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Transit & Growth Management

Tara Bartee –FDOT Public Transit Office

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Presentation Overview• Transit Basics

• Proportionate Fair-Share Equation

• Examples

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Why Growth Management? To try to manage sprawl

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• What works where

• Cost of Transit

• Transit is flexible

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Automobile Space

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Person (automobile) Space

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Pedestrian / Bicycle Space

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Person/Bus Space

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What is Transit-Oriented Development?

Comp Plan Language

What is TOD?

• Define the 3Ds

Design

Diversity

Density

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Definition

• “Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is moderate to higher-density development, located within an easy walk of a major transit stop, generally with a mix of residential, employment and shopping opportunities designed for pedestrians without excluding the auto. TOD can be new construction or redevelopment of one or more buildings whose design and orientation facilitate transit use.”Caltrans

Design

Diversity

Density

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Design for people

What is a transit-oriented development?

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Density

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TOD is development that:

– Contains a rich mix of uses – retail, residential, workplaces.

– Has appropriate treatment of parking.

Office

Retail

Residential

Diversity

Diversity

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Outcome

One separates thestation from thecommunity

One encouragesTOD at the station

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• Fronton in Miami

• Land use doesn’t support transit

• I’ve got the map

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Denver, CO Neighborhood to Urban TOD

Neighborhood Urban

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Where money is spent to improve mobilityRoadway Where money is spent

to improve mobilityTransit Sidewalk Land Use

F Improved Transit w/ Operating costs

A A Urban Core

E B B Urban Center

D C C General Urban

C D D Sub-urban

B E E Rural Reserve

A Roads F F Rural Preserve

Shelters

Bus Priority

Signal &

Intersection

Improvements

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Transit Development Plan (TDP)

• Look at:

– Specific requirement to look at goals and policies of the comp plan and LRTP.

– Public Involvement

– Adopted by Governing bodies (county commission)

– 10 year needs plan

– Financially feasible to 3 years

TransportationElement

CIE FLUM

TDP LRTP

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Calculating the Costs

– Roadway improvement can be isolated to the “significantly” impacted area

– Transit costs can’t be limited to one hour a day and .74 miles

… O H, R E A L L Y ? ? ? ?

Transit and roadways are different

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Transit Prop Share

Number of Project Trips

Change in Peak Hour Max Service VolumeCost = Proportionate Share

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Proposed Methodology – Project Trips

Number of Project Trips

Change in Peak Hour Max Service VolumeCost = Proportionate Share

10 project trips = 10 needed seats/passengers on a bus

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Proposed Methodology – Change in Max Service Volume

• Fundamental Assumption: Providing capacity on transit satisfies identified roadway capacity issue– Does not address issue of use/ridership of service

Number of Project Trips

Change in Peak Hour Max Service VolumeCost = Proportionate Share

Typical value of 40 seats per bus

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Proposed Methodology - Cost

– 3 years when TQOS A or B,

– 5 years when TQOS C or D,

– 7 years E or F or new service

– Capital Investments

– Technology Implementation

– Operating and maintenance

Number of Project Trips

Change in Peak Hour Max Service VolumeCost = Proportionate Share

Time (years)

(Capital + Operating) $

= Cost

Transit Corridor StudyAverage Cost/Revenue Hour

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Proposed Methodology - Cost

Initial Assumption: Entire length of transit route (sum of both directions) included in cost calculation

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Example Applications

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Small Development

• Development adding 50 new peak hour trips to one segment of a constrained four-lane facility in urban area

Development on ‘Failing’ Facility

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Small Development• Agency agreement that no roadway capacity projects are planned or could

reasonably be constructed

• Existing transit service on Main Street = LOS B– 10 minute headways, 6 buses per hour

• Cost per operating hour = $75

• Length of existing bus route = 10 miles (20 miles round trip)

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Sample CalculationSmall Development

50 passengers_peak hour

passengers_bus

= 1.25 bus _peak hour

40

cost .hour

number of peak hours .year

Duration ofFunding (yrs) =

IMPROVEMENTCOST

cost .hour

520 peak hours .year

3 years =$75

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Sample CalculationSmall Development

50 passengers_peak hour

passengers_bus

= 1.25 bus _peak hour

40

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Medium Development

• Development adding peak hour trips to several segments of a constrained six-lane facility in suburban area

Development on ‘Failing’ Facility

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Medium Development (Your turn)

• Development adding peak hour trips to several segments of a constrained six-lane facility in suburban area

Development on ‘Failing’ Facility

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Medium Development

• Agency agreement that no roadway capacity projects could reasonably be constructed

• Existing transit service on SR X = LOS D• Length of existing bus route = 10 miles (20

miles round trip)

Development on ‘Failing’ Facility

Local government and transit agency review site plan and negotiate so that TOD principles are included.

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Sample CalculationMedium Development

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Sample CalculationMedium Development

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Large Development

• Development adding peak hour trips to several segments of a constrained six-lane facility, segments of a constrained four-lane facility, and segments to an unconstrained facility

Development on ‘Failing’ Facilities

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Large Development• Agency agreement that no roadway capacity projects could

reasonably be constructed on constrained facilities (SR X)

• Existing transit service on SR X = LOS D• Length of existing bus routes = 10 miles (20 miles round trip)

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Sample CalculationLarge Development

SR X

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Sample CalculationLarge Development

Jon Street

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Questions?

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Additional Information or Questions

Karl Passetti, P.E.Kittelson & Associates, Inc.407-540-0555kpassetti@kittelson.com