati; maT miaCniaT, rom ukeTesi iqneba, Tu

saministro Caatarebs direqtorobis kandidatebis gamocdas da gasaubrebas, Semdeg

ki kvalificirebul direqtorebs pirdapir daniSnavs skolebSi sameurveo sabWos

mier xmis micemis gareSe. arCevnebisadmi direqtorebi ufro dadebiTad arian

ganwyobilebi, vidre maswavleblebi. maswavlebelTa mxolod 47%-s aqvs dadebiTi

damokidebuleba arCevnebisadmi. magram maswavleblebi, romlebic kargad icnoben

direqtorTa arCevnebis proceduras, mxars uWeren axal sqemas (89%). aRniSnuli

pasuxebi miRebul iqna 2007 wels direqtorTa daniSvnamde.

4.1.4 sameurveo sabWoebis efeqturoba da aqtiuroba

saqarTvelos zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi sameurveo sabWoebi dawesebul

iqna warmomadgenlobiTi organoebis saxiT, romelic pasuxismgebelia skolis doneze

gadawyvetilebis miRebis gamWvirvalobasa da skolis marTvaSi saerTo monawileobaze,

aseve skolaSi saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebaze. winamdebare punqtSi aRwerilia

am miznebis misaRwevad dRemde arsebuli winsvla; aseve miTiTebulia, Tu ramdenad

emorCileba sameurveo sabWo demokratiul principebs sakuTari saqmianobiT; garda

amisa, warmodgenilia Sefaseba, Tu ramdenad efeqturad iyeneben sameurveo sabWoebi

sakuTar resursebsa da SesaZleblobebs. mocemul punqtSi aseve dadgenilia sameurveo

sabWos saqamianobis SesaZlo gaumjobesebis sferoebi, ZiriTadi saswavlo kursebis

saWiroeba da sameurveo sabWoebis winaSe mdgari mTavari problemebi.

4.1.4.1 demokratiuli principebis dacva

umetes SemTxvevaSi respondentebi aRniSnavdnen, rom sameurveo sabWos arCevnebi

saTanadod Catarda mniSvnelovani problemebis gareSe. magram zogierT skolaSi

mxolod mSoblebis mcire procentma miiRo monawileoba sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi.

im mSoblebis procentuli maCvenebeli, romelTac monawileoba miiRes sameurveo

sabWos arCevnebSi, ufro maRalia soflebsa da mTian raionebSi, vidre qalaqSi (64 da

65% soflebsa da maRalmTian rionebSi da 50% qalaqSi).

zogierT SemTxvevaSi gamokvlevam aCvena, rom direqtorma gavlena moaxdina

sameurveo sabWos wevrebis arCevnebze.


cxrili 4.4: sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi monawile mSobelTa proporcia

respondentis kategoriamSoblebis

saSualo %sandoobis intevalis 95%

Ti an xi-

kvadratialbaToba

qalaqi 50 36 64

1.47 0.164sofeli 64 50 79

mTiani raioni 65 49 82

raodenoba = 95

umetes SemTxvevaSi xmebis micema moxda kanonis dacviT. sameurveo sabWos

wevri zogierTi pedagogi acxadebs, rom aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac sameurveo sabWo

kenWisyriT ar iRebs gadawyvetilebas. sameurveo sabWos wevrebi, romlebic fokus-

jgufis diskusiebSi monawileobdnen, aRniSnavdnen, rom zogjer, gansakuTrebiT ki

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac saqme nakleb mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs exeba, sameurveo sabWo

gadawyvetilebas iRebs wevrebs Soris erTsulovani SeTanxmebiT.

gamokiTxul sabWos wevr maswavlebelTagan mxolod 23% miiCnevs, rom maTi

direqtorebi skolas demokratiuli principiT ar marTaven.

4.1.4.2 efeqtianoba

umetes SemTxvevaSi, sameurveo sabWo mowadinebulia, rom gaaumjobesos skolis

marTva da saswavlo garemo . skolebis 88%-Si sameurveo sabWos sxdomebis sixSire

Sesabamisi moTxovnis minimums akmayofilebs an aRemateba (mTlianad saSualod

weliwadSi 4.78 -jer). dakvirvebam aCvena, rom qalaqis skolebSi sameurveo sabWos

sxdomebi ufro iSviaTad tardeba. soflebsa da mTiani raionebis skolebSi sabWos

sxdoma saSualod weliwadSi 5 an 6-jer tardeba, qalaqis skolebSi ki es maCvenebeli

3.7 utoldeba. direqtorebis azriT, sameurveo sabWos sxdomaTa sixSire sakmarisia.

Tumca, meores mxriv, miaCniaT, rom ukeTesi iqneba, Tu sabWos sxdoma ufro xSirad

Catardeba. garda amisa, maswavleblebi, romlebic sameurveo sabWos wevrebi arian,

ufro metad uWeren mxars sameurveo sabWos sxdomebis raodenobis zrdas, vidre

direqtorebi, rogorc es qvemoT mocemul cxrilSia naCvenebi. sxva qveynebSi Zalian

bevr sameurveo sabWos dawesebuli aqvs sxdomebi, sadac saganmanaTleblo sakiTxebi

ganixileba. aseTi sxdomebi xSirad saqmian Sexvedrebs Soris tardeba.

cxrili 4.5 sabWos sxdomebis sixSiresTan dakavSirebiT direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis

mosazrebebis Sedareba

sakmarisia arasakmarisia ar vici raodenoba

direqtorebi 78 22 0 103

maswavleblebi 57 30 13 233

sabWos wevrebi, gansakuTrebiT ki soflebSi, rogorc erTidaimave sazogadoebis

wevrebi, xSirad araformalur Sexvedrebs iyeneben skolis sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad

da gadasawyvetad.

1��ganaTlebis sistemis gardaqmnisa da ganmtkicebis proeqti `ilia WavWavaZis~ Sefaseba

sameurveo sabWoebis saqmianoba sxvadasxva skolebSi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba

erTmaneTisagan; saSualo maCveneblis mixedviT, sameurveo sabWos wevrebs Soris

maswavleblebi ufro aqtiurebi arian, vidre mSoblebi.

zogierT skolas sameurveo sabWos wevrebis umoqmedobis problema aqvs, rac

gamowveulia imiT, rom sabWos wevrebi dakavebulebi arian da Tanac nakleb interess

amJRavneben aRniSnuli sakiTxisadmi. rogorc qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSia naCvenebi,

SesaZloa, soflis skolebSi sameurveo sabWoebi ufro naklebad aqtiurebi arian,

vidre qalaqisa da mTiani regionis skolebSi.

cxrili 4.6 arian Tu ara sameurveo sabWoSi wevrebi, romlebic sakmaris aqtiurobas ar iCenen?

respondentis kategoria diax (%) xi-kvadratis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 39

12.3750 0.0305soflis skola 55

mTiani regionis skola 14

raodenoba = 103

cxrili 4.7 gasul wels skolebSi sameurveo sabWos kenWisyriT miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis

raodenoba

respondentis kategoria saSualod 95 sandoobis intervali

qalaqis skola 5.7 3.8 7.5

soflis skola 4.9 3.8 5.9

mTiani regionis skola 5.8 3.1 8.6

raodenoba = 89

zogierT sameurneo sabWoSi (57%) dawesebulia qve-komitetebi. maTi gavrceleba

sxvadasxva skolaSi aseve araTanabaria:

cxrili 4.8: skolebSi sameurveo sabWoebis mier dawesebuli komitetebis arseboba

respondentis kategoria diax (%) xi-kvadratis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 71

3.9687 0.4783soflis skola 48

mTiani regionis skola 54

raodenoba = 103

miuxedavad sameurveo sabWoebSi qvekomitetebis da sabWoebis arsebobisa,

gamokvlevam aCvena, rom movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobebi mkafiod ar aris

ganawilebuli qvekomitetebsa da sameurveo sabWoebs Soris da rom sameurveo

sabWoebi Tavad xSirad yvela sakiTxs wyveten rogorc erT mTlians im SemTxvevaSic

ki, Tu maT ama Tu im konkretuli sakiTxisaTvis, mag., moswavleTa disciplinarul

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, specialuri qvekomiteti gaaCniaT.


sameurveo sabWoebi, rogorc wesi, ufro metad arian CarTulebi biujetis

dagegmvaSi da angariSgebis sakiTxebSi, vidre saswavlo garemosa da saswavlo

procesis gaumjobesebis saqmeSi. magram, araerTi sabWo aseve cdilobs ganaxorcielos

sakuTari iniciativa, romelic skolis marTvis farglebs scildeba, mag., iseT

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, rogoric aris: skolis gaTbobis sistema, sportuli

moednebi, aRWurvilobis Sesyidva, wamaxalisebeli jildo maswavleblebisaTvis,

moswavleTa daswrebis sakiTxi da a.S. Seswavlili skolebis 42%-Si direqtorebma

aRniSnes, rom sameurveo sabWoebi xSirad axorcieleben skolaSi saswavlo garemos

gaumjobesebasTan dakavSirebul iniciativebs, xolo skolebis 44%-Si direqtorebis

gancxadebiT sameurveo sabWo xandaxan gamodis aseTi iniciativiT. isev da isev,

qalaqisa da mTiani regionebis skolebi am TvalsazrisiT aqtiurobiT gamoirCevian,

rogorc es qvemoT mocemul cxrilSia naCvenebi. Sefasebis gundma ver SeZlo

ganesazRvra soflis skolebSi aqtiurobis aSkarad dabali donis mizezi.

cxrili 4.9: sxvadasxva tipis skolebSi sakuTari iniciativiT moqmedebis sixSiris Sedareba

respondentis kategoria xSirad zogjer iSviaTad arasodes T-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 50 25 23 21.57 0.139

soflis skola 26 58 16 0

3.52 0.004mTiani regionis skola 58 41 1 0

Sefasebis jgufi kvlevis dros ewvia goris #6 saSualo skolas, sadac sameurveo

sabWos mniSvnelovani roli aqvs; maswavleblebi da mSoblebi Tanabrad arian

CarTulebi sameurveo sabWos mier gadawyvetilebis miRebis processa da saqmianobaSi.

isini xSirad iCenen iniciativas skolaSi saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebasTan

dakavSirebiT. magaliTad, sameurveo sabWom Tavisi iniciativiT uzrunvelyo skola

specialuri aRWurvilobiT invalidi bavSvebisaTvis. sameurveo sabWo aseve aqtiurobs

fondisaTvis fuladi saxsrebis Segrovebis sakiTxSi. sabWos wevri mSoblebi sxva

mSoblebs regularulad awvdian informacias skolasTan dakavSirebiT da Sesabamisad,

sazogadoeba aqtiurad monawileobs skolis cxovrebaSi. skolis direqtorsa da

sameurveo sabWos wevrebs Soris intensiuri TanamSromloba maT sakuTari funqciebis

ukeTesad SesrulebaSic exmareba.

4.1.4.3 sameurveo sabWos uflebamosilebani

sameurveo sabWoebi jerjerobiT srulad ar iyeneben sakuTar SesaZleblobebs,

ramdenadac isini axlad daarsebul organoebs warmoadgenen. direqtorebi sameurveo

sabWos upirvelesad ganixilaven rogorc organoebs, romelTanac pasuxismgeblobebi

unda gaiziaron da iTanamSromlon, da mas ar ganixilaven rogorc opoziciur Zalas.

magram zogierT SemTxvevaSi adgili aqvs dabneulobas skolis administraciasa

da sameurveo sabWos Soris rolebisa da pasuxismgeblobebis ganawilebasTan

dakavSirebiT, rac xSirad skolis marTvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT ukidures

daZabulobisa da konfliqtebis warmoSobas ganapirobebs. gamokvleul skolaTa

sameurveo sabWos wevrebis 77% aRniSnavs, rom srul informacias flobs sameurveo

sabWoSi sakuTari rolisa da pasuxismgeblobebis Sesaxeb, 15% acxadebs rom kargad

ar icnobs sakuTar pasuxismgeblobebs, xolo 6%-ma araferi icis amis Sesaxeb.


sameurveo sabWoebis daaxloebiT 60%-s treningi aqvs gavlili, magram es sabWos

mxolod ramdenime wevrze Tu aisaxeba. aseve, sakiTxebis farTo speqtris irgvliv

trenings sxvadasxva dros sxvadasxva organizacia atarebda.

raodenobrivi da Tvisobrivi kvlevis Sedegebi gviCvenebs, rom sameurveo sabWos

wevrebi damatebiT treningebs saWiroeben. gamokiTxul sabWos wevr maswavlebelTa

43% miiCnevs, rom treningebi maTTvis sakmarisi ar iyo, 38% Tvlis, rom swavleba

sakmarisi iyo, xolo 19%-s am kiTxvaze pasuxi ar aqvs. yvelaze mniSvnelovani maTTvis

aris swavleba maTi rolisa da pasuxismgeblobebis Sesaxeb. sameurveo sabWoebs

surT, rom ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom oficialuri treningebi Caataros

maTi movaleobebisa da uflebamosilebis ukeTesad gacnobis mizniT. mniSvnelovania,

sameurveo sabWos rolisa da pasuxismgeblobebis Sesaxeb informacia da miTiTebebi

erTnairad miewodos direqtorebsa da sabWos wevrebs, raTa Tavidan aviciloT

maT Soris konfliqtebi da gaugebroba. magaliTad, sameurveo sabWosa da skolis

administracias Soris adgili hqonda dapirispirebas sxva maswavleblebTan erTad

skolis biujetis sakiTxebis ganxilvasTan dakavSirebiT, ramdenadac skolis

administraciam es qmedeba kanonisa da protokolis darRvevad miiCnia.

mSloblebis garda, adgilobrivi sazogadoebis sxva wevrebis monawileoba

sameurveo sabWoSi sakmaod dabalia: Seswavlili skolebis mxolod 29%-s hyavs

sameurveo sabWoSi adgilobrivi sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebi.

4.1.4.4 problematuri sakiTxebi

kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda is problemebi, romlis winaSec aRmoCnda sameurveo

sabWo skolis marTvis saqmeSi CarTvis dros. zogierT skolaSi daZabuloba da

konfliqtebi, romelic adgilobriv sazogadoebaSi arsebobs, aseve aisaxeba sameurveo

sabWoze da es xSirad abrkolebs sameurveo sabWos kvalificiur funqcionirebas.

agreTve, erT-erTi skolis sameurveo sabWoSi, sabWos wevrma maswavleblebma

aRniSnes, rom rogorc maswavleblebi, direqtoris zewolisa da Seuracxyofisagan

daucvelebi iyvnen. miuxedavad imisa rom, rogorc samurveo sabWos wevrebi, teqnikurad

sabWos wevri maswavleblebi direqtoris doneze dganan, isini mainc direqtors

eqvemdebarebian rogorc maswavleblebi da direqtors SeuZlia maTi samsaxuridan

gaTavisufleba an xelaxla gadanawileba. sameurveo sabWom aRniSna, rom direqtori

maswavleblebs gaTavisuflebiT daemuqra, rodesac direqtorsa da sameurveo sabWos

Soris dapirispirebas hqonda adgili. sabWos wevrebis azriT unda arsebobdes

iuridiuli dacvis meqanizmebi, romlebic sabWos wevri maswavleblebis uflebebis

dacvas uzrunvelyofs.

4.1.5 mSoblebis monawileoba skolis marTvasa da swavlis procesSi

direqtorebTan da sameurveo sabWosTan gasaubrebis Sedegad dadginda, rom

reformamdel periodTan SedarebiT mSoblebis mier moswavleTa akademiuri moswrebis

Sesaxeb informaciis flobis done garkveulwilad gaumjobesda, magram gaumjobesebis

maCvenebeli arc Tu ise didia. gamokiTxul direqtorTa 42%-is azriT, mSoblebi

ufro arian informirebulni moswavleTa akademiuri moswrebisa da problemebis

Sesaxeb, vidre reformamde. direqtorTa 40% miiCnevs, rom mSoblebi odnav ukeTesad

arian informirebulni, 14% fiqrobs, rom aranairi cvlileba ar aris, xolo 4%-is

gancxadebiT mSoblebi axla ufro naklebad informirebulni arian.

rac Seexeba mSobelTa monawileobas skolis marTvis saqmeSi, rac sameurveo


sabWos aqtiurobaSi gamoixateba, raodenobrivi maCvenebeli adasturebs, rom mSoblebi

garkveulwilad aqtiuroben. im mSoblebis saerTo raodenoba, romelTac monawileoba

miiRes sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi saSualod 60%-ia; mSoblebis 6% sabWos wevrobis

kandidati iyo. rogorc dadginda, mSoblebis monawileobis maCvenebeli qalaqSi ufro

naklebia, vidre sofelsa da mTian regionebSi, rogorc es qvemoT mocemul cxrilSia

naCvenebi:

cxrili 4.10: im mSobelTa proporcia, romelnic sameurveo sabWos kenWisyraSi monawileobdnen

respondentis kategoria saSualo (%) 95% sandoobis intervali Ti-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqi 50 36 641.47 0.164

sofeli 64 50 79

mTaini regioni 65 49 82 - -

raodenoba = 94

cxrili 4.11: im mSoblebis xvedriTi wili, romlebic sameurveo sabWos wevrobis kandidatebi

iyvnen

respondentis kategoria saSualo (%) 95% sandoobis intervali Ti-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqi 2.5 1.2 3.83.44 0.004

sofeli 8 4.5 11

mTaini regioni 7 2.4 12 - -

raodenoba = 96

direqtorebi yvelaze xSirad akademiur sakiTxebSi mSoblebis monawileobis

gaumjobesebas sameurveo sabWos sistemis SemoRebas miaweren. maTi azriT, axla

mSoblebi grZnoben, rom ufro metad arian pasuxismgebelni da ufro did rols

asruleben TavianTi Svilebis swavlis procesSi. saswavlo programis reformam

(individualuri midgoma da Sefasebis 10-quliani sistema), mniSvnelovnad gazarda

mSoblebis daintereseba sakuTari Svilebis akademiur moswrebiTa da problemebiT.

mSoblebis mxridan naklebi daintereseba, rogorc amas direqtorTa umetesoba

aRniSnavs, saskolo cxovrebaSi maTi pasiuri monawileobis umTavresi mizezi iyo.

4.1.6 saganmanaTleblo resurscentris institucionaluri uflebamosileba

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis daarseba mniSvnelovan amocanasTanaa

dakavSirebuli- isini skolebs unda daexmaron skolis marTvisa da saswavlo garemos

gaumjobesebaSi. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebsac igive problemebi aqvT, rac am

bolo dros daarsebul yvela organos, magram progresi mainc aSkaraa. am punqtSi

ganxilulia saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis amJamindeli SesaZleblobebi da

Zlieri mxareebi, aseve warmodgenilia maTi susti mxareebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli

riski. mocemuli kvleva SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas momavalSi saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis progresisa da saqmianobis gansasazRvrad da Sesafaseblad.


4.1.6.1 saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis Zlieri mxareebi da SesaZleblobebi

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi mniSvnelovan rols asruleben skolebSi

saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebasa da skolis marTvis saqmeSi; maT dadebiTad afaseben

direqtorebi da maswavlebelebi. direqtorebi kmayofilebi arian saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis daarsebiT imdenad, ramdenadac maTi saSualebiT ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministro skolis administracias administraciuli swavlebas

da biurokratiul informacias awvdis. gamokiTxul direqtorTa 93% miiCnevs, rom

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi maT raionebSi sakmaod aqtiuroben maswavleblebis

profesiuli ganviTarebisa da skolebis marTvis saqmeSi. magram maswavleblebi am

sakiTxis mimarT naklebad arian dadebiTad ganwyobilni: gamokiTxul maswavlebelTa

mxolod 15% eTanxmeba srulad im azrs, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi

sakmaod aqtiuroben skolis marTvis sakiTxebSi, 34% nawilobriv eTanxmeba aRniSnul

mosazrebas, 28% ki fiqrobs, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi sakmarisad ar

aqtiuroben, xolo 24%-ma ganacxada, rom sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT araferi icis.

meores mxriv, maswavleblebis ufro meti raodenoba (53%) Tvlis, rom maTi raionis

saganmanaTleblo resurscentri sakmaod aqtiuria da zrunavs maT profesiul

ganviTarebaze.

TiTqmis yvela skolis direqtori Tvlis, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentris

personals sakmarisi unari da SesaZlobleba gaaCnia imisaTvis, rom skolebs

saTanadod daexmaros.

direqtorebi dadebiTad afaseben saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis saqmianobas

Zvel raionul saganmanaTlo sammarTveloebTan SedarebiT. maswavleblebis

damokidebuleba ki kvlavac naklebada dadebiTia (ix. qvemoT mocemuli cxrili)

cxrili 4.12: direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis mier saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisgan

miRebuli daxmarebis donis Sefaseba raionul sammarTveloebTan SedarebiT (%-Si)

respondentebi

saganmanaTleblo

resurs centrebi

gacilebiT met daxmarebas

uzrunvelyofen

daxmareba

ufro

metia

gansxvaveba

ar aris

daxmareba

naklebia

daxmareba

gacilebiT

naklebia

aranairi

daxmareba raodenoba

direqtorebi 85 12 0 0.3 3 0 104

maswavleblebi 18 29 29 14 3 6 166

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrs yvela dainteresebuli mxare aRiqvams, rogorc

skolis administraciasa da ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros Soris Suamaval

dawesebulebas, romelic pasuxismgebelia skolebisaTvis daxmarebis uzrunvelyofa-

ze da ara skolebis kontrolsa da inspeqtirebaze.

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebTan gasaubrebisas gamoikveTa

direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis dadebiTi damokidebuleba saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis mimarT. gasaubrebisas aRiniSna, rom saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebs ukeTesi komunikacia da urTierToba aqvT skolebTan, iseve rogorc

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan; korufcia mniSvnelovnad Semcirda,

zogierTi saganmanaTleblo resurscentri ganaxlda da axla ukeTesi aRWurviloba

aqvs imisaTvis, rom skolebs saTanadod daexmaros. rac mTavaria, kvlevis dros

sazogadod iqna aRiarebuli, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelTa


da wevrTagan Zalian bevri sakmaod motivirebulia sakuTari movaleobebis kargad

SesrulebisTvis. garda amisa, Tavad saganmanaTleblo resurscentris wevrebi

aRiareben, rom maT kvlavac esaWiroebaT damatebiTi treningebi da resursebi;

maTTvis ar aris uxerxuli am faqtis aRiareba. zogierTma wevrma ki aRniSna, rom

maT Camoyalibebuli aqvT saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis sustad dakavSirebuli

regionaluri qseli, romlis saSualebiTac axerxeben erTmaneTisaTvis azrebis

gaziarebas da problemebze msjelobas. regionaluri da erovnuli asociaciebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs Soris am saxis TanamSromlobas

xeli unda SevuwyoT maTi funqcionirebis gaumjobesebis mizniT.

4.1.6.2 saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis sistemis susti mxareebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli

safrTxe

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisagan dainteresebuli mxareebi mravali

amocanis Sesrulebas moelian, Tumca, rogorc Cans, resurscentrebis fizikuri da

SromiTi resursebi am amocanebis Sesasruleblad sakmarisi ar aris. saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebTan fokus-jgufis ganxilvebidan cxadi gaxda, rom

resurscentrebs ufro meti kadri, meti da ukeTesi aRWurviloba da arsebuli

personalis SesaZleblobebis zrda esaWiroebaT. direqtorTa mxolod 30% miiCnevs,

rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi sakmarisad arian aRWurvilni imisaTvis, rom

skolebs daexmaron, 51% fiqrobs, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi mxolod

nawilobriv arian aRWurvilni.

erT-erTi umTavresi problema, romelic saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT gamoikveTa, erTis mxriv, aris arasakmarisi kavSiri

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosa da saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs Soris,

xolo meores mxriv _ saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebsa da skolebs Soris. rogorc

ukve aRvniSneT, saganmanaTleblo resurscentri Zvel raonul sammarTveloebTan

SedarebiT gaumjobesebuli dawesebulebaa, magram miuxedavad amisa, komunikaciis

ukmarisoba am upiratesobas Crdilavs. es saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

erT-erTi udidesi problemaa, romelic sxva mraval problemasac warmoSobs.

komunikaciis arasakmarisi done umeteswilad fizikuri resursebis naklebobiT aris

ganpirobebuli. igulisxmeba iseTi fizikuri resursebis nakleboba, rogoric aris

telefoni, faqsi, interneti, avtomanqanebi da benzini. es is saerTo problemebia,

romelzec saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelTa umetesoba amaxvilebda

yuradRebas centralur jgufTan erTad sakiTxis ganxilvisas. magram es problemebi

gadawyvetas eqvemdebareba da umeteswilad, albaT, mogvardeba kidec saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis ganaxlebasa da aRWurvasTan erTad, miTumetes, rom aRniSnuli

procesebi ukve mimdinareobs. Sefasebis mimdinareobisas, 19 axali resurscentri

gaixsna da srulad aRiWurva. danarCeni 25 saganmanaTleblo resurscentris ganaxleba

uaxloes momavalSi dasruldeba. rodesac yvela resurscentris ganaxldeba da

saTanadod aRiWurveba da rodesac skolebi internetiTa da kompiuteris moxmarebis

saTanado codniT iqneba uzrunvelyofili „irmis naxtomis“ programis farglebSi,

komunikaciis problemac metnaklebad mogvardeba.

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebi umetes SemTxvevaSi sakuTar

ofisebSi xvdebian skolis administratorebs. rogorc maswavleblebTan fokus-

jgufebSi gasaubrebis Sedegad gairkva, umetes SemTxvevaSi, erTaderTi piri, vinc

resurscentrSi midis, direqtoria. maswavleblebs resurscentrebTan umeteswilad

pirdapiri kavSiri ar aqvT.


saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisaTvis erT-erTi problema isaa, rom did dros

xarjaven im monacemebis gacxrilvasa da damuSavebaze, romelsac iReben skolebidan

da awvdian ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis centrs. umetes SemTxvevaSi

direqtorebi aRniSnaven, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi skolebidan statistikur

monacemebs droulad agroveben. Tumca monacemebis Segrovebis sixSire yvela skolaSi

gansxvavebulia. es ki miuTiTebs, rom ar arsebobs monacemebis Segrovebis standartizebuli

procesi. yvelaze xSirad monacemebis Segrovebasa da gadacemasTan dakavSirebul

problemad skolebi am amocanis Sesasruleblad micemuli drois simcires asaxeleben.

Tumca, mogvianebiT gairkva, rom angariSis informaciis eleqtronuli versiis Senaxva jer

kidev iSviaTad xdeba, gansakuTrebiT ki soflebSi. saganmanaTleblo resurscentris

xelmZRvanelebma aseve aRniSnes, rom skolebis mier momzadebuli monacemebis xarisxi

zogjer Zalian dabalia. amis mizezi ki angariSis momzadebisa da monacemebis arasaTanado

codnaa. es mdgomareoba saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs urTulebs monacemebis

Segrovebasa da gadamuSavebas. skolebis samomavlo kompiuterizaciisa da saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebis wyalobiT sirTuleebi garkveulwilad unda aRmoifxvras.

zogierTi saganmanaTleblo resurscentris xelmZRvaneli acxadebs, rom

resurscentrisaTvis biujetis Sedgenis procedura problemuria, radganac maT ar

aqvT sakuTari biujetis Sedgenis ufleba. amitom xelmZRvanelebi iZulebulebi

arian ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros sTxovon nebarTva TiToeul

danaxarjTan dakavSirebiT, rac maT moqnilobas mniSvnelovnad amcirebs. maTi azriT,

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs ufro meti avtonomia unda mieceT biujetis

dagegmvis sakiTxSi.

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelebsa da sxva dainteresebuli

mxareebis mier dadgenili kidev erTi problemuri sakiTxi dakavSirebulia

resurscentrebis rolsa da pasuxismgeblobebTan. saganmanaTleblo resurscentris

xelmZRvanelebs ar moswonT maTi dawesebulebis rolisa da pasuxismgeblobis

gansazRvrasTan dakavSirebuli bundovani mdgomareoba. isini acxadeben, rom arcerT

kanonSi ar aris detalurad Camoyalibebuli maTi movaleobebi da funqciebi da

amitom zogjer skolis direqtorebs ver gaurkveviaT, ra sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT

unda mimarTon saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs. zogierTi dainteresebuli mxare

aRniSnavs, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs mravali funqcia aqvs konkretuli

prioritetebis gamokveTis gareSe. resurscentrebis axali valdebulebebi iseT

movaleobebsac ki moicavs, romelic maT funqcias da pasuxismgeblobebis farglebs

scildeba.

4.1.7 skolis SesaZleblobebi biujetis Sedgenis sferoSi

biujetis dagegmva erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesia im funqciaTa Soris, romelic

decentralizaciis Semdeg skolebs daekisraT. reformamde skolebs biujetis

Sedgenis aranairi gamocdileba ar hqondaT, vinaidan adgilobrivi mmarTvelobebi

gamohyofdnen saxsrebs skolebisaTvis. winamdebare punqtSi ganxilulia, Tu ramdenad

SeuZliaT skolebs biujetis Sedgena. miTiTebulia, ra saxis procedurebs iyeneben

skolebi biujetis Sedgenis procesSi da ramdenad gamWvirvalea es procesi. aqve

warmodgenilia mTavari problemebi, romelsac dainteresebuli mxareebi gamohyofen

skolis biujetis Sedgenis dros.

TiTqmis yvela skolis direqtorma icis, formulis gamoyenebiT, rogor

gamoiTvleba misi skolis biujeti erT moswavleze. raodenobrivi monacemebis

safuZvelze gamoirkva, rom umTavresad direqtorebi gegmaven skolis biujets.


biujetis dagegmvis procedura, rogorc wesi, Semdegi elementebisagan Sedgeba:

saWiroebebis Sefaseba, xarjTaRricxva da prioritetebis gamoyofa. zogierT

SemTxvevaSi sameurveo sabWoebi monawileobas iReben saWiroebaTa SefasebaSi da

prioritetebis gamoyofaSi, isini pasuxismgebelni arian biujetis damtkicebaze.

yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba meTodi, rodesac jer direqtori da administraciuli

TanamSromlebi adgenen biujetis gegmas, Semdeg ki damtkicebis mizniT mas ganixilavs

sameurveo sabWo. biujetis dagegmva da damtkiceba sabWos wevrebis mier ganixileba

rogorc maTi umTavresi pasuxismgebloba. Tumca zogierT skolaSi dawesebulia

biujetis dagegmvis ufro efeqturi procedura.

magaliTad, zugdidis raionSi, sofel kaxaTis skolaSi, romelsac Sefasebis

jgufi kvlevis dros ewvia, yoveli sagnobrivi jgufis wevrebi gansazRvraven

im saWiroebebs, romelic maT momdevno wlisaTvis gaaCniaT. maT mier Sedgenili

prioritetebis CamonaTvali gadaecema skolis direqtors. amave dros direqtori da

administraciuli TanamSromlebi, iseve rogorc sameurveo sabWos wevrebi, adgenen

skolis saerTo saWiroebebis CamonaTvals. amis Semdeg, direqtori buRalterTan

erTad amowmebs saxsrebis arsebobas dadgenili saWiroebebis dakmayofilebisTvis da

gamoyofs prioritetebs sagnebis jgufebis xelmZRvanelebsa da sameurveo sabWosTan

konsultaciis safuZvelze. aseTi proceduris gamoyenebiT skola uzurnvelyofs

yvela dainteresebuli piris monawileobas procesSi da erTis mxriv Tavidan

icilebs potenciur daZabulobas saxsrebis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT, meores mxriv

ki uzrunvelyofs arsebuli saxsrebis efeqtur xarjvas. SesaZloa, es magaliTi

procesis modeladac davasaxeloT sxva skolebisaTvis.

skolis direqtorebi aRniSnaven, rom reformamdel periodTan SedarebiT, maT axla

ukeTesad SeuZliaT personalis xelfasebis garda sxva xarjebis biujetic Seadginon

da ufro meti Tavisuflebac gaaCniaT skolis saWiroebebis safuZvelze biujetis

SedgenasTan dakavSirebiT. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, direqtorebi dadebiTad arian

ganwyobilni da mxars uWeren biujetis Sedgenis axal proceduras, ramdenadac es

maT saSualebas aZlevs Tanxebis xarjvisTvis gamoyon prioritetebi da gansazRvron

saxsrebi skolis gaumjobesebis iniciativebisaTvis. magaliTad, xelfasebis garda,

skolebi maswavleblebs damatebiT anazRaurebas da wamaxalisebel premiebs

sTavazoben, sakuTari movaleobebis gansakuTrebulad Sesrulebis da samuSaos

masStabebis gaTvaliswinebiT. maT aseve SeuZliaT mcire stipendiebi gadauxadon

saukeTeso moswavleebs. araerT skolas aqvs SesaZlebloba daafinansos sakuTari

maswavleblebis profesiuli ganviTareba (saswavlo kursebi maswavleblebisaTvis).

magram zogierT SemTxvevaSi direqtorebma ar ician, aqvT Tu ara ufleba saxsrebi

gamoyon skolis biujetis specifikuri sakiTxebisaTvis (rogoric aris treningebi

skolis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT Tavad maTTvis da maTi administraciuli

TanamSromlebisaTvis), an ra proceduriT unda daamtkicon aseTi saxis xarjebi.

umetes SemTxvevaSi sameurveo sabWo da pedagogiuri sabWoebi CarTulni arian

wamaxalisebeli premiis gacemasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi.

skolebi aRniSnaven, rom skolis administraciidan biujetis Sesaxeb informaciis

miwodeba ZiriTadad mSoblebisa da maswavleblebis krebis mowvevis saSualebiT

xdeba. amdenad, informacia biujetis Sesaxeb umetes SemTxvevaSi krebis Semdeg

iolad xelmisawvdomi ar aris. maswavleblebis fokus-jgufebSi saubrisas aRiniSna,

rom maswavleblebi, romlebic sameurveo sabWos wevrebi ar arian, nakleb interess

amJRavneben biujetisa da finansuri sakiTxebisadmi da amasTan dakavSirebiT azris

gamoTqmac naklebad ainteresebT. zogierT SemTxvevaSi maT miaCniaT, rom maswavleblis

azrs, Tu igi sabWos wevri ar aris, aravin iTvaliswinebs,.


TiTqmis yvela skolaSi arian TanamSromlebi, romelTa movaleoba angariSgebis

dokumentebisa da oqmebis marTvaa; maT aseve unda izrunon imaze, rom finansuri

informacia advilad xelmisawvdomi iyos administratorebisaTvis. angariSgebis

monacemebis eleqtronuli saxiT Senaxvis praqtika jer kidev ramdenime skolis

masStabiT (12%) Semoifargleba. skolebis meoTxedze naklebs gaaCnia kompiuterebi

administartorebisaTvis (20%). magram did skolebs Soris (sadac 750-ze meti

moswavle swavlobs), angariSgebis informaciis Sesanaxad kompiuteris gamoyenebis

maCvenebeli 75%-ia. agreTve, im skolebis umetesoba, romelic angariSgebis

monacemebs eleqtronulad inaxavs, koncentrirebulia qalaqebSi. saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebs problemebi eqmnebaT ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis

centrisTvis warmodgenili monacemebis eleqtronuli versiis Seqmnisas.

4.1.8 decentralizacia da marTva: daskvnebi

• struqturuli cvlilebebi, romelic saqarTvelos zogad saganmanaTleblo

sistemaSi ganxorcielda, zogadad Sesabamisia sruliad decentralizebuli da

demokratiuli ganaTlebis marTvis garemos Sesaqmnelad;

• dainteresebul mxareTa umetesoba mxars uWers saganmanaTleblo sistemis

decentralizacias da demokratizacias, aseve reformebs, romelic dRemde

ganxorcielda;

• skolebi decentralizebul garemoSi efeqturi da kvalificiuri marTvis

sxvadasxva dones gviCveneben;

• zogadad skolebi jer mzad ar arian bolomde gamoiyenon SesaZleblobebi,

romelsac maT decentralizebuli garemo sTavazobs;

• zogierT skolaSi dawesebulia yvela tipis monacemis/informaciis Segrovebisa

da Senaxvis efeqturi procedura; aRniSnul skolebs gaaCniaT realuri modeli,

romelic SeiZleba sxva skolebmac gamoiyenon;

• skolis marTvisa da moswavleTa akademiuri moswrebis sakiTxebis

Sesaxeb mSoblebisa da maswavleblebisaTvis informaciis miwodebis procedura

gamartivebulia, magram zogierTi mniSvnelovani monacemi da informacia advilad

xelmisawvdomi ar aris;

• maswavleblebi, romlebic sameurveo sabWos wevrebi ar arian, cudad arian

informirebulebi skolis marTvisa da biujetis Sedgenis Sesaxeb;

• skolebis umetesobaSi direqtorebi da administratorebi adgenen biujetis

gegmas, xolo sameurveo sabWoebi mxolod amtkiceben mas. magram zogierT skolaSi

arsebobs saWiroebaTa Sefasebis, prioritetebis gamoyofisa da biujetis dagegmvis

Zalian efeqturi da kvalificiuri procedurebi, romlebic SeiZleba modelis saxiT

sxva skolebma gamoiyenon.

• skolis direqtorebs, administraciul TanamSromlebsa da sameurveo sabWos

wevrebs aucileblad sWirdebaT dawvrilebiTi axsna-ganmartebebi da miTiTebebi maTi

pasuxismgeblobebisa da uflebamosilebebis Sesaxeb;

• skolis direqtorebsa da administracias esaWiroeba intensiuri swavleba

specialuri codnis misaRebad zogierT kritikul sferosTan dakavSirebiT,

rogoricaa finansuri angariSgeba, monacemebis Segroveba da damuSaveba;

• ramdenadac sameurveo sabWoebi axlad dawesebul organoebs warmoadgenen, maT

sakmarisi organizaciuli SesaZlebloba ar gaaCniaT imisaTvis, rom kvalificiurad

dagegmon TavianTi saqmianoba (mag., amocanebis ganawileba qve-komitetebs Soris);

• qalaqis skolebi (administracia, iseve rogorc sameurveo sabWoebi) (da


savaraudod maRalmTiani regionis skolebi) ufro met aqtiurobas da survils

amJRavneben avtonomiuri marTvis upiratesobebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT;

• saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi skolebs ukeTesad exmarebian vidre Zveli

raionuli sammarTveloebi;

• saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs uamravi amocana ekisrebaT da maTi fizikuri

da SromiTi resursebi yvela amocanis warmatebiT SesrulebisaTvis sakmarisi ar

aris;

• arsebobs ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebsa da skolebs Soris komunikaciis problema.

4.2 vauCeruli dafinanseba da skolis finansuri mdgomareoba

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis vauCeruli dafinanseba dawesda skolebisaTvis

Tanxebis gamoyofis procesis meti gamWvirvalobisa da keTilsindisierebis, aseve

Tanxebis efeqtianad xarjvis uzrunvelyofis mizniT. vauCeruli dafinanseba aseve

uzrunvelyofs skolebis finansuri mdgomareobis maT moculobasa da tipTan

Sesabamisobas. winamdebare punqtSi aRwerilia vauCeruli dafinansebis moqniloba

da efeqtianoba, gaanalizebulia, ramdenad sakmarisia skolis biujeti skolis

saWiroebebisa da materialuri mdgradobis SenarCunebis xarjebis dasafarad. garda

amisa, mocemul punqtSi aRwerilia zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis finansuri

mdgomareoba maTi adgilmdebareobisa da moculobis gaTvaliswinebiT; aseve

warmodgenilia dainteresebuli mxareebis mier gamoyofili problemebi da sferoebi,

romelTa gaumjobesebac aucilebelia.

vauCeruli dafinanseba sakmaod moqnil procedurad aris miCneuli SedarebiT did

skolebSi, sadac garda TanamSromelTa xelfasebisa, arsebobs damatebiTi saxsrebic.

magram patara skolebSi, aseT dafinansebas moqnilad ver gamoviyenebT, radgan aq

TiTqmis mTeli biujeti mxolod xelfasebze ixarjeba. skolis direqtorTa 78%-s

miaCnia, rom vauCeruli dafinanseba sakmaod moqnili proceduraa. direqtorTa is

nawili, romelic ase ar fiqrobs, wuxs imaze, rom moswavleebis mcire raodenobis

gamo maT mier miRebuli dafinanseba arasakmarisia.

cxrili 4.13: direqtorTa midgoma vauCeruli dafinansebis moqnilobis sakiTxisadmi

skolis tipi moqnilia ar aris moqnili xi-kvadratis cvladi albaToba

skola mcire subsidias iRebs 46 55

31.39 0.000skola mcire subsidias ar iRebs 94 6

TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi (96%), skolebi vauCerul dafinansebas iReben srulad,

yovelgvari dakavebis gareSe. isini maswavleblebsac droulad uxdian xelfasebs.

es mniSvnelovani cvlilebaa reformamdel periodTan SedarebiT da reformebis

finansuri aspeqtis umTavres warmatebas warmoadgens.

amJamad skolebs SeuZliaT ufro meti Tanxa daxarjon skolis momsaxurebaze.

skolebis mier gaxarjuli kapitaluri xarjebis raodenoba bolo sami wlis

ganmavlobaSi gaizarda. gaumjobeseba gansakuTrebiT aSkaraa soflebisa da

mTiani regionebis skolebSi. magram umetes SemTxvevebSi skolis biujeti mainc

ar aris sakmarisi skolis saremonto xarjebis dasafarad. saremonto qalaqisa

da maRalmTiani regionis skolebTan SedarebiT, soflis skolebs ufro awuxebs


biujetis simcire. skolebs mxolod mcire saremonto samuSaoebisaTvis SeuZliaT

Tanxis gamoyofa, magram kapitaluri remontisaTvis, rogorc wesi, isini iakob

gogebaSvilis programaze arian damokidebuli. saremonto samuSaoebisaTvis rezervis

TvalsazrisiT, maRalmTian regionebSi saxsrebis simciris mwvave problema dgas (ix.

qvemoT mocemuli cxrili).

cxrili 4.14: ramdeni skolis mimdinare fizikuri momsaxurebis xarjebi ifareba skolis biujetiT

(%-Si)

respondetis

kategoria

ifareba

yvela

saWioeba

ifareba

saWiroebaTa

umetesoba

ifareba

saWiroebaTa

daaxloebiT

naxevari

ifareba

saWiroebaTa

mcire

nawili

saWiroebebi

saerTod

ar ifareba

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 34 33 0 18 15

16.0493 0.1980soflis skola 16 8 6 42 28

mTiani reg. skola 31 40 0 25 5

raodenoba = 66

cxrili 4.15: aqvs Tu ara Tqvens skolas sakmarisi saxsrebi (maT Soris vauCeruli dafinanseba,

mcire saskolo subsidiebi, adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis dafinanseba, mSoblebis/sazogadoebis

Semowiruloba, iakob gogebaSvilis programa, sponsorebi) imisaTvis, rom daakmayofilos skolis

saremonto saWiroebebi? (%-Si)

respondetis

kategoria

yvela

saWiroebas

akmayofilebs

saWiroebaTa

umetesobas

saWiroebaTa

daaxloebiT

naxevars

saWiroebaTa

mcire

nawils

aranair

saWiroebas

xi-

kvadratis

cvladi

albaToba

qalaqis skola 26 13 23 21 17

18.4879 0.1602soflis skola 9 8 6 43 34

mTiani reg. skola 6 2 0 49 44

raodenoba = 81

mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis (skolebi, romlebic mcire saskolo subsidiebs

iReben) dafinanseba sakmarisi ar aris. maTi finansuri mdgomareoba garkveulwilad

gaumjobesda, Tumca arc ise mniSvnelovanad.

vauCeruli dafinansebis sami sxvadasxva donis SemoRebam (qalaqis, soflisa da

maRalmTiani skolebisaTvis) dadebiTi Sedegebi aCvena, ramdenadac arasaxelfaso

xarjebis koeficienti mniSvnelovanwilad gaumjobesda soflisa da maRalmTiani

regionebis skolebSi. skolebisa da mTiani regionebis skolebis finansuri

mdgomareoba reformamdel periodTan SedarebiT ufro metad miuaxlovda qalaqis

skolebis finansur mdgomareobas, miuxedavad imisa, rom qalaqis skolebi saSualod

jer kidev ukeTes ara-saxelfaso xarjebis koeficients inarCunebs.

ara-saxelfaso xarjebis koeficientebis Seusabamoba skolebis moculobis mixedviT

(romelic moswavleebis raodenobis Sesabamisad ganisazRvreba: mcirekontigentiani

skola = 100 moswavleze naklebi, saSualo zomis skola = 101 - 750 moswavle,

maRalkontigentiani skola = 750-ze meti moswavle) aseve mniSvnelovanwilad Semcirda.

miuxedavad amisa, did skolebs mainc arasaxelfaso xarjebis ufro maRali resursi


gaaCniaT, vidre patara da saSualo zomis skolebs. amave dros mniSvnelovani sxvaoba

rCeba mcirekontigentin da saSualo zomis skolebs Sorisac.

cxrili 4.16: ara-saxelfaso/saxelfaso xarjebis (saSualo) koeficienti skolebis geografiuli

tipis mixedviT

respondetis kategoria 2005 2006 2007

qalaqis skola 23.7 23.4 19.2

soflis skola 2.4 6.3 10.8

mTiani reg. skola 2.7 3.3 10.5

cxrili 4.17: ara-saxelfaso/saxelfaso xarjebis (saSualo) koeficienti skolebis zomis

mixedviT


patara (100 moswavleze naklebi) 2.4 3.7 6.3

saSualo (101-750 moswavleze naklebi) 5.3 8.4 12.6

didi (750 moswavleze meti) 38.1 34.8 29.2

skolebi srulad ar iyeneben SesaZleblobas, ganacxadi gaakeTon vauCeruli

dafinansebis garda sxva Semosavlebis mosapoveblad. mdgomareoba soflisa da

maRalmTiani regionis skolebSi ufro uaresia, vidre qalaqis skolebSi.

cxrili 4.18: gaukeTebia Tu ara Tqvens skolas ganacxadi gamoyofili saxsrebis garda sxva

saxsrebis moTxovniT bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi?

respondetis kategoria diax (%) Ti-testis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 62

10.7924 0.0078soflis skola 41

mTiani reg. skola 16

raodenoba = 91

rogorc kvlevam aCvena, vauCeruli dafinansebis sistema warmatebulia skolebs

Soris konkurenciis xelSewyobis TvalsazrisiT, rac skolebs stimuls aZlevs

ukeTesi saganmanaTleblo momsaxureba SemogvTavazon (ukeTesi programebi, meti

proeqti, ukeTesi swavleba). yvela sistemas aqvs uaryofiTi mxareebi – gamonaklisi

arc vauCeruli dafinansebaa. Sefasebis dros dadgenil uaryofiT mxareTa Soris

erT-erTia zogierTi skolisTvis moswavleebisa da dafinansebis dakargvis

safrTxe. Tu erT-erT skolaSi konkuretunariani garemoa Seqmnili ukeTesi Senobis,

saswavlo programebisa da swavlebis praqtikis xarjze, misi mezobeli naklebad

konkuretunariani skola aSkarad kargavs moswavleebs da Sedegad Tanxasac, romelsac

vauCeruli dafinansebiT iRebs. Sesabamisad, aRniSnul skolas uWirs maswavlebelTa

minimaluri xelfasis gadaxda da skolis ganviTarebisaTvis Zalian mcire finansuri

resursi rCeba. Sedegad, erTgvari mankieri wre ikvreba. vauCeruli dafinanseba xels


uwyobs konkurencias, magram meore mxriv, aRar arsebobs usafrTxo qselis meqanizmi

naklebad sasurveli skolebisaTvis, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebma xeli unda Seuwyon programis ganviTarebas. meore sakiTxi, romelic

Sefasebis jgufma aRniSna, aris is, rom mSoblebi xSirad TavianT uflebebs aWarbeben

da cdiloben gavlena moaxdinon skolis gadawyvetilebebis miRebaze TavianT

sasargeblod. isini moiTxoven Svilebis ama Tu im momsaxurebiT uzrunvelyofas,

xolo winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Svilebis skolidan gayvaniT imuqrebian. aseTi moTxovna,

cxadia, miuRebelia.

4.2.1 vauCeruli dafinanseba da skolebis finansuri mdgomareoba. daskvnebi

• vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis SemoRebam dadebiTi gavlena moaxdina

skolebis finansur mdgomareobaze;

• vauCeruli dafinanseba zogadi ganaTlebis dafinansebis zrdasTan erTad

iqna miRebuli. amdenad, rTulia am sistemis Sedegebis ganyenebulad Sefaseba;

• skolebi daubrkoleblad iReben dafinansebas da xelfasebic dayovnebis

gareSe gaicema;

• Zvel sistemasTan SedarebiT, skolebs axla ukve aqvT SesaZlebloba ufro

meti arasaxelfaso xarjebi gaiRon: vTqvaT, saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebisa da

skolis saremonto samuSaoebisTvis;

• skolebis umetesoba maswavlebelebs wamaxalisebel premiebs an minimalur

xelfasze mets aZlevs;

• qalaqis, soflis, maRalmTiani regionebisa da sxavadasxva zomis skolebis

saxelfaso/arasaxelfaso xarjebis koeficientiebi ufro dauaxlovda erTmaneTs.

miuxedavad amisa, sxvaoba jer kidev mniSvnelovania;

• mcirekontigentiani skolebi, romlebic mcire saskolo subsidiebs iReben, erT

sulze miRebul dafinansebas umetes SemTxvevaSi kvlav TanamSromlebis xelfasebze

xarjaven. maTi finansuri mdgomareoba sxva danarCeni skolebisgan gansxvavebiT ar

gaumjobesebula;

• soflisa da mTiani regionebis skolebi naklebad gamocdilni arian gare

wyaroebidan saxsrebis miRebis saqmeSi;

4.3 maswavleblebis axali anazRaurebis sqemis efeqturoba

maswavleblebi didi xnis ganmavlobaSi iRebdnen mwir xelfass, rasac Tan axlda

anazRaurebis miRebis xSiri da gaWianurebuli dayovneba. reformis farglebSi

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saminitrom warmoadgina yoveli maswavleblisaTvis

minimaluri anazRaurebis gamoTvlis axali formula, saqarTveloSi maswavlebelTa

xelfasebis zogadi donis gazrdis da kvalificiuri da kompetenturi maswavleblebis

SenarCunebis mizniT. Sefasebis jgufisaTvis miwodebuli informaciis mixedviT

minimaluri saxelfaso donis gansazRvris mizniT niSnulad gamoyenebul iqna sajaro

moxeleTa minimaluri xelfasi - TveSi 115 lari. magram minimalur zRvars zemoT

maswavlebelTa xelfasebi mTlianad skolis finansur mdgomareobaze da marTvis

politikazea damokidebuli da imis mixedviT ganisazRvreba, Tu ra Tanxis damateba

SeuZlia skolas yoveli maswavleblis minimalur xelfasze. Sedegad, maswavlebelTa

xelfasebis realuri raodenoba sxvadasxva skolaSi sxvadasxvaa. saerTo jamSi,

reformis Sedegad, maswavleblis xelfasis done saSualod gaormagda. rogorc

ukve aRvniSneT, maswavlebelTa anazRaurebis gadaxda sagrZnoblad gaumjobesda


vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis SemoRebis Sedegad. winamdebare punqtSi ganxilulia

maswavlebelTa mosazrebebi da kmayofileba axal saxelfaso donesTan dakavSirebiT.

aseve warmodgenilia SedarebiTi analizi skolebis geografiuli tipis mixedviT,

wamaxalisebeli sqemebis SemoRebis sakiTxi, maswavlebelTa damatebiTi samuSaos

mimoxilva da bolo wlebSi maswavlebelTa raodenobis zrdis tendencia.

4.3.1 maswavlebelTa mosazrebebi anazRaurebis axal sistemasTan dakavSirebiT

maswavlebelTa xelfasebi saSualod gaormagda bolodroindeli reformebis

Sedegad da anazRaurebis gacemac yovelgvari dayovnebis gareSe xdeba. magram rogorc

kvlevam aCvena, maswavlebelTa umetesoba kvlavac ukmayofiloa sakuTari xelfasis

odenobiT. isini miiCneven, rom maTi xelfasis done sxva sajaro moxeleebTan SedarebiT

arasaxarbieloa. rogorc maswavleblebi aRniSnaven, rom maTTvis metwilad gasagebia

xelfasis gamoTvlis axali formula, Tumca, rogorc Cans, xSirad maT kargad ar

esmiT am formulis principi. .

gasaubrebisas direqtorebma aRniSnes, rom xelfasis gamoTvlis axali

formulis erT-erTi naklovaneba isaa, rom igi mxolod maswavleblis ganaTlebas

da profesiul gamocdilebas iTvaliswinebs da ara swavlebisa da klasis marTvis

unars. amdenad, 2008 wlisaTvis dagegmil maswavlebelTa testirebis SedegebSi

gaTvaliswinebul unda iyos maswavlebelTa anazRaurebis sqema. kidev erTi problema,

romelsac maswavleblebi xazs usvamen, aris maswavleblisaTvis micemuli klasis

moculobis safuZvelze potenciuri konfliqti maswavleblebsa da direqtorebs

Soris: maswavleblebs survili aqvT naklebi moswavle hyavdeT klasSi, ramdenadac

amJamindeli angariSsworebis sqemis mixedviT es dadebiT rols asrulebs xelfasis

gamoTvlis dros, radgan klasis raodenobrivi simcire ufro maRal koeficientTan

aris dakavSirebuli da piriqiT. direqtorebs surT maswavleblebma ufro didi

moculobis klasebi miiRon, raTa gaaumjobeson SromiTi resursis kvalificiuroba

TavianT skolebSi. maswavlebelebi aRniSnaven, rom maT ar moswonT formula, romlis

mixedviTac didi klasebis maswavlebelma ufro naklebi anazRaureba unda miiRon,

vidre mcire klasebis maswavlebelma. zogierT SemTxvevaSi mSoblebs surT maTi

Svili iseT klasSi iyos, romelsac metad kvalificiuri maswavlebeli aswavlis. am

yvelafers gamouval mdgomareobamde mivyavarT. gamodis, rom maRalkvalificiuri

maswavlebeli, romelsac ufro meti moswavle hyavs, nakleb anazRaurebas iRebs.

4.3.2 maswavlebelTa saxelfaso donis Sedareba sxvadasxva

tipis skolebs Soris, reformamde da reformis Semdeg

maswavlebelTa xelfasebs Soris sxvaoba (saSualo wliuri xelfasi erT

maswavlebelze da saSualo wliuri xelfasi erT akademiur saaTze) qalaqis, soflisa

da maRalmTiani raionis skolebs Soris mniSvnelovanwilad Semcirda. maswavleblis

xelfasis done mTels qveyanaSi msgavsia. kidev ufro metic, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT

cxovrebis sxvadasxva xarjebs aRniSnuli geografiuli mdebareobebis mixedviT,

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom soflis skolebSi maswavleblebs ukeTesi mdgomareoba aqvT, rac

programis erT-erTi mizania. bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi xelfasis absoluturi

raodenoba erT maswavlebelze da erT akademiur saaTze mniSvnelovanwilad gaizarda

yvela kategoriis skolaSi. xelfasebis zrda gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania soflisa

da mTiani raionis skolebSi 2006 - 2007 wlebs Soris, rac vauCeruli gamoTvlis axali


formulis warmodgenas emTxveva. am formulam xeli Suwyo soflis da maRalmTiani

raionis skolebis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas.

cxrili 4.19: maswavleblis saSualo wliuri xelfasi erT maswavlebelze bolo 3 wlis

ganmavlobaSi


qalaqis skola 1210 1248 1476


mTiani reg. skola 1030 1124 1512

cxrili 4.20: maswavleblis saSualo wliuri xelfasi kviraSi erT samuSao saaTze saaTze bolo

3 wlis ganmavlobaSi


qalaqis skola 88 89 117


mTiani reg. skola 74 89 111

4.3.3 waxalisebis sqema

saerTo Sefasebis Sedegad dadginda, rom skolebis daaxloebiT erTi mesamedi

(37%) maswavleblebs wamaxalisebel premiebs sTavazobs. magram wamaxalisebeli

premiebis gamoyenebis praqtika sxvadasxva skolaSi sxvadasxvaa skolebis geografiuli

mdebareobis mixedviT. soflis skolebSi premiebis sistema ufro naklebad gvxvdeba,

vidre qalaqis skolebSi (ix. qvemoT mocemuli cxrili). arc erTi skolas, romelic

mcire saskolo subsidiebs iRebs, ar SeuZlia misces maswavleblebs wamaxalisebeli

premia. zogierT skolas gaaCnia maswavleblebis klasifikaciis sakuTari kriteriumebi,

romelsac wamaxalisebeli premiis gamoTvlisaTvis iyenebs. direqtorebis umetesoba

(68%) aRiarebs, rom wamaxalisebeli premia efeqturad uzrunvelyofs maswavlebelTa

motivacias.

cxrili 4.21: aZlevs Tu ara Tqveni skola maswavleblebs wamaxalisebel premias?

respondentis kategoria diax xi-kvadratis cvladi albaToba

qalaqis skola 46%3.6862 0.0341

soflis skola 26%

mTiano raionis skola 47% - -

4.3.4 maswavlebelTa Semosavlis damatebiTi wyaro da repetitoroba

maswavleblis xelfasi xSirad sakmarisi ar aris sacxovrebeli xarjebis

dasafarad. kvlevis jgufTan gasaubrebisas maswavleblebma aRniSnes, rom garda

skolaSi muSaobisa, damatebiT sxvaganac muSaobdnen. magram direqtorTa gamokiTxvis


monacemebis mixedviT skolebis umetesobaSi maswavleblebis 25%-ze naklebs aqvs

damatebiTi samuSao xelfasiT miRebuli Semosavlis Sesavsebad. garda amisa, arsebobs

sakuTari klasis moswavleebis kerZo mecadineobis praqtika, rac konfliqtis

potenciuri mizezia. Tumca, es praqtika arc Tu ise masStaburia. direqtorTa 20%-

ze mets ar aRuniSnavs, rom maswavleblebis mier moswavleebis kerZod mecadineobis

praqtika xSiri an Zalian xSiria. zemoTaRniSnuli Sedegi mudmivad aris miTiTebuli

saswavlo programebis angariSSi. magram, Sefasebis jgufma ver SeZlo jvaredini

gamokiTxva Caetarebina moswvleebis gamokiTxvis gziT.

4.3.5 maswavlebelTa kadrebis gadinebis tendencia

axali anazRaurebis sqemas TiTqmis araviTari gavlena ar hqonda maswavlebelTa

kadrebis gadinebis koeficientze. direqtorTa mosazrebiT, maswavlebelTa kadrebis

gadinebis koeficienti TiTqmis ucvleli darCa. Tumca, rogorc kvleva gviCvenebs,

wlebis ganmavlobaSi odnavi kleba aRiniSna (saSualod 6.7% 2005 wels, 4.5% 2006 wels

da 4.1% 2007 wels). magram maswavleblis profesiis mitovebis umTavres mizezad

umetesad xelfasi ar saxeldeba. yvelaze xSirad maswavleblis kadrebis gadinebis

mizezebi, direqtorebis TqmiT, moicavs Semdeg faqtorebs: ojaxuri problema (21%),

pensiaSi gasvla (25%) da sxva samsaxurSi gadasvla (19%), maSin, rodesac direqtorTa

mxolod 7%-ma aRniSna, rom maswavleblis mier skolis datovebis mizezi xelfasi

iyo.

4.3.6 maswavleblis axali anazRaurebis sqemis efeqturoba. daskvnebi

• maswavleblis minimaluri xelfasis done mniSvnelovnad gaizarda anazRaurebis

axali sqemis dawesebis paralelurad. amdenad, Znelia maswavleblis anazRaurebis

gaumjobeseba axali anazRaurebis sqemis sistemas mivaweroT;

• qalaqisa da soflis skolebis maswavleblebi fiqroben, rom sxva

saxelmwifo seqtorebTan SedarebiT, maTi anazRaurebis done jer kidev dabali da

aradamakmayofilebelia;

• ara erTi skola aZlevs maswavleblebs wamaxalisebel premias da damatebiT

anazRaurebas Sesrulebuli samuSaos (klasis xelmZRvaneli, sagnobrivi jgufis

xelmZRvaneli) da kvalifikaciis gaTvaliswinebiT;

• miuxedavad dabali saxelfaso ganakveTisa, maswavleblebis kadrebis gadinebis

koeficienti Zalian dabalia;

• zogierT maswavlebels damatebiTi SemosavlisaTvis sxva samuSaos Sesrulebac

uwevs, magram aseTi praqtika xSiri ar aris;

• maswavlebelTa xelfasebis diferenciacia klasis moculobis mixedviT

anazRaurebis axali sistemis is principia, romelsac yvelaze xSirad akritikeben.

4.4 skolebis optimizacia

bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi skolebis optimizacia/konsolidacia ganxorcielda

fizikuri, SromiTi da finansuri resursebis gaumjobesebis mizniT, qveyanaSi

moswavleTa kontingentis Semcirebis fonze. Sefasebis jgufma daadgina, rom

optimizacia xorcieldeba ara marto patara da did skolebs Soris, aramed did

skolebs Sorisac. skolebis mdgomareoba konsolidaciamde da gaerTianebis

meTodebi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba optimizaciis individualur SemTxvevebSi


da optimizaciasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetileba upirvelesad optimizaciis

komitetTan sakiTxis ganxilvis gziT miiReba. miTiTebebi, romelze dayrdnobiTac

Sesabamisi komiteti sakiTxs ganixilavs, moicavs mxolod skolis konsolidaciis

sasargeblo da sawinaaRmdego zogad kriteriumebs, amitom konsolidaciis yoveli

SemTxveva individualurad ganixileboda. Sefasebis jgufma gamoarkvia, rom skolis

optimizaciis politika ar efuZneba warmatebis konkretul kriteriumebs da

amocanebs.

winamdebare punqtSi ganxilulia konsolidaciis gavlena SromiTi, fizikuri

da finansuri resursebis marTvaze, aseve moswavleebis akademiur aqtivobaze; aqve

warmodgenilia optimizaciis sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da direqtorTa

mosazrebebi konsolidaciis Sesaxeb.

4.4.1 SromiTi, fizikuri da finansuri

resursebis konsolidaciis gavlena

bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloSi or etapad ganxorcielebuli

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis srulmasStabiani optimizaciis ZiriTadi mizani

iyo SromiTi, fizikuri da finansuri resursebis efeqturi gamoyenebis gazrda.

winamdebare punqtSi ganxilulia, Tu ramdenad dadebiTi gavlena iqonia am

elementebze skolebis konsolidaciam.

konsolidirebul skolebSi koeficienti - moswavle/maswavlebeli da koeficienti

- moswavle/ara-maswavlebeli TanamSromlebi ufro maRalia vidre arakonsolidirebul

skolebSi. konsolidaciis Sedegad cvlilebebi ar ganicada moswavle/maswavlebeli

koeficientma, magram garkveulwilad gaumjobesda koeficienti moswavle/

aramaswavlebeli TanamSromlebi. konsolidaciis tipebSi ufro gavrcelebulia

administraciuli konsolidacia da ara fizikuri konsolidacia. konsolidaciis

dros ganxorcielda skolebis aramaswavlebeli TanamSromlebis garkveuli

restruqturizacia, romelmac skolis xarjebis mcire danawevreba ganapiroba. meores

mxriv, maswavleblebis restruqturizacias sakmaod iSviaTia. konsolidirebul

skolebSi, direqtorebis azriT, skolis marTvisaTvis ufro efeqturi iqneboda

konsolidaciis dros gaerTianebuli skolebis maswavleblebis gaTavisufleba

skolebidan, gansakuTrebiT ki imitom, rom realurad yvela moswavle ar gadmodis

Semadgeneli skolebidan. magram maswavleblebis gaTavisufleba Zalian delikaturi

sakiTxia da direqtorebs amis gakeTeba ar surT. zogierT SemTxvevaSi direqtorebi

darwmunebulni ar arian, SeuZliaT Tu ara maswavleblebis gaTavisufleba. aseve

ar ician, unda miiRon Tu ara konsolidaciis dros SemoerTebuli skolebis yvela

maswavlebeli.

akademiuri saaTebis saSulo raodenoba 2007 wels TiTqmis igivea konsolidirebul

da arakonsolidirebul skolebSi. saaTebis raodenoba zogadad odnav Semcirda

orive saxis skolaSi.

konsolidaciam garkveulwilad gaaumjobesa SromiTi resursebis marTva, magram

arcTu ise mniSvnelovanad, radgan konsolidaciis Semdeg saswavlo personalis

restruqturizacia ar momxdara.


cxrili 4.22: koeficienti moswavle/maswavlebeli

skolis tipi 2005albaToba

(Ti-testi)2006

albaToba

(Ti-testi)2007

albaToba

(Ti-testi)

konsolidirebuli 90.308

7.90.417

7.60.403

ara-konsolidirebuli 8.1 7.2 7.0

cxrili 4.2.3: koeficienti moswavle/aramaswavlebeli


(Ti-testi)2006

albaToba

(Ti-testi)2007

albaToba

(Ti-testi)

konsolidirebuli 73.10.332

79.10.204

89.20.153


cxrili 4.2.4: akademiuri saaTebis saSualo raodenoba


(Ti-testi)2006

albaToba

(Ti-testi)2007

albaToba

(Ti-testi)


12.10.007

13.00.684


2005-2007 wlebs Soris mniSvnelovani gaumjobeseba ar aRiniSneba moswavle/

’saklaso oTaxi koeficientis TvalsazrisiT. maCvenebeli konsolidirebul

skolebSi ar gazrdila da TiTqmis ucvleli darCa 2005 da 2007 wlebs Soris, magram

arakonsolidirebul skolebSi aRniSnuli koeficienti Semcirda imave periodis

ganmavlobaSi, ramac mniSvnelovani gaxada gansxvaveba arakonsolidirebul da

kosolidirebul skolebs Soris.

skolebisaTvis fizikuri saswavlo aRWurvilobis gamoyofasTan dakavSirebiT

mdgomareoba odnav gaumjobesda. direqtorebis TiTqmis 40% acxadebs rom

fizikuri resursebis marTva konsolidaciis Sedegad gaumjobesda. koeficienti

merxi/moswavle (merxebis raodenoba erT moswavleze) 2007 wels konsolidirebul

skolebSi ufro dabalia vidre ara-konsolidirebul skolebSi. konsolidirebuli

skolebis direqtorebis 72% acxadebs, rom maT biblioTekebSi konsolidaciis

Sedegad wignebis raodenoba gaizarda. magram direqtorebis mxolod 8%-ma

ganacxada, rom laboratoriuli aRWurvilobis raodenoba gaizarda, xolo 19%-

is TqmiT, maT konsolidaciis Semdeg ufro meti sportuli aRWurviloba aqvT

skolebSi.

cxrili 4.25: moswavle/saklaso oTaxi saSualo koeficienti


(Ti-testi)2007

albaToba

(Ti-testi)


19.30.087

arakonsolidirebuli 15.6 13.6


konsolidirebul skolebSi finansuri mdgomareoba TiTqmis arakonsolidirebuli

skolebis gaumjobesebis donis Tanasworad umjobesdeba. naxevarze met SemTxvevaSi

direqtorebi acxadeben, rom finansuri resursebis efeqturoba konsolidaciis

Sedegad gaumjobesda. magram arsebobs ramdenime SemTxva, rodesac finansuri

mdgomareoba gauaresda.

4.4.2 konsolidaciis gavlena moswavleebis swavlaze,

saswavlo SesaZleblobebsa da registraciaze

sagnobrivi kvalifikaciis mixedviT maswavleblebis daniSvnis principi ar

Secvlila. im maswavlebelTa raodenoba, romlebic aswavlian sagans maSin, rodesac

specialuri kvalifikacia ar gaaCniaT, konsolidaciamde da mis Semdeg ucvleli

rCeba.

skolis direqtorebi darwmunebulni arian, rom konsolidaciis Sedegad miRebuli

klasebis sidide uaryofiTad ar moqmedebs moswavleebis aqtivobaze. isini aRniSnaven,

rom moswavleebis aqtivobaze konsolidaciis uaryofiTi gavlena gansakuTrebiT did

da saSualo zomis skolebze aisaxa. TiTqmis yvela amgvari skolis direqtors miaCnia,

rom klasis sidide uaryofiT gavlenas axdens moswavleTa akademiur aqtivobaze.

amave dros, mcirekontigentiani skolebis direqtorebi acxadeben, rom konsolidacias

maTze aseTi uaryofiTi gavlena ar hqonia.

rac Seexeba saganmanaTleblo programebs skolaSi, konsolidirebuli skolebis

direqtorTa 54% aRniSnavs, rom konsolidaciis Semdeg maT damatebiTi klasgareSe

aqtivobebi warmoadgines. direqtorTa 46%-is mosazrebiT cvlileba saerTod ar

momxdara. konsolidaciam dadebiTi gavlena iqonia moswavleebisaTvis arasaprogramo

RonisZiebebis uzrunvelyofaze.

cxrili 4.26: konsolidaciis Sedegad miRebuli didi zomis klasebis gavlena moswavleebis

akademiur aqtiobaze, skolebis sididis mixedviT


Zalian

uaryofiTi

gavlena

uaryofiTiaranairi

gavlena

dadebiTi

gavlena

Zalian

dadebiTi

patara skola (100-ze naklebi

moswavle)0 0 90.2 0 9.7

saSualo zomis skola (101 - 750

mosawavle)15.7 74.6 2.5 0 7

didi skola (750-ze meti

mosawavle)45.6 54.3 0 0 0


cxrili 4.27: konsolidaciis Sedegad miRebuli didi zomis klasebis gavlena moswavleebis

akademiur aqtiobaze, skolebis geografiuli mdebareobis mixedviT


Zalian

uaryofiTi

gavlena

uaryofiTiaranairi

gavlena

dadebiTi

gavlena

Zalian

dadebiTi

qalaqis skola 20.8 79.1 0 0 0

soflis skola 18.3 47.9 16.8 0 16.8

mTiano raionis skola 6.9 30.1 56.0 0 6.9

konsolidirebul skolebs aseve ufro meti problema aqvT moswavleTa

daswrebasTan dakavSirebiT, rac transportirebis sirTuleebiT aris gamowveuli.

skolebis geografiuli tipebis mixedviT Sedarebis dros sxvaoba amasTan dakavSirebiT

ar dafiqsirebula. konsolidirebuli skolebi, romelsac saskolo avtobusebi

ar emsaxurebian, aRniSnaven, rom moswavleTa daswreba maTTan ufro problemuria,

vidre arakonsolidirebul skolebSi, romlebsac saskolo avtobusebi ar hyavT da

konsolidirebul skolebSi, romelTac saskolo avtobusebi hyavT.

cxrili 4.28: arian Tu ara skolaSi moswavleebi, romlebsac daswrebis dabali maCvenebeli aqvT

transportirebis sirTulis gamo?

respondentis kategoria diax araxi-kvadratis

cvladialbaToba

konsolidirebuli 38.9 61.14.7837 0.0831

arakonsolidirebuli 15.7 84.3




cvladialbaToba

konsolidirebuli skola avtobusis

gareSe46.2 53.8

5.5440 0.0964arakonsolidirebuli skola avtobusis

gareSe16.0 84.0




cvladialbaToba

konsolidirebuli skola avtobusiT 21.7 78.3

* *

konsolidirebuli skola avtobusis gareSe 46.2 53.8


skolebi aRniSnaven, rom konsolidaciam uaryofiTad ar imoqmeda skolasa da

mSoblebs Soris TanamSromlobaze. konsolidirebuli skolebis arc erT direqtors

ar ganucxadebia, rom konsolidaciis Semdeg saskolo saqmeebSi mSoblebis

monawileoba Semcirda.

4.4.3 mxareTa mier dasaxelebuli ZiriTadi problemebi

Sefasebis jgufis mier konsolidaciasTan dakavSirebiT dasaxelebuli ZiriTadi

problema isaa, rom ar arsebobs konkretulad dasaxuli miznebi da amocanebi. erTis

mxriv, aSkaraa, rom procesis mizania fizikuri, SromiTi da finansuri resursebis

gazrda, meores mxriv ki, ar arsebobs kriteriumebi iseTi parametrebisaTvis,

rogoric aris: skolis sidide, moswavle/aramaswavleblis koeficienti, klasis zoma,

skolebis saerTo raodenoba. miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebobs araerTi faqtori,

romelic konsolidaciasTan dakavSirebul gadawyvetilebebze axdens gavlenas

da gansakuTebuli geografiuli mdebareobisa da qveynis reliefis gamo yoveli

SemTxveva individualuri da unikaluria, mainc unda arsebobdes progresisa da

warmatebis gansasazRvrad dawesebuli maCveneblebi.

konsolidirebuli skolebi sxvadasxva problemas awydebian. administraciuli

konsolidaciis SemTxvevaSi, zogierTi skola acxadebs, rom problemebi aqvs maT

skolasTan SemoerTebuli ufro mcire skolebisaTvis skolis movlis xarjebis

dafinansebasTan dakavSirebiT (dasufTavebis, dacvis da a.S. xarjebi). administraciuli

konsolidaciis zogierT SemTxvevaSi gaerTianebuli ori skola erTmaneTTan Zalian

Sors mdebareobs da es skolis marTvas arTulebs.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi konsolidirebuli skolebis direqtorebs problema

aqvT konsolidaciis meTodTan dakavSirebiT. umetesad skolebSi, sadac mxolod

adminisitraciuli konsolidacia moxda, fizikuri konsolidacia ukeTes alterna-

tivad miiCneva.

Sefasebis dros zogierTma mTavarma respondentma ganacxada, rom saSualo da

didi zomis skolebis konsolidacias, gansakuTrebiT ki qalaqebSi, SeiZleba Sedegad

mohyves zedmetad didi skolebis Seqmna. aseT SemTxvevaSi konsolidacias uaryofiTi

gavlena eqneba skolis marTvasa da moswavleTa aqtivobaze. saerTaSoriso kvleva

mxars uWers mosazrebas skolebis zedmetad didi zomis uaryofiTi gavlenis

Sesaxeb.

4.4.4 direqtorTa mosazrebebi optimizaciasTan dakavSirebiT

amJamad direqtorTa daaxloebiT 20% Tvlis, rom sxva skolebTan konsolidacia

maTi skolisaTvis sasargeblo iqneba SromiTi da finansuri resursebis efeqturi

gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT. maT Soris, vinc konsolidacias misi skolisaTvis

sasargeblo miiCnevs, daaxloebiT 40% konsolidaciaSi gasaerTianebel erTeulebSi

konkretul skolebs gulisxmobs. skolebis geografiuli mdebareobis gavlenis

TvalsazrisiT, qalaqebSi skolis direqtorebis daaxloebiT 30% fiqrobs, rom

konsolidacia sasargeblo iqneba maTi skolebisaTvis, maSin rodesac igive

mosazrebas soflis skolebis 10%-is direqtorebi afiqsireben (rac statistikurad

mniSvnelovani ar aris). ukve gaerTianebul skolebs Soris TiTqmis naxevari (45%),

rac mniSvnelovnad maRali proporciaa saerTo koeficientTan (20%) SedarebiT,

miiCnevs, rom Semdgomi konsolidacia sasargeblo iqneba maTi skolisaTvis. skolis

zomebis mixedviT sxvaoba ar dafiqsirebula.


vauCeruli dafinansebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Seswavlili konsolidirebuli

skolebis direqtorTa umetesoba (63%) miiCnevs, rom maTi skolis konsolidacia iyo

kargi gadawyvetileba. magram 23%-ma aRniSna, rom maTi skolebisaTvis konsolidacia

kargi gadawyvetileba ar iyo. direqtorebTan fokus-jgufebSi gamovlinda, rom

zogierT SemTxvevaSi, rodesac finansuri resursebis mqone skolis gaerTianeba moxda

iseT skolasTan, romelsac moswavleTa mcire da maswavlebelTa didi raodenoba

hyavs, saerTo finansuri mdgomareoba gauaresda. qalaqis skolebs konsolidacias

vauCerul dafinansebasTan mimarTebaSi ufro dadebiTad afaseben, vidre soflis

skolebSi. aseve, sxva skolebTan SedarebiT, ufro xSirad did skolebi Tvlian, rom

konsolidacia iyo kargi gadawyvetileba.

4.4.5 skolis optimizacia: daskvnebi

• Sefasebis dros dadginda, rom skolis optimizaciam gavlena ar moaxdina

mosawavle/maswavlebeli koeficientze;

• konsolidirebuli skolebis direqtorebi saswavlo samuSao Zalebis

restruqturizaciis winaaRmdegi arian, Tumca aRiareben, rom es kvalificiurobis

uzrunvelyofas Seuwyobs xels;

• koeficienti moswavle/ara-maswavlebeli TanamSromlebi garkveulwilad

gaumjobesda gaerTianebul skolebSi;

• konsolidaciam xeli ar Seuwyo moswavle/saklaso oTaxi koeficientis

gaumjobesebas, Tumca konsolidaciis wyalobiT ar moxda koeficientis gauareseba

sxva arakonsolidirebuli skolebis msgavsad;

• konsolodirebuli skolebis finansuri mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba

mniSvnelovnad ar gansxvavdeba gaumjobesebis zogadi tendenciisagan;

• konsolidaciam gamoiwvia moswavleTa daswrebis problemis gamwvaveba,

gansakuTrebiT ki im skolebSi, romelTac saskolo avtobusebi ar hyavT;

• direqtorebi garkveulwilad ukmayofilo arian konsolidaciis meTodiTa da

misi ganxorcielebis gadawyvetilebiT;

• mainc SedarebiT maRalia direqtorTa daintereseba konsolidaciiT;

• direqtorTa umetesoba aRiarebs, rom vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis qveS

maTi konsolidacia sasargeblo aRmoCnda finansuri efeqturobis TvalsazrisiT.


5. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

5.1. saswavlo garemo

5.1.1 maswavleblebis treningebi. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

5.1.1.1 maswavleblebis trenigebi skolis bazaze da swavleba axal saswavlo programasTan

dakavSirebiT

miRebuli Sedegebi gviCvenebs mniSvnelovan warmatebebs skolis bazaze

maswavlebelTa trenigebisa da axal saswavlo gegmasTan dakavSirebuli swavlebis

TvalsazrisiT, Tu ramdenad didia progresi sul ramdenime weliwadSi. kvlevis

Sedegad aseve dadginda, rom maswavlebelTa swavlebis reformis farglebSi kidev

bevri ram aris gasakeTebeli. magaliTad, maswavlebelTa ori mesamedi aRniSnavs, rom

axal meTodologiasTan dakavSirebiT maT esaWiroebaT treningebi, maswavleblebis

naxevari ki Tvlis, rom trenigebi, romelic maT gaiares aqtiuri swavlebis sferoSi,

sakmarisi araa.

aqtiur swavlebasTan dakavSirebiT damokidebuleba mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda.

miuxedavad amisa, maswavleblebi bolomde ar arian darwmunebulni, rom axali

meTodebi marTebulia da klasSi srulad SeZleben maT gamoyenebas. amdenad,

maswavleblebi TavianT saswavlo meTodebs cvlian, magram arasrulad da

arasaTanadod. amas ara marto Cveni kvlevebi, aramed gamokiTxulTa mier mowodebuli

informaciac adasturebs. Sefasebis jgufma aRmoaCina, rom im mokle periodSi,

rodesac gakveTilebze dakvirveba mimdinareobda, maswavlebelTa mosalodnelze

meti raodenoba iyenebda rogorc tradiciul (pasiur), aseve aratradiciul (aqtiur)

meTodebs. gakveTili TiTqmis yovelTvis agebulia tradiciuli didaqtikuri

organizebis principiT, rac aqtiur swavlebas minimumamde amcirebs. im SemTxvevaSi,

rodesac gakveTilebze dakvirveba ufro xangrZlivi droiT iyo SesaZlebeli, aRmoCnda,

rom maswavleblebi zogjer namdvilad iyeneben uaxles meTodebs. es aris sakiTxi,

romelic analogiurad viTardeba sxva qveynebSic, sadac aRniSnuli meTodebis

damkvidreba xdeba. es gasagebic aris, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT sirTules, romelic

modelebisa da didi mxardaWeris gareSe axali meTodebis konceptualizacias

axlavs.

Zveli tradiciebidan axal midgomaze gadasvla sirTuleebs warmoSobs analogiur

procesSi CarTul sxva qveynebis ganaTlebis sistemebSic. reformis mdgradoba

da waxaliseba unda exmarebodes gardamavali periodis daZlevas, magram aSkarad

arsebobs ufro mosaxerxebel trdiciul meTodebze mijaWulobis safrTxe.

aqtiuri swavlebis da Sefasebis meTodebis gamoyenebis mTavari dabrkolebebia:

maRalkontigentiani klasebi, gakveTilebis xangrZlivobis simcire, axal meTodebis

praqtikisTvis arasakmarisi dro maswavleblebisaTvis da skolis garemo, romelSic

maswavlebeli ver grZnobs direqtoris da kolegebis mxardaWeras. mcire sxvaobebi,

romelic gamovlinda skolebis tipebis mixedviT, miuTiTebs imaze, rom saWiroa

treningebis farTomasStabiani ganxorcieleba. soflis skolebSi treningebis garda

damatebiT RonisZiebebis gatarebac aris aucilebeli.

rogor gamoviyenoT aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi did klasebSi - es sakiTxi

gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria qalaqis skolebSi da zogierTi soflis skolaSic.

erT-erTi meTodi didi klasebis efeqturad marTvisaTvis aris naxevrad


avtonomiuri jgufebis Seqmna. amgvarad moswavleebs ufro meti pasuxismgebloba

daekisrebaT swavlaze, maT eqnebaT swavlis sakuTari tempi da stili. es xels

Seuwyobs klasisa da swavlebis ufro met efeqturobas. aucilebelia, Catardes

damatebiTi treningebi saCvenebeli mecadineobebis warmodgeniT. gakveTilebis mokle

xangrZlivobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mosagvareblad, erovnuli saswavlo

gegmis da Sefasebis centrma treningebis kursSi unda gaiTvalsiwinos sakiTxi,

rogor SeiZleba maswavlebelma moargos aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi gakveTilis

xangrZlivobas. meores mxriv, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saminitrom da skolebma unda

gaiTvaliswinon is meTodebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, gakveTilebis gaxangrZliveba.

kidev erTi sakiTxi, romelic erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centrma

momaval saswavlo kursebSi unda gaiTvaliswinos, Tu jer ar gauTvaliswinebia, aris

treningebis organizeba Temaze _ rogor aswavlos maswavlebelma sxvadasxva donis

moswavleebs.

skolis bazaze saswavlo triningebis koordinatori darwmunebulia, rom

saswavlo kursebSi Teoriuli sagnebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, swavlebis stili

da swavlebis sxvadasxvagvari SesaZleblobebi, naklebad iyo gaTvalisiwinebuli.

Tumca, Sefasebis jgufi Tvlis, rom warmodgenili saswavlo masalebi ufro met

informacias moicavda vidre msgavsi saswavlo kursebi sxva qveynebSi. ar arsebobs

masala qarTul an rusul enebze, rTuli ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis danergva ki

damatebiT Teoriuli masalas moiTxovs. amitom, aucilebelia masalis momzadeba

gansakuTrebiT swavlebisa da Sefasebis satreningo kursisTvis. gansakuTrebiT

prioritetuli SeiZleba iyos praqtikuli problemebi sxvadasxva saganSi aqtiuri

swavlebis magaliTebTan dakavSirebiT.

struqturulad, SerCevis meqanizmis gamoyenebam saswavlo gegmasTan dakavSirebuli

swavlebis kursSi, rac ufro aqtiuri maswavleblebis SerCevas gulisxmobs, SeiZleba

mniSvnelovnad gaaumjobesos saswavlo gegmebis trenigkursi, magram mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu maswavleblebs sakmarisi dro an SesaZlebloba miecemaT sakuTari

codna TavianT kolegebs gauziaron. am miznis gansaxorcieleblad SeiZleba SerCeul

maswavleblebs damatebiTi anazRaureba daeniSnoT imisaTvis, rom SabaT-kviras

swavleba Cautaron sxva maswavleblebs ufro tradiciuli kaskaduri modelis

gamoyenebiT; aseve SeiZleba aRniSnul maswavleblebs datvirTva odnav SevumciroT

imis sanacvlod, rom maT adgilze Cautaron swavleba sxva maswavleblebs an TavianTi

codna saklaso oTaxSi vizitis saSualebiT gauziaron. orive meTodi saWiroebs

damatebiT xarjebs, rac kidev axal programul cvlilebebTan aris dakavSirebuli,

magram zogierT SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia xarjebis Canacvleba. is faqti, rom

moswavle/maswavlebeli koeficienti xSirad konsolidaciis miuxedavad ucvleli

rCeba (ix. punqti 4), miuTiTebs imaze, rom arsebobs SesaZlebloba - ar Seicvalos

resursebi.

bolo periodSi ganxorcielebuli treningebis organizaciasTan dakavSirebuli

kidev erTi problemaa is, rom maswavleblebis umetesobisaTvis qarTul enaze masalebi

xelmisawvdomi ar aris. idealur variantSi, reformis dros uzrunvelyofili

damxmare masalebi da ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier mowodebuli

informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor gamoviyenoT axali moTodebi, unda iyos ufro

srulyofili (ufro meti broSura da ara ramdenime gverdasagan Semdgari Tezisebi),

romlebic ufro meti raodenobiT gamoicema da ufro farTod gavrceldeba.

gavrcelebuli werilobiTi masalebi SeiZleba maswavleblebma ganaTlebisa da

mecnierebis saministros mxridan axali meTodebis mxardaWerad aRiqvan. Zalian

kargi iqneba, Tu saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisa da skolis biblioTekebSi ufro


meti saswavlo masala iqneba da aseve meti masala miewodeba yovel maswavlebels.

Sefasebis jgufi aRniSnavs, rom es dakavSirebuli iqneba xarjebsa da programul

cvlilebebTan. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT Sefasebis jgufs ar SeuZlia konsultacia

damatebiTi informaciis gareSe.

axali meTodebisa da saswavlo programebisadmi maswavleblebis midgomis

Camosayalibeblad ara erTi Sesavali RonisZieba ganxorcielda. amaSi advilad

darwmundebiT Tu SeadarebT registrSi maswavlebelTa adgilebs reformisadmi

maTi damokidebulebis Sesaxeb pasuxebis Sesabamisad. marTalia ver vityviT, rom

maswavleblebis pasuxi dasawyisSi iyo nuli, msoflio bankis mier Catarebuli

kvlevebi (sanCo da hernandesi, 1999; Sahriari, 1999) gviCvenebs, rom dasawyisSi TiTqmis

yvela maswavlebeli registrSi ufro qvemoT daikavebdnen adgils. magram reformebis

adreuli etapebisa da masStabebis gaTvaliswinebiT, jer kidev bevri ram aris

gasakeTebeli imisaTvis, rom maswavlebleblebma axali meTodebi gaiTavison. amas

adasturebs is, rom arc Tu ise maRali qulebi miiRes im maswavleblebma, romlebic

skolis bazaze Catarebul profesiuli ganviTarebis trenigebTan an sacdel saswavlo

programebTan dakavSirebul saswavlo kursebSi monawileobdnen.

safrTxe, romelic sxva qveynebSi msgavsi meTodebis damkvidrebisas arsebobda,

iyo is, rom damatebiTi saswavlo kursebisa da warmatebuli magaliTebis

an maswavleblebisaTvis axali meTodebis Rirebulebis damtkicebis gareSe,

maswavlebelTa damokidebuleba zogierT SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba uaryofad Secvliliyo.

maswavlebelTa aqtiuri swavlebis magaliTebis Cvenebis mowyoba, romelic gamoiyeneba,

magaliTad, skolis bazaze maswavlebelTa swavlebis programaSi, informaciis

gadacemis erT-erTi saukeTeso gzaa. garda amisa, maswavleblebs SeuZliaT Tavad

Seiswavlon aqtiuri swavlebis modelebi aqtiuri swavlebis midgomebis11 gamoyenebiT.

maswavlebelTa kvalifikaciis amaRlebis gegma jer kidev Camoyalibebis procesSi

iyo Sefasebis dros, magram, maT, vinc am saqmeSia CarTuli, unda gaiTvaliswinon

moTxovna uwyveti wliuri profesiuli ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, da ara erTjeradi

moTxovna. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisa da ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis

saministrosaTvis datvirTvisa da xarjebis Sesamcireblad aRniSnuli sakiTxi

SeiZleba arasamTavrobo organizaciebma, universitetebma an kerZo provaiderebma

moagvaron licenziiT standartizebuli xarisxiT, rac qmnis imis garantias, rom saqmeSi

CarTuli pirebi kvalificiurn da gamocdilni iqnebian maswavlebelTa Tanamedrove

saswavlo reformebis ganxorcielebaSi. magram aRniSnulma pirebma sifrTxile

unda gamoiCinon damatebiT xarjebTan dakavSirebiT, rac SeiZleba maswavleblebs

daekisroT; xelfasebis zrdis miuxedavad, izrdeba konkurencia, radgan rac SeiZleba

meti organizacia Seecdeba licenziis mopovebas.

pirebma, romelnic CarTulni arian saswavlo kursebis marTvis saqmeSi, aseve

direqtorebma da maswavleblebma aRniSnes, rom skolebSi cvlilebebis warmatebiT

danergvaSi mTavari roli direqtorebs ekisrebodaT; amas maswavlebelTa gamokiTxva

da fokus-jgufebSi Catarebuli ganxilvebic adasturebs. direqtori, romelsac

kargad esmis reformis arsi da xels uwyobs mis ganxorcielebas, umTavres funqcias

asrulebs da es saganmanaTleblo reformis Sesaxeb arsebul araerT saerTaSoriso

literaturasa da sxva qveynebis programebSia miTiTebuli. Tu direqtori ar

icnobs inovacias da ar icis rogor ganaxorcielos igi, man SeiZleba mouqnelad

imoqmedos siaxleebis danergvisas an SeiZleba SeewinaaRmdegos cvlilebas. amrigad,

direqtorebma maswavleblTa msgavsad unda gaiaron treningebi, magram isini unda

�� magram Sefasebis jgufma daadgina, rom araviTari kavSiri ar arsebobs skolis bazaze profesiul ganviTarebaSi CarTul

“maswavlebelTa instruqtorebsa” da aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis gamoyenebas Soris.


CaerTon maswavleblebi Sida-samsaxureobriv kvalifikaciis asamaRlebel treningebSi,

rac xels Seuwyobs swavlebis efeqturobis zrdas da Tavidan agvacilebs reformis

Cavardnas zogierT skolaSi. SeiZleba arc Tu ise Wkvianuri iyos davelodoT

direqtorebis formalur treningebs manam, sanam axali direqtorebis arCevnebis

xangrZlivi procesi dasruldeba (rogorc punqt 4-Si iyo aRniSnuli). ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministrom xelidan Zalian kargi SesaZlebloba gauSva, mas

SeeZlo Caetarebina iseTive sistematuri treningebi direqtorebisTvisac, rogoric

maswavleblebs Cautara. am gziT igi SeZlebda ukeTesad daxmareboda maswavleblebs

da aseve moemzadebina droebiTi direqtorebi, romelTagan Zalian bevri SemdgomSi

mudmivi direqtori gaxdeboda. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebma aRniSnes, rom

direqtorebis treningebi momavali wlisaTvis erT-erTi prioritetuli sakiTxia. unda

gaviTvaliswinoT, rom treningebi saganmanaTleblo resurscentris wevrebmac unda

gaiaron (maT maswavlebelTa zogierT saswavlo kursSic unda miiRon monawileoba)

kvalificiurobis amaRlebis da aseve maswavlebelTa saWiroebebis Sesaxeb codnis

gaRrmavebis mizniT.

rac Seexeba axlad daarsebul saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs, aucilebelia,

mkafiod ganisazRvros maTi TanamSromlebis fuqcia-valdebulebebi, maswavlebelTa

treningebSi maTi monawileobis wili (aseve sxva pasxusismgeblobebTan mimarTebaSi

- ix. punqti 5). am etapze, maswavleblebi Tvlian, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentri

mxolod direqtorTan unda iyos pirdapir kavSirSi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis

saministrodan informaciis miRebis da skolebSi mimdinare procesebis kontrolis

mizniT. Tu saganmanaTleblo resurscentris personalis erT-erTi roli

maswavleblebis gadamzadebis reformis mxardaWeraa, maSin reabilitirebuli

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi, romlebsac saganmanaTleblo masalebisaTvis

biblioTekebisaTvis gamoyofili farTi aqvT, saWiroeben ukeTesad aRWurvas

maswavleblebisaTvis gankuTvnili wyaroebiTa da wignebiT. es xels Seuwyobs

profesiuli kavSirebis ganviTarebas da urTierTobis damyarebas saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebsa da adgilobriv maswavleblebs Soris, rac ufro metia vidre

urTierToba mxolod direqtorTa doneze.

problemuri sakiTxi, romelic damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovs, aris zogierTi

maswavleblisa da mSoblis mier imis mtkiceba, rom ufrosklaselebi, romlebic

universitetSi Sesasvlelad emzadebian, mxolod universitetSi Sesasvlelad saWiro

misaRebi gamocdis testebiT mecadineoben. es sakiTxi problematuria sxva qveynebSic,

romelTagan bevrma sakiTxis gadasawyvetad universitetis misaRebi gamocdis

formulis erT-erTi Semadgenel nawilad mudmivi akademiuri moswrebis saSualo

maCvenebeli daawesa. sasurvelia, momavalSi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom

es sakiTxi ganixilos.

5.1.1.2 treningebi programa `irmis naxtomis~ farglebSi

maswavlebelTa treningebi programa „irmis naxtomis“ swavlebis sxva

RonisZiebebisagan gansxvavebulad aris modelirebuli. aRniSnuli formati efeqturia

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom zrdasruli adamianebis treningi metad intensiuri unda

iyos kompiuteris gamoyenebis swavlebisa da am codnis sxvebisTvis gadacemisaTvis.

rogorc dRemde dadasturda, „irmis naxtomis“ programa advilad SeTvisebadia da

Sesabamisad, warmatebis meti Sansi aqvs.

kvlevis adreuli Sedegebi migvaniSnebs, rom programaSi „irmis naxtomi“

CarTul skolebSi dReisTvis mcire warmateba ukve miRweulia, yovel SemTxvevaSi es


naTelia soflis skolebis Sedarebis magaliTze mainc. magram Sedegebis mixedviT

Tu vimsjelebT, maswavleblebis mier profesiuli miznebisaTvis kompiuterebis

gamoyenebis sakiTxi kvlavac gaumjobesebas saWiroebs. kvleva gviCvenebs, rom

programaSi „irmis naxtomi“ CarTuli skolebis maswavlebelTa treningebma ganapiroba

maswavlebelTa mier kompiuterebis moxmarebis zrda, rac gansakuTrebiT aSkaraa

qalaqis skolebSi. maswavleblebi Tavisi iniciativiT erTvebian programa „irmis

naxtomis“ treningebSi da maTi SemTxveviTi principiT SerCeva ar xdeba, amitom

gaurkvevelia, maswavleblebis interesis gazrda kompiuterisadmi treningebis Sedegia

Tu swavlebis kursis gavla im maswavleblebma gadawyvites, romelTac kompiuterTan

muSaoba ukve icodnen da gansakuTrebiT dainteresebulni iyvnen. am SemTxvevaSi

gamodis, rom swavlebas Sedegi ar aqvs. ufro metic, maswavlebelTa umetesoba _ maT

Soris maswavleblebi, romelTac „irmis naxtomis“ mimdinare programis farglebSi

gaiares treningebi, mainc arasodes an iSviaTad iyeneben kompiuters, radgan es maTTvis

mosaxerxebeli ar aris, ar ician rogor gamoiyenon sainformacio teqnologiebi

saswavlo miznebisTvis an ubralod kompiuteris moxmarebis saSualeba ar aqvT.

kvlevam aCvena, rom maswavlebelTa umetesobis azriT, saWiroa damatebiTi

treningebi, raTa kompiuteris moxmareba ufro mosaxerxebeli gaxdes maTTvis da

iswavlon kompiuteri profesiul saqmianobaSi gamoyeneba. programa „irmis naxtomis“

farglebSi dagegmili treningebi miznad ar isaxavs maswavleblebis amJamindeli

sawyisi donis gaumjobesebas da amdenad, ver daakmayofilebs maswavlebelTa moTxovnas

Semdgomi swavlebis Sesaxeb. programis mizani damatebiT treningebTan dakavSirebiT

aris maswavlebelTa codnis donis gazrda ise, rom maT SeeZloT skolis vebgverdebis

Seqmna, wyaroebis moZieba da a.S. swavleba ar aris dagegmili kaskaduri modelis saxiT,

romelic albaT sainformacio teqnologiebis sakiTxebis CarTvas moiTxovs. amdenad,

gaurkvevelia proeqtis dasrulebis droisaTvis programis es RonisZiebebi sakmarisi

iqneba Tu ara ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis ganxorcielebisTvis, sainformacio

da sakomunikacio teqnologiebis skolebis saswavlo programebSi integraciisaTvis.

magram warmateba SedarebiT mokrZalebuli miRwevebiTac SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT.

„irmis naxtomis“ warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven, rom momavalSi maT SeuZliaT Seqmnan

distanciuri swavlebis saSualebebi, romelic ufro xelmisawvdomi, magram naklebad

efeqturi iqneba, vidre pirdapir swavleba. SezRuduli saxsrebis gaTvaliswinebiT, es

SeiZleba saukeTeso gamosavali iyos, magram ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom

SeiZleba moisurvos xeli Seuwyos maswavleblebs, skolis doneze daiwyon kompiuteris

gamoyenebis TviTswavleba, Tu „irmis naxtomi“ SeZlebs Seqmnas saTanado distanciuri

swavlebis SesaZleblobebi.

5.1.2 axali saswavlo gegma: daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

ganxorcielebis Sualeduri etapze warmatebis kidev erT magaliTs warmoadgens

maswavlebelTa da direqtorTa zogadi kmayofileba axali saswavlo gegmis

struqturiT, iseve, rogorc axali saxelmZRvaneloebiT. kmayofileba gacilebiT didia

vidre ori wlis win, rodesac erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis da Sefasebis centrma

Caatara kvleva. maswavleblebi Tvlian, rom saSualo doneze arian momzadebulni

axali sagnebis kursis swavlebisaTvis. es Sedegi ufro metia, vidre mcire raodenoba

im maswavleblebisa, romlebmac swavleba gaiares araeqsperimentul skolebSic ki da

romlebic nel-nela iwyeben aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis saTanado gamoyenebas.


5.1.3 mudmivi cvlilebis mxardaWeris sistema: daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

swavlebis tradiciuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT winasamsaxureobrivi treningebis

Secvla da universitetis fakultetis srul ganakveTze momuSave TanamSromlebis

CarTva neli procesia, romelic axal maswavleblebs saSualebas miscems skolaSi

muSaobis dawyebamde gaiaron treningebi axal meTodebSi, romelsac mxars uWers kanoni

ganaTlebis Sesaxeb. Tu daveTanxmebiT mosazrebas, rom saWiroa winasamsaxureobrivi

treningebis reformis tradiciuli meTodebi, mravali weli iqneba saWiro imisaTvis,

rom saTanado cvlilebebma SeaRwios am sistemaSi, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom

reformebs asusteben momavali maswavleblebi, romlebic institutebSi tradiciul

meTodebs swavloben Tu ecnobian da am codniT iwyeben muSaobas skolebSi. arsebobs

alternativa _ reformebSi CarTulma pirebma ganixilon sakiTxi da gadawyviton,

rogor SeiZleba ufro swrafi progresis miRweva.

erT-erTi alternativaa winasamsaxureobrivi treningebis uzrunvelyofis naklebad

tradiciuli modelis damkvidreba, ramac SeiZleba mniSvnelovani konkurencia

gauwios Zvel modelebs. maswavleblebisaTvis kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli kursebis

analogiurad, SesaZlebelia universitetebma specialuri swavlebisaTvis moiwvion

igive tipis arasamTavrobo da kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli treningebis kerZo

provaiderebi. xarisxis uzrunvelyofa kvlavac boloniis procesis moTxovnebs

unda akmayofilebdes. am sakiTxs unda akontrolebdnen pirebi, romelTac saTanado

akademiuri swavleba aqvT gavlili Teoriuli komponentebis codnis gaRrmavebis

sferoSi. magram SesaZlebelia boloniis moTxovnebis dakmayofileba ise, rom ar

davelodoT yvela swavlebagavlili piris mier swavlebis kursis gavlas mesame

safexuris doneze. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros SeuZlia sxva ganviTarebul

qveynebTan, magaliTad, balkaneTisa da baltiispireTis qveynebTan erTad ganixilos

sakiTxi, Tu rogor daaCqaros es procesi.

5.1.4 Sefaseba. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

Sefasebis meTodebis Secvlis ambiciuri gegmebi dasafasebelia da rogorc

Cans, Sefasebis sistemis Secvlas saTanado mizezebi gaaCnia. Sefasebis sistemis

axali ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis miznebis Sesaxeb jer kidev bevri ram yvelasaTvis

gasagebi ar aris da aSkaraa, rom bevr maswavlebels esaWiroeba treningebi imis

Sesaxeb, Tu rogor Seadginos da gamoiyenos Sefasebis axali sistema. bolo dros

ganxorcielebul reformaSi yuradReba am sakiTxze gaamaxviles. magram unda

gaviTvaliswinoT damatebiTi xarjebi da Zalisxmeva, romelic ufro xSir da intensiur

werilobiTi informaciiT uzrunvelyofasTan aris dakavSirebuli.

aseve gamovlinda, rom maswavleblebi, mSoblebi da direqtorebi 10-quliani Sefasebis

sistemas jer kidev kargad ver SeeCvivnen da maTTvis arc Tu ise mosaxerxebelia

axali sistemis gamoyeneba ganmaviTarebeli SefasebisaTvis. es gasagebia, radgan

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis principi sistemaSi sruliad axalia da am sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT Catarebuli treningebi ar yofila farTomasStabiani. maswavleblebi

aRniSnaven, rom treningebi zogierT SemTxvevaSi mainc konkretulad romelime TemiT

unda Semoifarglebodes. maTi azriT, treningebis dros warmodgenili unda iyos

magaliTebi, Tu rogor SeiZleba qalaqis skolebis maRalkontigentian klasebSi

am tipis Sefasebis gamoyeneba. problema is aris, rom maswavleblebma, saTanado

treningis ararsebobis gamo, SesaZloa qulebis Skala SezRudon da tradiciuli


stiliT gamoiyenon, riTac Seamcireben am sistemis, rogorc ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis

saSualebis Rirebulebas.

Sefasebis kuTxiT erT-erTi mTavari struqturuli sakiTxia - unda dainergos

Tu ara cvlilebebi manam, sanam ganmaviTarebel SefasebasTan da mis gamoyenebasTan

dakavSirebuli treningebi dasruldeba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi sistema SeiZleba

im problemebs daubrundes, romlis dasaZlevadac axali Sefasebis sistema Seiqmna

- niSnebis inflacia da Sefasebis sistemis SemWidroveba mcire raodenobamde.

problemis Seqmnis saSiSroeba potenciurad arsebobs, ramdenadac saerTaSoriso

kvlevaSi gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom Sefasebis sistemis momxmareblebs uWirT

gansxvaveba gaakeTon Svidis zemoT qulebs Soris.

Sefasebis jgufi aseve darwmunebulia, rom SefasebasTan dakavSirebuli saswavlo

masalebi, iseve rogorc reformis farglebSi Catarebuli sxva treningebi sakmarisi

araa aseTi rTuli reformis mxardasaWerad. Sefasebis gundis gancxadebiT igi am

da msgavs Sefasebebs SezRuduli biujetis balansis konteqstis gaTvaliswinebis

gareSe akeTebs da gadawyvets, Tu ra masalebis Sesyidvaa saWiro.

5.1.5 skolis fizikuri garemo. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

reformamdeli uyuradRebobis gamo, saqarTvelos skolebSi swavlasa da

swavlebasTan dakavSirebiT bevri materialuri problema arsebobs. ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministrom, msoflio bankma da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa

da Sefasebis centrma Zalian bevri gaakeTa Senobebis saremonto samuSaoebis

Casatareblad. Tumca, fizikuri infrastruqturis TvalsazrisiT jer kidev bevri

ram rCeba gasakeTebeli, saxuravidan dawyebuli, saTanado sakanalizacio sistemis

CaTvliT. aseve mosawesrigebelia wylis sistema, sanitaruli kvanZebi da saabazano

mowyobilobebi. eleqtroenergiis mowodebis stabilurobis TvalsazrisiT

mdgomareoba garkveulwilad gaumjobesda, magram didi skolebis TiTqmis naxevarSi

ar momxdara saklaso oTaxebSi ganaTebis regulireba. infrastruqturis aRniSnuli

problemebis mosagvareblad, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saminitro ver daeyrdnoba

mxolod mudmiv spontanur konsolidaciasa Tu sagangebo situaciaSi msoflio bankis

mier ramdenime ZiriTadi skolis SekeTebas. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro

axorcielebs dagegmili reabilitaciis progamas sagangebo mdgomareobaSi myofi

sxva 1000 skolisaTvis.

araerT qveyanaSi biblioTekebi skolebSi saswavlo programebis birTvs

warmoadgens. skolebis did raodenobas aqvs biblioTeka an specialurad gamoyofili

oTaxi, romelic moswavleebisaTvis saWiro resursebiT aris aRWurvili, Tumca

SedarebiT patara skolebSi bibioTekisaTvis gamoyofili oTaxebi Zalian patara an

arasaTanadod mowyobilia da ar hgavs namdvili biblioTekas. bevri maswavlebeli

miiCnevs, rom biblioTekis resursebi ar aris maRali xarisxis. maTi umetesoba

saskolo biblioTekebis programas ufro maRal Sefasebas aZlevs. rekomendirebulia

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros, msoflio bankisa da erovnuli saswavlo

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris mier biblioTekebis daarsebisa da gaumjobesebis

gagrZeleba, ramdenadac biblioTeka yvela skolaSi is adgilia, sadac moswavleebs

SeuZliaT imecadinon da moiZion sxvadasxva wyaro. skolebSi, sadac didi farTi

arsebobs, unda gaiTvaliswinon damatebiTi didi saklaso oTaxis mowyoba biblioTekis

saxiT. xolo skolebSi, sadac farTi SezRudulia, SeiZleba moewyos Tanamgzavruli

biblioTekebi an mcire saswavlo centrebi, romelic SeiZleba saerTo iyos ramdenime

axlomdebare skolisaTvis. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebsa da ganaTlebisa da


mecnierebis saministros SeuZlia konsultaciisaTvis daiqiravos regionaluri an

saerTaSoriso konsulntantebi, romlebic rekomendaciebs SeimuSaveben aRniSnuli

sakiTxis Sesaxeb. SeiZleba ufrosklaselebs daevaloT saswavlo centrebis an

biblioTekis kontroli, rac xarjebs Seamcirebs (Tu am funqciis maswavleblebisaTvis

dakisreba SeuZlebelia) da aseve xels Seuwyobs swavlaze pasuxismgeblobis gazrdas

_ es ki qveynis umTavresi mizania. biblioTekaSi sakmarisi farTi unda iyos, raTa

moswavleebma individualurad an mcire jgufebad SeZlon muSaoba proeqtebze,

an ubralod gamoiyenon is sakiTxav darbazad. unda gaviTvaliswinoT aseve didi

kompiuteruli laboratorebis kombinireba biblioTekebTan, rac uzurnvelyofs

kompiuterebis gamoyenebas prioritetis mixedviT da moswavleTa mier mis, rogorc

inteleqtualuri kvlevis saSualebis aRqmas. Tavad skolebs SeuZliaT mSoblebis,

sazogadoebis wevrebis da sxvadasxva kompaniisagan masalebis saxiT miiRon

Semowiruloba biblioTekebisaTvis da zogadad damatebiTi saskolo masalebisaTvis.

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros an erovnul centrebs SeuZliaT ganixilon

sakiTxi, Tu rogor moiZion saerTaSoriso donorebi, romlebic inglisur an sxva

enaze arsebuli masalebiT mainc daexmarebian skolebs.

biblioTekebis arsebobas aranairi sargebeli ar eqneba, Tu maswavleblebisa

da moswavleebisaTvis masalebi mudmivad xelmisawvdomi ar aris. Cveulebriv,

mraval qveyanaSi skolis administracia axali resursebis gamoyenebis SezRudviT

cdilobs daicvas isini dazianebis an dakargvisagan. amitom, maswavleblebisa da

moswavleebisaTvis masalebi yovelTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris. ganaTlebisa da

mecnierebis saministrosa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris

TanamSromlebma, albaT ufro saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis saSualebiT, skolis

administracias unda ganumarton, rom biblioTekebi da biblioTekis resursebi iolad

xelmisawvdomi unda iyos, yvela maswavlebels unda hqondes biblioTekis gasaRebi an

biblioTeka mudmivad Ria unda iyos samuSao saaTebSi.

amJamad msoflio banki da ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro CarTuli arian

specialuri fizikuri infrastruqturis sakiTxebSi moswavleebisaTvis axali merxebis

uzrunvelyofis mizniT. rekomendebulia am mravalwliani gegmis gagrZeleba yvela

moswavlisaTvis saTanado merxisa da avejis uzrunvelsayofad. Tumca es sakiTxi,

rac SeiZleba swrafad unda mogvardes. ilia WavWavaZis programis warmomadgenlebi

aRniSnaven, rom dainteresebuli arian saTanado standartebis mignebiTa da ganviTarebiT.

Sefasebis jgufis rekomendaciis mixediT kargi iqneboda msoflio bankis sxva ofisebTan

dakavSireba postkomunistur qveynebSi ganviTarebuli standartebis Sesaxeb informaciis

miRebis mizniT. aseve, moswavleebisaTvis saWiroa saTanado ganaTeba. rekomendirebulia

am sakiTxis mogvareba ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier saklaso oTaxebSi

saTanado saswavlo garemos Seqmnis mizniT. rac Seexeba sportul darbazebs, Seswavlili

skolebis naxevarze mets aqvs sportuli darbazisaTvis saWiro aRWurviloba, magram

maTgan TiTqmis naxevari sakmarisad ar aris aRWurvili an saTanadod ver iyenebs

arsebul aRWurvilobas. soflis skolebis naxevarze mets ar aqvs sportuli darbazi.

ramdenadac saqarTvelos umetes nawilSi amindis gamo Zalian rTulia fizikuri aRzrdis

gakveTilebis Senobis gareT Catareba, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom Semdgom

samuSaoebSi unda gaiTvaliswinos sportuli darbazebis saremonto samuSaoebi yvela

skolisaTvis, rac moswavleebs mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi miscems fizikuri varjiSis

saSualebas. garda amisa, maRalmTian regionebSi aRiniSneba daswrebis problema, rac

amindiT an satransporto saSualebebis ararsebobiT aris gamowveuli. am sakiTxis

Sesaxeb ufro dawvrilebiT qvemoT visaubrebT.

sporti saswavlo gegmebis erT-erTi damatebiTi aqtivobaa, romelic xels uwyobs


moswavleebSi gunduri muSaobisa da aqtiuri swavlebis principis ganviTarebas.

dakvirvebam gviCvena, rom skolebis mxolod naxevari sTavazobs moswavleebs saswavlo

programebis garda damatebiT aqtivobebs sportis saxiT. sportuli aqtivobebi ufro

metad qalaqis skolebSia gavrcelebuli, magram aq aqtivobaSi monawileoba fasiania,

rac gamoricxavs zogierTi moswavlis monawileobas usaxsrobis gamo. ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministrom xeli unda Seuwyos saskolo sabWoebis mier sxvadasxva

klasgareSe saqmianobis gafarTovebas, rac gundur muSaobas da aqtiur swavlas ufro

intensiurs gaxdis. klasgareSe aqtivoba moicavs saerTaSoriso literaturas, rac

moswavleebisaTvis saukeTeso da wamaxalisebeli saSualebaa swavlisa Tu RonisZiebebs

SemoqmedebiTad Camoayalibebisa da xelmZRvanelobisaTvis, romelsac afinanseben

maswavleblebi an mSoblebi da romelic did xarjebTan ar aris dakavSirebuli.

zogierT skolaSi, gansakuTrebiT qalaqis skolebSi, moswavleebisaTvis klasgareSe

aqtivobebi savaldebuloa da igi moicavs sxvadasxva RonisZiebas, Tumca, amave dros

axdens finansurad gaWirvebuli moswavleebis diskriminacias. klasgareSe aqtivobebi

SeZlebisdagvarad ufaso unda iyos moswavleebisaTvis, an SezRuduli finansuri

resursebis mqone moswavleebs unda daeniSnoT stipendiebi.

kidev erTi, klasgareSe aqtivobasTan dakavSirebuli problemuri sakiTxia

moswavleebis kerZo mecadineoba. kerZo mecadineobis praqtika sagrZnoblad Semcirda

wina wlebTan SedarebiT. es aris praqtika, romelic arsebiTad bariers qmnis

finansurad gaWirvebuli moswavleebisaTvis da romelmac SeiZleba ganapirobos

interesTa konfliqti (Tu maswavlebeli sakuTari klasis moswavles kerZod

amecadinebs). kerZo mecadineobaze daxarjuli saSualo wliuri xarjebi, regionis

mixedviT meryeobs 250-dan 1000 laramde. es ki swavlis Tanabari SesaZleblobebs

uzRudavs finansurad gaWirvebuli ojaxebis bavSvebs, radganac ganaTlebis xarisxi

ufaso skolebSi sakmarisi araa. kerZo mecadineobis praqtika maswavleblebisaTvis

Semosavlis potenciuri wyaroa, magram rogorc sertifikaciis procesis

nawili, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom unda SeimuSaos struqturuli

damabrkolebeli meqanizmebi, romelic maswavleblebs sakuTari moswavleebis kerZo

mecadineobis stimuls Seumcirebs. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom aseve

unda gaiTvaliswinos iseTi saTanado struqturuli sifrTxilis zomebis moTxovna,

rogoric aris pedagogTa koleqtivis kontroli licenzirebis, dawesebuli Tanxisa

da momsaxurebis pirobebis standartizebis gziT.

rac Seexeba axal saxelmZRvaneloebs, moswvleebisaTvis axali saxelmZRvaneloebis

Seqmnisa da miwodebis araCveulebrivma da didma Zalisxmevam nayofi gamoiRo. amJamad

maswavleblebi ufro dadebiTad afaseben axali saxelmZRvaneloebis xarisxs, vidre

wina kvlevis dros. aseve irkveva, rom maswavleblebi iyeneben axal saxelmZRvaneloebs.

moswavleebi da maswavleblebi axal saxelmZRvaneloebs moiTxoven ufro efeqturad

swavlis SesaZleblobis Seqmnis mizniT. maswavleblebis gancxadebiT, klasebis

daaxloebiT meoTxedSi moswavleebis mniSvnelovan raodenobas axali saxelmZRvanelo

ar aqvs an sxva moswavleTa saziarod aqvs SeZenili, rasac nawilobriv gamokvlevac

adasturebs. yvela moswavlisaTvis axali saxelmZRvanelos miwodebis mravalwliani

gegma prioritetulia da sasurveli iqneba, Tu molaparakebebis Semdeg, axali

saswavlo wlis dawyebamde ori TviT adre mimwodebli samuSao variantis saxiT

mainc moaxerxebs erT maswavlebelze sul mcire erTi egzempliaris miwodebas.

fokus-jgufebSi monawile zogierTi maswavlebeli miiCnevs, rom saxelm-

ZRvaneloebSi Setanili axali masalebi Zalian rTulia maTi moswavleebis. es

mosazreba gamokiTxvis Sedegad garkveulwilad dadasturda. miuxedavad amisa,

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris warmomadgenlis saxiT SeiZleba


aiyvanos maswavleblebi sxvadasxva sferoSi ramdenime jgufis Sesaqmnelad, romelic

gansazRvravs ramdenad Seesabameba simarTles aRniSnuli gancxadeba. saWiroebis

SemTxvevaSi sakiTxis gadaxedva, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom SesaZloa

ganixilos sakiTxi da maswavleblebi CarTos masalebis SemuSavebaSi. aqcenti gakeTdeba

gansakuTrebiT swavlebis ama Tu im etapze moswavleTa doneze. Tu bevri moswavle

aRmoCndeba swavlebis Sesabamis etapze swavlebis donis qvemoT, mawavlebels unda

CautardeT treningi, Tu rogor aswavlon aseT moswavleebs Tanabar doneze. radganac

damtkicebuli saxlemZRvaneloebi ar aris erTaderTi alternativa da Sefasebis

jgufma daadgina, rom konkurencia izrdeba, erovnuli saswavlo programebisa da

Sefasebis centrs SeuZlia Seqmnas vebgverdi, sadac maswavleblebi da direqtorebi

azrs gamoTqvamen damtkicebuli saxelmZRvaneloebis Zlieri da susti mxareebis

Sesaxeb da wvlils Seitanen Semdgom redaqtirebaSi.

rac Seexeba maswavlebelTa gzamkvlevebs, maswavleblebis azriT axali

gzamkvlevebi mniSvnelovnad uwyoben xels maswavlebelTa momzadebas axali

saswavlo programiT swavlebaSi. Tumca, maswavlebelTa daaxloebiT meoTxedi miiCnevs,

rom umjobesia hqondeT gakveTilis gegmis ufro meti magaliTi. daaxloebiT 40%

acxadebs, rom gaurkeveveli mizezebis gamo ar aqvs axali gzamkvlevi. skolebma da

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom unda uzrunvelyon swavlisa da swavlebis

gaumjobesebis mizniT moswavleTa yovel axal saxelmZRvanelosTan erTad yvela

maswavleblisaTvis saxelmZRvanelos miwodeba. maswavlebelTa saxelmZRvaneloebiT

uzrunvelyofa unda moxdes damatebiTi gamocemebis saxiT an skolam unda Seisyidos

isini maswavleblebisaTvis.

damatebiTi saswavlo masalebi kritikuli mniSvnelobisaa aqtiuri swavlebisa da

swavlisaTvis. damatebiTi masalebis sakiTxi problemuria mravali, gansakuTrebiT

ki dawyebiTi klasis maswavleblebisaTvis, romlebic aRniSnaven, rom ar aqvT

saTanado resursebi an saTanadod ar xdeba maTi uzrunvelyofa miuxedavad

biujetSi gaTvaliswinebuli gegmisa. es problema marto saqarTvelosTvis ar aris

damaxasiaTebeli da igi ganviTarebadi qveynebis umetesobaSi gvxvdeba reformis

ganxorcielebis dros. skolis sabWoebs da sagnobriv fakultetebs swavlebis

kursebis ganmavlobaSi unda miuTiTon, rom am sakiTxs prioritetuli mniSvneloba

mianiWon damatebiTi saxsrebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. momavalSi, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebi albaT biujetis dagegmvisas am sakiTxs direqtorebTan erTad

gadawyveten. skolis biujetis prioritetuli sakiTxebis gansazRvraSi maswavleblebic

unda CaerTon, raTa masalebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli saxsrebi sxva miznebisTvis

ar gaixarjos. saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs SeuZliaT es principi gamoiyenon

sameurveo sabWoebTan muSaobis dros, ramdenadac sameurveo sabWoebis funqciaSi

Sedis kontrolis ganxorcieleba skolaze. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom

da saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebma SeiZleba aseve sxva qveynebis magaliTze

gaafarTovon is samuSao, romelsac “maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis

centri” arsebuli resursebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb atarebda treningebis farglebSi.

postkomunisturi qveynebis umetesobas ar surs afrikasa da aziaSi Seqmnili

resursebis magaliTis gamoyeneba, magram am RonisZiebebis kreatiuloba da zogjer

TavisTavad Seqmnili resursebi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT modelis saxiT.

aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) ganviTarebis gamocdilebis

sainformacio centris vebgverdi aseTi resursebis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofis

erT-erTi saSualebaa.

saskolo reformebs Soris programa „irmis naxtomi“ erT-erTi mniSvnelovani

warmatebaa. skolebis kompiuteriTa da internetiT uzrunvelyofa umetes qveynebSi


garantirebuli ar aris da arc Tanabarzomierad xorcieldeba. skolebSi programa

„irmis naxtomis“ ganxorcielebis Sedegad gaizarda koeficienti - moswavle/kompiuteri,

kompiuteris xarisxi, internetis moxmarebis done da kompiuteris xelmisawvdomoba

moswavleebisaTvis gakveTilebis dros da mis Semdeg. miuxedavad amisa, kompiuterisa

da internetis xelmisawvdomoba bevr skolaSi kvlavac SezRudulia. am mxriv qalaqis

skolebSi maCvenebeli ufro maRalia, vidre soflis skolebSi. gansakuTrebiT dabali

maCvenebelia skolebSi, romlebic jer ar arian CarTuli programa „irmis naxtomSi“.

maRalkontigentiani skolebi da qalaqis skolebi ufro metad uzrunvelyofen

moswavleebs kompiuterebiT gakveTilebis Semdeg, rac klasgareSe aqtivobis saxiT

xdeba. Tumca, kompiuteris gamoyenebis saSualo maCvenebeli erT moswavleze dReSi

or saaTs jer kidev ar aRemateba. maswavleblebisaTvis kompiuteris xelmisawvdomoba

kvlavac SezRudulia, magram maCvenebeli ufro maRalia „irmis naxtomis“

programaSi CarTuli skolebisaTvis. moswavleebisaTvis kompiuterebis nakleboba,

internetis ararseboba an dabali siCqare - kidev erTi dabrkolebaa imisaTvis, rom

maswavleblebma kompiuteri swavlebisas gamoiyenon. erT-erTi potenciuri problema

ki is gaxlavT, rom amJamad mxolod ramdenime soflis skolas aqvs sakmarisi

biujeti kompiuterebis teqnikuri momsaxurebisaTvis, Tumca SeiZleba es Seicvalos

programa „irmis naxtomis“ farglebSi kompiuterizaciis Semdgomi gavrcelebis

Sedegad. gegmis mixedviT, kompiuterebis da internetkavSiris uzrunvelyofam yvela

skolisaTvis prioritetuli sakiTxis statusi unda SeinarCunos. moswavleebis

mier kompiuterebis ufro farTod gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT erT-erTi midgomis

Tanaxmad unda moewyos treningebi, romlis farglebSic moswavleTa mcire jgufebi

miiReben kompiuterze Sesasrulebel davalebebs. unda daevaloT aseve informaciis

moZieba, garda amisa, unda moxdes aqtiuri swavlebis sxva midgomebis gamoyenebac.

skolebis naxevarze meti kvlavac aqcents akeTebs informatikis gakveTilebze, sadac

iswavleba programirebis ZiriTadi unar-Cvevebi (informatika an beWdva klaviaturis

gamoyenebiT) da ara kursebze, romelTa farglebSic yuradRebas gaamaxvilebdnen

axal meTodebze. am midgomis Secvla ganixileba rogorc „irmis naxtomis“ momavali

gegmebis erT-erTi elementi da potenciuri proeqti maswavleblebisaTvis, romelTac

ufro gaumjobesebuli, internetteqnologiis treningi aqvT gavlili.

maswavleblebi, romelTac programa „irmis naxtomis“ farglebSi gavlili aqvT

treningi, ufro moxerxebulad grZnoben Tavs kompiuterTan, ufro xSirad iyeneben

mas da skolis sainformacio teqnologiebis menejerebisganac ufro xSirad iReben

daxmarebas; Tumca swavlebagavlil maswavlebelTa umetesoba mainc aRniSnavs,

rom esaWiroeba damatebiTi treningi. kompiuterebis arsebobis miuxedavad, „irmis

naxtomis“ saswavlo programis SezRudulobis gamo da iqidan gamomdinare, rom igi

gaTvlilia mxolod teqnikuri unar-Cvevebis dabali donis mqone maswavleblebze,

Zalian bevrma maswavlebelma _ maTac ki, visac gavlili aqvs treningi programa

„irmis naxtomis“ farglebSi _ kargad ar ician, rogor gamoiyenon teqnologia sagnis

swavlebisaTvis an Tavdajerebulni ar arian sainformacio teqnologiebis sakuTar

codnaSi. skolebis TiTqmis naxevarSi maswavleblebi sainformacio teqnologiebis

menejerisgan mniSvnelovan daxmarebas ver iReben.

skolebi, romlebic kompiuteris moxmarebaze gadavidnen, miiCneven, rom kompiuterebis

gamoyenebisTvis umniSvnelovanesia ori saxis daxmareba:

1. sainformacio teqnologiebis menejeris mier saqmis saTanado codna –

kompiuterebTan muSaobisas xSiria dabrkolebebi, romlis gadaWra Zalian advilad

SeuZlia sainformacio teqnologiebis menejers.

2. kompiuteris teqnikuri momsaxurebisaTvis Sesabamisi biujeti _ kompiuterebis


efeqturi funqcionirebisaTvis saWiroa kompiuteruli programebi, teqnikuri

aRWurviloba da a.S. es problema yvela skolisaTvis aqtualuria (soflis skolebSi

acxadeben, rom maT kompiuterebis teqnikuri momsaxurebisaTvis saTanado biujeti ar

gaaCniT).

damatebiT dagegmili kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli saswavlo kursebi programa

„irmis naxtomis“ farglebSi, romelic maswavleblebis SezRudul raodenobazea

gaTvlili, savaraudod ver daakmayofilebs arsebul moTxovnilebas. rogorc Sefasebis

jgufisTvis gaxda cnobili, „irmis naxtomis“ mimdinare ciklis dasrulebis Semdeg

ganixileba naklebad ZviradRirebuli, savaraudod naklebad efeqturi distanciuri

swavlebis meTodebis sakiTxi. Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba skolis personals am periodis

ganmavlobaSi saSualeba miecema programa „irmis naxtomis“ daxmarebiT miiRos rCeva,

moawyos kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli sakuTari seminarebi kompiuterul unar-

CvevebSi. seminarebze maswavleblebi gaecnobian distanciuri swavlis variantebs.

maswavleblebma aseve unda icodnen, rogor daexmaron erTmaneTs im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu sainformacio teqnologiebis specialisti ar hyavT. es maTTvis kompiuterTan

muSaobas ufro mosaxerxebels gaxdis.

5.2 marTva da finansebi. zogadi daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

ramdenadac marTvasa da finansebTan dakavSirebuli reformatoruli iniciativebi

sul axlaxans ganxorcielda, mosalodneli iyo, rom zogierTi reformatoruli

RonisZiebis sruli efeqti Sefasebis jgufisaTvis jer TvalsaCino ar iqneboda.

rogorc Sefasebis jgufis mier Catarebulma raodenobrivma da Tvisobrivma analizma

aCvena, marTvisa da finansebis reformis zogierTi Sedegi ukve aSkara gaumjobesebaze

miuTiTebs. miRwevebis done sxvadasxva skolaSi sxvadasxvaa. zogierT SemTxvevaSi

reformis gavlena saerTod ar Cans da mravali problema kvlavac gadauWreli rCeba.

midgomasa da SesaZleblobebTan dakavSirebiT gamovlenili progresi da

miRwevebia:

• dainteresebuli mxareebis Ria damokidebuleba skolis avtonomiis mimarT;

• direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis dadebiTi damokidebuleba direqtoris

arCevnebisadmi;

• yvela skolaSi sameurveo sabWos warmatebuli daarseba formaluri saxiT;

• zogierT skolaSi sameurveo sabWos aSkara aqtiuroba da skolis saqmianobaSi

CarTva;

• mSoblebis ufro metad CarTva skolis saqmianobaSi;

• zogierT skolaSi gankuTvnili saskolo biujetis marTvis SesaZlebloba;

• direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis dadebiTi damokidebuleba saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebisadmi da saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis xelmZRvanelTa da

TanamSromelTa seriozuli motivacia;

finansur da resursebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT progresi da miRwevebi:

• vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis mniSvnelovani dadebiTi gavlena soflisa

da maRalmTiani regionebis skolebis finansur mdgomareobaze;

• maRalkontigentiani da saSualo zomis skolebis finansuri mdgomareobis

zomieri gaumjobeseba;

• vauCeruli dafinansebis efeqturi moqmedeba drouli anazRaurebiT;

• maswavleblebis xelfasebis samarTliani ganawileba;


• konsolidirebul skolebSi moswavle/administraciuli TanamSromelis

koeficientis gaumjobeseba;

• skolebis movlisaTvis saWiro resursebis gamoyofis gaumjobesebis

dawyeba;

• skolis sabWoSi mravali moqalaqis monawileobis Sedegad qarTul

sazogadoebaSi demokratiuli monawileobis gaazreba;

SesaZleblobsa da informaciasTan dakavSirebiT gamovlenili mTavari

problemebi:

• arCeuli direqtorebisa da administraciuli TanamSromlebis intensiuri

swavlebis kritikuli saWiroeba;

• sameurveo sabWos wevrebisaTvis swavlebis SesaZleblobebis ukmarisoba;

• skolis administratorebisa da sameurveo sabWos wevrebis arasaTanado

informirebuloba funqciebisa da uflebamosilebebis gadanawilebis Sesaxeb;

• zogierT skolaSi sameurveo sabWos naklebi aqtiuroba, gansakuTrebiT ki

soflis skolebSi;

• zogierT skolaSi informaciis gaziarebis dabali done da gadawyvetilebis

miReba arademokratiuli principiT;

• direqtorebis arCevnebis sistemis uaryofiT SedegebTan dakavSirebiuli

problemebi;

• saganmanaTleblo resurscentris TanamSromlebis treningebis simcire;

• saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis funqciisa da pasuxismgeblobis bundovani

gansazRvra;

• optimizaciis miznebi da kriteriumebi Semdgom axsna-ganmartebebs

saWiroebs;

resursebsa da finansebTan dakavSirebiT gamovlenili mTavari problemebi:

• arasakmarisi SromiTi, fizikuri da finansuri resursebi saganmanaTleblo

resurscentrebSi;

• mkacrad SezRuduli finansuri mdgomareoba patara skolebSi, gansakuTrebiT

ki im skolebSi, romlebic mcire saskolo subsidiebs iReben;

• gare dafinansebis wyaroebis moZiebis SesaZleblobis gamouyenebloba,

gansakuTrebiT soflisa da maRalmTiani regionis skolebSi;

• maswavleblebis xelfasebis gaumjobesebuli, magram jerac arasaxarbielo

done;

• konsolidaciis wyalobiT swavlebis resursebis marTvis mcire

gaumjobeseba;

• optimizaciis Sedegad miRebuli didi moculobis klasebis potenciurad

uaryofiTi gavlena moswavleebis akademiur aqtivobaze;

• moswavleebis daswrebis problema transportirebis sirTulis gamo, rac

ufro mwvaved igrZnoba optimizirebul skolebSi;

dakvirvebam aCvena, rom skolebi srulad ar iyeneben gare dafinansebis wyaroebis

moZiebis SesaZleblobebs. gare dafinansebis wyaroebis saSualebiT maT SeuZliaT

miiRon damatebiTi Semosavali, romelsac saswavlo garemos gasaumjobeseblad

gamoiyeneben. amdenad, Zalian kargi iqneba Tu skolis direqtorebs, administraciul

TanamSromlebsa da sameurveo sabWoebs ecodinebaT dafinansebis mopovebis saSualebebi,


proeqtebis wera, kontroli da Sefaseba. SeiZleba skolebisaTvis sasargeblo iyos

TanamSromloba da erTmaneTisaTvis gamocdilebis gaziareba am da sxva sakiTxebTan

dakavSirebiT. SesaZlebelia saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebma skolebTan erTad

imuSaon oficialuri regionaluri qselis dasaarseblad, romlis saSualebiTac

erTmaneTs gauziareben ama Tu im warmatebul praqtikas da gamoyenebul meTodebs.

regionaluri modelebis roli SeiZleba saukeTesod moqmedma skolebmac Seasrulon

damatebiTi daxmarebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT.

skolebis winaSe momaval saskolo akreditaciasTan dakavSirebiT 2009 - 2011

wlisaTvis ara erTi problema dadgeba. dRemde damoukidebeli mmarTveli organoebi

jer kidev sakmaod sustia da arsebobs intensiuri da specifikuri treningebis

aucilebloba. treiningebi kargad dagegmili da momzadebuli strategiis safuZvelze

unda Catardes, raTa skolis akreditaciis procedurebis moTxovnebi daakmayofilos.

es saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis funqcionirebis kidev erTi sferoa. savaraudod

2008-2009 wels ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom calke gamokvleva unda

Caataros da daadginos akreditaciisaTvis dadgenili vadebi realisturia Tu ara

aRniSnuli sisusteebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

vauCeruli dafinansebis sistema sakmaod moqnili da efeqturi aRmoCnda umetes

SemTxvevaSi. kvlevam daadastura, rom aRniSnuli sistemis wyalobiT ara erTi skolis

finansuri mdgomareoba gaumjobesda da geografiuli mdebareobis mixedviT skolebis

done SedarebiT miuaxlovda erTmaneTs. magram skolebis moculobis TvalsazrisiT,

vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemam naklebad dadebiTi gavlena iqonia mcire zomis

skolebze, xolo skolebze, romlebic mcire saskolo subsidiebs iRebs, gavlena

kidev ufro SezRuduli iyo. aRniSnul skolebs TiTqmis ar aqvs SesaZlebloba,

rom maswavleblebis xelfasebis garda sxva damatebiTi xarjebi gaiRos sakuTari

biujetidan, im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac maT mcire saskolo subsidiebs sTavazoben.

am problemis gadaWris erT-erTi gza da mcirekontigentiani skolebis xarisxis

gaumjobesebis erT-erTi saSualeba SeiZleba iyos im elementis gaTvaliswineba,

romelic mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis vauCeruli dafinansebis gamoTvlis

erT-erTi kriteriumia. mcirekontigentiani skolebis finansuri sirTuleebis

ganmapirobebeli damatebiTi ZiriTadi faqtorebis dasadgenad SeiZleba saWiro iyos

damatebiTi kvleva, rac xels Seuwyobs vauCeruli dafinansebis raodenobis gamoTvlis

kriteriumis SemuSavebas. vauCeruli dafinansebis formula aseve unda gaumjobesdes

gansakuTrebuli problemebis mqone bavSvebisaTvis dafinansebis gansxvavebuli donis

dawesebis mizniT, ramdenadac aseTi bavSvebis ganaTleba ufro did xarjebTan aris

dakavSirebuli. am gziT obieqturoba SeiZleba ukeTesad iyos uzrunvelyofili.

arsebobs faqtebi, roca skolis konsolidaciam uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdina

moswavleebis daswrebaze transportirebis problemebis gamo da aseve moswavleebis

akademiur moswrebaze, klasebis sididis zrdis gamo. skolis konsolidaciis

sasargeblo da sawinaaRmdego argumentebSi aqcenti keTdeba ZiriTadad skolebis

finansur da fizikur SesaZleblobebze, aseve maTi marTvis efeqtianobaze. ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis saministrom unda ganixilos es sakiTxi da didi yuradReba miaqcios

moswavleTa registraciisa da swavlis sakiTxebs. konsolidirebul skolebSi,

romelTac saskolo avtobusebi emsaxurebaT, daswreba naklebad problemuria. amdenad,

kargi iqneba Tu prioritets mivaniWebT konsolidirebuli skolebis (romelTac jer

ar miuRiaT avtobusebi) uzrunvelyofas avtobusebiT. garda amisa, didi da saSualo

skolebis erT skolad gaerTianebis sakiTxi didi yuradRebiT unda SeviswavloT,

raTa Tavidan aviciloT zedmetad didi klasebis Seqmna da uaryofiTi gavlena

moswavleebis akademiur aqtivobaze. zedmetad didi zomis skolebi saerTaSoriso


problemaa moswavleebis, personalis da administraciis gazrdili raodenobis

ukuefeqtis gamo. erT-erTi aseTi ukuefeqtia skolis sididis matebasTan erTad

individualurobis kleba, swavlis mitovebis SemTxvevebis maCveneblis mateba,12

gazrdili xarjebi da bevri sxva uaryofiTi Sedegi, romelic sazogadoebrivi

kontrolis Semcirebas moyveba.

amrigad, arsebul maRalkontigentian skolebSi skolis zomis Semcirebisadmi erT-

erTi principis mixedviT unda moxdes decentralizacia „skola - skolaSi“, romelsac

aseve mcire saswavlo sazogadeobasac uwodeben. am modelis Tanaxmad, rogorc

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebisa da zogierTi sxva qveynis magaliTma gviCvena, skolis

saswavlo sazogadoebas (SLC) unda marTavdes direqtoris TanaSemwis, moswavleTa

damxmare personalis, magaliTad konsultantisa da fsiqologis, da administraciuli

TanamSromlebisagan Semdgari administraciuli jgufi. direqtori ki mTlian skolas,

zogad sferoebs, usafrTxoebisa da saerTo sakiTxebs unda aregulirebdes. yoveli

saskolo saswavlo sazogadoeba, Cveulebriv, avtonomiuri erTeulia, romelic sakuTar

programas, personals, moswavleebsa da biujets uwevs organizebas. xSir SemTxvevaSi,

saskolo saswavlo sazogadoebis direqtori angariSvaldebulia pirdapir

saministros winaSe. es meqanizmi SeiZleba modelis saxiT gamoviyenoT imisaTvis,

rom nela ganviTarebadi personali jgufuri muSaobis principiT amoqmeddes, rac

swavlebis efeqturobas uzrunvelyofs.13 zogierT TvalsaCinoebaSi moswavleTa gundi

ubralod erTad aris dajgufebuli maSin, rodesac administraciuli nawili did

skolebSi rCeba. mcire skolebis upiratesoba yvelaze kargad Cans im SemTxvevaSi, Tu

saskolo saswavlo sazogadoeba qmnis sakuTar identobasa da kulturas.14

rac Seexeba konsolidaciis sakiTxs saqarTveloSi, erT-erTi principi SeiZleba iyos

kriteriumis dadgena konsolidaciisaTvis, romlis mixedviTac gadawydeba skolas

fiqsirebuli raodenobis moswavleebi unda hyavdes maswavleblebis koeficientis

mixedviT, Tu erT administraciul erTeulSi (Tu skolebis fizikuri konsolidacia

xorcieldeba „skola-skolaSi“ principis gareSe, maSin es iqneba administraciuli

erTeuli). am zRvars zemoT unda moxdes konsolidaciis sakiTxis ganxilva skolis

samoqmedo gegmis gansazRvris mizniT, raTa Tavidan aviciloT is uaryofiTi Sedegebi,

rac moswavleebis akademiur aqtivobaze aisaxeba. skolebma, romlebic erTiandebian

swavlis xarisxis SenarCunebis mizniT, SeuZliaT warmoadginon gaerTianebis Sida

gegma, wamoayenon winadadebebi mini-skolebis, saswavlo sazogadoebebis, danawevrebis,

wesdebebis, an „skola-skolaSi“ principis Sesaxeb. saerTaSoriso literaturis

mixedviT, erT administraciul erTeulze mTeli sididis dadgena SeiZleba sruliad

Sesabamisi kriteriumi iyos.

dainteresebul mxareTa umravlesobis mosazrebiT, gansxvavebuli pozicia, romelic

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs uWiravT teqnikuri daxmarebis da ara marTvis

TvalsazrisiT, Zalian mosaxerxebeli da marTebulia informaciisa da momsaxurebis

uzrunvelyofis mizniT. TiTqmis yvela saxis informacia, momsaxureba da treningebi,

romelic skolebisaTvis xorcieldeba an igegmeba, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

�2 amerikis saSualo zomis skolaSi, sadac 2000 moswavle swavlobs, swavlis mitovebis done orjer ufro metia, vidre

skolaSi, sadac 600 moswavle swavlobs.

�3 ufro mcire zomis skolebis miRwevebis Sesaxeb da konkretulad am midgomis Sesaxeb dawvrilebiTi informaciisaTvis ix. magaliTad, “diuisi” (1999),

“modeli skola -skolaSi”, sainformacio saganmanaTleblo centris krebuli. http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-4/school.htm (08 - 3007). sxva mraval konkretul wyaroTa

Soris aris: jorji da lonsberi, (2000), “rogor unda igrZnon didma skolebma Tavi patara skolebad”; da frenCi, atkinsoni da rugeni (2007) “mcire zomis

skolebis Seqmna: saxelmZRvanelo Tanasworobisa da miRwevebisaTvis”.

�4 rogorc “diuisis” mimoxilvaSia aRniSnuli (igive) “warmatebisaTvis yvelaze kritikuli faqtoria programis srulad

ganxorcieleba, administraciuli dayofa qve-skolebad da calke erTeulebis Seqmna (makabi da oqsli, 1989; makmulani, saipi da vulfi,

1994; raividi, 1996b, citirebuli “diuisiSi”).


pasuxismgeblobaa pirdapiri teqnikuri koordinaciis TvalsazirisiT. dagegmili

momsaxureba moicavs movaleobebis farTo speqtrs, rogoric aris informaciis

miwodeba skolebisaTvis, monacemebis Segroveba da ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio

sistemebis centrisTvis maTi miwodeba, saskolo grantis monitoringi, skolebis,

maswavleblebis, direqtorebisa da sameurveo sabWoebis regionaluri da erovnuli

qselebis daxmareba, skolis administraciul da sabuRaltro saqmeebSi daxmareba,

direqtoris arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT sameurveo sabWos wevrebisaTvis treningebis

Catareba, direqtorebis swavlebisa da maswavleblebis profesiuli ganviTarebis

swavlebis organizeba, reagireba specialur moTxovnebze.

saganmanaTleblo resurscentris xelmZRvanelebTan fokus-jgufebis ganxilvebSi

da kvlevis ZiriTadi informatorebisgan, aseve cxadi gaxda, rom miuxedavad ganaxlebis

mizniT ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebisa, saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi SromiTi,

fizikuri da finansuri resursebis mwvave deficits ganicdian. amdenad, saWiroa

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis da misi TanamSromlebis SesaZleblobebis gazrda,

rogorc es xSirad aRiniSneba fokus-jgufis ganxilvebSi. sakmarisi yuradReba unda

mieqces sakomunikacio teqnologiebis da satransporto saSualebebis naklebobas

an ararsebobas, rac mniSvnelovnad aferxebs saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

kvalificiur muSaobas. garda amisa aRmoCnda, rom dainteresebul mxareTa did

nawils imedi aqvs, rom saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebi Zalian bevri movaleobis

Sesrulebas SeZleben maTi moculobisa da resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT. unda

gatardes RonisZiebebi imisaTvis, rom mkafiod gamoikveTos prioritetebi sxvadasxva

movaleobasa da pasuxismgeblobas Soris, romelic saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebs

akisriaT. gaTvaliswinebul unda iyos saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis personalis

gafarTovebis SesaZlebloba gazrdil moTxovnebTan SesabamisobaSi. garda amisa,

yvela dainteresebuli mxarisaTvis naTeli unda iyos ra pasuxismgeblobebi ekisreba

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrs.

saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebisaTvis sabiujeto avtonomiisa da moqnilobis

miniWeba SeiZleba sasargeblo iyos maTi efeqtiani finansuri marTvisTvis. skolis

decentralizebuli da damoukidebeli marTvis modeli SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos

aseve saganmanaTleblo resurscentrisaTvis. maT SeuZliaT skolebTan kavSiris ufro

aqtiuri modelebi gamoiyenon. ofisebSi direqtorebTan Sexvedrebis organizebis

nacvlad saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebma unda moawyos skolebis daTvaliereba da

regionaluri Sexvedrebi maswavleblebTan, direqtorebTan da sameurveo sabWoebTan.

am gziT uzrunvelyofili iqneba realuri SesaZleblobis farglebSi centrebsa da

ara marto direqtorebs, aramed maswavlebelTa Soris komunikacia.

5.2.1 marTva da finansebi. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi sameurveo

sabWosa da direqtorebis treningebis Sesaxeb

Sefasebis Sedegad dadginda, rom aSkaraa intensiuri satreningo kursebis

aucilebloba mTavari dainteresebuli mxareebisaTvis _ direqtorebisa da

skolis administratorebisaTvis, sameurveo sabWos wevrebisaTvis, saganmanaTleblo

resurscentris TanamSromlebisaTvis, rac reformis pirvel etapze ganxorcilebuli

axali institucionaluri meqanizmis efeqtur funqcionirebas ganapirobebs. mokle

periodSi dainteresebulma mxareebma ramdenjerme gausves xazi, rom saWiroa

skolis administraciisa da sameurveo sabWos dauyovneblivi momzadeba skolis

marTvaSi maTi rolisa da uflebamosilebis, aseve saskolo procedurebis


gasacnobiereblad. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom skolebis mier gadawyvetilebis

miRebis struqtura mudmivad gamoiwvevs momavali arCevnebis Sedegad TanamSromelTa

gadaadgilebas, mniSvnelovania xangrZlivi institucionaluri meqanizmis daweseba

sruli da xangrZlivi winasamsaxureobrivi da Sidasamsaxureobrivi treningebis

uzrunvelsayofad sameurveo sabWos wevrebis da direqtorebis, maT Soris

direqtorobis kandidatebisaTvis. winamdebare qvepunqtSi ganxilurlia swored es

da masTan dakavSirebuli sxva sakiTxebi.

gamokvlevis Sedegebis da skolis sabWoebis Sesaxeb arsebuli saerTaSoriso

literaturis mixedviT aSkaraa, rom saqarTvelos respublikis axladSeqmnil

daaxloebiT 2300 skolis sabWos esaWiroeba sakuTari funqciebis ganviTareba. nebismier

axal, gansakuTrebiT ki iseT kompleqsur organizacias, rogoric adgilobrivi

skolis sabWoa, esaWiroeba treiningi da sakuTari misiis, miznebis, politikisa da

procedurebis gaazreba saqmianobis efeqturad da yairaTianad SesrulebisaTvis,

aseve dabneulobisa da zedmeti konfliqtebis Tavidan asacileblad.

amrigad, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom am SedarebiT rTuli amocanas

Tavi rom gaarTvas, unda ganixilos sakiTxi _ rogor ganviTarda sxva qveynebSi

skolis sabWos sistemebisa da skolis sabWos organizaciebis modelebi. magaliTad,

bolo xanebSi makedoniaSi amoqmedda kanoni, romlis mixedviTac moxda yvela

skolis decentralizacia erT olqSi, ramac cxrawevriani skolis sabWoebis Seqmna

ganapiroba. maleve gairkva, rom saWiro iyo direqtorebisaTvis Caatrebuliyo

saswavlo kursi ara mxolod sabWos wevrebis rolis, aramed sabWos politikisa

da procedurebis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, aseve direqtorebis, skolebis misiisa da

moqmedebis Tanmimdevrobis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. asociaciam aseve Seqmna berketi

saministrosTan da sxva dainteresebul mxareTa jgufebTan ufro efeqturi

muSaobisTvis. kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli da saganmanaTleblo programebis

dagegmili meTodi dazustebuli ar iyo, magram gadawyvetili iyo, rom arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi mas Caatarebdnen axali asociaciis gadawyvetilebebis mixedviT.

sxvadasxva qveyanaSi (aSS-Si Sesabamisi modeli Statebis donezea) mravali skolis

sabWom Seqmna saxelmZRvaneloebi procedurebis Sesaxeb. es saxelZRvaneloebi

kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli xangrZlivi kursebisaTvis SegviZlia modelad

gamoviyenoT. SesaZlebelia gaerTianebuli samefos magaliTis gamoyeneba skolis

sabWoebis treningebTan dakavSirebiT imdenad, ramdenadac am qveyanaSi sameurveo

sabWoebis swavlebis mravalwliani praqtika arsebobs. garda swavlebis tradiciuli

didaqtikuri meTodebisa, arsebobs skolis sabWoebis daxmarebis sxva meTodebic.

es meTodebi emyareba aqtiuri swavlebis principebs, rasac upiratesobas

aniWebs saministro. magaliTad, aSS-s alabamas skolaSi, sabWos asociaciam

daiqirava konsultanti, romelmac skolas dauwera imitaciuri modeli sabWos

warmomadgenlebisaTvis. am modelis gamoyenebiT sabWos wevrebs SeuZliT iswavlon,

sakuTari pasuxismgeblobis farglebSi rogor gaarTvan Tavi sxvadasxva funqciasa

da problemebs. swavlebasTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi sakiTxia qvekomitetebis Seqmna

sakiTxebis Seswavlis da sabWosaTvis rekomendaciebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT. garda

amisa, bevr sabWos dawesebuli aqvs krebebi, romelzec mxolod saganmanaTleblo

informacia da ideebi ganixileba, rac xels uwyobs sabWos wevrebis mier maTTvis

ucnobi sakiTxebis ukeTesad Seswavlas.

unda gvaxsovdes, rom skolis direqtorebi kvalificiur adamianebad ar ibadebian,

isini kvalifikacias iZenen. imisaTvis, rom kvalifikacia SeiZinos, rTul Tanamdebobasa

da rolis efeqturad moergos, direqtors kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli kursebi

sWirdebaT. kvlavac, makedoniis magaliTi SegviZlia moviyvanoT. makedoniaSic


arsebobda msgavsi problema, rodesac yvela skola damoukidebel saolqo skolad

gardaiqmna. direqtorebi SeCveulni iyvnen swavlebis tradiciul didaqtikur meTodebs

da skolis marTvis avtoritarul midgomas. ganaTlebis ministrma daawesa moTxovna,

rom yvela direqtors unda hqonoda akademiuri xarisxi ganaTlebis sferoSi da

gavlili unda hqonoda sloveniis profesorTa da instruqtorTa mier Seqmnili

eqvsmoduliani programa. swavleba CautardaT ara mxolod moqmed direqtorebs,

rogorc es saqarTveloSia dagegmili, aramed sxva kvalificiur pirebsac, romlebsac

direqtorobaze hqondaT pretenzia.

amgvarad, makedoniam uzrunvelyo axali kadrebis Seqmna, romelic mudmivad

daikavebda Tanamdebobas. es, rogorc Sefasebis jgufisTvis gaxda cnobili,

saqarTveloSi arsebuli sistemis erT-erTi problemaa. makedoniis ganaTlebis

ministrma gadawyvita „Tavisufali bazris“ midgoma aerCia direqtorTa momavali

saswavlo kursebis an uwyveti profesiuli ganviTarebisadmi. am mizniT swavlebis

Catareba man arasamTavrobo organizaciebsa da universitetebs miando. es midgoma

sxva qveynebmac gamoiyenes.

aRniSnuli modelis naklovaneba is aris, rom igi swavlebisaTvis standartebis

dawesebas moiTxovs da ar uzrunvelyofs direqtorebisa da sabWoebis mudmivi

profesiuli ganviTarebis gaerTianebas. faqtiurad, garkveulma sameurveo sabWoebma

Sefasebis jgufs moaxsenes, rom direqtorebi sabWoebs xSirad upirispirdebodnen,

radgan, maTi azriT, sabWos uflebamosileba „Tavisuflebis institutis“ mier

Catarebul swavlebas emyareboda da oficialur politikas ar warmoadgenda.

direqtorTa swavlebis sloveniuri modeli gansxvavebuli modelia, romelic

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros SeuZlia gamoscados imis gaTvaliswinebiT,

rom msgavs qveynebSi, mTavrobis mier sanqcirebul erT provaiders SeuZlia saukeTesod

daakmayofilos direqtorebisa da sabWoebis (da savaraudod saganmanaTleblo

resurscentris zogierTi TanamSromlis) swavlebis saWiroebasTan dakavSirebuli

moTxovnebi.

Sefasebis jgufisaTvis cnobili gaxda, rom direqtoris winasamsaxureobrivi

swavleba SeiZleba uzrunvelyofil iyos profesiuli xarisxis an sertifikaciis,

rogorc marTvis xarisxis nawilis, saSualebiT. Sefasebis jgufs swavlebisaTvis

gansazRvruli programebi ar Seuswavlia, magram aRniSnavs, rom evropis qveynebis

umetesobasa da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis yvela StatSi skolis direqtorebisaTvis

wina-samsaxureobriv alternativebs Soris upirates models warmoadgens programa,

romlis dasrulebis Semdeg monawiles magistris xarisxi eniWeba.

5.3. rekomendaciebi damatebiTi kvlevisTvis

5.3.1. damatebiTi kvlevis sferoebi

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom mniSvnelovnad warmatebuli nabijebi

gadadga zogadi ganaTlebis sistemis gamarTulad muSaobis Camoyalibebis saqmeSi,

kerZod ki, saswavlo garemosa da swavlis procesis Sedegebis gaumjobesebis, sistemis

menejmentisa da dafinansebis sakiTxebSi. vinaidan saministros iniciativebis

umetesoba, romelTa Sefaseba moxda winamdebare kvlevis farglebSi, sul axlaxans

ganxorcielda, SesaZloa gatarebuli reformebis xelSesaxebi Sedegebi ramdenime

wlis Semdeg kidev ufro kargad gamoCndes. amdenad, winamdebare kvlevas sawyisi

Sefasebis statusi SeiZleba mieniWos ganxorcielebuli proeqtebis zogierT nawilSi.

msgavsi tipis kvlevis Catareba or-sam weliwadSi da misi Sedegebis Sedareba


winamdebare kvlevasTan mimdinare proeqtebis progresisa da naklovani mxareebis

ukeTesi Sefasebis saSualebas mogvcems. kerZod ki, kvlevis gameoreba rekomendebulia

skolebis menejmentis mniSvnelovan sferoebSi: saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis

SesaZleblobebi da muSaoba, skolebis mier biujetis marTva, sameurveo sabWoebis

da skolis direqtorebis muSaobis efeqturoba da yairaTianoba. aseve, dadebiTi da

uaryofiTi mxareebis regularuli gamovlenis mizniT unda gagrZeldes saswavlo

gegmebis pilotirebis da danergvis regularuli Sefaseba, imave principebiT, ra

principiTac amJamad aseT kvlevebs axorcielebs erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da

Sefasebis centri. winamdebare nawilSi ganxilulia kvelevis potenciuri sferoebi

raime Tanmimdevrobis miTiTebis gareSe.

erT-erTi prioritetuli sfero, romelic mimdinare kvlevis farglebSi ver daifara

drois simciris gamo, aris erovnul umciresobaTa regionebSi da konfliqtis zonebSi

arsebuli skolebis mdgomareobis Seswavla. evrokavSirSi gaerTianeba bevri qveynisTvis

dRemde damokidebuli iyo umciresobaTa jgufebisTvis ganaTlebis miRebis Tanaswori

SesaZleblobebis Seqmnaze. araoficialuri informaciis, aseve meorexarisxovani

kvlevis, msoflio banki da saministros mier mowodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad

es sakiTxi dReisTvis gadaWrili ar aris. rekomendebulia specialuri kvlevis

Catareba umciresobaTa skolebSi, romelic Seiswavlis reformebis mimdinareobas,

kerZod ki, skolis menejmentis da dafinansebis praqtikas, fizikur da saswavlo

garemos, saxelmZRvaneloebis xelmisawvdomobas da transportirebis sakiTxebs.

SesaZlebelia winamdebare kvlevis modelis saxiT gamoyeneba, rac gaaiolebs da

ekonomiurs gaxdis am prioritetuli sakiTxebis Seswavlas.

damatebiTi kvlevis kidev erTi ekonomiuri forma iqneba saministros mier

winamdebare kvlevis Sevseba saklaso dakvirvebebis da sxva saxis damatebiTi

monacemebis mogrovebis gziT. amgvaradDSesaZlebeli iqneba ufro detaluri kiTxvebis

dasma da meti niuansis garkveva.

vinaidan, am etapze skolebis konsolidacia jer kidev swrafi tempebiT mimdinareobs,

mosalodnelia damatebiTi problemebis warmoSoba moswavleebis transportirebasa

da maRalkontigentiani klasebis SeqmnasTan dakavSirebiT. aRniSnulma problemebma

SesaZloa uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdinos saswavlo garemoze da gaabaTilos

skolebis konsolidaciis dadebiTi mxareebi. amitomac, rekomendebulia umokles

vadebSi damatebiTi kvlevis Catareba, romelic Seafasebs skolebis konsolidaciis

potenciur dadebiT da uaryofiT Sedegebs da romlis Sedegadac dadgindeba ufro

mkafio, mxareebisTvis misaRebi da amave dros dadebiT Sedegze orientirebuli

konsolidaciis kriteriumebi.

winamdebare Sefasebis farglebSi raodenobriv kvlevaSi CarTuli iyvnen mxolod

maswavleblebi da direqtorebi. skolebis sameurveo sabWos fokus-jgufebSi

aseve monawileobden is mSoblebi, romlebic arian sabWos wevrebi. moswavleebSi

SesaZlebelia Catardes damatebiTi kvleva, romelic orientirebuli iqneba swavlebis

axal meTodebze da axal saswavlo gegmebze. moswavleTa gamokiTxva sxva sakiTxebis

Sefasebis kargi saSualebac iqneba, magaliTad, moswavleebis mier kompiuterebis

gamoyeneba, sainformacio teqnologiebis CarTuloba saswavlo procesSi, kerZo

repetitorTan swavlis praqtika da masStabebi da erovnuli gamocdebis adeqvaturoba.

mcire modifikaciebis Semdeg moswavleebis gamokiTxvaSi aseve SeiZleba gamoviyenoT

maswavleblebis mimarT dasmuli SekiTxvebi aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebis danergvasTan

dakavSirebiT. erT-erTi mwvave sakiTxi, romelic am Sefasebis farglebSi mxolod

zedapirulad iyo ganxiluli, aris kerZo gakveTilebis praqtika. rekomendebulia

kvlevis dagegmva, romlis mizanic iqneba moswavleebis kerZo mecadineobis praqtikis


Semcirebis SesaZleblobebis garkveva gansakuTrebiT maRal klasebSi, sadac

moswavleebi mxolod testebis Cabarebis mizniT swavloben. aseve saintereso

iqneba mSoblebis gamokiTxva rigi problemuri sakiTxebis garSemo. es sakiTxebi

SeiZleba iyos aqtiuri swavlebis mimarT damokidebuleba, moswavleebis daswreba,

saxelmZRvaneloebis xelmisawvdomoba, komunikacia skolis administraciasTan

da maswavleblebTan. yvela zemoT CamoTvlili sakiTxi seriozul Seswavlas da

Sesabamisad kvlevisTvis did dros da speqtrs moiTxovs.

vinaidan skolebSi ukve dainerga sakanonmdeblo da struqturuli cvlilebebi,

amjerad ukve mniSvnelovania sistemis mdgradobis SenarCuneba. rogorc ukve aRiniSna,

yvela mmarTvelobiTi danayofi saWiroebs dauyovnebliv treningebs. Sefasebis

dros gamoikveTa treningebis zogierTi sfero, Tumca aucilebelia gaxorcieldes

saWiroebaTa detaluri mokvleva, gansakuTrebiT ki sameurveo sabWos wevrebisTvis.

saWiroebaTa mokvleva mniSvnelovania imisda miuxedavad, gegmavs Tu ara saministro

erovnuli sabWoebis asociaciis Camoyalibebas, radgan am gziT SesaZlebeli iqneba

treningisTvis aucilebeli sferoebis gamovlena.

skolebs da maswavleblebs Soris aqtiuri kavSirebi umniSvnelovanesia swavlebis

da swavlis warmatebuli praqtikis dasanergad. skolebs da maswavleblebs

Soris TanamSromloba aseve mniSvnelovania skolis menejmentis TvalsazrisiT.

zogierT skolaSi mkvidrdeba warmatebuli magaliTebi, romlebsac kargi iqneba

Tu sxva skolebic gaecnobian. saintereso iqneba kvlevis Catareba skolebisa da

maswavleblebis TanamSromlobis sferoebisa da TanamSromlobisTvis xelsayreli

geografiuli regionebis dadgenis mizniT. Tuki am kvlevas garkveuli Tanxa daeTmoba,

SesaZlebeli iqneba kvlevis Sedegad im skolebis gamovlenac, romlebic raionSi

warmatebuli modelis rols iTamaSeben konkretul sferoebSi.

kvlevis farglebSi erT-erTi damafiqrebeli faqtori, romlis damatebiTi

Seswavlac rekomendebulia, aris is, rom maswavlebelTa 40%-is Tanaxmad maT ar

miuRiaT axali saxelmZRvaneloebi, maSin roca maT klasebSi isini ukve darigebuli

iyo. momdevno kvleva mcire masStabis Tvisobrivi kvleva SeiZleba iyos.

SesaZloa saWiro gaxdes skolebis fizikuri garemos damatebiTi Seswavla.

marTalia ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemis farglebSi grovdeba

monacemebi skolebSi arsebul materialuri bazis Sesaxeb, magram mainc arsebobs

rigi sakiTxebisa, rogoricaa magaliTad sanitaruli kvanZebis mdgomareoba, saklaso

oTaxebSi arsebuli avejis Sesabamisoba moswavleebis asakobriv jgufTan, ganaTebis

adekvaturoba, gakveTilis xangrZlivoba skolebi gaTbobisa da eleqtroenergis

uqonloba, romelTa ufro Rrma Seswavla aucilebelia.

kvlevis potenciuri sferoa ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis

funqcionirebis Seswavla. aRniSnuli sfero ar Sedioda Sefasebis am proeqtis

valdebulebaSi, magram miuxedvad amisa saganmanaTleblo resurscentrebis Seswavli-

sas didi dro daeTmo centrebs, skolebsa da ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio

sistemebs Soris urTierTobis ganxilvas. vinaidan ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio

sistemebs mniSvnelovani roli akisriaT efeqturi da codnaze dafuZnebuli

gadawyvetilebebis miRebis sakiTxSi, mxareebi fiqroben, rom umjobesia am etapzeve

iqnas Seswavlili sistemis Zlieri da susti mxareebi iseve, rogorc safrTxeebi da

SesaZleblobebi momavali saqmianobisTvis. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, msoflio bankis

mier gaweuli Zalisxmeva – Seiqmnas ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis

xarisxiani sistema – SesaZloa gabaTildes, Tu axlave ar moxdeba problemebis

analizi da maTi gadaWris gzebis gansazRvra. amasTanave, gamovlinda, rom ganaTlebis

politikis sferoSi saTanado gadawyvetilebebis misaRebad sakmarisi monacemebi


ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebSi ar moipoveba standartizebuli

da xelmisawvdomi saxiT. SesaZlebelia damatebiTi kvlevis Catareba monacemTa

Segrovebis da Senaxvis saWiroebebis prioritetul sferoebze. amisaTvis aucilebeli

ar iqneba farTomasStabiani kvlevis Catareba, Tumca monacemebis warmomadgenlobiTi

unda iyos.

amJamad, adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis roli skolebis menejmentSi minimumamdea

dayvanili, raTa uzrunvelyofili iyos skolebis biujetis xarjvis yairaTianoba

da gamWirvaloba da Tavidan aviciloT Tanxebis araswori gankargva adgilobrivi

mmarTvelobis moxeleebis mier. aRniSnuli cvlileba iyo saministros myari

gadawyvetileba msgavsi problemebis Tavidan asacileblad. miuxedavad imisa, rom

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis roli skolebis marTvaSi minimaluria,

mainc SesaZlebelia skolebis sasargeblod maTi CarTva raime formiT ganaTlebis

sistmaSi. saministros SeuZlia ganaxorcielos kvleva, raTa ganisazRvros adgilobrivi

mmarTvelobisTvis ganaTlebis sistemaSi CarTvis sferoebi. rekomendebulia skolisa

da adgilobrivi mmarTvelobebis TanamSromlebis sakiTxebSi saerTaSoriso

gamocdilebis Seswavla da maTi gaziareba. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT aucilebeli

ar iqneba farTomasStabiani kvlevis Catareba.

garda amisa, direqtorebis arCevnebis sistemis kvlevasTan erTad, saministros

SeuZlia gamoikvlios adgilobrivi Temis warmomadgenlebsa da direqtorebs Soris

kavSirebis arsebobis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi. winamdebare kvlevis Tanaxmad

aRniSnuli sakiTxi erT-erT farTod gavrcelebul problemad saxeldeboda.

adgilobrivi kavSirebis meSveobiT direqtorebs meti fondebis mozidva SeuZliaT.

Sefasebis jgufma moismina ramdenime konkretuli magaliTi aseTi faqtebisa.

Sefaseba ganxorcielda direqtorebis pirveli arCevnebis paralelurad, romlis

mTavari Zlieri da uaryofiTi mxareebi ganxilulia kvlevis Sesabamis TavSi.

rekomendebulia am sakiTxis damatebiTi da ufro sistemuri Seswavla direqtorebis

arCevnebis axali sistemis adekvaturobis Sesafaseblad da sistemis gaumjobesebis

gzebis gansasazRvrad. savaraudod, aRniSnuli kvleva did xarjebTan ar iqneba

dakavSirebuli.

fokus-jgufebSi monawile zogierTi maswavlebeli fiqrobs, rom axal

saxelmZRvaneloebSi Setanili masala rTulia maTi moswavleebisTvis. Tumca es

mosazreba mxolod nawilobriv dadasturda gamokiTxvis Sedegad. erovnuli saswavlo

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrs SeuZlia SearCios sxvadasxva sagnobrivi jgufebis

warmomadgeneli maswavleblebi da Caataros mciremasStabiani fokus-jgufebi am

sakiTxis gasarkvevad.

aseve aSkaraa grZelvadiani kvlevis saWiroeba. aucilebeli iqneba Sefasdes

swavlebis axali teqnikis gamoyenebis Sedegebi (rogoricaa aqtiuri swavleba).

Sedegebis gamoyeneba SesaZlebeli iqneba im maswavleblebis dasarwmuneblad,

romlebic moiTxoven argumentebs da kvlevis Sedegebis meTodis gamoyenebamde.

kvlevis meTodologia iqneba im klasebis da maswavleblebis warmomadgenlobiTi

raodenobis SerCeva, romlebic iyeneben axal meTodebs (saqarTvelos magaliTze

aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi). am kvlevis Sedegad gamovlindeba obieqturi mecnieruli

faqtebi saqarTvelos magaliTze, rac daarwmunebs am meTodebis mimarT skeptikurad

ganwyobil adamianebs mis upiratesobebSi Zvel meTodebTan SedarebiT.

aseve, roca srulyofilad Camoyalibdeba axali saswavlo gegmebi da daiwyeba maTi

gamoyeneba, saministrom da skolebma unda gansazRvron maTi efeqturoba. saqarTvelos

SemTxvevaSi, erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sefasebac amave principiT unda moxdes.

ganaTlebis sferos mkvlevarebi Tvlian, rom robert steikis Sefasebis modeli


kargad Seesabameba amerikis sxvadasxva Statis saswavlo programebis Sefasebis

miznebs. cxadia, Sefasebis sxva modelebsac warmatebulad iyeneben sxvadasxva sagnis

saswavlo programis Sesafaseblad. marTalia, erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da

Sefasebis centri ukve axorcielebs msgavs kvlevebs, Sefasebis jgufma ver daadgina

aRniSnuli kvlevebi miznad isaxavs Tu ara saswavlo gegmis Semdgom gadaxedvas da

cvlilebebis Setanas. Tu erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrs jer ar

daugegmavs saswavlo gegmebis gadaxedva da ganaxleba unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom es

procedurebi aucilebelia.

sertifikacia maswavleblebis kvalifikaciisa da profesionalizmis gaumjobesebis

gzaa da amerikis yvela StatSi da sxva mraval qveyanaSi gamoiyeneba. es sistema

awesebs im minimalur kriteriumebs maTTvis, visac surs maswavleblis profesiiT

dasaqmeba. vinaidan, saqarTveloSi igegmeba serTifikaciis programis danergva,

rekomendebulia, rom saministom garkveuli drois Semdeg Camoayalibos kvlevis

proeqti am iniciativis ganxorcielebis Sesafaseblad.

meTodologiuri rCevis saxiT aRvniSnavT, rom mezobeli qveynebis universitetebis

da umaRlesi ganaTlebis institutebis, iseve, rogorc skolebis da maTi administraciebis

Seswavla SesaZlebelia mcirebiujetiani kvleviT. universitetebs da ganaTlebis

profilis organizaciebs SeuZliaT kvlevis saxiT daxmareba gauwion saministros.

rekomendebulia, rom saministrom Sekribos TanamSromlebi am institutebidan da

gansazRvros kvlevis is sferoebi, romlebiTac saministro iqneba dainteresebuli.

Sefasebis jgufs aqvs informacia imis Sesaxeb, rom erovnuli saswavlo

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri da programa „irmis naxtomi“ gegmavs sainformacio

da satelekomunikacio teqnologiebis integrirebas saswavlo gegmebSi. Tumca,

Sefasebis jgufi fiqrobs, rom am iniciativis ganxorcielebisTvis yvela piroba

jer ar arsebobs, gansakuTrebiT Tu maswavleblebis kompiuterTan muSaobis codnas

gaviTvaliswinebT. momavalSi rekomendebulia am iniciativis Sedegebis Sefaseba.

5.3.2. damatebiTi monacemebis saWiroeba

aucilebelia skolebis danaxarjebis da Semosavlebis Sesaxeb detaluri

informaciis mogroveba gamWvirvalobis principebis dacviT. aseTi gziT informaciis

mogroveba gamoricxavs korufcias da zrdis angariSvaldebulebebs rogorc

adgilobriv, aseve erovnul doneze. aseve, sasargeblo iqneba skolebis finansuri

statusis Seswavla, skolebis tipebis Sedareba, regionebis da wlebis mixedviT.

unda aRiniSnos, rom am tipis monacemebis ararsebobam mniSvnelovnad SeuSala xeli

Sefasebis jgufis mier kvlevis saTanadod ganxorcielebas.

ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemebis dafuZneba dadebiTad fasdeba.

Tumca kvlevam gvaCvena, rom ganaTlebis politikis sferoSi mniSvnelovani

gadawyvetilebebis misaRebad saWiro monacemebi xelmisawvdomi ar aris. magaliTad,

saWiroa skolebidan monacemebis Segroveba moswavleTa daswrebis Sesaxeb, rac

gadaecema ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemas da monacemTa erTian bazaSi

Seinaxeba. am etapze ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistema agrovebs monacemebs

mxolod zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebidan. kargi iqneboda identuri monacemebis

Segroveba da Senaxva ganaTlebis marTvis sainformacio sistemaSi sxva doneebis

saganmanaTleblo erTeulebidanac (wina-saskolo ganaTleba, profesiuli ganaTleba,

umaRlesi ganaTleba). rekomendebulia damatebiTi kvlevis Catareba monacemTa

Segrovebis prioritetebis dasadgenad, ris Sedegadac Semcirdeba Sromis moculoba

sxvadasxva davalebebis Sesrulebisas.


danarTebi

danarTi a: SerCevis meTodologia

a.1 sawyisi SerCevis meTodologia

dajgufebis safuZvelze SerCevis gziT 66 raionidan SeirCa 20 raioni.

gamoiricxa is raionebi, romelic xuTze nakleb skolas aerTianebda, an ar iyo

xelmisawvdomi kvlevisaTvis konfliqturi regionis statusiT klasifikaciis gamo.

mestia, adgilmdebareobis gaTvaliswinebiT ar iqna CarTuli kvlevaSi, vinaidan

damkvirveblebisaTvis rTuli iqneboda transportireba monacemTa Sekrebis mizniT.

agreTve, kvlevam ar moicva eTnikuri umciresobebis oTxi raioni, vinaidan proeqtis

ganxorcielebisaTvis gansazRvruli dro masalebis Targmnis saSualebas ar

iZleoda. Sesabamisad, SeuZlebelia angariSSi warmodgenili informaciis ganzogadeba

mocemul raionebze. meore mxriv, samwuxaroa, aRniSnuli raionebis gamoTiSva kvlevis

procesidan, vinaidan arsebobs mosazreba, rom mocemul teritoriul erTeulebSi

SedarebiT mZime problemebi arsebobs.

SerCeva ganxorcielda stratifikaciis/daSrevebis meTodis safuZvelze, rac

gulisxmobs strataSi skolebis klasifikacias Semdegi monacemebis mixedviT: 1)

moswavleebis raodenoba; 2) moicavs, Tu ara regioni maRalmTian raions; 3) mocemul

arealSi konsolidirebuli skolebis raodenoba (minimum 5 an proporciulad

minimum 20%). angariSSi reprezentatiulobis TvalsazrisiT pirveli ori moTxovna

savaldebulos warmoadgens, xolo mesame marTvisa da finansebis qveTavSi aris

ganxiluli. didi raionebis da mTiani erTeulebis Sesabamisi dafarvis mizniT,

,,saskolo raioni” 17500-ze meti moswavliT da maRalmTiani raionebi gaTvaliswinebuli

iqna SerCevis modelSi. Semdeg raionebis klasifikacia ganxorcielda raionis doneze

moswavleebis sruli raodenobis gaTvaliswinebiT (implisituri stratifikacia).

21 raioni moicavda xuT, an met konsolidirebul skolas da cxra raionSi

skolebis 20%-is konsolidacia ukve ganxorcielebuli iyo mimdinare etapisaTvis.

kvlevisaTvis SeirCa Svidi raioni 5100 an naklebi moswavleebis raodenobiT, eqvsi

raioni 17500-ze meti moswavliT, sami maRalmTiani raionis skola da 18 raioni

konsolidirebuli skolebiT.

a.2 meore etapi

meore etapze, TiToeul raionSi SeirCa 5-8 skola damkvirveblebisaTvis

monacemTa Sesagroveblad. SerCeuli modeli moicavs xuT raions moswavleebis

saerTo raodenobiT 6000-ze naklebi, an maRalmTian raions; eqvs aramaRalmTiani

raions moswavleebis raodenobiT 6000-20000 da rva raions 20000-ze meti moswavlis

maCvenebliT. sawyis etapze kvlevisaTvis SerCeuli skolebis raodenoba Seadgens

110-s.

skolebi SeirCa im komponentebis Sewonvis safuZvelze, romelic kvlevis ZiriTadi

dainteresebis sagans warmoadgenda: konsolidirebuli skolebi, proeqti ,,irmis

naxtomi”, soflis skolebis biblioTekebis programa, saskolo qseli da a.S. Sewonvisas

gaTvaliswinebuli iqna skolebi sami sxvadasxva programuli komponentiT.

sxvadasxva saxis maswavlebelTa treningebi, xSirad mocemulia monacemTa bazaSi,

rogorc maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis iniciativebis nawili da SerCevis


modelis gansazRvrisas rTuli iyo maTi gamoyofa. mocemuli ganpirobebuli iyo

maswavleblebis sxvadasxva jgufebisaTvis gansxvavebuli treningis modulebis

ganxorcielebiT (maswavlebelTa trenerebis treningi; skolis-bazaze profesiuli

ganviTarebis treningebi 2002-05weli; axali saswavlo gegmis CarCoSi ganxorcieledbuli

treningebi sapilote skolebisaTvis da a.S). amasTanave, konsolidaciis Sedegad

rigma maswavleblebma Seicvales skola da Sesabamisad mocemuli faqtoris

gaTvaliswineba SerCevisas ararealistur Sedegebs warmoadgenda. SerCevis modeli

moicavs mxolod sajaro skolebs, vinaidan mocemul skolebSi ganxorcielda

proeqt ,,ilia WavWavaZis” farglebSi dagegmili iniciativebi. monacemebi kerZo da

araqarTulenovan skolebze kvlevis jgufisaTvis ar iyo xelmisawvdomi. SerCevis

modelSi, kerZo an araqarTulenovani skolas enacvleboda sajaro skola. mocemuli

SerCevis modelis stratifikacia TiToeul skolaSi programuli komponentebis

raodenobiT ganxorcielda, imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom SerCeuli skolebidan yovel

erTeulSi xorcieldeboda minimumim erTi/an arc erTi programuli elementi. kvlevis

ganxorcielebis procesSi gamovlinda, rom monacemTa bazaSi warmodgenilma xuTma

skola ganicada konsolidacia.

a3. SerCevis mesame etapi

bolo etapze ganisazRvra, rom rTuli iqneboda konkretuli maswavleblebis

SerCeva sagnobrivi, Tu sxva maxasiaTebeli niSnebiT kiTxvarebis Sesavsebad. miuxedavad

amisa, kvlevisTvis gansazRvruli drois CarCo yvela skolidan maswavleblebis

sruli raodenobis mier Sevsebuli kiTxvarebis procesirebis saSualebas ar

iZleoda. amitom, Sefasebis jgufma ganaxorciela xelmeore/post stratifikacia da

maswavleblis Sevsebuli kiTxvarebis SerCeva sagnobrivi specifikaciis mixedviT.

Semdeg SeirCa yvela maswavleblis kiTxvari skolebidan 19 an naklebi maswavlebliT,

yoveli mesame forma skolebidan 20-50 maswavlebliT da yoveli mexuTe - skolebidan

50 maswavlebliT.

saklaso oTaxis garemos SeswavlisaTvis, damkvirveblebi daeswrnen sxvadasxva

klasebs da sagnis sagakveTilo process. realisturi Sedegebis misaRebad, skolis

direqtorebi da maswavleblebi winaswar ar iyvnen gafrTxilebuli saklaso oTaxze

dakvirvebis Sesaxeb; amasTanave, skolebisaTvis miwodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad

damkvirveblebi umetesad saklaso oTaxis pirobebze axdendnen fokusirebas, vidre

sagakveTilo procesze.


danarTi b: monacemebi maswavlebelTa kiTxvarze 1

1. ra aris Tqveni asakobrivi jgufi?

30 wlis an ufro

axalgazrda

31 – 40 wlis

41 – 50 wlis

51 – 60 wlis

61+ an ufro metis

12 23 30 22 13 1415

2. ra gaqvT damTavrebuli?

saSualo umaRlesi

4 92 1404

3. sul ramdeni welia moRvaweobT maswavleblad?

5 weli an naklebi

6-10 weli 11-20 weli 21 weli an meti

12 12 28 48 1406

4. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romel klasebSi aswavliT?

1-4 5-6 7-9 10-12

29 44 62 44 1430

5. daaxloebiT ra sididis klasebs aswavliT?

15 an

moswavleebis

ufro mcire

raodenoba

16-24

moswavle

25-29

moswavle

30-34

moswavle

35-39

moswavle

40 an

ufro

meti

moswavle

32 44 26 10 4 1 1430


6. maswavlebels SesaZloa hqondes erTi an meti mizani moswavleebisaTvis SekiTxvebis

dasmisas. rodesac moswavleebs usvamT kiTxvas, ramdenad cdilobT Semdegi miznebis

miRwevas?

arasdros zogjer xSiradZalian xSirad an yovelTvis

amowmebT, icis Tu ara moswavlem zusti pasuxi

40 52 8 0 664

saSalebas aZlevT moswavleebs gamoxaton sakuTari mosazrebebi

0 5 47 47 684

xels uwyobT moswavleebs ganmarton da axsnan maT mier

mowodebuli pasuxebi0 8 41 51 676

7. gTxovT waikiTxoT TiToeuli mosazreba yuradRebiT da miuTiToT, ramdenad

eTanxmebiTYTiToeul mosazrebas. yoveli mosazrebis gaswvriv aRniSneT TqvenTvis misaRebi pasuxi.

sruliad veTanxmebi

veTanxmebiar

veTanxmebisruliad ar veTanxmebi

sagakveTilo procesi yvelaze efeqturia, rodesac maswavlebeli atarebs ZiriTadad

leqciis tipis gakveTils2 21 63 13 684

saukeTeso SemTxvevaa, rodesac moswavleebi davalebebs damoukideblad

asruleben. maswavlebels SeuZlia naTlad gansazRvros maTi codnis done.

30 64 3 3 697

maswavleblebi gacilebiT met codnas floben, vidre moswavleebi, amitom maT moswavleebs unda miawodon mxolod

informacia da faqtebi.

13 50 29 8 681

gakveTilebis mTavari Tema unda iyos problema, romlisTvisac moswavles

SeuZlia swori da konkretuli pasuxis gamonaxva

17 67 13 3 669

moswavleebi xSirad aferxeben gakveTilebis msvlelobas, rodesac

gakveTilis Sesaxeb saubroben erTmaneTSi7 35 50 8 689

maswavleblebis Sefaseba / SeniSvnebi moswavlis mier Sesrulebul samuSaoze

unda emsaxurebodes moswavlis motivaciis amaRlebas.

2 2 60 35 693


8. gTxovT gaixsenoT mimdinare saswavlo weli, is periodi rodesac klass acnobdiT axal

saswavlo masalas, miuTiTeT, ramdenad xSirad axorcielebdnen Tqveni moswavleebi Semdeg

qmedebebs.


TveSi 1-3 jer

xSiradZalian xSirad sul

moswavleebi usmenen da akeTeben CaniSvnebs gakveTilis msvlelobisas

13 55 12 20 680

moswavleebi aqtiurad monawileoben TanatolTa diskusiebSi da debatebSi

10 12 60 19 686

moswavleebi monawileoben proeqtebSi, romelic erT dReze meti grZeldeba

4 15 26 55 647

moswavle kiTxulobs Cumad 27 7 56 10 652

moswavleebi muSaoben mcire jgufebSi 11 18 58 12 666

moswavleebi awyoben saklaso prezentaciebs

19 29 41 10 669

moswavleebi muSaoben problematur sakiTxebze

21 21 50 8 666

moswavleebi monawileoben gakveTilis procesSi, sadac ZiriTadad maswavlebeli saubrobs.

23 9 58 10 671

9. ramdenad kargad xarT momzadebuli, rom sagani axali saswavlo gegmiT aswavloT?

saerTod ara mcired saTanadod Zalian kargad

1 11 77 12 703

10. rogor fiqrobT, axali saswavlo gegma zedmet Tavisuflebas gaZlevT, Zalian gzRudavT

Tu Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs?

zedmet Tavisuflebas gaZlevT

Zalian gzRudavTSeefereba Tqvens

moTxovnebs

12 7 82 690

11. rogor fiqrobT, axali saswavlo gegma Zalian bundovania, Zalian dakonkretebulia Tu

Seefereba Tqvens moTxovnebs?

Zalian bundovaniaZalian

dakonkretebulia

Seefereba Tqvens

moTxovnebs

17 14 69 693


12. Tqveni azriT ramdenad aZlevs skolas da maswavleblebs axali saswavlo

gegma arCevanis Tavisuflebas?

mcired saSualod metad

7 63 30 694

13 Tqveni azriT, moswavleebis romeli doneebis erTdroulad swavlebis saSualebas/uflebas

gaZlevT axali saswavlo programa.

ZiriTadad saSualo an Zlieri donis moswavleebis

ZiriTadad saSualo an susti donis moswavleebis

yvela donis moswavleebis

24 16 61 698

14. ramdenad SesaZlebelia axali saswavlo gegmis farglebSi aqtiuri swavleba?

saerTod ar aris SesaZlebeli

met-naklebad SesaZlebelia

SesaZlebelia

3 41 56 698

15. zogierTi maswavlebeli aqtiuri swavlebis meTods iyenebs TiTqmis yvela klasSi,

zogi ki saerTod ar iyenebs. Tqven ramden klasSi iyenebT aqtiuri swavlebis meTods?

arcerT klasSi ramdenime klasSi bevr klasSiTiTqmis yvela

klasSi

2 30 16 52 678

18. axali saswavlo gegmis wardgenis Semdeg, Tqvens skolaSi maswavleblebs Soris

TanamSromlobis xarisxi gaizarda, Semcirda Tu igive darCa?

gaizarda igive darCa Semcirda

58 38 4 695

19. Tqveni azriT axali 10 quliani Sefasebis sistema zedmetad farToa, imisaTvis rom

gamoyenebul iqnas Sefasebis instumentad.

diax ara ar vici

42 44 14 695


20 Tqveni azriT, aqtiuri swavlebisa da SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis miznebis ganxorcielebis

TvalsazrisiT Zveli saswavlo gegma ukeTesi iyo Tu axali?

axali ukeTesia daaxloebiT erTi da

igivea Zveli ukeTesi iyo

70 16 13 697

21. aris axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sesabamisi axali saxelmZRvaneloebi xelmisawvdomi

Tqveni klasisaTvis?

diax ara

57 43 695

22. aris Tqvens skolaSi biblioTeka an calke gamoyofili oTaxi moswavleebis saWiro

sakiTxavi wignebiTa da masalebiT?

diax ara ar vici N

77 19 4 702

23. Tu Tqvens skolaSi aris biblioTeka, aris iq wignebi, romlebic xels uwyobs axal

saswavlo programiT swavlebas?

ar aris biblioTeka

diaxnawilobriv

ara ar vici

24. Tu Tqvens skolaSi aris biblioTeka, ramdenad xSirad SedixarT biblioTekaSi da iyenebT

wignebs?

arasdros iSviaTad bevrjer

15 44 40 666

25. aZlevT Tqvens moswavleebs davalebebs, romelTa Sesasruleblad saxelmZRvanelos garda

sxva wignebis gamoyenebaa saWiro?

diax ara n

85 15 698


26. moswavleebis ra nawils ar aqvs axali saxelmZRvaneloebi Tqvens klasSi?

axali saxelmZRvaneloebi ar aris mzad im klasebisaTvis,

romelsac vaswavli

arcerTs an ramdenimes ar

aqvs

mcire raodearabas ar

aqvsbevrs ar aqvs n

11 10 53 26 669

27. ra sixSiriT iyenebT saxelmZRvaneloebs?

arcerT an ramdenime klasSi

mcire raodenobiT

klasSi

zogierT klasSi Cemi klasebis umravlesobaSi

3 8 8 82 673

28. ramdenad Sesabamisia axali saxelmZRvaneloebi aqtiuri swavlebisaTvis?

Seesabamebamet-naklebad Seesabameba

sruliad ar Seesabameba

55 42 3 682

29. ramdenad Seesabameba axali saxelmZRvaneloebi moswavleebis saSualo weris/kiTxvis dones?

moswavleTa unarebze dabalia

maTi Sesabamisia aRemateba ar maqvs pasuxi

7 61 13 19 682

30. xelmisawvdomia maswavlebelTa saxelmZRvaneloebi romlebic gawvdiT instruqciebs axali

masalis swavlebasTan dakavSirebiT?

diax ara n

56 44 690

31. ramdenad Seicavs maswavlebelTa saxelmZRvaneloebi SemoTavazebul gakveTilebis gegmebs

da aqtiuri swavlebisaTvis saWiro elementebs?

Zalian cotas ramdenic saWiroa sakmarisze metad ar maqvs pasuxi n

28 46 7 19 685

32. bolo 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi, Seicvala Tqven skolaSi swavleba axali saswavlo gegmis

ganxorcilebasTan dakavSirebiT?

diax ara ar vici

81 9 10 699


2. 33. ramdenad kargad xarT momzadebuli 10 quliani Sefasebis sistemiT sargeblobisaTvis?

Zalian kargad saSualod cudad

36 61 3 692

34. qvemoT CamoTvlili faqtorebidan romeli migaCniaT Tqveni swavlebis procesis xelis

SemSlel aspeqtad?

diax ara

monawileobis ar miReba treningebSi, romelic axal saswavlo meTodebiT swavlebas iTvaliswinebs

32 68 662

swavlebis axali meTodebi ar Seesabameba maswavlebelTa muSaobis praqtikas klasSi

56 44 626

gakveTilis dro ar aris sakmarisi swavlebis axali meTodebiT sargeblobisaTvis

56 44 646

piradad ar gamaCnia sakmarisi dro, rom praqtikulad daviwyo axali saswavlo meTodebis gamoyeneba

70 30 624

maswavlebelTa profesiuli treiningebis xarisxi, imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu rogor gamoviyearaT swavlebis axali meTodebi klasSi aradamakmayofilebelia

51 49 633

ar aris sakmarisi Tavisufleba saswavlo gegmaSi, imisaTvis rom ganaxorcielo swavlebis axali meTodebi

67 33 625

ar gamaCnia saWiro mowyobiloba, an masalebi 36 64 634

klasSi Zalian bevri moswavlea, an ar aris sakmarisi sivrce saklaso oTaxSi swavlebis axali meTodebiT sargeblobisaTvis

59 41 637

Cems skolaSi swavlebis axali meTodebiT muSaobisaTvis ar arsebobs Sesabamisi garemo

66 34 634


35. ramdenad xSirad gqondaT qvemoT warmodgenili profesiuli urTierTobebi/ganxilvebi

sxvadasxva sakiTxebze gasul wels?

arasodes an ar SemiZlia pasuxis gacema

iSviaTad

TveSi erTxel an an

ramdenjerme

minimum kviraSierTxel

msjeloba Tqveni kaTedris maswavleblebTan erTad, Tu rogor unda moxdes konkretuli sakiTxebis swavleba klasSi

7 28 52 13 681

moswavleebis proeqtebis ganxilva sxva maswavleblebTan erTad, an moswavleTa proeqtebis gaziareba

17 51 26 5 656

sakiTxebis ganxilva sxva skolebis maswavleblebTan saskolo qselis gamoyenebiT

29 55 14 2 648

diskusiebi/informaciis gacvla sxvadasxva skolebis maswavleblebTan ganaTlebis resurs-centris daxmarebiT

34 43 21 2 658

informaciis gaziareba sxva skolebis maswavleblebTan sxva saSualebebis gamoyenebiT

27 52 19 2 656

36. gTxovT, aRniSnoT profesiuli ganviTarebis is SesaZleblobebi, romelSic bolo 6 wlis

manZilze iyaviT CarTuli:

marTaliaar aris marTali

ar gamaCnia informacia profesiuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb, romelSic monawileobis miReba SemeZlo

31 69 651

bolo 6 wlis manZilze monawileoba ar mimiRia profesiuli ganviTarebis programaSi, an seminarSi

33 67 1119

gaviare maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treiningi(momaniWes treneris statusi) da vatarebdi treningebs maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi

27 73 6251

gaviare maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treiningi, romelic Cems skolaSi Catarda maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi

61 40 1047

CarTuli var/viyavi axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmis treningebis ciklSi

63 37 6411

ar gamaCnia informacia profesiuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb, romelSic monawileobis miReba SemeZlo

15 85 2951

bolo 6 wlis manZilze monawileoba ar mimiRia profesiuli ganviTarebis programaSi, an seminarSi

11 89 3301

gaviare maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningi(momaniWes treneris statusi) da vatarebdi treningebs maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi

13 86 3681

gaviare maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis treningi, romelic Cems skolaSi Catarda maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi

45 55 4151


37. Tu monawileoba migiRiaT gTxovT, miuTiToT Tu ramdenad eTanxmebiT TiToeul qvemoT

warmodgenil mosazrebas:

sruliad veTanxmebi

veTanxmebiar

veTanxmebisruliad ar veTanxmebi

meTodebi, romelsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi damexmara swavlebis xarisxis gaumjobesebaSi.

3 8 71 18 637

meTodebi, romelsac gavecani maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi damexmara moswavleebis swavlis donis gaumjobesebaSi.

5 9 72 15 630

im meTodebis daxmarebiT, romelsac maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis programis farglebSi gavecani, gakveTilis procesSi gaizarda moswavleebis CarTuloba.

2 8 71 18 634

38. gTxovT, upasuxoT Semdeg kiTxvebs im masalebTan dakavSirebiT, romelsac profesiuli

ganviTarebis donis asamaRleblad iRebT:

Zalian arasakmarisi

met-naklebad arasakmarisi

sakmarisisakmarisze

meti

ramdenad informatiuli/amomwuravia TqvenTvis mowodebuli aqtiuri swavlebis/jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis magaliTebi da nimuSebi.

9 37 52 1 657

ramdenad informatiulia/amomwuravia magaliTebi da nimuSebi, romlebic asaxaven rogor unda ganxorcieldes aqtiuri swavleba da axali saswavlo programa.

7 41 50 1 654


39. xarT skolis sameurveo sabWos wevri?

diaxara

15 85 553

40. gTxovT, upasuxoT mocemul SekiTxvebs, Tu brZandebiT sameurveo sabWos wevri:

diax araAar vici

TqvenTvis naTelia ra ufleba-movaleobebi gaqvT, rogorc sameurveo sabWos wevrs?

76 18 6 238

sameurveo sabWo kenWsyris safuZvelze iRebs gadawyvetilebas? 80 10 10 231

Tqveni azriT sameurveo sabWos Sexvedrebis sixSire sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyos skolis efeqturi marTva?

57 30 13 233

CagitardaT Tu ara treiningebi, sameurveo sabWos muSaobis Sesaxeb?

51 45 4 232

amomwuravi iyo is treiningebi? 38 43 19 195

sameurveo sabWos wevrebis arCevnebamde naTlad gaacno Tu ara direqtorma maswavleblebs arCevnebis procedura?

87 6 6 233

Tqveni azriT, sameurveo sabWos Sexvedrebze kenWisyris procedura demokratiulia da direqtori ar marTavs sabWos avtoritarulad?

64 23 13 229

arian Tqveni skolis sameurveo sabWoSi arasakmarisad aqtiuri wevrebi?

33 54 12 231

41. Tqveni azriT, ra warmoadgens sameurveo sabWos wevrebis pasiurobis mizezs?

ar ainteresebT

Zalian dakavebulebi

arian

Sors cxovroben

komunikaciis problema (ver axerxeben

dakavSirebas telefonis, internetis da a.S gamo

transportis xarjebi ar vici

21 17 4 4 2 52 305

42. romel sagnebs aswavliT?

sabunebismetyvelo sagnebs

maTematikas

humanitarul sagnebs (istoria,

literatura, xelovneba)

socialur mecnierebebs an enebs

sainformacio teqaralogiebs / kompiuterebi

dawyebiT klasebs

18 10 36 15 4 23 712*

*SeniSvna: procesirebis dros cdomilebis gamo, srulyofili Sedegebi araa xelmisawvdomi

yvela maswavlebelTan mimarTebaSi.


43. gTxovT miuTiToT Tqveni sqesi

mamrobiTi mdedrobiTi

16 84 1283

danarTi g: sixSireebi maswavlebelTa kiTxvarze 2 – SekiTxvebiromelic ar aris wamodgenili danarTSi b

6. 2005 wlis Semdeg Tqvens klasSi an klasebSi moswavleebis saSualo raodenoba

gaizarda/ Semcirda/ Tu igive darCa?

gaizardaigive darCa

Semcirda zogierT klasSi gaizarda da zogierTSi Semcirda

22 46 17 15 709

7. Tu Tqvens klasSi moswavleebis saSualo raodearaba Seicvala, iqonia aman raime

gavlena moswavleebis swavlaze?

klasis sidide ar Secvlila

moswavleebis swavlis xarisxi

gaumjobesda

gauaresda ar Secvlila

25 13 16 47 680

8. moswavleebi klasebSi gadanawilebulni arian maTi moswrebis mixedviT?

diax ara ar vici

8 86 6 701

9. Seicvala ukeTesobisken Tqveni moswavleebis yofaqceva?

gauaresda igive darCa gaumjobesda

40 18 42 712

10 moswavleebis ramdeni klasgareSe wre an klubi arsebobs Tqvens skolaSi?

ar vici arc erTi 1—4 5—10 10 da meti

19 15 52 14 0 699


11. rogor fiqrobT, Tqveni skolis moswavleebis saSualod ra raodenoba ver axerxebs

skolaSi mosvlas wvimian an Tovlian aminidSi?

Zalian cota cota mniSvnelovani nawili

48 40 12 712

12. Tqveni azriT, daaxloebiT ramdeni ujdeba weliwadSi erT moswavles kerZo

gakveTilebis miReba

saSualo larSi

593.6572 291

13. am wels ramdenjer moaxerxeT mSoblebis umetes nawilTan Sexvedra moswavleebis

akademiur moswrebasa Tu problemebze sasaubrod?

am wels verc erTxel

erTxel or-samjer metjer

3 5 39 53 708

14. gTxovT miuTiTeT ramdenad eTanxmebiT, an ar eTanxmebiT TiToeul mosazrebas

sruliad veTanxmebi

veTanxmebiar

veTanxmebi

sruliad ar

veTanxmebi

moswavleTa codnis done gaizarda bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi

36 51 7 6 692

me momwons Cemi profesia 1 43 56 0 695

Cveni skolis maswavleblebi iReben pedagogiur treinings, romelic maT sWirdebaT swavlebis da swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebis mizniT

6 54 37 2 697


15. aRniSneT Sesabamisi grafa, Tu Tqveni direqtori gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas

Sesabamis konsultaciebs / ganxilvebs awarmoebs skolis pedagogiur koleqtivTan.

diax ara n

skolisaTvis damatebiTi finansuri resursebis mosapoveblad nabijebis dagegmva da ganxorcieleba

78 22 659

finansuri resursebis gamoyenebis gzebi 79 20 637

maswavlebelTa Soris sagnebis da klasebis ganawileba

93 7 682

saswavlo sagnebisaTvis literaturis da damxmare saxelmZRvaneloebis SerCeva

88 12 668

maswavleblebis profesiuli ganviTareba (seminarebze, treningebze daswreba)

94 6 689

adgilobriv sazogadoebasTan TanamSromloba 86 11 656

16. aris Tqvens skolaSi maswavlebelTa jgufebi, an sagnobrivi kaTedrebi, romlebic

muSaoben skolis programaSi cvlilebebis Setanaze axali saswavlo programis

Sesabamisad.

diax ara ar vici

75 16 9 698

17. iyenebT Tu ara kompiuters skolis gareT?

diax ara

35 65 688

18. ramdenad xSirad SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT kompiuterebi skolaSi?

arasdrosweliwadSi erTxel

TveSi erTxel an ufro iSviaTad

ufro xSirad

vidre TveSi erTxel

skolis kompiuterul laboratoriaSi arsebuli kompiuterebi

42 8 18 33 609

skolaSi arsebuli interneti 70 6 9 14 527


19 gyavT skolaSi informaciuli menejeri?

diax ara ar vici

46 53 1 651

20 risTvis da ramdenad xSirad da ra SemTxvevaSi mimarTavT kompiuteruli teqnikis

gamoyenebas skolaSi?

arasdrosweliwadSi

erTxel

TveSi

erTxel

an ufro

iSviaTad

metjer

vidre

TveSi

erTxel

iyenebT skolaSi arsebul kompiuters, an internets, rogorc gakveTilis procesis erTerT Semadgenel komponents

70 5 17 9 619

kompiuteris gamoyenebiT beWdavT saswavlo masalebs 57 7 18 18 616

kompiuteris daxmarebiT adgenT testebs da davalebebs moswavleebisaTvis. 58 5 21 16 618

sargeblobT eleqtronuli fostiT profesiuli miznebisaTvis 83 4 9 4 598

iyenebT kompiuters an internets swavlebisaTvis saWiro masalebis mosapoveblad?

66 6 14 14 609

aZlevdiT davalebas moswavleebs, romlis Sesasruleblad maT kompiuteris gamoyeneba sWirdebodaT?

74 4 14 8 605

21 ra uSlis xels saswavlo praqtikaSi kompiuterebis gamoyenebas?

diax ara

kompiuteruli oTaxebis araxelmisawvdomoba 48 52 517

skolaSi internetis ar arseboba, an dabali siCqare 62 38 522

moswavleebisaTvis kompiuterebis simcire 67 33 490

kargad ar flobT kompiuteris moxmarebis wesebs 63 37 511

skolaSi informaciuli menejeri ver axerxebs saTanado mxardaWeras Tvens saswavlo programis momzadebasa da gakveTilis procesSi

49 51 442

kompiuteruli teqaralogiiT swavleba Tqveni sagnis specifikas ar Seesabameba

44 56 451

kompiuterebi Zalian Zvelia 22 78 416

kompiuteruli programebi araSesabamisia, an ar muSaobs gamarTulad.

32 68 409

skolaSi ar aris printerebi an garkveuli mizezebis gamo ar migiwvdebaT xeli

56 44 486


22. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gavlili gaqvT treiningebi `irmis naxtomis~ farglebSi, gTxovT,

upasuxoT Semdeg or SekiTxvas.

diax ara

gaumjobesda Tqveni swavlebis da swavlis procesi irmis naxtomis proeqtis farglebSi monawileobis Sedegad?

65 35 414

iRebT aqtiur monawileobas ,,irmis naxtomis” mier gamocxadebul konkursebSi?

45 55 405

23. ramdenad gaumjobesda Tqveni swavlis da swavlebis procesi irmis naxtomSi

monawileobis Semdeg?

mcired saSualod Zalian gaumjobesda

14 28 58 384

24. rogor SeafasebT Tqvens mier internetSi saganmanaTleblo masalebis moZiebis unars?

arc ise kargi saSualo Zalian kargi

14 36 49 443

25. Tqveni skola SeuerTda romelime sxva skolas Tqveni samuSao praqtikis

ganmavlobaSi? (mocemul kiTxvaze dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, gTxovT upasuxeT mis

Semdeg warmodgenil kiTxvebs. uaryofiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, gadadiT # 33 kiTxvaze.)

diax ara ar vici

21 74 04 501

26. skolebis Searabebis konsolidacia ganxorcielda, Tu mxolod adminimumiistraciuli

nawilis?

Searabis konsolidaciaadminimumiistraciuli nawilis konsolidacia

orive

19 47 33 202

27. skolebis konsolidaciis Semdeg mogixdaT Tu ara sacxovrebeli adgilis Secvla?

diax ara

5 95 248


28. giwevT Tu ara ufro meti manZilis gavla samsaxurSi misvlisas vidre

konsolidaciamde gadiodiT?

bevrad meti umniSvnelod meti igive

8 7 86 216

29. mTliaarabaSi gaumjobesda Tqveni sacxovrebeli pirobebi konsolidaciis gamo

sacxovrebeli adgilis Secvlis Sedegad? (ukeTesi saxli, eleqtroenergia, wyali,

gaTboba da a.S)

ar momiwia sacxovrebeli

adgilis Secvla

naklebad gaumjebesda

araferi Secvlila

ukeTesia

49 5 3 43 216

30. rogor fiqrobT, mTlianobaSi konsolidaciis Sedegad saswavlo garemo (saswavlo

masalebi, skolis aRWurva, moswavleebis damatebiTi saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli

samuSaoebi, a.S) Tqvens skolaSi gauaresda, Tu gaumjobesda?

Zalian gaumjobesda gaumjobesda gauaresda Zalian gauaresda

6 68 25 0 189

31 Seicvala Tqveni klasebis saSualo sidide skolebis konsolidaciis Sedegad?

ar SeicvalasaSualod klasebi mcire zomisaa

saSualod klasebi ufro didia

ar maqvs pasuxi

66 5 14 15 203

32. Tqveni azriT, konsolidaciis Sedegad klasSi moswavleTa raodenobis gazrdam

moswavleebis swavlaze uaryofiTi gavlena iqonia? (mag. moswavleebi naklebad

monawileoben sagakveTilo procesSi, naklebad yuradRebianebi arian, naklebad aqvT

saSualeba dasvan SekiTxvebi)?

Zalian uaryofiTiumniSvnelod uaryofiTi

ar aqvs uaryofiTi gavlena

15 29 55 185

33. mTlianobaSi rogor Sefasebas aZlevT skolebis decentralizaciis process/

skolisaTvis meti avtonomiis miniWebas?

Zalian dadebiTad dadebiTad uaryofiTad Zalian uaryofiTad

19 70 9 0 686


34. skolis marTvis gaumjobesebis mizniT agrovebs Tqveni skola damatebiT informacias

(informacia moswavleebis problemebze, akademiur moswrebaze, daswrebaze, saswavlo

gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul damatebiT samuSaoebze, maswavleblebis kvalifikaciebze)?

diax ara ar vici

83 05 12 702

35. arsebobs Tqvens skolaSi maswavleblebisaTvis skolis administarciis mier

informaciis miwodebis oficialuri da regularuli procedura, (mag: maswavleblebis

yovelkvireuli Sexvedrebi da a.S)?

diax ara

81 19 696

36. arsebobs Tqvens skolaSi mSoblebisaTvis skolis administraciis mier informaciis

miwodebis oficialuri da regularuli procedura (mag: mSoblebis yovelTviuri

Sexvedrebi da a.S)?

diax ara

81 19 693

37. eTanxmebiT Tu ara mosazrebas, rom Tqvens skolaSi maswavleblebs SesaZlebloba

aqvT gamoxaton TavianTi mosazrebebi skolis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT?

sruliad veTanxmebi nawilobriv veTanxmebi ar veTanxmebi n

60 34 7 703

38. gTxovT, upasuxeT Semdeg kiTxvebs:

diax ara ar vici

Aaqvs Tqven skolas strategiuli gegma da miznebi Camoyalibebuli?

80 4 16 685

Aaqvs Tqvens skolas samoqmedo gegma, romelic dafuZnebulia skolis gegmebsa da miznebze.

83 4 14 681

skolis administraciul personals (direqtori, sameurveo sabWo) rolebi da pasuxismgeblobebi naTlad aqvT ganawilebuli?

81 5 14 681

39. xarT skolis sameurveo sabWos wevri? (mocemul kiTxvaze uaryofiTi pasuxis

SemTxvevaSi gadadiT # 42 kiTxvaze)

diax ara

12 88 575


40. gTxovT, upasuxoT mocemul SekiTxvebs, Tu brZandebiT sameurveo sabWos wevri:

diax ara ar vici

TqvenTvis naTelia ra ufleba-movaleobebi gaqvT, rogorc sameurveo sabWos wevrs?

77 18 6 238

sameurveo sabWo kenWsyris safuZvelze iRebs gadawyvetilebas?

81 10 10 231

Tqveni azriT sameurveo sabWos Sexvedrebis sixSire sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyos skolis efeqturi marTva?

57 30 13 233

CagitardaT Tu ara treiningebi, sameurveo sabWos muSaobis Sesaxeb?

51 45 3 232

amomwuravi iyo is treiningebi? 38 43 19 195

sameurveo sabWos wevrebis arCevnebamde naTlad gaacara Tu ar direqtorma maswavleblebs arCevnebis procedura?

87 6 6 233

Tqveni azriT, sameurveo sabWos Sexvedrebze kenWisyris procedura demokratiulia da direqtori ar marTavs sabWos avtoritarulad?

64 23 13 229

arian Tqveni skolis sameurveo sabWoSi pasiuri wevrebi?

33 54 12 231

3. Tqveni azriT, ra warmoadgens sameurveo sabWos wevrebis pasiurobis mizezs?

ar ainteresebT

Zalian dakavebulebi

arian

Sors cxovroben

komunikaciis problema

transportis xarjebi

ar vici

42. gTxovT, yvelam upasuxeT Semdeg SekiTxvebs

diax ara ar vici

decentralizaciis Semdeg met monawileobas iRebT sabWoebisa da komitetebis muSaobaSi vidre decentalizaciamde iRebdiT?

39 44 18 571

Tqveni azriT direqtorebis arCevis axali procedura samarTliani da gamWvirvalea?

48 30 22 659

Tqveni azriT, direqtorebis arCevis axali procedura efeqturia?

46 29 24 649

Tqveni azriT aris Tu ara Tqveni regionis saganmanaTleblo resurs centri sakmarisad aqtiuri imisaTvis, rom xeli Seuwyos skolis marTvas da maswavleblebis profesiul ganviTarebas?

51 25 24 662

Tqveni azriT, regionis saganmanaTleblo resurs centris TanamSromlebs sakmarisi unarebi da codna gaaCniaT imisaTvis, rom xeli Seuwyon skolis marTvas da maswavleblebis profesiul ganviTarebas?

53 16 31 646


43. Tqveni azriT, Tqveni resurs centri aris sakmarisad aRWurvili imisaTvis, rom

uzrunvelyos Tqveni skolis maswavlebelTa saWiroebebi (laboratoriebi, saswavlo

masalebi, kompiuterebi)?

diax ara nawilobriv ar vici

15 28 34 24 696

44. ra saxis daxmareba gagiwiaT saganmanaTleblo resurs centrma piradad Tqven

profesiul ganviTarebaSi? (SesaZlebelia ramdenime pasuxi)

treningebiswavlebis

meTodologia

saswavlo masalebis

gaumjobeseba

aranairi

profesiuli

daxmareba ar

gauwevia

sxva n

45. Tqveni azriT saganmanaTleblo resurs centri ufro gexmarebaT vidre gamgeobis

ganaTlebis ganyofileba gvexmareboda?

bevrad metad mexmareba

metad gvexmareba

aranairi gansxvaveba

naklebad gvexmareba

bevrad naklebad gvexmareba

saerTod ar gvexmareba

18 29 29 14 3 6 666

danarTi d: sixSireebi direqtorTa kiTxvarebisaTvis

03. skolis adgilmdebareoba?

urbanuli soflis maRalmTiani

29 43 28 105

04. ramdeni maswavlebelia Tqvens skolaSi?

saSualo minimumi maqsimumi standarTuli gadaxra

35 8 131 29 106

05. ramdeni moswavlea Tqvens skolaSi?

saSualo minimumi maqsimumi standartuli gadaxra

298 13 1854 376 106

06. ramdeni administraciuli personalia Tqvens skolaSi?


4 1 12 1.5 105


07. konsolidirebulia Tqveni skola?

diax ara

19 81 106

09. aRniSnuli fizikur, Tu administraciul konsolidacias warmoadgenda?

fizikuri administraciuli

23 74 29

3. iRebs Tqveni skola mcirekontigentiani skolis subsidias?

fizikuri administraciuli

3� 69 �06

4. aris Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi biblioTeka, an oTaxi, sadac wignebi da saswavlo masalebi inaxeba?

diax ara

95 5 �06

5. aris Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi sportuli darbazi?

diax ara

62 38 �05

8. mogawodes Tu ara Tu ara informacia skolis marTvis procesSi Tqveni axali funqciebisa

da movaleobebis Sesaxeb?

diax ara

93 7 �03

9. rogor fiqrobT, ramdenad gesmiT, rogor Seicvala Tqveni funqciebi da movaleobebi?

sruliad nawilobriv ara ar vici

45 50 0 5 �05

10. Tqven da skolis administraciis sxva warmomadgenlebs CagitardaT treningebi axali

funqciebis Sesasruleblad saWiro codnisa da unar-Cvevebis misaRebad?

diax ara

47 53 �04


11. Tqveni azriT, aris direqtorebis arCevis axali procedura samarTliani da gamWirvale?

diax ara

88 �2 �03

12. rogor fiqrobT, direqtorebis gamocdisa da arCevis axali procedura ufro efeqturia

skolis ukeTesi marTvisaTvis vidre Zveli sistema (direqtorebis daniSvna)?

diax araar

gansxvavdeba

89 7 4 �02

13. miawoda Tu ara skolam sameurveo sabWos wevrebs oficialuri informacia sabWos

funqciebisa da uflebamosilebebis Sesaxeb?

diax ara

99 � �05

14. gaiares Tqveni skolis sameurveo sabWos wevrebma treningebis kursi?

diax ara

60 40 �04

14b. Tu CautardaT, rogor fiqrobT, momzadebis Sedegad SeZles maT meti wvlili

SeetanaT skolis efeqturad marTvaSi?

diax ara

9� 9 58

15. Tqveni azriT sameurveo sabWos arCevnebi samarTlianad Catarda?

diax ara

99 � �06

16. SegeqmnaT Tu ara rame problemebi sameurveo sabWos arCevnebis

Catarebisas?

diax ara

3 97 �06

17. ramdeni gadawyvetileba iqna miRebuli skolaSi sameurveo sabWos mier kenWisyris

meSveobiT mimdinare akademiur wels?

saSualo minimumi maqsimumi standarTuli gadaxra

5.4 0 �8 3.4 89


18. sameurveo sabWos Sexvedrebze kenWisyra zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi

dadgenili wesiT tardeba?

diax ara

99 � �03

19. sameurveo sabWos ramdeni Sexvedra Catarda Tqvens skolaSi weliwadSi mimdinare akdemiur

wels?


4.7 0 �5 2.5 98

21. ramdenad xSirad ayenebs samurveo sabWo iniciativebs saswavlo procesis gaumjobesebasTan

dakavSirebiT?

xSirad zogjer iSviaTad arasdros

42 44 �4 � �03

22. Tqveni skolis sameurveo sabWos romelime wevri arasakmarisad aqtiurad aris CarTuli

sabWos saqmianobaSi?

diax ara

40 60 �04

22 a Tu ki, Tqveni azriT, ras SeeZlo gamoewvia es?

ar ainteresebT

Zalian dakavebulebi

arian

Sors cxovroben

komunikaciis problema (ver axerxeben

dakavSirebas telefonis, internetis da a.S uqonlobis gamo)

transportis xarjebi

�� 23 4 2 2 106

23. sameurveo sabWoSi Seqmnilia Tu ara qve-komitetebi an sabWoebi?

diax ara

56 44 �04

24. aris Tqveni skolis sameurveo sabWoSi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis warmomadgeneli?

diax ara

29 72 �06


25. ramdenma mSobelma waradgina sakuTari kandidatura sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi? (Tu es

informacia ara gaqvT, hkiTxeT sxva TanamSromels)


8 3 35 4.3 98

26. ramdeni mSobelia sameurveo sabWos SemadgenlobaSi?

saSualo minimumi maqsimumi standaruli gadaxra

4 3 6 1.2 105

27. ramdenma mSobelma miiRo monawileoba sameurveo sabWoebis arCevnebSi?


149 3 1300 234 96

28. rogor fiqrobT, mSoblebi ganaTlebis reformis gatarebis Semdeg ukeT arian

informirebuli moswavleTa akademiuri warmatebebisa da problemebis Sesaxeb?

gacilebiT ukeT

garkveulwilad ukeT

iseve rogorc, adre uaresad

42 40 14 3 106

29. arsebobs Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi dadgenili procedura mSoblebisaTvis moswavleTa

akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb informaciis regularulad misawodeblad?

diax ara

95 5 104

30. arsebobs Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi dadgenili procedura mSoblebisaTvis skolis marTvis

Sesaxeb informaciis regularulad misawodeblad?

diax ara

73 27 96

31. grovdeba Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi sistematurad Semdegi saxis informacia da monacemebi:

moswavleTa akademiuri moswreba

moswavleTa gakveTilebze daswreba

moswavleTa problemebi

moswavleTa klasgareSe saqianoba

maswavlebelTa kvalifikacia

sxva

98 95 76 67 63 �06

32. arsebobs Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi kanoniT gansazRvruli komitetebisa da

sabWoebis garda, sxva komitetebi da sabWoebi?

diax ara

2 98 �03


33. ramdeni iyo Tqveni skolis mTliani danaxarji bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi

qvemoT mocemuli kategriebis mixedviT? (am SekiTxvas ar upasuxoT, Tu Tqveni skola

konsolidirebulia)

weli 2004 2005 2006

maswavleblis xelfasi 40,000 38,540 52,817

administraciulipersonalis xelfasebi 6,815 7,221 14,804

komunaluri xarjebi 2,535 2,769 2,869

kapitaluri xarjebi 515 937 2,199

sxva 6,212 5,223 7,742

34. Tqvens skolaSi regularulad grovdeba buRaltruli informacia da monacemebi,

romlebic dagexmarebaT Tqven da skolis administraciis sxva warmomadgenlebs saWiro

gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi?

diax ara

97 3 �03

35. gaqvT Tu ara buRaltruli monacemebi da informacia eleqtronuli saxiT?

diax ara

�3 87 �03

37. rogor awvdiT informacias skolis biujetis Sesaxeb maswavleblebsa da mSoblebs?

(SesaZlebelia ramdenime pasuxi)

mSobelTa kreba werilebi kedlis gazeTi ped. sabWo sxva

80 �0 2� 8� 20 �06

38. gyavT Tu ara skolaSi buRaltrul aRricxvaze da saqmiswarmoebaze pasuxismgebeli

TanamSromeli?

diax ara

94 6 �06

39. aqvs Tu ara skolas am miznebze dafuZnebuli yovelwliuri samoqmedo gegma?

diax ara

98 2 �05


40. aqvs Tu ara Tqvens skolas sakuTari strategiuli gegma da miznebi?

diax ara

95 5 �05

41. aris Tu ara skolaSi TanamSromeli, romelic pasuxismgebelia skolis fizikur

eqspluataciasa da Senaxvaze?

diax ara

8� �9 �03

42. aris Tu ara skolaSi kadrebis marTvis specialisti?

diax ara

�4 86 �03

43. aqvs Tu ara Tqvens skolas saskolo avtobusi an moswavleTa transportirebis

sxva saSualeba?

diax ara

6 94 �05

43a. Tuki gaqvT, iyenebT Tu ara mas?

diax ara

79 21 14

43b. Tu iyenebT, romeli wyarodan finansdeba misi eqspluataciis xarjebi?

finansdeba mSoblebis mier

finansdeba adgilobrivi mTavrobis mier

sxva

44. arian Tqvens skolaSi iseTi moswavleebi, romlebsac aqvs gakveTilebze dabali an

araregularuli daswreba skolaSi transportirebasTan dakavSirebuli siZneleebis gamo? Tu

arian, ramdeni?

diax ara

20 80 94

44a. arian Tqvens skolaSi iseTi moswavleebi, romlebsac aqvs gakveTilebze dabali an

araregularuli daswreba skolaSi transportirebasTan dakavSirebuli siZneleebis gamo? Tu

arian, ramdeni?


15.3 3 100 23.6 16


45. Tkveni azriT, sxva skolasTan konsolidacia daexmareba Tqvens skolas aRWurvilobis,

adamianuir resursebiT da swavlis xarisxis zrdis mxriv?

diax ara

21 79 91

46. aris romelime skola, romelTanac gsurT konsolidacia?

diax ara

9 91 97

47. kargad gesmiT, ra institucionaluri roli aqvs resurs centrebs skolebis

mxardaWeris TvalsazrisiT?

diax met-naklebad ara

94 6 0 104

48. zogadad resurscentrisagan ufro met mxardaWeras iRebT, vidre Zveli gamgeobis

ganaTlebis ganyofilebebisagan?

mets igives naklebs naklebsgacilebiT naklebs

aranair mxardaWeras

85 12 0 3 0 0 104

49. skolis marTvasTan dakavSirebul romel sakiTxebSi gexmarebaT/gamzadebT saganmanaTleblo

resurscentri (SesaZlebelia ramdenime pasuxi)

buRalteria monacemTa marTvasxva

biurokratiuli procedurebi

aranairi daxmareba

76 78 35 2 106

50. saswavlo garemos gaumjobesebasTan dakavSirebul romel sakiTxebSi gexmarebaT/gamzadebT

saganmanaTleblo resurscentri (SesaZlebelia ramdenime pasuxi)?

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis danergva

saswavlo masalebiT uzrunvelyofa

68 80 42 106

51. rogor fiqrobT, Tqveni resurs centri saTanadod aris aRWurvili imisaTvis, rom xeli

Seuwyos maswavleblebis profesiul ganviTarebas (magaliTad, laboratoriebi, saswavlo

masalebi, kompiuterebi)?

saTanadod saSualod arasaTanadod cudad

30 51 15 5 102


52. rogor fiqrobT, Tqveni regionis saganmanaTleblo resurscentri sakmaod aqtiuria da

SeZlebs, xeli Seuwyos skolebs marTvaSi da maswavleblebs profesiul ganviTarebaSi?

diax ara

97 3 102

53. rogor fiqrobT, Tqveni regionis saganmanaTleblo resurscentris TanamSromlebs

aqvT saTanado unar-Cvevebi da codna imisaTvis, rom xeli Seuwyon skolebs marTvaSi da

maswavleblebs profesiul ganviTarebaSi?

diax ara

99 1 102

54. iciT Tu ara, ra tipis informacia, rodis da rogor unda miawodos Tqvenma skolam

resurs centrs?

diax ara

99 0 105

55. droulad iTxovs resurscentri saWiro informacias skolebidan?

diax ara

99 0 103

56. mimdinare akademiuri wlis ganmavlobaSi ramdenjer miawodeT resurscentrs statistikuri

da sabuRaltro monacemebi Tqveni skolis Sesaxeb?


5.8 2 30 4.9 73

57. resurscentri dagexmaraT, mogamzadaT an konsultaciebi gagiwiaT skolis buRalteriis

marTvasTan dakavSirebiT? (Tu informacia ara gaqvT, hkiTxeT buRalters)

diax ara

91 9 99

59. gqoniaT Tu ara sirTuleebi resurscentrisaTvis monacemebis miwodebis dros?

diax ara

9 91 104

66. iyo Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi biblioTeka, an oTaxi, sadac wignebi da saswavlo masalebi

inaxeboda?

diax ara

94 6 24


67. iyo Tu ara aris Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi sportuli darbazi?

diax ara

81 19 24

68. iyo Tu ara Tqvens skolaSi samecniero laboratoria?

diax ara

19 81 22

69. rogor Seicvala Tqvens skolaSi materialuri resursebis raodenoba konsolidaciis Semdeg?

(daamateT sakuTari variantebi)

axla metia igiveaaxla

naklebia

wignebi biblioTekaSi 72 28 0 20

laboratoriuli aRWurviloba 9 91 0 18

sportuli inventari 19 81 0 18

71. amJamad ramdeni maswavlebeli aswavlis skolaSi ara sakuTari specialobiT? (miuTiTeT

raodenoba)

saSualo minimumi maqsimumistandartuli

gadaxra

7.6 0 74 16 20

72. ramdeni maswavlebeli aswavlida sagnebs ara sakuTari specialobiT TiToeul skolaSi

konsolidaciamde? (Tu ara iciT, hkiTxeT asistents)


gadaxra

skola 1 2.1 0 8 2.5 17

skola 2 0.8 0 4 1.2 17

skola 3 0.3 0 2 0.6 17

73. konsolidaciis Sedegad Tqveni skolidan, an im skolidan , romelic miuerTda Tqvens

skolas, gaaTavisufles, Tu ara maswavleblebi?

diax ara

27 73 20

74. ramdenad Seicvala maswavleblebis samuSao datvirTva skolebis konsolidaciis Semdeg?

mniSvnelovnad Semcirda

Semcirda ar Secvlila gaizardamniSvnelovnad

gaizarda

49 40 8 3 0 21


75. rogor fiqrobT, vauCeruli dafinansebis Taviseburebis gaTvaliswinebiT iyo Tu ara Tqveni

skolis konsolidacia kargi gadawyvetileba?

diax ara

konsolidacia vauCeruli dafinansebis

SemoRebamde moxda

pasuxi ar maqvs

49 40 8 3 22

76. Tqveni azriT, klasebSi moswavleTa raodenobis zrda uaryofiTad moqmedebs swavlebis

xarisxze?

Zalian uaryofiTad

garkveulwilad uaryofiTad

ar axdens gavlenas

garkveulwilad dadebiTad

Zalian dadebiTad

15 54 24 0 9 22

77. konsolidaciis Semdeg Tqvens skolaSi ufro meti klasgareSe programebia moswavleebisaTvis

(mag. kompiuteruli swavlebis kursebi, sportuli wreebi da a.S.)?

meti raodenobis programebiaigive raodenobis

programebianaklebi raodenobis

programebia

54 46 0 18

79. Tqveni azriT konsolidaciis Semdeg gaizarda TanamSromlobis xarisxi mSoblebsa da

skolas Soris?

gaizarda ar Secvlila Semcirda

33 67 0 23

80. rogor fiqrobT, vauCeruli dafinansebis Taviseburebis gaTvaliswinebiT iyo Tu ara Tqveni

skolis konsolidacia kargi gadawyvetileba?

diax ara

10 90 23

81. Tqveni azriT, konsolidaciis Semdeg rogor Seicvala Tqvens skolaSi Semdegi komponentebis

xarisxi? (SegiZliaT daamatoT sakuTari variantebi)

gaumjobesda igive darCa gauaresda

skolis marTva 73 27 0 20

saswavlo garemo 75 25 0 21

finansuri efeqturoba 46 26 28 20

fizikuri resursebi 40 53 7 19

kadrebi 42 37 21 19


82. TqvenTvis naTelia, rogor gamoiTvleba Tqveni skolisaTvis vauCerebis moculoba?

diax ara

95 5 102

83. rogor fiqrobT, vauCeruli dafinanseba moqnili sistemaa? gaZlevT saSualebas, Tanxebi

skolis saWiroebebis mixedviT gadaanawiloT?

diax ara

78 22 102

84. Rebulobs Tqveni skola TqvenTvis gamoyofili vauCeruli dafinansebis 100% am sistemis

SemoRebis dRidan?

diax ara

97 3 102

85. Tqveni skola droulad/dayovnebis gareSe iRebs vauCerul dafinansebas sistemis

SemoRebis dRidan?

diax ara

96 4 102

86. axali sistemis SemoRebis dRidan, Tqveni skola TanamSromlebze xelfasebs yovelTviurad

gascems?

diax ara

96 4 103

87. rogor fiqrobT, Tqveni skolis finansuri mdgomareoba gaumjobesda dafinansebis axali

sistemis SemoRebis Semdeg (vauCerul dafinansebas + mcirekontigentiani skolebisaTvis

gankuTvnili subsidiebi)?

mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda

gaumjobesdacotaTi

gaumjobesdaaranairad ar

gaumjobesebulagauaresda

11 31 21 30 7 31

88. ramdenad faravs skolis biujeti (vauCeruli dafinanseba + skolis mcire subsidiebi

+ Tanxebi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobidan) skolis Senoba-nagebobebis Senaxvis mimdinare

xarjebs?

mTlianad faravsumetes nawils

faravsdaaxloebiT

naxevars faravsmcire nawils faravs

saerTod ar faravs

24 23 5 31 18 67


89. arsebuli finansuri resursebi gamoyenebiT (maT Soris vauCeruli dafinanseba, mcire

skolis subsidiebi, Tanxebi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobidan, mSobelTa/Temis wvlili, iakob

gogebaSvili, donorebi), ra saxis saremonto samuSaoebi Cautarda skolas?

mTlianad gavaremonteT

umetesi nawili gavaremonteT

daaxloebiT naxevari

gavaremonteT

mcire nawili gavaremonteT

saerTod ar gagviremontebia

12 8 9 38 33 82

90. skolisaTvis gamoyofili Tanxebis garda, bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi Tu moiZia Tqvenma

skolam dafinansebis sxva wyaro?

diax ara

40 60 92

90a. Tu moiZia, ramdenjer SeitaneT ganacxadi Tanxebis mopovebis mizniT


gadaxra

3.6 1 10 2.1 35

90b. ramdenjer moipoveT Tanxebi?


gadaxra

2 0 5 1.4 36

90g. g. vis mimarTeT dafinansebis mosapoveblad (SesaZlebelia ramdenime pasuxi)

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis

organo

donori arasamTavrobo organizacia

kerZo kompania an piri

moswavleTa mSoblebi

sxva

24 12 6 5 5 106

91. Tqveni skolis ramdeni maswavlebeli eweva sxva saqmianobas damatebiTi Semosavlis miRebis

mizniT?

75%-ze meti 50-75% 25-50% 25%-naklebi

16 9 3 72 81

92. ramdenad xSirad utareben maswavleblebi kerZo gakveTilebs im moswavleebs, romlebsac

skolaSi aswavlian?

Zalian iSviaTad

iSviaTad xSirad Zalian xSirad

45 35 13 7 83


93. uxdis Tu ara Tqveni skola maswavleblebs xelfasze premialur danamats?

diax ara

37 63 102

93a. Tu uxdis, vin iRebs monawileobas am gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi? (SesaZlebelia

ramdenime pasuxi)

pedagogiuri sabWo sameurveo sabWosagarabrivi kaTedra

administraciuli personali

24 9 35 24 106

93b. ra aris premialuri danamatis maqsimaluri odenoba?

1-5% 6-10% 11-20% M20%-ze meti

26 11 19 44 40

93g. rogor fiqrobT, ramdenad zrdis premia maswavleblebis motivacias?

Zalian saSualod mcired ar zrdis

68 29 1 2 46

94. axali maswavleblis samsaxurSi miRebisas arsebobs Tu ara misi kvalifikaciebisa da

gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT kandidaturis ganxilvis procedura?

diax ara

90 5 106

94a. Tu aqvs, vin iRebs monawileobas ganxilvis procesSi? (SesaZlebelia

ramdenime pasuxi

direqtoridureqtorTa sabWoebi

sameurveo sabWo pedagogiuri sabWo

75 36 62 34 106

95. yvela maswavleblis xelfasi daTvlilia maswavleblebis xelfasis modelis gaTvaliswinebiT?

diax ara

98 2 106


96. ramdenma TanamSromelma datova skola bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi?

(miuTiTeT raodenobebi)


gadaxra

2006/2007 1.5 0 14 2.4 75

2005/2006 1.5 0 15 2.8 80

2004/2005 1.8 0 9 2.2 73

97. axali sistemis SemoRebis Semdeg, rogor Seicvala im maswavleblebis raodenoba,

romlebic skolidan wasvlis mizezad xelfass asaxeleben?

gaizarda ar Secvlila Semcirda

2 82 16 85

98. yvelaze metad ram ganapiroba TanamSromlebis skolidan wasvla mimdinare akademiuri

wlis ganmavlobaSi?

xelfasma qorwinebamojaxurma

problemebmapensiaSi gasvlam

sxva samsaxurSi gadasvlam

samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebam

8 11 22 25 19 14 106

99. rogor fiqrobT, axali saswavlo gegma upro metad uwyobs xels aqtiuri swavlebis da

SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis ganviTarebas, Tu Zveli?

Zveli gacilebiT

metad uwyobda xels

Zveli garkveulwilad metad uwyobda

xels

Zveli da axali saswavlo programa erTnairad

uwyobs xels

Zveli garkveulwilad metad uwyobda

xels

axali gacilebiT

metad uwyobda xels

1 0 0 57 40 106

100. axali erovnuli saswavlo gegmis farglebSi sTavazobs Tu ara Tqveni skola

moswavleebs sxva skolebisagan gansxvavebul programebs?

diax ara

44 53 106

101. ramdeni klasgareSe wrea Tqvens skolaSi?

0 �-3 4-9 �0-ze meti

13 54 26 1 106


101a. Tu aris aseTi klasgareSe RonisZiebebi da wreebi, maTze daswreba fasiania

moswavleebisaTvis Tqvens skolaSi?

ufasoaumniSvnelo Sesatania

zomieri fasi aqvs Zviria ar vici

60 6 7 0 0 83

102. maswavlebelTa ramdenma procentma gaiara treningi moswavleTa moswarebis SefasebaSi

axali meTodebis gamoyenebiT?

saSualod minimumi maqsimumi standartuli gadaxra

9.8 0.08 70 14.5 92

103. ramdenad daexmara maT es treningi?

Zalian daexmara daexmara ar daexmara

36 60 <1 106

104. rogor Seicvala moswavleTa disciplinasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi bolo wlebSi?

gaizarda igive darCa Semcirda

22 31 45 106

105. ramdenad xSirad acdenen Tqvens skolaSi maswavleblebi gakveTilebs?

Zalian xSirad xSirad iSviaTad arasdros

1 4 92 0 106

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