C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Harmonic CharacterizationHarmonic Characterization

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Harmonic CharacterizationHarmonic Characterization

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

BrazilBrazil PUCRSPUCRS Introduction Introduction ObjectivesObjectives Power QualityPower Quality Harmonic CharacterizationHarmonic Characterization The Harmonic Mitigation SchemesThe Harmonic Mitigation Schemes

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

The Harmonic Mitigation SchemesThe Harmonic Mitigation Schemes

Passive Harmonic Trap Filters (HTF)Passive Harmonic Trap Filters (HTF) Single-Switch Three-Phase Boost Single-Switch Three-Phase Boost

RectifierRectifier Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier

(AC-DC converter)(AC-DC converter) Objectives Objectives Active Power FilterActive Power Filter

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Passive Harmonic Trap Filters (HTF)Passive Harmonic Trap Filters (HTF)

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Harmonic Trap FiltersHarmonic Trap Filters

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Using HTF for the 5Using HTF for the 5thth and 7 and 7th th harmonicharmonic

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0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819202122232425

THD = 2.26 %

Harmonic amplitude in percent of the fundamental component

Using HTF for the 5Using HTF for the 5thth and 7 and 7th th harmonicharmonic

PMSG output currentPMSG output current

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Using HTF for the 5Using HTF for the 5thth and 7 and 7th th harmonicharmonic

PMSG output voltagePMSG output voltage

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Single-Switch Three-Phase Boost RectifierSingle-Switch Three-Phase Boost Rectifier

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Single-Switch Single-Switch Three-Phase Boost RectifierThree-Phase Boost Rectifier

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Three-phase PMSG output currents Three-phase PMSG output currents

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Three-phase bridge rectifier input currents Three-phase bridge rectifier input currents

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PMSG output currentPMSG output current

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

PMSG output voltagePMSG output voltage

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Three-Phase Boost type PWM RectifierThree-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Three-Phase Boost type PWM RectifierThree-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier

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Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier IGBT Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier IGBT + Diode current+ Diode current

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Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier input Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier input currents currents

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Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier line Three-Phase Boost type PWM Rectifier line to line voltage to line voltage

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PMSG output currentPMSG output current

0.000

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

0.009

0.010

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

THD = 0.06 %

Harmonic amplitude in percent of the fundamental component

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PMSG output voltagePMSG output voltage

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

1 101 201 301 401 501 601 701 801 901 1001 1101 1201 1301 1401 1501 1601 1701 1801 1901

THD = 96.25 %

Harmonic amplitude in percent of the fundamental component

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

BrazilBrazil PUCRSPUCRS Introduction Introduction ObjectivesObjectives Power QualityPower Quality Harmonic Characterization Harmonic Characterization The Harmonic Mitigation SchemesThe Harmonic Mitigation Schemes Power LossesPower Losses

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

Power LossesPower Losses

PMSG lossesPMSG losses Bridge Rectifier LossesBridge Rectifier Losses Harmonic Trap Filter LossesHarmonic Trap Filter Losses Semiconductor LossesSemiconductor Losses Mechanical lossesMechanical losses

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PMSG losses reference circuitPMSG losses reference circuit

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PMSG lossesPMSG losses

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PMSG lossesPMSG losses

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ConclusionsConclusions

• In this work three well-known harmonic In this work three well-known harmonic mitigation solutions were applied to PMSG mitigation solutions were applied to PMSG WECS AC to DC conversion. They were WECS AC to DC conversion. They were the HTF, the PFC and the PWM. Harmonic the HTF, the PFC and the PWM. Harmonic trap filters are easily implemented by trap filters are easily implemented by passive components but they are normally passive components but they are normally implemented with bulk components. implemented with bulk components.

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ConclusionsConclusions

• Notwithstanding the HTF had presented the Notwithstanding the HTF had presented the good THD results they are not the best good THD results they are not the best solution once they are a matched solution solution once they are a matched solution for a specific operation point (wind speed for a specific operation point (wind speed and output power). The losses study also and output power). The losses study also has demonstrated that the PMSG efficiency has demonstrated that the PMSG efficiency ((ηη) remains practically constant and the ) remains practically constant and the system system ηη is the lowest when the HTF are is the lowest when the HTF are used. used.

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

ConclusionsConclusions

• For these reasons, it is not a recommended For these reasons, it is not a recommended way out to obtain harmonic mitigation on way out to obtain harmonic mitigation on PMSG WECS. On the other hand, the PMSG WECS. On the other hand, the single-switch three-phase boost rectifier single-switch three-phase boost rectifier has presented encouraged results. Such has presented encouraged results. Such as: low current and voltage THD, simple as: low current and voltage THD, simple power topology and control circuit, can power topology and control circuit, can work in all wind conditions and presents a work in all wind conditions and presents a real reduction of the PMSG total losses.real reduction of the PMSG total losses.

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ConclusionsConclusions

• Which allow expecting an increasing in the Which allow expecting an increasing in the PMSG lifetime without reduction of the PMSG lifetime without reduction of the power capability. The main drawbacks of power capability. The main drawbacks of this topology are a) the conduction losses this topology are a) the conduction losses in the BR diodes and switch Q1 since the in the BR diodes and switch Q1 since the high RMS current value caused by the high RMS current value caused by the DCM operation and b) the high output DCM operation and b) the high output voltage 1 kV. Both problems could be voltage 1 kV. Both problems could be minimized using proper diodes and switch minimized using proper diodes and switch like IGBT. like IGBT.

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

ConclusionsConclusions

• With the actual technology these problems With the actual technology these problems could be easily solved. The PWM rectifier could be easily solved. The PWM rectifier was studied once if this complex converter was studied once if this complex converter is possible to obtain ideal PF and THD. But is possible to obtain ideal PF and THD. But the losses study has show results very the losses study has show results very closed to that obtained with the Single closed to that obtained with the Single Switch Boost Converter. The main Switch Boost Converter. The main advantage is that with this converter is advantage is that with this converter is possible to work with output voltages possible to work with output voltages around 600V in spite of 1000V.around 600V in spite of 1000V.

C u r t i n & P U C R SC u r t i n & P U C R S

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

• It was a pleasure be here I have enjoy the It was a pleasure be here I have enjoy the last six months as the bets in work life.last six months as the bets in work life.

• Special thanks to: Professor Syed Islam Special thanks to: Professor Syed Islam and all staff members.and all staff members.

• I hope see you again here or in BRAZIL.I hope see you again here or in BRAZIL.