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22ACHPR, Organization Contre la Torture and Other v. Rwanda, Communications Nos. 27/89, 46/91, 49/91, and 99/93,

/199628html.93-99_91-49_91-46_89-27/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.

23ACHPR, World Organization against Torture and Others v. Zaire, Communication Nos. 25/89, 47/90, 56/91 and .93/100/199667 :/chr/za.ac.up.www://http.

24ACHPR, Constitutional Rights Project and Civil Liberties Organisation v. Nigeria, Communication No. 102/93, 31/199855 :Html.93_102/comcases/Africa/hunabrts/edu.imn.1www"//http.

25I-A Court HR, Gangaram Panday Case v. Suriname, judgment of January 21, 1994, in OAS doc. OAS/Ser.L/V/III.31., doc.919943247.

26I-A Court HR, Castiloo Paizz Case v. Peru, judgment of November 3, 1997, in OAS doc. OAS/Ser.L/V/III.391., doc.59199726356.

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1999445141-143.28I-A Court HR, Villagran Morales et al., Case (The "Street Children" Case), judgment of November 19, 1999, in OAS

doc. OEA/Ser.L/V/III.47., doc691999704-706126-136.29Eur. Court HR, Case of X v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 5 November 1981, Series A, No. 46, p. 19, para. 43.30Eur. Court HT, Case of Steel and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 25 September 1998, Reports 1998-VII, p.

2735, para. 54.31552736.32.

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37I-A Court HR, Godinez Cruz Case, judgment of January 20, 1989, Series C, No. 5, pp. 144-145, paras,. 162-163; and

Also the Velasquez Rodriguez Case, Judgment of July 29, 1988, Series C, No. 4, pp. 146-147, paras. 154-155.38Eur. Court HR, Case of Cakici v. Turkey, judgment of 8 July 1999, Reports-IV, p. 615, para. 104; emphasis

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452040.46.47Eur. Court HR, Cinlla Case v. Italy, judgment of 22 February 1989, Series A, No. 148, p. 16, para. 36.

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481638.493917.50Eur. Court HR, Case of Fox, Campell and Hrtly v. the United Kingdom, 30 August 1990, Series A, No. 182, p. 16, para.

32; emphasis added.51161732.52171834.53171835.5436.

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59Eur. Court HR, Bouamar Case, judgment of 29 February 1988, Series A, No. 129, p. 21, para. 50.60212252.6151-53.62754/1997 .)15/1999(

A/54/40)(2547-2.63.642547-3.

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65Eur. Court HR, winterwerp Case v. the Netherlands, judgment of 24 October 1979, Series A, No. 33, p.16, para. 37.66.67.68Eur. Court HR, Case of X. v.the United Kingdom, judgment of 5 November 1981, Series A, No. 46, p.18, para. 40.694320.704119.71.72202144-46.

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7321462044.74Eur. Court HR, Case of Erkalo v. the Netherlands, judgment of 2 September 1998, Reports 1998-VI, p.2478, para.56.75Eur. Court HR, Case of Winterwerp v. the Netherlands, judgment of 24 October 1979, Series A, No.33, p.21, para.49.76Eur. Court HR, Case of Erkalo v. the Netherlands, judgment of 2 September 1998, Reports 1998-VI, p.2479, para.59.77Eur, Court HR, Van der Leer Case v. the Netherlands, judgment of 21 February 1990, Series A, No.170-A, p.12,

para.23.78Eur. Court HR, Wassink Case v. the Netherlands, judgment of 27 September 1990, Series A, No. 185-a, p.12, para.27.79560/1993 .)3/1997(

A/52/40)(1439-39-4.

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A/38/4012218-1.8712218-112319.88ACHPR, Media Rights Agenda (on behalf of Niran Malaolu) v. Nigeria, Communication No.

224/9823/-6/200043 :html.98-224/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.

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A/49/40)(996-5.99ACHPR, Huro-Laws (on behalf of the Civil Liberties Organisation) v. Nigeria, Communication No.225/98

23/-6/200043-44:html.98-225/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.

100ACHPR, Albassan Abubaker v. Ghana, Communication No.103/93, decision adopted during the 20th session, October 1996910 :-103/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://httphtml.93

10.101ACHPR, Amnesty International and Others, Communications Nos.48/90, 50/91, 52/91 and 89/93) (

59:html.93-89_91-52_91-50_90-48/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.102Eur. Court HR, Case of Fox, Campbell and Hartley, judgment of 30 August 1990, Series A, No.182, p.19, para.40;

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para.27.10528.1063031.107Eur. Court HR, Lanry Case v. Belgium, judgment of 30 March 1989, Series A, No 151, p.17, para.32.

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113ACHPR, International Pen and Others v. Nigeria, Communications Nos 137/94, 139/94, 154/96 and 161/97, decision adopted on 31

1998October 83-84 :html.97-161_96-154_94-139_94-137/comcases/africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.114ACHPR, Huri-Laws (on behalf of Civil Liberties Organisation) v. Nigeria, Communication No 225/98, decision

23/-6/200045 :html.98-225/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.

11546.116I-A Court HR, Castillo Páez Case v. Peru, judgment of November 3, 1997, in OAS/Ser.L/V/III.39, doc.5, Annual

Report of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights 1997, p.263, paras.56-58.117I-A Court HR, Suárez Rosero Case, judgment of November 12, 1997, ibid. at pp.296-297, paras. 53-56

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118I-A Court HR, Castillo Petruzzi et al. Case v. Peru, judgment of May 30, 1999, in OAS doc.OEA/Ser.L/V/III.47, doc.5

1999255110.119109.120.121256111.122Eur. Court HR, Case of Brogan and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 29 November 1988, Series A, No. 145,

pp.31-32, para.58.1235832.

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124323359.1253360.12661.127.1283362.129333462.130Eur. Court HR, Case of Kaster v. the Netherlands, judgment of 28 November 1991, Series A, No. 221, p. 10 para. 25.

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para. 146.134.1353299148.1363299149.137Eur. Court HR, Huber Case v. Switzerland, judgment of 23 October 1990, Series A, No. 188, p. 17 para. 41.

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147Eur. Court HR, Wemhoff Case v. Federal Republic of Germany, judgment of 27 June 1968, Series A, No.7, p.22, para.5 and p.23, para.9.

148Eur. Court HR, Case of Van der Tang v. Spain, judgment of 13 July 1995, Series A, No.321, p.18, para.58.149Eur.Court HR, Wemhoff Case v. Federal Republic of Germany, judgment of 27 June 1968, Series A, No.7, p.24, para.10

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150Eur.Court Hr, Case of Assenov and others v. Bulgaria, judgment of 28 October 1998, Report 1998-VIII,p.3300,

para.154; emphasis added.1513301157158.1523301157.153Eur.Court HR, Case of Ya?ci and Sargin v. Turkey, judgment of 8 June 1995, Series A, No.319-A, p.19, para.52.154 .5)3 (1955.155Eur.Court HR, Case of Tomasi v. France, judgment of 27 August 1992, Series A, No.241-A, p.37, para.98.156Eur.Court HR, Case of Van der Tang v. Spain, judgment of 13 July 1995, Series A, No.321, p.19, para.63.157Eur.Court HR, Case of Toth v. Austria, judgment of 12 December 1991, Series A, No.224, p19, paras.69-70 and 73.

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1642276.165Eur.Court HR, Case of Tomasi v. France, judgment of 27 August 1992, Series A, No.241-A, p.39, para.102.166Eur.Court HR, Case of Clooth v. Belgium, judgment of 12 December 1991, Series A, No.225, pp.15-16, paras.41-44.167526/1993 . .)2/1997(

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183143-1449-5.184144.185I-A Court HR, Casitllo Peruzzi et al. Case v. Peru, judgment of May 30 1999, in OAS doc. OEA/Ser.L/V/III.47, doc. 6

Annual Report of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights 1999, p. 276, para. 184.

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186277185.187186.188275-276179-180277188.189I-A Court HR, Suarez Rosero Case v. Ecuador, judgment of November 12, 1997, in OAS doc. OAS/Ser.L/V/III.39, doc.

5, Annual Report of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights 1997, p. 298, para. 63.19064-66.

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191I-A Court HR, Cesti Hartado Case v. Peru, judgment of September 29, 1999, in OAS doc. OEA/Ser.L/V/III.47, doc. 6

1999443133437-447.192Eur. Court HR, Case of Brogan and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 29 November 1988, Series A, No. 145,

p. 34, para. 65.193Eur. Court HR, Case of Assenov and Others v. Bulgaria, judgment of 28 October 1998-VIII, p. 3302, para. 162.194Eur. Court HR, Keus Case v. Netherlands, judgment of 25 October 1990, Series A, No. 185-C, p. 66, para. 24.195Eur. Court HR, Case of Assenov and Others v. Bulgaria, judgment of 28 October 1998, Reports 1998-VIII, p. 3302,

para. 162.1963303165.197Eur. Court HR, Case of Brogan and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 29 November 1988, Series A, No. 145,

pp. 34-35, paras. 63-65.198Eur. Court HR, Case of Kampanis v. Greece, judgment of 13 July 1995, Series A, No. 318-B, p. 45, para. 47 .1994858.

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200Eur. Court HR, Case of Hussain v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 21 February 1996, Reports 1996-J, p. 271, paras.

59-60" "21/1986

10719515)4 (.201Eur. Court HR, Lamy Case v. Belgium, judgment of 30 March 1989, Series A, No. 151, pp. 16-17, para. 29.202Eur. Court HR, Case of Toth v. Austria, judgment of 12 December 1991, Series A, No. 224, p. 23, para. 84.203Eur. Court HR, Luberty Case v. Italy, judgment of 23 February 1984, Series A, No. 75, p. 15, para. 31.204Eur. Court HR, Case of Iribarne Perez v. France, judgment of 24 October 1995, Series A, No. 323-C, p. 63, para. 30.205.

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