Synergy Learning Solutions
What is Instructional Design?
Skills needed?
Instructional Design
Importance
Course Design
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Definition
Instructional design is the practice of maximizing the effectiveness, efficiency and appeal of instructionand other learning experiences.
History
Foundations of Instructional Design were laid in World War 11
US Military needed to train large numbers on complex technical tasks
Training focussed on observable behaviours
Mastery was assumed possible for every learner given enough repetition and feedbackAfter the war, these principles were carried into the business sector
Blooms Taxonomy
Blooms taxonomy of learning:
• People learn by what they do (Psychomotor)
• People learn by what they know or think (Cognitive)
• People learn by what they feel (Affective)
ADDIE
AnalyzeDesign
ADDIE
Develop
Perhaps the most common model in Instructional Design is the ADDIE model.
Implement
Evaluate
Dick & CareyAnother model commonly used by Instructional Designers.
Identify instructional
goals
Conduct instructional
analysis
Analyze learners and
context
Write performance
objectives
Revise instruction
Develop assessment instruments
Develop instructional
strategy
Develop / design instructional
material
Design / conduct
formative evaluation
Design / conduct
summative evaluation
Learning Objectives
Why are these important?
A learning objective describes what the learner will gain from the instruction.
A learning objective generally has three parts:• A measurable verb
• A condition
• A criteria.
A learning objective sets the scene as to where you are going and increases the chance of you getting there!
A learning objective focuses and organises the learning.
Types of Objectives
Course Objectives
Chapter Objective
s
Objectives
High level – what do you want the learner
to achieve after completing this
course?
LessonObjective
s
More specific – what do you want the
learner to achieve after completing this
chapter?
Very detailed – what do you want the learner to
achieve after this lesson?
Recap / Revision
1
2
3
Revision or recaps work in the opposite way:
Recap or revise after each lesson
Then after each chapter
And again at the end of the course.
What is the Gunning FOG Index?
The Gunning FOG Index is a tool which measures the readability of your writing.
A Gunning FOG Index of around 12 is suitable for a high school graduate although the generally accepted norm is around 8.
It is used to confirm that the language used is suitable for the intended audience.
What is the Gunning FOG Index?
http://gunning-fog-index.com/
Working out readability the long way:
• Select a paragraph (on average about 100 words).
• Divide the number of words by the number of sentences to find the average sentence length.
• Count the “complex” words – those with 3 or more syllables.• Add the average sentence length and the percentage of complex words.
• Multiply the result by 0.4
ORUse an Internet tool like the one found at
Skills…
Ability to conduct a needs analysis
Ability to start with the end in mind
Ability to think like a student
Ability to write storyboards & training material in an uncomplicated manner
Ability to gather information and arrange it in a logical manner
Ability to think “out the box”
Ability to see the big picture but also to drill down to detail
What’s the one piece of advice that supercedes all
others?
Know your target audience !
Know your target audience !
Know your target audience !
Know your target audience !
Know y
our ta
rget
aud
ienc
e !
Know your target audience !
Know your target audienceAlthough we cant “box” people, we can say, based on the Honey & Mumford theory, that learners fall into four general types:
THEO
RIST
ACTI
VIST
REFL
ECTO
R
PRAG
MAT
IST
It provides context and perspective….
Than merely putting together information…
It uses clear set goals to focus learners …
It takes the learner from the known to the unknown…
Instructional design is so much more..
IMPORTANCE
It engages learners on their learning journey…
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