Post on 08-Sep-2015
description
EE 590Transmission Planning with
Significant Energy ResourcesDale Osborn
Significant Energy Resources
Midwest ISOOctober 13, 2008
dosborn@midwestiso.org
Historical Methods
Clairs presentationL l ti t l l l d d dLocal generation to serve local load-expanded on NERC or local reliability criteriaInterties built for reliability, power purchaseInterties built for reliability, power purchase opportunities, economics are a plus
LOLE, LOLP reduce the amount of generation that must be constructedconstructedContingency for major transmission loss- ice stormsAlso sell capacity and energy-power purchase would justify the line in early yearsSell economy energy
Transmission Planning Methods
Traditional Reliability Planning-David DuebnerDuebner
Find a problemFind the best solution
Energy ( Economic) Planning-Dale OsbornFind the opportunityDesign a system that would capture an g y peconomic share of the opportunity
New Factors that Require Changes in the Planning Methods
Open Access Transmission TariffsRTOs- breadth and speed of decision options greatly expandedg y
Generation Queue processesSingle transmission sourceEnergy MarketsReliability decisions on a wide area and not the sum of individualReliability decisions on a wide area and not the sum of individual decisions-State Estimator Model, Outage Coordination, AFC calcuations,Reliability Coordination, SettlementsUtility focused planning still required-RTOs fit the pieces together, they do not define the piecesdo not define the pieces
Energy MarketsAncillary Service Markets and Balancing Area consolidationWind Energy- RPSgyCarbon reductionsEnvironmental restrictionsLoad response
Transmission Design
Present transmission systems were not designed to run in multi-RTO energy market environments.gyGeneration generally was planned to serve load in a utility area.Interconnections were used to increase reliability byInterconnections were used to increase reliability by pooling generation reserves and for economic energy and power exchanges.Transmission could be designed to make the multiple energy markets efficient in the Eastern Interconnection. Capacity would still be planned locally for reliability p y p y ypurposes.
Design Criteria
What do you wish to have the transmission capable of doing?g
Peak power delivery- reliabilityEconomic energy delivery- Benefit/Cost ratioBoth- assignment of capabilitiesBoth- assignment of capabilitiesExporting of wind energy diversity
Who would pay for it?I t t d AC d iIntegrated AC designHVDC to separate the desing
How would they pay for it?Where would it be constructed?Sequencing- can you get from here to there?
What is needed to plan a transmission system
Stakeholder participation- Clair-scope of studyModels transmission generation loads DavidModels-transmission, generation, loads-David DuebnerGeneration Forecasts- John LawhornGe e at o o ecasts Jo a oCriteria- present, future
Political willEconomic performance criteria-order mattersReliability performance critieriaE l ti dEvaluation procedure
Merit evaluation definition
ISO-NE
MISO
ISO NE
OverlayNYISO
Hub
SPPPJM
TVA
EntergySouthern
Transmission Plan Based on Economic Studies
Paper 08TD0721 SlidesDale Osborn, Zheng Zhou
Paper 08TD0721 Slides
Midwest ISOApril, 2008p
dosborn@midwestiso.orgZzhou@midwestiso.org@ g
MISO PJMJ i dJoint and CommonMarket
WWW.JCSPSTUDY.ORG
Potential Congestion Relief $M/yr
IMO, $1,143
MISO, $5,808SE, $4,288
SPP, $1,162
NYISO $2 908
PJM, $6,679MAPP, $1,131
NYISO, $2,908
240,000 MW of Wind Generation
Market Flow
West to East Interface Flows OH-PA
25000
20000
15000
M
W
5000
10000
0
5000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
0 720 1440 2160 2880 3600 4320 5040 5760 6480 7200 7920 8640
Hour of the Year
West to East Flow with HVDC
25000
15000
20000
W
)
80% of Maximum Loading
10000
15000
l
o
w
(
M
W
5000
F
01 1008 2015 3022 4029 5036 6043 7050 8057
Hours
765 2200 2600-4500
345 kV - 765 kv Delivery Capacitywith a 5% voltage drop
on a losseles lineon a losseles line
3
3.5
2
2.5
3
L
1
1.5
2
P
U
S
I
L
0
0.5
1
00 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Miles
Transmission and Substation Costs per Mw-mile by Transmission Voltage And Type of Construction
3 2003,6004,000
2,4002,8003,200
M
i
l
e
Lowest cost options
1 2001,6002,000
$
/
M
w
-
M
400800
1,200
0345 kVSteel
WoodedA
2-345kkVon Steel
500 kV 765 kV 765 HSIL 800 kV GIL 1200 mile-800kVHVDC
Areas600 1200 1300 2600 5400 5300 6400Target typical planned loading Mw, use economics to choose voltage
HVDC Advantages
Lower cost per Mw-mileSmaller ROW- higher power densityD t i t f ith il d tiDoes not interfere with railroad operationsCan be undergrounded for water crossings for longer distances- Norway to the Netherlands is the longest -420 milesProvides unique dynamic characteristics to spread a disturbance over a large generation base quickly in a parallel manner Can link New Jersey to North Dakotageneration base quickly in a parallel manner. Can link New Jersey to North Dakota. No short circuit contributionsNo intermediate reactive control substations needed- if you need a tap use ACCombined with AC systems for contingent operation-5,000 Mw contingency designSchedulableSchedulable
Power flowPrice differencesFrequencyWind variabilityContingency responseMinimize loop flow
4,00016,000
63,000 MW of wind mandates
765 kV
800 kV HVDC
6400 MVA
Generation Connection Capability
240,000 MW of wind generation modeled as connected to the transmission systemas connected to the transmission system including the overlay180 000 MW f ti l ti180,000 MW of conventional generation modeled as connected to the transmission
t i l di th lsystem including the overlayThe overlay provides a place to connect generation and deliver the energy
1200/1600 MVA
+800 kV
1200/1600 MVA
400 kV+800 kV
1200/1600 MVABi Polar Transmission line
1200/1600 MVA -800 kV
-400 kV
1200/1600 MVA
-800 kV
400 MW can be connected per terminal, 1600 Mw total per line with a radial AC backup system
3 HVDC Lines would have 12 terminals at the source and12 terminals at the sinks 14 400 MW self contingentA
backup system
12 terminals at the sinks-14,400 MW self contingentAC
Advantage of looping transmission
For standard 2600 MW rated765 kV lines 2600 MW can bedelivered to the HVDC line
To HVDC
Which is rated at 4800 MW
Series capacitors, double circuits,HSIL construction all could doubleHSIL construction all could doubleThe delivery capability and thus Increase the generation Connection and delivery capability
To HVDC
Advantage of looping transmission
2600 MWCross links to a terminal or terminals can
2600 MW
double the delivery to the HVDC terminal
2600 Mwterminal
5200 MW for
standard d 765 kVrated 765 kV
Determine FuturesRenewable Future20% Wind Energy
+Environmental
$25/Ton CarbonTax
Wind Hourly Data
Power System Conceptual Design
$25/Ton CarbonTax+..
Generation Forecastand
Generation Location
Transmission Development
Wind Data from
Evaluation of other Futureswith this Futures
Transmission
Selection of A Robust
Wind Data fromSeconds to Hours
Transmission Conceptwith Future Specific
Transmission Expansions
Reliability Studyy y
Wind Integration StudySimulations to DetermineAdequacy of GenerationControls to Fit the Short
Term
LOLE
Real Time Simulation