Election Day—November 8, 2016

First Tuesday after the first Monday in November

Local, county, state representation and issues

Every even year, vote for representatives for U.S. Congress (and maybe a Senator)

National election is every four years (for President)

Other elections are special or primary elections held in the spring

Sample Ballot

http://www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/forms/sample-ballot-2015.pdf

Antebellum Nationalism

Circa 1812-1850The Age of Jackson--Introduction and

Overview

Railroad Erie Canal Cotton gin Kitchen cabinet Spoils system Abolitionists Immigrants Steamship Veto Whigs Clipper Manifest Destiny Temperance

Henry Clay Jackson Calhoun Websters Herman Melville Oregon Know-Nothings Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Seneca Falls Polk Transcendentalism Monroe Doctrine Harrison Mormons

APUSH Nationalism Terms

First Semester:

Read any book having to do with U.S. History prior to 1900.

Fiction, non-fiction, biography…

Note: author, year published, publisher

Be ready to present the book the week of Dec. 8.

You are graded on a 3-5 minute presentation and answering questions about the book and its value in the study of U.S. History. You are also required to ask a number of questions.

Outside Reading Assignment

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/art/seven-facts-star-spangled-banner/

Recalling the Anthem

What defines us as Americans? How does the election of Jackson lead to a new idea of

democracy, populism and democratic leadership? How did Native American issues affect future growth

of the U.S.? How and why did slavery spread? Who has more power? States or Federal government? How could America be better for the average person? How did technology affect the growth of this nation? How does manifest destiny shape an American

character?

Nationalism--Conclusions

The U.S. began to develop a modern democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and change their society and institutions to match them.

Innovations in technology, agriculture, and commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy, precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national and regional identities.

The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade and expanding its national borders shaped the nation’s foreign policy and spurred government and private initiatives.

APUSH Key Concepts

Results of The War of 1812 Early Industrialization Advances in Transportation Monroe and The Era of Good Feeling The American System Indian Policies and Geographic Expansion Missouri Compromise and Slavery Election of 1824 Reform Movements Republican Motherhood & Cult of Domesticity Democracy in the Age of Jackson The American Renaissance—finding our voice

Topics

The man The myth The marriage His presidency The New American The Bank The Nullification Crisis Indian Policy Cabinet & Women

(“Petticoat Affair”)

Jackson

Inventions First Industrial Revolution Eli Whitney—interchangeable parts Eli Whitney—cotton gin Steam ship Railroad Cities Immigrants

The Industrial Movement

Transcendentalists Education Health care issues Women Religion Immigrants Anti-Immigration Temperance

Social Movementsand Reform

Cotton Gin The New South South Carolina Slave laws(became stricter due tothe Haitian Rebellion of 1790s) Quaker efforts Abolitionist efforts

Slavery and Abolitionism

Texas Revolution Texas—Republic 1836 Texas—Statehood 1845 Mexican War 1846-1848 New western lands Gold Rush 1849 Exploration and settlement

Manifest Destiny

President Monroe President John Quincy Adams Henry Clay John C. Calhoun Webster Boys Andrew Jackson Cherokees Inventors, authors, thinkers, reformers, doers

Names to Know

Songs Poetry Novels Art Essays

A New American Voice

Irish, Germans and Scandinavians—see pages 307-311 (c. 1820-1860)

Immigrants Why they came

Reaction of Nativists

Where the immigrants lived and why

Contributions to U.S. culture

IRISH

GERMANS

Monroe1817-1825

The Last of the Virginia Dynasty

One political party—Dem-Rep.

Nationalism

Florida acquired by Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819

Missouri Compromise—1820—kept slave state/free state question at bay

Rush-Bagot Treaty—established Canadian Border

I. Era of Good Feeling

Henry Clay of Kentucky

Built roads, turnpikes, canals, bridges (infrastructure)

Began laying RR tracks

Subsidies from the government

Advances in transportation—clipper ship, RR, steamboat

American System

Erie Canal—

Steamship—Voyage from U.S. to England reduced from 3 months to 2 weeks

Protective Tariffs (customs duties was our primary way to raise money before income taxes started in 20th century)

1819—Financial Panic

Sectionalism—North vs. South vs. West (Senators Webster , Calhoun, and Clay)

Purpose: defense against European Empires

Major ideas: no colonization in Latin America, no European interference, No American interference in established European colonies

Results: British support, European respect (?), legacy of isolationism

II. Monroe Doctrine, 1823

How we study history

Focuses on how history is written and interpreted

This is the lens through which we look at the past

Military, feminist, environmental impact, geographical, political, biographical, psychological, race relations, cultural

Historiography and Jackson

See class notes on handout and power point on Jacksonian Democracy

“Tell… the Nullifiers for me that they can talk and write resolutions and print threats to their heart’s content. But if one drop of blood be shed in defiance of the laws of the United States, I will hang the first man of them I can get my hands on to the first tree I can find.”

“The Union must and shall be preserved.”

The Age of JacksonHW on next slide

Manifest DestinyThe Westward Movement

James K. Polk and expansionists

Conflicts and Questions

I. Election of 1844--Polk

II. Texas Independence, 1836Statehood, 1845(Sam Houston)

III. Oregon Territory“Fifty-four Forty or Fight”Oregon Trail established

Causes: American property in Mexico, Mexico still claimed Texas, boundary disputes

Opposition by Thoreau, Webster, Lincoln

Battles of Buena Vista & Vera Cruz

American occupation of California, New Mexico, South Texas, and Mexico City

IV. War With Mexico, 1846-48

V. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Texas boundary Mexican Cession ($15 million for NM, CA,

Col, Nev, Utah, Wy)

(War was first to use light artillery, photography, and telegraph)

VI. Gadsden Purchase, 1853 Established southern boundary with Mexico

Sutter’s Mill—Sacramento, California

VII. Gold Rush, 1849

Brigham Young and Mormons

VIII. Utah

Native Americans

IX. Issues of the West

Expansion of slavery into western territories?

“Who we are is who we were.”J.Q. Adams

In 1839, there was a rebellion of slaves captured from Africa on the Spanish ship, Amistad.

These slaves overtook the ship and killed several Spanish sailors.

An American ship later captured Amistad and brought it to New London, Connecticut with around fifty African men and women.

The Amistad Case

There was a trial to determine if the “property” of Spain should be returned or if these people should be returned to their home of origin.

After the court decided in favor of the rebels, President Martin Van Buren, concerned with Southern anxieties over the decision, appealed the case to the Supreme Court. Out of nine justices, seven were Southern slave holders.

The abolitionist sponsors of the first case appealed to Congressman and Former President John Quincy Adams to speak for the Amistad captives.

View and listen to the film segment and focus on the argument of the defense and the final decision of the highest United States Court.

How did Adams use history for his side?

Marshall Court, 1801-1835—led by Chief Justice John Marshall (remember Marbury v. Madison)

Focused on a strong central government

Promoted business

Upheld supremacy of federal legislation over state legislation

Supreme Court

Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819—protected contracts from state law

Worcester v. Georgia, 1831—upheld rights of Cherokees in Georgia—led to Jackson’s Indian Removal Act and Trail of Tears

Cases

The Liberator, 1831 (Garrison’s abolitionist newspaper)

Democracy in America, 1835 (Alexis De Tocqueville’s work on American individualism)

The Hudson River School, mid 1800s (group of artists led by Thomas Cole—America’s beauty through landscapes—1st American school of art)

McGuffey Readers, 1836 (reading instruction book—poems, stories, essays with patriotic themes promoting moral values)

“Civil Disobedience”, 1849 (Thoreau’s essay opposing Mexican War and injustice)

The Arts

The Scarlet Letter, 1850 --Hawthorne’s novel on legacy of Puritanism

Leaves of Grass, 1855 --Walt Whitman’s poems glorifying nature over reason

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852—Stowe’s anti-slavery novel

Walden, 1854—Thoreau’s transcendentalist novel about life in nature

Fiction (on APUSH exam)

I. Characteristics—national awareness, romanticism, idealization of nature, good of mankind (reform), democracy, patriotism

II. Major authors—Poe, Emerson Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, Longfellow, Emily Dickinson, Margaret Fuller (transcendentalist journal editor)

III. “Who we are, is who we were.” J.Q. Adams

American Renaissance c. 1840-65(“Birth of American Culture”)

Emotional and exaggerated story-telling—often dark and scary

Literature, music and art

Examples: Washington Irving’s Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Hawthorne’s House of Seven Gables, anything by Poe, Melville’s Moby Dick

This style coincided with a growth of spiritualism—an interest in contacting “the other side”—followed in Europe and America

(Mary Todd Lincoln)

Elements of Romanticsm

It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you may knowBy the name of Annabel Lee;And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThan to love and be loved by me.

I was a child and she was a child,In this kingdom by the sea:But we loved with a love that was more than love - I and my Annabel Lee;With a love that the winged seraphs of heavenCoveted her and me.

And this was the reason that, long ago,In this kingdom by the sea,A wind blew out of a cloud, chillingMy beautiful Annabel Lee;So that her high-born kinsmen cameAnd bore her away from me,To shut her up in a sepulchreIn this kingdom by the sea.

Annabel Lee E.A. Poe

The angels, not half so happy in heaven,Went envying her and me - Yes! that was the reason (as all men know,In this kingdom by the sea)That the wind came out of the cloud one night,Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.

But our love it was stronger by far than the loveOf those who were older than we - Of many far wiser than we - And neither the angels in heaven above,Nor the demons down under the sea,Can ever dissever my soul from the soulOf the beautiful Annabel Lee;

For the moon never beams without bringing me dreamsOf the beautiful Annabel Lee;And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyesOf the beautiful Annabel Lee;And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the sideOf my darling -my darling -my life and my bride,In the sepulchre there by the sea - In her tomb by the sounding sea.

1. Second Great Awakening2. Public Education3. Prison and Sanitarium Reform4. Utopian Communities5. Liberia6. Seneca Falls7. Mormons8. Transcendentalists9. Temperance Society10. Child Labor11. Nativists12. The Lowell System13. Stephen Foster & Am. Music14. Abolitionist Societies15. Novelists and Poets16. Hudson River School .

Social Movements—1812-1860

“Books are the carriers of civilization. Without books, history is silent, literature dumb, science crippled, thought and speculation at a standstill. I think that there is nothing, not even crime, more opposed to poetry, to philosophy, ay, to life itself than this incessant BUSINESS.”

Henry David Thoreau(says the man who owned a pencil

factory)

Veterans Day—November 11

Originally known as Armistice Day, when WWI fighting stopped

Changed to Veterans Day after WWII

Honors all people who have served the United States in the military in any capacity

Time to remember and thank all men and women in uniform

Current veterans have served these wars: WWII, Korea, Vietnam, Persian Gulf, Iraq, Afghanistan

Speak clearly—no gum Tell the name of your topic and source of

information Explain major points Write out challenging words on the board if

necessary Listen attentively as a respectful and

supportive class member Speak approximately 1-2 minutes only

Presentation