Post on 05-May-2019
THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN COMPOSING DESCRIPTIVE
TEXTS MADE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) PROGRAM
CLASS “A” UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH
MALANG ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-2013
THESIS
By:
Rey Rizki Tia Jayanti
09360050
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN COMPOSING DESCRIPTIVE
TEXTS MADE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) PROGRAM
CLASS “A” UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH
MALANG ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-2013
THESIS
By:
Rey Rizki Tia Jayanti
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN COMPOSING DESCRIPTIVE
TEXTS MADE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) PROGRAM
CLASS “A” UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH
MALANG ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-2013
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to fulfill one of the requirements in
achieving Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
Rey Rizki Tia Jayanti
09360050
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2013
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
“Maka nikmat Tuhan kamu yang manakah yang kamu dustakan?”
(QS: Ar-Rahman 21)
“Keinginanmu kadang tak sepaham dengan keinginan Tuhan. Tapi percaya
saja,ketidaksepakatanmu hanyalah ujian.”
(Rons Imawan)
“The only way to worry about nothing is to pray about everything.”
(Anonymous)
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to:
My beloved mother, Darmi Andriati,
My beloved late father, Oni Anthoni Lukito,
My older sister, Do’i Foni Candra Dewi,
My younger brother, Rah Brahmono Wisnu Wismangkoro,
And all of my family and friends.
iv
THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN COMPOSING DESCRIPTIVE
TEXTS MADE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) PROGRAM
CLASS “A” UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH
MALANG ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-2013
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to know what area of grammatical errors in
composing descriptive texts made by English Department students of English for
specific Purposes (ESP) program class “A” University of Muhammadiyah Malang
academic year 2012-2013.In analyzing the grammatical errors, the writer used the
theory proposed by Dulay et al. (1981) which classify the area grammatical errors
into four: omission, addition, misformation, and misordering.
This study used descriptive research design. The research subject of this study
consisted of 42 students. The writer used secondary data source because in collecting
the data the writer did not collect them by herself.The result of the study showed that
there were 349 errors made by them. Most of the area of grammatical errors they
made was omission errors. The second rank was misformation errors which are
consisted of three; those are regularization, archi-form, and alternating forms. And all
of the students’ errors in misformation errors were alternating forms. Then, the third
rank was addition errors which are also consisted of three: regularization errors,
simple addition errors, and double marking errors. However, there was no double
marking errors in students’ composition. And the last ranks from the students’ errors
were misordering errors.
Key Words: Grammatical Errors, Descriptive Text
The Advisor 1 The writer
Dr. Masduki, M.Pd Rey Rizki T.J
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, this thesis has been finished because of the
merciful and almighty Allah SWT. The purpose of doing this thesis is to fulfill one of
the requirements in achieving sarjana degree in English Department, Faculty of
TeacherTraining and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
The writer recognizes that this thesis will not be realized without
encouragement from the various parties. Therefore, the writer wants to express her
gratitude to the honorable:
1. Dr. Masduki, M.Pd as the first advisor and Drs. Imam Mahfudz as the second
advisor for their advice and guidance in accomplishing this thesis.
2. Sonny Elfiyanto, S.Pd as the English Department lecturer of English for Specific
Purpose (ESP) class A for helping the writer to get the data in this research.
3. English Department students of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) class A
academic year 2012-2013 for their cooperation in conducting the research.
4. The writer’s family especially hermother and sister for their love, care, pray, and
motivation every single day.
5. All the writer’s friends: Alfian Rizaldi, English department students class A
academic year 2009-2010, KKN Krisma 73, and others who cannot be mentioned
one by one. Thanks for all your support and help in finishing this thesis. I love
you all.
Malang, 20 October 2013
The writer
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER
APPROVAL SHEET ......................................................................................... i
LEGALIZATION .............................................................................................. ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ........................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study ..................................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................................... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ............................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope and Limitation ..................................................................................... 5
1.6 Definition of the Key Term ............................................................................ 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Theory Related to Research Question ............................................................ 7
2.1.1 Writing .................................................................................................. 7
2.1.2 Types of Paragraph ............................................................................... 8
2.1.2.1 Descriptive Text ..................................................................... 9
2.1.2.2 Exposition Text ...................................................................... 10
2.1.2.3 Narrative Text ......................................................................... 10
2.1.2.4 Argumentative Text ................................................................ 12
2.1.2.5 Persuasive Text ....................................................................... 12
2.1.3 Grammar ............................................................................................... 13
2.1.4 Error ...................................................................................................... 13
2.1.5 Error Types ........................................................................................... 15
vii
2.1.5.1 Linguistic Category ............................................................... 15
2.1.5.2 Surface Strategy Taxonomy ................................................... 15
2.1.5.3 Comparative Taxonomy ......................................................... 17
2.1.5.4 Communicative Effect Taxonomy ......................................... 18
2.1.6 Error Analysis ....................................................................................... 18
2.2 Current Literature Related to Research Question .......................................... 22
2.2.1 “An Analysis on Grammatical Errors Made By Fourth Semester
Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of
Malang in Writing Narrative Paragraph” by Dian Novite (2003) ........ 22
2.2.2 “Kesalahan Gramatikal Bahasa Inggris dalam Pola Kalimat
Sederhana Siswa Kelas VIII Unggulan SMP Plua Al-Aqsha” by Acep
Andi Suhendi (2012) ............................................................................ 23
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design ............................................................................................. 24
3.2 Research Subject ............................................................................................ 25
3.3 Data Source ................................................................................................ 25
3.4 Research Instrument ....................................................................................... 26
3.5 Data Collection .............................................................................................. 26
3.6 Data Analysis ................................................................................................ 27
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Findings .......................................................................................................... 28
4.1.1 Omission ............................................................................................... 29
4.1.2 Addition ................................................................................................ 30
4.1.3 Misformation (Error of Selection) ........................................................ 31
4.1.4 Misordering .......................................................................................... 33
4.2 Disscussion ................................................................................................ 34
viii
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION
5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 36
5.2 Suggestion ..................................................................................................... 37
5.2.1 Suggestion for the ESP Lecturers of English Department .................. 37
5.2.2 Suggestion for the Students of English Department ............................ 37
5.2.3 Suggestion for Further Research .......................................................... 38
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
9
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