Progressive Era Reform II

• Prohibition

• Workers in the Progressive Era

• Adjusting to Industrial Labor

• Union Organizing and Radical Labor

• City and State Reform

• Federal Government Reform

Women’s Christian Temperance Union

Coney Island

Coney Island

Prohibition

• The Volstead Act: 18th Amendment ratified and went into effect 1919.

• Prohibited the sale and possession of alcoholic beverages.

Scientific Management

• Taylorism: Named after Frederick Taylor

• Time/motion studies: Ways to make the modern industrial worker more effective.

Organized Labor in Progressive Era

Organized Labor in Progressive Era

• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union

Organized Labor in Progressive Era

• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union

• Lost power due to counterattack by industrialists

Organized Labor in Progressive Era

• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union

• Lost power due to counterattack by industrialists

• National Association of Manufacturers

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district

• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district

• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL

• Fire broke out in Triangle Shirtwaist Co. in Manhattan- fire escape doors were chained shut!

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district

• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL

• Fire broke out in Triangle Shirtwaist Co. in Manhattan- fire escape doors were chained shut!

• More than 140 young women died.

Triangle Headline

Triangle Fire

Dead victims

“Radical” Labor

“Radical” Labor

• International Workers of the World - IWW

“Radical” Labor

• International Workers of the World - IWW

• Welcomed all workers

“Radical” Labor

• International Workers of the World - IWW

• Welcomed all workers

• Leaders: Daniel de Leon; Eugene Debs; Mother Jones; Bill Heywood

“Radical” Labor

• International Workers of the World - IWW

• Welcomed all workers

• Leaders: Daniel de Leon; Eugene Debs; Mother Jones; Bill Heywood

• Purpose: To emancipate the worker from the bonds of capitalism

Progressive City Reform

Progressive City Reform

• City Manager Form of government: mangement by a council of experts

Progressive City Reform

• City Manager Form of government: management by a council of experts

• Regulation of public utilities

Progressive City Reform

• City Manager Form of government: mangement by a council of experts

• Regulation of public utilities

• “City Beautiful” campaigns

Penn Station

State Reform

• Making Government more “democratic”

State Reform

• Making Government more “democratic”

• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot

State Reform

• Making Government more “democratic”

• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot

• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws

State Reform

• Making Government more “democratic”

• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot

• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws

• Recall: Special election to vote official out of office

State Reform

• Making Government more “democratic”

• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot

• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws

• Recall: Special election to vote official out of office

• Direct Primary: Let party voters choose the party candidate for office.

Federal Government Reform

• Primary elections

Federal Government Reform

• Primary elections

• Direct Election of Senators

Federal Government Reform

• Primary elections

• Direct Election of Senators

• 17th Amendment ratified and took effect 1913