CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

PRESENTED BY: Ms. RENCY VARGHESE

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS CPR?

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies, including heart attack or near drowning, in which someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.

CPR TIME LINE: 0-4 mins. Brain damage unlikely. 4-6 mins. Brain damage possible. 6-10 mins . Brain damage probable. Over 10 mins. Probable brain death.

PHASES OF CPR

PHASE I – BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

AIRWAY BREATHING

CIRCULATION

PHASE II- ADVANCED CARDIAC

LIFE SUPPORT

DEFIBRILLATION & DRUGS

ECG

FLUIDS

PHASE III- PROLONGED LIFE SUPPORT

GAUGING

HUMAN MENTATION

INTENSIVE CARE  

INDICATIONS FOR CPR

WHO ALL CAN GIVE CPR?

Skilled personnelBystanders or persons near to

victimFamily members

GUIDELINESIn 2005, new CPR guidelines were

published by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR)

A universal compression-ventilation ratio (30:2) recommended for all single rescuers of infant (less than one year old), child (1 year old to puberty), and adult (puberty and above) victims (excluding newborns).

CPR FOR CHILD

If the child is unresponsive and you are alone with him, start rescue efforts immediately and perform CPR for at least 1 to 2 minutes before dialing emergency

Check the victim for responsiveness by gently shaking the child and shouting, "Are you okay?" DO NOT shake the child if you suspect he may have suffered a spinal injury.

Place two fingers at the sternum (the bottom of the rib cage where the lower ribs meet) and then put the heel of your other hand directly on top of your fingers

The rule to remember is 1 hand, 1 inch.

Count aloud as you compress 30 times, followed by 2 breaths. Perform 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths before checking the child for breathing and pulse. victim's carotid artery for pulse as well as any signs of consciousness.

REMEMBER THE ABCS

A: AIRWAY

B: BREATHING

C: CIRCULATION

BEFORE YOU BEGIN CHECK RESPONSE…… ARE YOU OK ???

CALL EMERGENCY 1062….

PLACE THE VICTIM IN PROPER POSITION…..

OPEN AIRWAY

A: AIRWAY

SIT NEXT TO VICTIM’S NECK & SHOULDER, THEN… HEAD TILT & CHIN LIFT

IF ANY SUSPECTED INJURY OF NECK … THEN JAW THRUST WITHOUT HEAD TILT

B: BREATHING

LookListenFeel for breathing

PINCH THE NOSTRILS

TAKE A DEEP BREATH & COVER VICTIM’S MOUTH WITH YOURS & GIVE 2 BREATHS

C: CIRCULATION

CHECK PULSE

WHEN THERE ARE 2 RESCUERS

REVIEW- CHECK THE VITALS

RESCUE BREATHING

CHEST COMPRESSIONS

CPR FOR INFANTSMost cardiac arrests in infants occur

from lack of oxygen, such as from drowning or choking.

If you know the infant has an airway obstruction, perform first aid for choking. If you don't know why the infant isn't breathing, perform CPR.

HEIMLICH MANEUVER

Although the head tilt/chin lift technique is similar to adults and children, when clearing an infant's airway it's important not to tilt the head too far back. An infant's airway is extremely narrow and overextending the neck may actually close off the air passage

Although the head tilt/chin lift technique is similar to adults and children, when clearing an infant's airway it's important not to tilt the head too far back. An infant's airway is extremely narrow and overextending the neck may actually close off the air passage

Although the head tilt/chin lift technique is similar to adults and children, when clearing an infant's airway it's important not to tilt the head too far back. An infant's airway is extremely narrow and overextending the neck may actually close off the air passage

SNIFFERS POSITION

CPR FOR INFANT

CHECKING VITAL SIGNS

RESCUE BREATHING

CHEST COMPRESSIONS

CPR WITH ADVANCED AIRWAY

WHEN TO STOP CPR

WHEN PERSON SHOW SIGNS OF RECOVERY

YOU BECAME PHYSICALLY UNABLE TO CONTINUE

TRAINED FIRST AIDER ARRIVES

COMPLICATIONS OF CPR

Vomiting is the most frequently encountered complication of CPR. If the victim starts to vomit, turn the head to the side and try to sweep out or wipe off the vomit. Continue with CPR.