Chapter 11 Sec 2Chapter 11 Sec 2

Radical Revolution and Radical Revolution and ReactionReaction

What were the differences What were the differences between the Girondins between the Girondins

and the Mountain?and the Mountain? The girondins represented the The girondins represented the

provincesprovinces. They feared the radical . They feared the radical mobs in Paris and leaned mobs in Paris and leaned toward toward keeping the king alivekeeping the king alive..

The mountain represented The mountain represented the the interests of the radicals in Parisinterests of the radicals in Paris

During the Reign of terror, During the Reign of terror, thousands of people were thousands of people were

killed by the guillotinekilled by the guillotinewhy do you think the why do you think the

revolutionaries decided to revolutionaries decided to use the guillotine to execute use the guillotine to execute

people?people? The guillotine was believed to The guillotine was believed to kill kill

quickly and humanelyquickly and humanely

Whom did the Whom did the Committee of Public Committee of Public safety consider to be safety consider to be enemies of the state?enemies of the state?

Anyone who Anyone who opposed the opposed the National ConventionNational Convention was was considered an enemyconsidered an enemy

How did the French How did the French revolutionary army help revolutionary army help

to create modern to create modern nationalism?nationalism?

It was the creation of It was the creation of people's people's governmentgovernment, not a professional , not a professional army established by a ruling army established by a ruling dynasty. dynasty.

Its wars were Its wars were people’s warspeople’s wars, not , not the dynastythe dynasty

Describe the government Describe the government that replaced the National that replaced the National

Convention.Convention. The new government had a The new government had a

legislative assemblylegislative assembly with two with two chambers and an chambers and an executive executive committeecommittee called called the directorythe directory

What factors helped What factors helped Napoleon overthrow the Napoleon overthrow the

Directory?Directory? Directory’s era was one of Directory’s era was one of corruptioncorruption and and

graftgraft It was faced with It was faced with political enemiespolitical enemies Unable to find a solution to the countries Unable to find a solution to the countries

economic problemseconomic problems Still carrying wars left from the committee Still carrying wars left from the committee

of Public Safetyof Public Safety It relied increasingly on the military to It relied increasingly on the military to

maintain its powermaintain its power Napoleon was a successful and Napoleon was a successful and popularpopular

generalgeneral

Who were members that Who were members that took up arms against took up arms against

France?France? AustriaAustria PrussiaPrussia SpainSpain PortugalPortugal BritainBritain Dutch RepublicDutch Republic RussiaRussia

What was the What was the result of this result of this conflict?conflict? New French army New French army

repelled invasionrepelled invasion

DefineDefine

FactionFaction Dissenting groups over theDissenting groups over the fate of fate of

the kingthe king ElectorElector IndividualsIndividuals qualified to vote qualified to vote in an in an

electionelection Coup d'étatCoup d'état Sudden overthrow of the governmentSudden overthrow of the government

Georges DantonGeorges Danton

Minister of justiceMinister of justice Sought Sought revengerevenge on those who had on those who had

aided the king and resisted popular aided the king and resisted popular willwill

Led to thousands of Led to thousands of arrestsarrests and a and a massacremassacre

Jean-Paul MaratJean-Paul Marat

Published radical journal called Published radical journal called Friend of the peopleFriend of the people

Called for Called for mob violencemob violence Right for the Right for the poor to take by forcepoor to take by force

what they needed from the richwhat they needed from the rich

Committee of Public Committee of Public SafetySafety

Committee of 12 peopleCommittee of 12 people Acted to Acted to defend France from foreign defend France from foreign

and domestic threatsand domestic threats Put in place the Put in place the Reign of TerrorReign of Terror

Close to 40,000 people were killedClose to 40,000 people were killed

Maximilien RobespierreMaximilien Robespierre

Led the Led the Committee of Public SafetyCommittee of Public Safety Member of Member of National ConventionNational Convention Anyone opposed be being Anyone opposed be being governed governed

by the general willby the general will should be should be executedexecuted

Reign of TerrorReign of Terror

Put in place by committee of public safetyPut in place by committee of public safety 12 month period from 1793-179412 month period from 1793-1794 Prosecute Prosecute internal enemies of the internal enemies of the

revolutionary republicrevolutionary republic 40,000 people were killed 16,000 by 40,000 people were killed 16,000 by

guillotineguillotine Executions were held in places that had Executions were held in places that had

openly rebelledopenly rebelled against the authority of against the authority of the National Conventionthe National Convention