Post on 18-Dec-2015
Organic Chem Review
MONOMERS
Macromolecules are made up of smaller units called
ISOMERS
These two molecules Are examples of ______________.
Organic molecules contain the elements ____________ and _________, and they must be _____________ .
CARBON HYDROGEN
BONDED TOGETHER
HYDROXYLCARBOXYLIC ACID
Name the functionalgroups.
O
Amino
Name the functionalgroups.
CH3 NH2
Dehydration synthesis
The reaction by which monomers are joined together is called ______________________ .
Ringoxygenhydroxide
Carbohydrates consist of a __________, with _______embedded in it, and several _______________ functional units.
Carbohydratedisaccharide
This molecule can be categorized as a ___________, and a ___________________.
Glycosidic bonds
The bonds that hold monosaccharides together are called _______________ .
Energy, structure in plants (cellulose), structure in invertebrates (exoskeletons)
The functions of carbohydrates are ___________.
43
If a polymer has 43 bonds, how many molecules of water were produced during dehydration synthesis?
monosaccharide
The monomer of a carbohydrate is called ______.
-ose
Carbohydrates can be recognized by name, because they all end in _________.
hydrophobic
Lipids are grouped together because they are all ___________, not because of structural similarities.
Glycerol fatty acids
Fats are composed of one ______ molecule with three __________ attached.
no
Saturated fats contain ___ double bonds.
Cell membranes
Phospholipids are a key component of ___________.
Glycerolphosphate groupfatty acids
Phospholipids are composed of one __________, one ______, and two _____________.
Phosphatefatty acid
The _______ end of a phospholipid is hydrophilic, and the ________ end is hydrophobic.
Phosphatefatty acid
When phospholipids are in the presence of water, the ______ end will face the water, the _________ will face inside – thus forming a ___________________.
steroids
The three lipids are fats, phospholipids, and __________.
Rings fused together
Steroids consist of four _______ that are _________.
Dehydration synthesis
The reactions shown above is
Energy, cushioning for organs, insulation
The functions of lipids are ____________ .
Amino acids
Protein monomers are called __________.
peptide
Protein monomers are connected by ________ bonds.
20
There are ______ amino acids.
There are ____ levels of protein structure.
4
The primary structure consists of a protein’s ____________.
AMINO ACID SEQUENCE
The secondary structure consists of ____________.
ALPHA HELIX OR BETA PLEATS
The tertiary structure consists of ____________.
FOLDING CAUSED BY ELECTRICAL CHARGES AND HYDROPHOBICITY OF AMINO ACIDS
The quaternary structure consists of ____________.
PROTEIN MOLECULES BONDING WITH OTHER PROTEIN MOLECULES
If conditions are not optimum, a protein molecule will unfold. This is called ____________.
DENATURING
Can proteins renature?
YES
What happens when proteins denature?
THEY DO NOT FUNCTION
contain amino and carboxyl functional groups
Amino acids structurally ______________ .
protein
fat
hydrolysis
The reaction shown above is ____________
phospholipid bilayer
steroid
phospholipid
NUCLEIC ACID
The primary purpose of Nucleic Acids is _________.
TO STORE AND TRANSMIT GENETIC INFORMATION
There are ____ nucleic acids (____________).
2Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid
There are ______ parts of nucleic acids: __________.
3A 5-ring sugar, a phosphate group, and a base
The two sides of a nucleic acid strand are held together by _________ bonds.
HYDROGEN
The monomer of nucleic acids is _____________.
NUCLEOTIDES
Cells get most of their energy from ___________.
ATP
The ATP molecule consists of _____________.
The base Adenine, a 5-ring sugar, and three phosphate groups attached.
ATP