Alek Tarkowski at Creative Commons Ireland event
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Transcript of Alek Tarkowski at Creative Commons Ireland event
Alek Tarkowski
Creative Commons Poland
Open All? Open Policies for User Rights and Freedoms
„Open All”
• Open = Access to Content + User Rights
• Is „open convergence” possible, towards a single standard of open?`
• Access vs. (Re)use • Public vs. Private content:
obligatory vs. voluntary norms
From grassroots activity to top-down policies
• Policies provide strong leverage for implementation of open standards
• Public character (funding) of content a strong argument for openness: the commons / public infrastructure
• Policies lack the element of personal, voluntary decision – but are an expression of a consensus as to the „management” of common resources
Open all: template
• Repositories • Metadata • Author / publisher /
intermediary compliance • Legal / licensing standards • Use / reuse practices (by users)
Licensing debate
• Strong open licensing is crucial for OER and other areas, where reuse is of key importance (open data)
• Public funding – strong argument for fully open licensing, despite content type
• Open Knowledge De"nition as a underlying / uni"ying mechanism for standards negotiation
Beyond the licensing debate: CC
Beyond the licensing debate: CC
• We are dedicated stewards of our licenses and tools […] But the CC vision—universal access to research and education and full participation in culture—will not be realized through licensing alone.
• CC licenses are not a substitute for users’ rights, and CC supports ongoing efforts to reform copyright law to strengthen users’ rights and expand the public domain.
EU: Beyond the licensing debate
• EU: 2013: Licences for Europe + Copyright consultation
• The example of Text and Data Mining (licensing vs. Open Access vs. copyright exception)
• Fear of using the existence of open licensing models as an excuse for lack of copyright reform
• (open licensing in the Directive on Collective Management of Copyright)
Poland
Poland: Open Textbooks
• Context for governmental open education programs: OER developments in Poland in last 5 years • 2008: Coalition for Open Education
(KOED) • Public OER projects („Polska szkoła”) • Policy debate since 2010
Poland: Open Textbooks
• 2012: Open Textbooks project • Part of larger „Digital school” program • CC BY + WCAG + open format • No o$cial policy behind it but…
• Additional programs: • Scholaris portal • Purchase of rights to key
literature for making it public • … suggest that the OER model is
being adopted
Open Public Resources Act
• General model from the „Open textbooks” project
• Complimentary to Public Sector Information rules -> together would form a general open norm for public content
• Inspiration drawn from AUSGOAL and NZGOAL frameworks
• 2013: Bill proposal
Open Public Resources Act
• Beyond PSI access / reuse rules • Public and publicly funded (50%?) • Transfer of rights or co-ownership of
rights to a work (instead of licensing, a major point of contention)
• Three tiers of openness + opt-out clause
• Embargo period
Open Public Resources Act
• Criticism: • Focused solely on cultural works • Portrayed as a wholesale taking
away of all creators’ copyrights by the state; robbing of artists of their money
• Little controversy over education (previous debate on textbooks / science
Europe: Open all?
• OA: Framework Programs -> Horizon 20202
• OER: „Opening Up Educaton” • Open data: Reuse Directive • But also … Copyright Directive
review: exceptions & limitations
Opening Up Education
• Pragmatic approach instead of an ideological one? (with risk of ‘openwashing’)
• (which OA already knows this very well) • Educators, students don’t necessarily
care about openness – they care about a%ordability, e$ciency, ease of use, quality
• And therefore policymakers care about this too
CC’s OER policy project http://oerpolicy.eu Policy research: textbook production models, exceptions and limitations for education, mythbusting Policy event in European parliament: 18th February with MEP Róża Thun