EE 590Transmission Planning with

Significant Energy ResourcesDale Osborn

Significant Energy Resources

Midwest ISOOctober 13, 2008

dosborn@midwestiso.org

Historical Methods

Clairs presentationL l ti t l l l d d dLocal generation to serve local load-expanded on NERC or local reliability criteriaInterties built for reliability, power purchaseInterties built for reliability, power purchase opportunities, economics are a plus

LOLE, LOLP reduce the amount of generation that must be constructedconstructedContingency for major transmission loss- ice stormsAlso sell capacity and energy-power purchase would justify the line in early yearsSell economy energy

Transmission Planning Methods

Traditional Reliability Planning-David DuebnerDuebner

Find a problemFind the best solution

Energy ( Economic) Planning-Dale OsbornFind the opportunityDesign a system that would capture an g y peconomic share of the opportunity

New Factors that Require Changes in the Planning Methods

Open Access Transmission TariffsRTOs- breadth and speed of decision options greatly expandedg y

Generation Queue processesSingle transmission sourceEnergy MarketsReliability decisions on a wide area and not the sum of individualReliability decisions on a wide area and not the sum of individual decisions-State Estimator Model, Outage Coordination, AFC calcuations,Reliability Coordination, SettlementsUtility focused planning still required-RTOs fit the pieces together, they do not define the piecesdo not define the pieces

Energy MarketsAncillary Service Markets and Balancing Area consolidationWind Energy- RPSgyCarbon reductionsEnvironmental restrictionsLoad response

Transmission Design

Present transmission systems were not designed to run in multi-RTO energy market environments.gyGeneration generally was planned to serve load in a utility area.Interconnections were used to increase reliability byInterconnections were used to increase reliability by pooling generation reserves and for economic energy and power exchanges.Transmission could be designed to make the multiple energy markets efficient in the Eastern Interconnection. Capacity would still be planned locally for reliability p y p y ypurposes.

Design Criteria

What do you wish to have the transmission capable of doing?g

Peak power delivery- reliabilityEconomic energy delivery- Benefit/Cost ratioBoth- assignment of capabilitiesBoth- assignment of capabilitiesExporting of wind energy diversity

Who would pay for it?I t t d AC d iIntegrated AC designHVDC to separate the desing

How would they pay for it?Where would it be constructed?Sequencing- can you get from here to there?

What is needed to plan a transmission system

Stakeholder participation- Clair-scope of studyModels transmission generation loads DavidModels-transmission, generation, loads-David DuebnerGeneration Forecasts- John LawhornGe e at o o ecasts Jo a oCriteria- present, future

Political willEconomic performance criteria-order mattersReliability performance critieriaE l ti dEvaluation procedure

Merit evaluation definition

ISO-NE

MISO

ISO NE

OverlayNYISO

Hub

SPPPJM

TVA

EntergySouthern

Transmission Plan Based on Economic Studies

Paper 08TD0721 SlidesDale Osborn, Zheng Zhou

Paper 08TD0721 Slides

Midwest ISOApril, 2008p

dosborn@midwestiso.orgZzhou@midwestiso.org@ g

MISO PJMJ i dJoint and CommonMarket

WWW.JCSPSTUDY.ORG

Potential Congestion Relief $M/yr

IMO, $1,143

MISO, $5,808SE, $4,288

SPP, $1,162

NYISO $2 908

PJM, $6,679MAPP, $1,131

NYISO, $2,908

240,000 MW of Wind Generation

Market Flow

West to East Interface Flows OH-PA

25000

20000

15000

M

W

5000

10000

0

5000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

0 720 1440 2160 2880 3600 4320 5040 5760 6480 7200 7920 8640

Hour of the Year

West to East Flow with HVDC

25000

15000

20000

W

)

80% of Maximum Loading

10000

15000

l

o

w

(

M

W

5000

F

01 1008 2015 3022 4029 5036 6043 7050 8057

Hours

765 2200 2600-4500

345 kV - 765 kv Delivery Capacitywith a 5% voltage drop

on a losseles lineon a losseles line

3

3.5

2

2.5

3

L

1

1.5

2

P

U

S

I

L

0

0.5

1

00 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Miles

Transmission and Substation Costs per Mw-mile by Transmission Voltage And Type of Construction

3 2003,6004,000

2,4002,8003,200

M

i

l

e

Lowest cost options

1 2001,6002,000

$

/

M

w

-

M

400800

1,200

0345 kVSteel

WoodedA

2-345kkVon Steel

500 kV 765 kV 765 HSIL 800 kV GIL 1200 mile-800kVHVDC

Areas600 1200 1300 2600 5400 5300 6400Target typical planned loading Mw, use economics to choose voltage

HVDC Advantages

Lower cost per Mw-mileSmaller ROW- higher power densityD t i t f ith il d tiDoes not interfere with railroad operationsCan be undergrounded for water crossings for longer distances- Norway to the Netherlands is the longest -420 milesProvides unique dynamic characteristics to spread a disturbance over a large generation base quickly in a parallel manner Can link New Jersey to North Dakotageneration base quickly in a parallel manner. Can link New Jersey to North Dakota. No short circuit contributionsNo intermediate reactive control substations needed- if you need a tap use ACCombined with AC systems for contingent operation-5,000 Mw contingency designSchedulableSchedulable

Power flowPrice differencesFrequencyWind variabilityContingency responseMinimize loop flow

4,00016,000

63,000 MW of wind mandates

765 kV

800 kV HVDC

6400 MVA

Generation Connection Capability

240,000 MW of wind generation modeled as connected to the transmission systemas connected to the transmission system including the overlay180 000 MW f ti l ti180,000 MW of conventional generation modeled as connected to the transmission

t i l di th lsystem including the overlayThe overlay provides a place to connect generation and deliver the energy

1200/1600 MVA

+800 kV

1200/1600 MVA

400 kV+800 kV

1200/1600 MVABi Polar Transmission line

1200/1600 MVA -800 kV

-400 kV

1200/1600 MVA

-800 kV

400 MW can be connected per terminal, 1600 Mw total per line with a radial AC backup system

3 HVDC Lines would have 12 terminals at the source and12 terminals at the sinks 14 400 MW self contingentA

backup system

12 terminals at the sinks-14,400 MW self contingentAC

Advantage of looping transmission

For standard 2600 MW rated765 kV lines 2600 MW can bedelivered to the HVDC line

To HVDC

Which is rated at 4800 MW

Series capacitors, double circuits,HSIL construction all could doubleHSIL construction all could doubleThe delivery capability and thus Increase the generation Connection and delivery capability

To HVDC

Advantage of looping transmission

2600 MWCross links to a terminal or terminals can

2600 MW

double the delivery to the HVDC terminal

2600 Mwterminal

5200 MW for

standard d 765 kVrated 765 kV

Determine FuturesRenewable Future20% Wind Energy

+Environmental

$25/Ton CarbonTax

Wind Hourly Data

Power System Conceptual Design

$25/Ton CarbonTax+..

Generation Forecastand

Generation Location

Transmission Development

Wind Data from

Evaluation of other Futureswith this Futures

Transmission

Selection of A Robust

Wind Data fromSeconds to Hours

Transmission Conceptwith Future Specific

Transmission Expansions

Reliability Studyy y

Wind Integration StudySimulations to DetermineAdequacy of GenerationControls to Fit the Short

Term

LOLE

Real Time Simulation