BVDV in Alpaca: Abortion and

Persistent Infection

Susy Carman 1Murray Hazlett 1

Josepha Delay 1Nancy Carr 2Mohit Baxi 3

Dirk Deregt 3

Huacaya

Canada 17,000Ontario 1,300

Tested 101 alpaca28 herds

5 BVDV infected3 BVDV PI2 PI studied

Suri

University of Guelph 1Elginburg,ON 2

Canadian Food Inspection Agency 3

Denver, 2006

Alberta 1 Alberta 2 Ontario 4

Ontario 552 alpaca

9 sick, 1 diedstress breaks

fleece

Aborted Fetus5.5 mon

IHC lu,ki,ht + BVDVVI + NCP-BVDV skin only

17/20 -Type 1 NADL - 1:3072Type 2 NVSL 125c - 1:394

2 early pregnancy

losses 75-80d gest

13 cria born1 Low birth weight

BVDV PIDiarrhea

2.5 mon

9 m

on3 mon

Alberta 3

Gabriel

Sickly criaLeBron born3,500 km

LeBron died 8 monPneumonia, Diarrhea

5 mon

abort/still/neo/BVDVAb

Ontario 6Aborted Fetus

7 mon

6 mon

PregnantFemale

Herd History PI Cria1

3 mon

East

Gabriel’shuacaya farm

52 alpaca

Dam & cria barn facing south

Fleece storage

Courtesy Nancy Carr

Herd History PI Cria 21,500 km

Ontario 764 alpaca

New Brunswick 997 alpaca

2 abortions

9/10 - Type 1 NADL - 1:384Type 2 NVSL 125c - 1:96

21 tested1 Low birth weight cria

PI BVDV

PregnantFemale

4 mons ges

Lilahuacaya

4monthsPneumonia, Diarrhea

Ontario 833 alpaca

Lila - PIGabriel - PI● Exposed before120d gestation● Exposed about 65d gestation

(Dam Ab Type 1, 1:768)

● NCP-BVDV iso 75d buffy coat; 75d,104d,120d serum; 120d tissues

● NCP-BVDV iso from placenta;3d, 26d, 46d buffy coat; 46d tissues

● RT-PCR - BVDV Type 1, - whole blood-/+plasma, -/+serum, + buffy coat

● RT-PCR - BVDV Type 1,-/+/- serum 120d

● Ag ELISA 46d + serum, + ear notch ● Ag ELISA 120d +serum

● Serum virus titer 105.0 CCID50 /mL● Serum virus titer 104.0 CCID50 /mL

● Serum Ab titer 120d - neg Type 1, 2● Serum Ab titer 46d - neg Type 1,2

ItalyPader

V 60

Gifhorn

T1802

V2536BDV

SCPGi6

CD87

125c

BVDV24812

SD-1

C86

NADLSinger

OslossCP7

Hastings

BVDV1b

Alpaca-24913

BVDV1a

H138

Giraffe

Eystrup

CSFV

100

100

100

97100

100

9991

57

100

8988

7590

6262

100

Gabriel Type1b - 4 NA / 2AA diff

Courtesy of Dr. Mohit Baxi

PI Cria 1 BVDV E2 gene

Lila AxillaGabriel Ear

Hair follicle

Skin

Gabriel Lila

Brain

Retina

Gabriel

Thymus

Lila

BoneMarrow

Gabriel Lila

Compartment 3Stomach

Colon

Gabriel Lila

Kidney

Chorioallantoic membraneplacenta

Need to update recommendations for testing before next alpaca birthing season

(1 vs 16 or 39 BVDV PI)

• Test/specimen to identify BVDV PI cria?

• VI +/+ buffy coat • RT-PCR + buffy coat• IHC + placenta• IHC +/+ haired skin• Ag ELISA +/+ serum, + haired skin• Multiple tests on low birth weight cria?

• Vaccination? – assessment of herd exposure

• Cerebellar Hypoplasia? • Mucosal Disease?

Thyroidgland

LilaGabriel

Alberta 1 Alberta 2 Ontario 4

Ontario 552 alpaca

9 sick, 1 deadstress breaks

fleece

Aborted Fetus5.5 mon

IHC lu,ki,ht + BVDVVI + NCP-BVDV skin only

14/17 -Type 1 NADL - 1:3072Type 2 NVSL 125c - 1:394

2 early pregnancy

losses 75-80d gest

13 cria born1 Low birth weight

PI BVDVDiarrhea

2.5 mon

9 m

on3 mon

Alberta 3

Gabriel

Sickly criaLeBron born3,500 km

LeBron died 8 monPneumonia, Diarrhea

5 mon

abort/still/neo/BVDVAb

Ontario 6Aborted Fetus

7 mon

6 mon

Female

Herd History PI Cria1

3 mon