Post on 18-Jan-2020
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verbaluri nawili
analogiebi
am saxis davalebebSi mocemulia muqi SriftiT gamokveTili ori sityva (sawyisi
wyvili), romelTa mniSvnelobebs Soris arsebobs garkveuli mimarTeba. daadgineT, ra
saxisaa es mimarTeba.
savaraudo pasuxTa yovel variantSi mocemulia, aseve, mniSvnelobiT
urTierTdakavSirebuli sityvebis wyvili. airCieT maTgan is wyvili, romelSic
sityvaTa mniSvnelobebs Soris mimarTeba sawyis wyvilSi arsebuli mimarTebis
analogiuria. pasuxis arCevisas gaiTvaliswineT sityvaTa Tanmimdevroba wyvilebSi.
1. astronomi : ciuri sxeuli
(a) lirikosi : poezia
(b) iuristi : sarCeli
(g) lingvisti : ena
(d) komikosi : parodia
2. karnaxi : miniSneba
(a) kraxi : marcxi
(b) pasuxi : SekiTxva
(g) amocana : angariSi
(d) simRera : JReradoba
3. guli : gul-sisxlZarRvTa sistema
(a) xerxemali : Zvlis struqtura
(b) organizmi : ujredis struqtura
(g) Tavis tvini : nervuli sistema
(d) myesi : kunTovani sistema
4. qaris wisqvili : wyali
(a) avtomanqana : sawvavi
(b) wylis Txilamurebi : talRa
(g) qaRaldis TviTmfrinavi : haeri
(d) orTqlmavali : eleqtroenergia
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5. mTa : aisbergi
(a) mSenebeli : arqiteqtori
(b) mwerali : kompozitori
(g) kinomcodne : kritikosi
(d) memanqane : instruqtori
6. globaluri : lokaluri
(a) permanentuli : sistematuri
(b struqturuli : detaluri
(g) ekologiuri : kosmosuri
(d) spontanuri : dagegmili
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winadadebebis Sevseba
am saxis davalebebSi mocemulia winadadebebi, romlebSic ramdenime sityvaa
gamotovebuli. gamotovebuli sityvebi winadadebaSi xazebiT aris aRniSnuli.
erTi xazi zogjer erT sityvas gulisxmobs, zogjer ki _ ramdenimes.
savaraudo pasuxTa yovel variantSi mocemulia sityvaTa jgufi, romlis
nawilebi erTmaneTisgan daxrili xazebiTaa (/) gamijnuli. airCieT pasuxis is
varianti, romlis TiToeuli nawilis Tanmimdevrulad Casma Sesabamis
gamotovebul adgilebSi azrobrivad gamarTul winadadebas mogvcems.
7. fotografia imden _____ afiqsirebs, ramdenis SesaZleblobasac _____ iZleva, maSin, rodesac mxatvrobaSi sinamdvile _____ : zoma, forma Tu feri _____
gazviadebuli an Semcirebuli saxiT warmoCndes _ yvelaferi _____ .
(a) detals ver / teqnologia / maqsimaluri sizustiT aisaxeba / SesaZlebelia /
xelovanze rodia damokidebuli
(b) detals ver / Tavad fotografis ostatoba / maqsimaluri sizustiT aisaxeba /
SeuZlebelia / mxatvarzea damokidebuli
(g) detals / teqnologia / amgvari sizustiT ar aisaxeba / SesaZlebelia /
xelovanzea damokidebuli
(d) detals / Tavad fotografis ostatoba / amgvari sizustiT ar aisaxeba /
SeuZlebelia / mxatvarzea damokidebuli
8. esa Tu is cvlileba sxvadasxvagvar fsiqologiur zegavlenas axdens sxvadasxva tipis adamianze. mSiSarasTvis is _____ imis niSania, rom SeiZleba misi _____ .
optimists is axalisebs, rogorc imis niSani, rom SeiZleba _____ . xolo
misTvis, visac sakuTari Tavis rwmena _____ , cvlileba _____ wyaroa, miniSnebaa
imaze, rom _____ .
(a) imedismomcemia, radgan / mdgomareoba gamoswordes / misi saqme ukeTesad
wavides / ar aqvs / Tavis damSvidebis / mas SeuZlia, TviTon warmarTos
cxovreba ukeTesobisken
(b) safrTxea, radgan / saqme cudad wavides / yvelaferma ukeTesobisken qnas piri /
aqvs / STagonebis / mas SeuZlia, TviTon warmarTos cxovreba ukeTesobisken
(g) imedismomcemia, Tumca, / saqme cudadac wavides / misi mdgomareoba ar
gauaresdes / aqvs / imedgacruebis / is ver Secvlis verafers ukeTesobisken
(d) safrTxea, Tumca, / mdgomareoba gamoswordes / yvelaferma uaresobisken qnas
piri / ar aqvs / sasowarkveTis / is ver Secvlis verafers ukeTesobisken
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9. politikuri eqspertebis saqmianoba mniSvnelovnad Seicvala bolo wlebis
ganmavlobaSi: adre maTi ZiriTadi funqcia iyo mimdinare movlenebis ufro
farTo konteqstSi gaazreba, Tvalsazrisis gamoTqma _____ Sesaxeb. bolo dros ki
eqspertebi sul ufro _____ laparakoben imaze, _____ , da _____ msjeloben
imaze, _____ .
(a) ukve momxdari faqtebis / naklebad / rac ukve moxda / mets / Tu ra SeiZleba
moxdes momavalSi
(b) mosalodneli cvlilebebis / mets / Tu ra SeiZleba moxdes momavalSi /
naklebad / rac ukve moxda
(g) ukve momxdari faqtebis / meti sifrTxiliT / Tu ra SeiZleba moxdes
momavalSi / Tamamad / rac ukve moxda
(d) mosalodneli cvlilebebis / meti sifrTxiliT / rac ukve moxda / Tamamad /
Tu ra SeiZleba moxdes momavalSi
10. _____ , adamians imdenad farTo da miukerZoebeli goneba hqondes, rom _____ SeZlos mniSvnelovan sakiTxebSi swor poziciasTan miaxloeba _ aseT
SemTxvevebSi WeSmariteba mxolod _____ miiRweva.
(a) iSviaTia / sakuTari ZalebiT / mowinaaRmdegeTa kamaTis gziT
(b) SeuZlebelia / sxvebis daxmarebiT / sxvebTan dialogiT
(g) SesaZlebelia / sakuTari ZalebiT / mowinaaRmdegeTa kamaTis gziT
(d) mosalodnelia / sxvebis daxmarebiT / damoukidebeli ZalisxmeviT
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logika
am saxis davalebebi gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan monacemebisa da gamosatani
daskvnebis TvalsazrisiT. amitom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miaqcieT SekiTxvas,
romelic axlavs TiToeul davalebas, da mocemuli variantebidan airCieT
Sesabamisi pasuxi.
zogierT SekiTxvaze pasuxis gacemas gagiadvilebT monacemebis gamosaxva
naxazis formiT.
11. profesorma asistents sTxova, studentebis nawerebi Seemowmebina da, Tu
SefasebaTa umravlesoba aradamakmayofilebeli iqneboda, maTTvis damatebiTi
konsultaciebi Caetarebina.
qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romel SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba iTqvas, rom asistentma ar
Seasrula davaleba?
(a) asistentma Seamowma studentebis nawerebi da, radgan SefasebaTa umravlesoba
damakmayofilebeli aRmoCnda, aRar Caatara damatebiTi konsultaciebi
(b) asistentma Seamowma studentebis nawerebi da, Tumca, SefasebaTa umravlesoba
aradamakmayofilebeli aRmoCnda, aRar Caatara damatebiTi konsultaciebi
(g) asistentma Seamowma studentebis nawerebi da, radgan SefasebaTa umravlesoba
aradamakmayofilebeli aRmoCnda, Caatara damatebiTi konsultaciebi
(d) asistentma Seamowma studentebis nawerebi da, Tumca, SefasebaTa umravlesoba
damakmayofilebeli aRmoCnda, mainc Caatara damatebiTi konsultaciebi
12. WianWvelaWamia mcire zomis cxovelia, romelic erT dros Zalze
gavrcelebuli iyo avstraliaSi. Tumca, amJamad CanTosanTa es saxeoba gadaSenebis
pirasaa, rac, zogierTi ekologis azriT, ganpirobebulia adamianis mier am
egzotikuri cxovelis bunebrivi sacxovreblis ganadgurebiTa da masze intensiuri
nadirobiT.
qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli faqti ayenebs eWvqveS ekologTa am mosazrebas?
(a) avstraliis TiTqmis yvela im regionSi, romelSic gavrcelebulia CanTosanTa
es saxeoba, intensiuri qalaqTmSenebloba mimdinareobs
(b) CanTosanTa es saxeoba binadrobs adamianebis sacxovrebelTan axlos, isini ki
mudmivad afarToeben TavianTi fermebis teritorias axal-axali miwebis
aTvisebis gziT
(g) bolo wlebSi avstraliis mraval regionSi gansakuTrebiT imata meliebisa da
mtacebel frinvelTa ricxvma, romlebic ZiriTadad mcire zomis cxovelebze
nadiroben
(d) am mcire zomis CanTosan cxovelze sakmaod didi moTxovnaa msoflios mraval
zooparkSi, ris gamoc adgilobrivi monadireebi rac SeiZleba meti
WianWvelaWamias Sepyrobas cdiloben
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13. dedam bavSvebs _ makas, ninos, gios da daTunas _ saaxalwlo saCuqrebi
moumzada, lamazad SefuTa da naZvis xis garSemo wreze daawyo. erT-erTi
maTganisTvis mas SerCeuli aqvs xelTaTmanebi, erTisTvis _ maisuri, erTisTvis _
qudi, erTisTvis ki _ kaSne. garda amisa, cnobilia:
• giosTvis gankuTvnili saCuqari da maisuri gverdigverd awyvia.
• makasTvis gankuTvnili saCuqari kaSnesa da ninosTvis gankuTvnil saCuqars
Soris devs.
• xelTaTmanebi ar aris gankuTvnili makasTvis, kaSne ki ar aris gankuTvnili
giosTvis.
qvemoT mocemulTagan romel striqonSia sworad miTiTebuli, vis romeli
saCuqari aCuqa dedam?
xelTaTmanebi maisuri qudi kaSne
(a) daTunas ninos gios makas
(b) gios daTunas makas ninos
(g) makas gios daTunas ninos
(d) gios ninos makas daTunas
14. megobrebi italiaSi mogzaurobas gegmaven. erT-erTi maTgani ambobs:
• Tu wavalT veneciaSi, maSin wavalT milanSic, magram ver wavalT romSi.
meore ki pasuxobs:
• Tu wavalT milanSi, maSin romSi da florenciaSic unda wavideT.
Tu davuSvebT, rom orives naTqvami gamarTlda, maSin qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan
romelia SeuZlebeli?
(a) megobrebi wavidnen milanSi
(b) megobrebi wavidnen veneciaSi
(g) megobrebi wavidnen romSi
(d) megobrebi wavidnen florenciaSi
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wakiTxuli teqstis gaazreba
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT da gaiazreT teqsti. TiToeuli SekiTxvis savaraudo
pasuxebidan airCieT is varianti, romelic marTebulia mocemuli teqstis mixedviT.
kino da literatura specifikiT gansxvavebuli, magram funqciurad
monaTesave niSanTa sistemebia. niSanTa sistemebs, niSnis bunebas semiotika
Seiswavlis. sityvieri Tu kinematografiuli xelovneba warmoadgens mudmivad
cvalebad semiotikur sistemas, gansakuTrebul enas _ mxatvruli nawarmoebi
mkiTxvelsa Tu mayurebels `Tavis enaze~ Taviseburad esaubreba. RerZi da
Semkvreli mxatvruli nawarmoebisa aris simbolo, sityvieri _ literaturaSi da
vizualuri _ kinoSi. simboluri SeiZleba iyos mTeli nawarmoebi an konkretuli
mxatvruli saxe, aseve, nawarmoebis gmiri, magaliTad, don kixoti, hamleti, don
Juani. TiToeulma maTganma, didi xania, SeiZina simboluri mniSvneloba. mxatvruli simbolo aRniSnavs movlenas, sagansa Tu cnebas garkveuli
msgavsebis safuZvelze. am mimarTebis (msgavsebis) wvdoma mxatvruli warmosaxvis
meSveobiT ama Tu im Sinaarsis ganzogadebis Sedegad aris SesaZlebeli. xelovnebaSi
simbolo migviTiTebs iseT movlenaze, romlis erTmniSvnelovnad gamoxatva
SeuZlebelia. zogjer erTi simbolo gansxvavebul, urTierTsapirispiro movlenebs
aRniSnavs. magaliTad, mxatvrul azrovnebaSi wyali sicocxlis sawyisis, ganwmendis,
ganaxlebis, ganayofierebis simboloa. amave dros, wyals gamanadgureblis,
damangrevelis mniSvnelobac aqvs _ bibliuri warRvna walekavs yovelives, Tumca,
isev wylidan ibadeba axali sicocxle. mxatvruli simbolo movlenis (aRsaniSnis)
siRrmisken warmarTavs Cvens yuradRebas da mudam Riaa axali interpretaciisTvis.
literaturuli simbolos kinosimbolod gardasaxva literaturuli klasikis
ekranizaciis erT-erTi mTavari sirTulea. xSiria klasikis, magaliTad, homerosis
poemebis, tolstois romanebis, ilia WavWavaZis moTxrobebis da sxvaTa ekranizaciis
cdebi, magram iSviaTia, rom literaturuli klasikis safuZvelze kinoklasika
Seiqmnas da ara _ didi qmnilebis mkvdari reproduqcia. Tumca, magaliTad, lukino
viskonti filmiT `sikvdili veneciaSi~ (Tomas manis amave saxelwodebis moTxrobis
mixedviT) axerxebs, gaemijnos Tavis literaturul pirvelwyaros da Seqmnas sruliad
axali struqturis mqone mxatvruli simbolo. Tomas manis moTxrobaSi mniSvnelovani
epizodia `dionisuri sizmari~: igi mTavari personaJis mier sakuTari warsulis
uaryofaze migvaniSnebs, magram reJisori Tavs aridebs mis ekranizacias, amjobinebs,
sizmris epizodi Secvalos epizodiT `fiasko koncertze~ da amiT gamoxatos
personaJis gancdaTa simZafre. amgvarad, reJisori literaturul simbolikas kinos
Sesabamisad ucvlis saxes. Tumca, zogierTi literaturuli simbolo Sinaarsisa da
formis sruli SenarCunebiT gadmoaqvs ekranze, magaliTad, qviSis saaTi,
amotivtivebuli bavSvobis mogonebebidan, moxetiale musikosebi da sxv.
nawarmoebis dasawyisSive Tomas mani warmogvidgens saxelmoxveWil mwerals,
gustav aSenbaxs. saxeli `gustavi~ ar aris SemTxveviTi. mkvlevarTa azriT, Tomas
manma is kompozitor gustav maleris saxelis analogiiT SearCia da viskontis
filmic maleris musikis CarCoSia moqceuli. mwerlis personaJic filmSi
Secvlilia kompozitoriT. filmis teqstSi uxvadaa CarTuli siuJeturi
komponentebi Tomas manis sxva romanebidan, Semoyvanilia axali personaJi,
moqmedeba viTardeba da mTavrdeba zRvis fonze, romelic mogvagonebs manis
adreul moTxrobas `sikvdili~. filmi `sikvdili veneciaSi~ aris mogzauroba
Tomas manis samyaroSi. lukino viskontim manis epikuri novelis ekranuli
Txrobisas zedmiwevniT zustad gamoxata misi Sinaarsi.
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15. teqstSi fraza _ `sityvieri Tu kinematografiuli xelovneba warmoadgens mudmivad cvalebad semiotikur sistemas~ _ migvaniSnebs, rom:
(a) kino da literatura funqciurad monaTesave niSanTa sistemebia, Sesabamisad,
TiToeuls gansakuTrebuli sasaubro ena aqvs: kinos _ vizualuri,
literaturas ki _ sityvieri
(b) yoveli mxatvruli nawarmoebi Taviseburad, misTvis damaxasiaTebeli mxatvruli
Tu gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebebiT gadmogvcems saTqmels
(g) simbolo sityvieric SeiZleba iyos da vizualuric, Sesabamisad, literaturasa
da kinoSi es ori saxe mudmivad enacvleba erTmaneTs
(d) mxatvruli nawarmoebis yovel personaJs simboluri mniSvneloba eniWeba,
Sesabamisad, mxatvrul simboloTa mravalferovneba qmnis sxvadasxva sasaubro
enas
16. ra mizniTaa CarTuli teqstSi informacia wylis simbolikis Sesaxeb?
(a) vecnobiT mxatvruli simbolos bunebas: is mniSvnelobiT garkveulwilad
ukavSirdeba aRsaniSns, sxvadasxva konteqstSi SesaZlebelia misi gansxvavebuli
interpretirebac
(b) vecnobiT mxatvruli simbolos bunebas: is mxatvruli warmosaxvis Sedegia da
srulad, amomwuravad axasiaTebs aRsaniSns
(g) ikveTeba mxatvruli simbolos mniSvneloba: is xdeba RerZi da Semkvreli
mxatvruli nawarmoebisa da yovelTvis urTierTsapirispiro cnebebs aRniSnavs
(d) ikveTeba mxatvruli simbolos mniSvneloba: is literaturasa Tu
kinoxelovnebaSi amkvidrebs iseT saxe-simboloebs, rogorebicaa, magaliTad,
don kixoti, hamleti, don Juani da sxv.
17. literaturuli klasikis safuZvelze iSviaTad iqmneba kinoklasika. amis
ZiriTadi mizezi, teqstis mixedviT, is aris, rom:
(a) reJisori literaturul simbolikas kinematografiis specifikis
gaTvaliswinebiT ucvlis saxes
(b) reJisori ejaWveba literaturul pirvelwyaros, cdilobs, ucvlelad
gadmoitanos misi detalebi
(g) reJisori iviwyebs pirvelwyaros da qmnis sruliad axali struqturis mqone
mxatvrul simbolos
(d) reJisori zedmiwevniT zustad ver imeorebs nawarmoebis siuJets, mxatvrul
detalebs
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18. teqstSi aRwerilia literaturuli nawarmoebis ekranizaciis lukino
viskontiseuli xelwera. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romel konkretul principze
ar aris saubari teqstSi?
(a) reJisori literaturul simbolos cvlis kinosimboloTi
(b) reJisori emijneba literaturul pirvelwyaros da qmnis axali struqturis
mqone mxatvrul simbolos
(g) reJisori Tavisuflad ekideba nawarmoebis siuJets da sakuTari amocanis
Sesabamisad cvlis epizodebs
(d) reJisori filmSi rTavs cnobil epizodebs nawarmoebis avtoris biografiidan
19. bolo abzacSi vkiTxulobT: `viskontis filmi maleris musikis CarCoSia
moqceuli~. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im faqtsac, rom filmi iwyeba da mTavrdeba
gustav maleris V simfoniiT, SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom:
(a) filmSi ar ismis maleris garda arc erTi sxva kompozitoris musika
(b) filmi marTlac maleris musikis CarCoSia moqceuli, am sityvis pirdapiri
mniSvnelobiT
(g) Tomas mani STagonebuli iyo maleris musikiT da viskontis surda, es
eCvenebina
(d) Tomas manis moTxrobis mTavari personaJis prototipi gustav maleri iyo
20. Tengiz abulaZem gadaiRo mxatvruli filmi `natvris xe~ giorgi leoniZis amave saxelwodebis moTxrobaTa krebulis mixedviT, romelSic mwerali
bavSvobisdroindel ambebs ixsenebs, gvixatavs garemos, romelSic gaizarda,
moTxrobebis personaJebad aqcevs misTvis axlobel adamianebs.
Tengiz abulaZe sxvadasxva moTxrobis (`fufala~, `cicikore~, `marita~ da
sxv.) gmirebis ambebs amTlianebs, Semohyavs axali personaJebi, cvlis bevr epizods.
magaliTad, moTxrobaSi soflisgan gariyuli marita dardiT kvdeba, filmSi ki
mas sastiki brbo uswordeba. Tumca, filmSi SenarCunebulia leoniZis
nawarmoebis ZiriTadi azrobrivi xazi.
literaturuli nawarmoebis ekranizaciis principebis TvalsazrisiT, ra
paralelebze SeiZleba saubari viskontisa da abulaZis filmebs Soris?
(a) uamravi cvlilebis miuxedavad, orive filmSi zustad aris gadmocemuli
mwerlis samyaro da suliskveTeba
(b) viskonti ekranizaciisTvis irCevs manis erT nawarmoebs, sxva nawarmoebebs ki
damxmare saSualebebad iyenebs. abulaZe ki ramdenime moTxrobas Tanabari
datvirTviT iyenebs
(g) orive reJisori Tavs aridebs mwerlis SemoqmedebiTi Taviseburebebis
gamosaxatavad vizualuri efeqtebis gamoyenebas
(d) mTavari personaJis tragizmis gamosaxatavad viskonti iyenebs originalur
simbolos, abulaZe ki imeorebs mwerliseul mxatvrul xerxebs
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analogiebi
am saxis davalebebSi mocemulia muqi SriftiT gamokveTili ori sityva (sawyisi
wyvili), romelTa mniSvnelobebs Soris arsebobs garkveuli mimarTeba. maT gaswvriv
mocemulia sityva, romelsac savaraudo pasuxebidan unda SeusabamoT erT-erTi
varianti, ise, rom sityvaTa mniSvnelobebs Soris mimarTeba sawyis wyvilSi
arsebuli mimarTebis analogiuri iyos.
21. viTom : TiTqos miuxedavad amisa :
(a) radgan
(b) Tumca
(g) Torem
(d) amitom
22. rgavs : krefs msjelobs :
(a) ikvlevs
(b) asabuTebs
(g) askvnis
(d) kamaTobs
23. zavi : piroba konsensusi :
(a) daTmoba
(b) dapireba
(g) winaaRmdegoba
(d) moTxovna
24. adaptacia : garemosTan Segueba asimilacia :
(a) gadagvareba
(b) gaucxoeba
(g) damsgavseba
(d) daSoreba
25. wyali : sarke mdinaris foni :
(a) xidi
(b) CanCqeri
(g) kaSxali
(d) morevi
26. kaleidoskopi : erTferovneba rituali :
(a) Tanmimdevroba
(b) stabiluroba
(g) Tavisebureba
(d) siaxle
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winadadebebis Sevseba
am saxis davalebebSi mocemulia winadadebebi, romlebSic ramdenime sityvaa
gamotovebuli. gamotovebuli sityvebi winadadebaSi xazebiT aris aRniSnuli.
erTi xazi zogjer erT sityvas gulisxmobs, zogjer ki _ ramdenimes.
savaraudo pasuxTa yovel variantSi mocemulia sityvaTa jgufi, romlis
nawilebi erTmaneTisgan daxrili xazebiTaa (/) gamijnuli. airCieT pasuxis is
varianti, romlis TiToeuli nawilis Tanmimdevrulad Casma Sesabamis
gamotovebul adgilebSi azrobrivad gamarTul winadadebas mogvcems.
27. axlo aRmosavleTi mdebareobs `Zveli samyaros~ SuagulSi. _____ , pirdapiri manZili iranidan Soreul aRmosavleTamde, dasavleT evropamde da samxreT
afrikamde _____ , Tumca, rukis masStabis gamoyenebiT gazomilma manZilma
SeiZleba Segvacdinos, radgan, _____ , satransporto komunikaciisaTvis umoklesi
manZili _____ .
(a) marTalia / Tanabari ar aris / geometriis msgavsad / aris swori xazi
(b) Sesabamisad / Tanabari unda iyos / geometriis msgavsad / yovelTvis ar aris
swori xazi
(g) marTlac / TiTqmis Tanabaria / geometriisgan gansxvavebiT / yovelTvis ar
aris swori xazi
(d) miuxedavad amisa / araTanabaria / geometriisgan gansxvavebiT / aris swori
xazi
28. xelovnebaSi verasodes iqneba originaluri is, vinc _____ . xolo is, vinc _____ Tqmas cdilobs, ise, rom ar dardobs imaze, Tu ramdenad _____ , aTi
SemTxvevidan cxraSi raRacas _____ ityvis, Tumca, SeiZleba verc ki
gaacnobieros es.
(a) originalurobas ar eswrafvis / marTlac raime uCveulos / misaRebi iqneba
misi azri sxvebisaTvis / srulebiT banalurs
(b) originalurobas eswrafvis / ubralod WeSmaritebis / xSirad uTqvamT is
adrec / marTlac originalurs
(g) banalurobas gaurbis / raRac originaluris / xSirad uTqvamT is adrec /
srulebiT banalurs
(d) banalurobas ar gaurbis / yvelasTvis cnobili WeSmaritebis / misaRebi iqneba
misi azri sxvebisaTvis / marTlac originalurs
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29. ucnauria, rom zogierTi moazrovne _____ miiCnevs adamianebis bunebiT
Tanasworobas, rom _____ maT movaleobas, uyvardeT erTmaneTi; _____ erTmaneTis
winaSe adamianTa valdebulebebi, samarTlianobisa da Rirseuli qcevis wesebi.
(a) imdenad iluzorul idead / ar aRiarebs arc / Sesabamisad, am ukanasknelidan
gamohyavs
(b) ise TavisTavad cxadad da ueWvelad / masze afuZnebs / xolo am
ukanasknelidan gamohyavs
(g) imdenad iluzorul idead / masze ver afuZnebs / Sesabamisad, masze
damokidebulad miaCnia
(d) ise TavisTavad cxadad da ueWvelad / mis safuZvlad aRiarebs / xolo masze
damokidebulad miaCnia
30. televizias erTdroulad or rameSi sdeben brals da, _____ , erTi da igive adamianebi: erTi, rom _____ , Secvalos samyaro; meorec, rom _____ .
(a) bunebrivia / is ar cdilobs / misi mcdelobiT samyaro dRiTi dRe uaresi
xdeba
(b) rac marTlac ucnauria / mas SeuZlia / is ar cdilobs, ukeTesobisken
Secvalos samyaro
(g) rac marTlac ucnauria / is uZluria / misi gamoisobiT samyaro dRiTi dRe
uaresi xdeba
(d) bunebrivia / is cdilobs / misi mcdelobis miuxedavad, samyaro ukeTesobisken
ar icvleba
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logika
am saxis davalebebi gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan monacemebisa da gamosatani
daskvnebis TvalsazrisiT. amitom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miaqcieT SekiTxvas,
romelic axlavs TiToeul davalebas, da mocemuli variantebidan airCieT
Sesabamisi pasuxi.
zogierT SekiTxvaze pasuxis gacemas gagiadvilebT monacemebis gamosaxva
naxazis formiT.
31. TamaSis wesebis Tanaxmad, xuTi bavSvidan erT-erTma raime unda daxatos, erT-erTma ki gamoicnos, vinaa naxatis avtori. iraklis unda gamoecno naxatis
avtoris vinaoba. kiTxvaze – vin daxata es saxli? – bavSvebma upasuxes: daTuna: Tikom an likam.
Tiko: me davxate.
giga: likam.
lika: daTunam.
vin aris naxatis avtori, Tuki bavSvebidan mxolod erTi ambobs simarTles?
(a) giga
(b) Tiko
(g) lika
(d) daTuna
32. Sotlandiis CrdiloeTSi aRmoCenil erT-erT uZveles sacxovrebel
kompleqsSi, skara breiSi, sacxovrebeli saxlebis Sesasvlelis orive mxares dgas
qvis sawoli: ufro didi _ Sesasvlelis marjvniv, momcro ki _ marcxniv. vinaidan
CrdiloeT Sotlandiis am mxareSi dResac arsebobs tradicia, romlis mixedviTac
mamakacebs ufro did sawolebze sZinavT, vidre _ maT colebs, mkvlevarma
ivarauda, rom skara breiSi marjvena sawoli qmrisTvis iyo gankuTvnili, xolo
marcxena _ colisTvis.
qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli viTareba daayenebda eWvqveS mkvlevris varauds?
(a) gaTxrebis Sedegad dadasturda, rom skara breis mcxovrebTa socialuri
organizacia stabilur ojaxur erTobebs efuZneboda
(b) samarxebis Seswavlam daadastura, rom skara breis preistoriul mosaxleobaSi
bevrad ufro mkveTrad iyo gamokveTili mamakacebsa da qalebs Soris fizikuri
gansxvavebebi (sqesobrivi dimorfizmi), vidre _ Tanamedrove adamianebSi
(g) skara breis yvela saxlis Sesasvleli kari anjamebze marcxena mxridan ekida da
SigniT iReboda, ris gamoc Semsvleli pirvelad marjvena sawols xedavda
(d) skara breis preistoriul mosaxleobas arc genetikurad da arc
kulturulad araferi aqvs saerTo am mxaris amJamindel mosaxleobasTan,
romelic ramdenime saukunis win gadmosaxlda evropis kontinentidan
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33. mocemulia sami winadadeba: I. sportsmeni, romelic bevrs ar varjiSobs, ver miaRwevs warmatebas.
II. zogierTi sportsmeni bevrs varjiSobs.
III. arseboben warmatebuli sportsmenebi.
qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli debuleba aRwers sworad am winadadebebs Soris
mimarTebas?
(a) I da II winadadebebidan gamomdinareobs III
(b) I da III winadadebebidan gamomdinareobs II
(g) II da III winadadebebidan gamomdinareobs I
(d) arc erTi maTgani ar gamomdinareobs danarCeni oridan
34. mocemulia: • zogierT fexmard cxens grZeli fafari aqvs.
• arc erT TeTr cxens ar aqvs grZeli fafari.
qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli debuleba unda aviRoT mesame wanamZRvrad, raTa
davaskvnaT, rom zogierTi gaxednili cxeni TeTri ar aris?
(a) zogierT gaxednil cxens ar aqvs grZeli fafari
(b) arc erT gaxednil cxens ar aqvs grZeli fafari
(g) arc erTi fexmardi cxeni ar aris gaxednili
(d) yvela fexmardi cxeni gaxednilia
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wakiTxuli teqstis gaazreba
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT da gaiazreT teqsti. TiToeuli SekiTxvis savaraudo
pasuxebidan airCieT is varianti, romelic marTebulia mocemuli teqstis mixedviT.
holandielma botanikosma hugo de frizma mcenareebze dakvirvebiT aRmoaCina,
rom individualuri maxasiaTeblebi Taobidan Taobas gadaecema yovelgvari
Serevisa da gasaSualoebis gareSe. amasTanave, ama Tu im TaobaSi Cndeba erTi da
imave saxeobis mcenareTa axali nairsaxeoba, romelic danarCenebisgan mkveTrad
gansxvavdeba, da misi niSan-Tvisebebi memkvidreobiT gadaecema STamomavlobas. ram
SeiZleba ganapirobos is, rom Cndeba mosalodnelisgan gansxvavebuli niSan-
Tvisebebi? rogor SeiZleba aRmocendes axali geni, Tuki yvela geni
mSoblebisganaa memkvidreobiT miRebuli?
ujredis gayofis procesSi TiToeuli qromosoma replicirdeba, anu
yalibdeba meore qromosoma yvela im geniT, romlebic pirvel qromosomaze
arsebulis identuria. Tumca, drodadro SesaZlebelia, am procesSi moxdes
`Secdoma~ da miviRoT qromosoma originalisagan gansxvavebuli geniT. roca
amgvari ram xdeba, axali ujredi, romelsac gadaecema Secvlili genis mqone
qromosoma, Tavisi qimiuri SemadgenlobiT gansxvavdeba mSobeli ujredisgan. amis
Semdeg ujredis yoveli axali gayofisas iqmneba ukve Secvlili qromosoma da is
arasodes ubrundeba Tavis sawyis formas. process, romlis Sedegad qromosoma
Secvlili saxiT iCens Tavs ise, rom uecrad icvleba ujredis qimiuri
Semadgenloba, mutacia ewodeba.
evoluciis TvalsazrisiT, mutacia garkveulwilad uzrunvelyofs genetikur
mravalferovnebas, romelic aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom saxeobebma SeZlon
bunebrivi gadarCevis gziT garemo pirobebTan Segueba. magaliTad, nebismieri
mutacia, romelic saSualebas miscems bocvers, ufro swrafad irbinos,
daexmareba mas mtrisgan gaqcevaSi. mas gadarCenis meti Sansi eqneba, vidre sxva,
amgvari mutaciis armqone bocvers. sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebis Sedegad mas,
sxvebTan SedarebiT, meti STamomavlobis gaCenis saSualebac eqneba. zogierTi misi
STamomavali `damatebiTi siCqaris~ genis mflobeli aRmoCndeba, Sesabamisad, met
xansac icocxlebs da meti STamomavlobac eyoleba. garkveuli drois Semdeg
SesaZloa, saxecvlili bocveri mTlianad Caenacvlos uwindel saxeobas.
mutacia SeiZleba warmoadgendes cvlilebas rogorc ukeTesobisaken, ise
uaresobisaken, radgan is an xels uwyobs, an xels uSlis organizmis Seguebas ama
Tu im garemosTan. magaliTad, mutacia, romelic albinosobas iwvevs, sasargeblo
iqneba arqtikis binadarTaTvis, radgan uzrunvelyofs TeTr, damcav Seferilobas,
magram sazianoa im cxovelebisTvis, romlebic sxva pirobebSi binadroben.
mutacias SemTxveviTi xasiaTi aqvs da mis Sedegad warmoqmnili cvlilebebis
ganmtkiceba Zalze xangrZlivi procesia. amdenad, SeiZleba isic vifiqroT, rom
bunebrivi gadarCevis TvalsazrisiT, is araefeqturia. Tumca, cnobilia, rom
adamiani odiTganve cdilobda, Tavis sasargeblod gamoeyenebina mutaciebi da
xelovnuri gziT ganemtkicebina momxdari cvlilebebi Semdgom TaobebSi, rac
mcenareTa Tu cxovelTa axali jiSebis gamoyvanis SesaZleblobas qmnida.
magaliTad, inglisSi me-18 saukunis bolos gaCnda moklefexeba cxvris jiSi. mas
amkvidrebdnen da amravlebdnen mxolod imitom, rom am jiSis cxvrebs ar SeeZloT
Robeebze gadaxtoma, rac mecxvareebis saqmianobas mniSvnelovnad aiolebda.
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35. qvemoT mocemulia debulebebi I-sa da II abzacebs Soris kavSiris Sesaxeb. maTgan romeli ar aris swori?
(a) II abzacSi avtori cdilobs, pasuxi gasces im SekiTxvebs, romlebic I abzacSia
dasmuli
(b) II abzacSi konkretuli fiziologiuri procesis aRweris safuZvelze axsnilia
de frizis mier dakvirvebisas miRebuli Sedegebi, romlebic miTiTebulia I
abzacSi
(g) I abzacSi miTiTebuli dakvirvebis Sedegi II abzacSi aRwerili mutaciis
fenomenis gamovlinebas warmoadgens
(d) I abzacSi dasmuli SekiTxvebi eWvis qveS ayenebs genebis mutaciis meqanizmis
ganmartebas, romelic II abzacSia mocemuli
36. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romel winadadebebs Sorisaa SesaZlebeli, Caisvas sityva `Tumca~?
(a) individualuri maxasiaTeblebi Taobidan Taobas gadaecema yovelgvari Serevisa
da gasaSualoebis gareSe _ drodadro am procesSi SesaZlebelia moxdes
`Secdoma~
(b) drodadro am procesSi SesaZlebelia moxdes `Secdoma~ _ yovel TaobaSi
Cndeba erTi da imave saxeobis mcenareTa axali nairsaxeoba
(g) yoveli axali gayofisas iqmneba ukve Secvlili qromosoma _ yovel TaobaSi
Cndeba erTi da imave saxeobis mcenareTa axali nairsaxeoba
(d) individualuri maxasiaTeblebi Taobidan Taobas gadaecema yovelgvari Serevisa
da gasaSualoebis gareSe _ yalibdeba meore qromosoma yvela im geniT,
romlebic pirvel qromosomaze arsebulis identuria
37. mesame abzacSi vkiTxulobT: zogierTi misi STamomavali `damatebiTi siCqaris~ genis mflobeli aRmoCndeba.
`damatebiTi siCqare~ Casmulia brWyalebSi, radgan:
(a) es sityvebi gamoyenebulia uCveulo konteqstSi, rogorc genis pirobiTi
saxelwodeba
(b) avtori amgvarad gamoxatavs Tavis ironiul damokidebulebas aRwerili
situaciis mimarT
(g) mutaciis amgvari SemTxveva mxolod hipoTeturadaa mosalodneli
(d) am sityvebiT aRniSnulia bocvris sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebis erT-erTi xerxi
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38. mecxramete saukuneSi mrewvelobis ganviTarebasTan erTad, rasac atmosferos dabinZureba mohyva, inglisis samrewvelo raionebSi aryis xeebis totebi
WvartliT daifara. amis Sedegad aq gavrcelebuli aryis xis pepela, romelic,
Cveulebriv, Ria ferisa iyo, Savma saxeobam Caanacvla. es peplebi dRis saaTebs
aryis xis totebze atareben da Savi feri maT Citebisgan Tavis dacvis
SesaZleblobas aZlevs.
teqstis romel abzacebSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis ilustracias warmoadgens es
magaliTi?
(a) I-sa da V-Si
(b) II-sa da IV-Si
(g) III-sa da IV-Si
(d) III-sa da V-Si
39. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romelSia asaxuli bolo abzacis ZiriTadi azri:
(a) mutaciis gareSe adamiani ver SeZlebda cxovelTa axali jiSebis seleqcias
(b) mutaciebi imisTvis xdeba, rom adamianma ganamtkicos ama Tu im cocxali
organizmis axali niSan-Tvisebebi
(g) mutaciis xelovnuri gziT ganmtkicebiT SesaZlebelia im saxeobebis gamravleba,
romlebic adamianisTvis sasurveli niSan-TvisebebiT xasiaTdeba
(d) xelovnuri mutaciis gamoyenebiT adamiani genetikis kanonTa yovelgvari
codnis gareSe efeqturad axorcielebda saseleqcio saqmianobas 40. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romel mosazrebas moepoveba yvelaze meti sabuTi teqstSi?
(a) mutaciebs ganapirobebs rogorc bunebriv saarsebo garemoSi momxdari
cvlilebebi, ise adamianis Careva genetikur procesebSi
(b) genebis cvlilebebs da, Sesabamisad, mutaciebs ZiriTadad fizikuri pirobebi,
garemo ganapirobebs
(g) mutaciebi, genebis cvlileba organizmSi momxdari fiziologiuri procesebis
Sedegia da ar aris damokidebuli saarsebo garemos Taviseburebebze
(d) mutaciebi organizmSi momxdari fiziologiuri procesebis Sedegia, romlis
ganmtkiceba SesaZloa, damokidebuli iyos saarsebo garemos Taviseburebebze
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Savi samuSaosTvis