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Vertebrates
Fishes
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
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Fi shes
A. Jawless Fish
B. Cartilage Fish
C. Bony Fish
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A. J awless Fi sh
1. Agnathans2. No jaws
3. Smooth scale-less skin
4. Cylindrical body
5. Parasitic_
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6 . Examples:a. lamprey_
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6 . Examples:a. lamprey_
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b. hagfish_
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B. C art ilage Fi sh
1. Chondrichthyes2. Hinged jaw
3. Paired fins_
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4. Lateral line- detectsmovement in water
5. Kidneys- remove waste andmaintain water balance_
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6 . Examples:a. sharks_
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b. rays & skates_
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C. Bony Fi sh
1. Osteichthyesa. lung fish
b. lobe-finned fish
c. ray-finned fish
2. Swim bladder- filled with gas3. Ectothermy- body
temperature determined byenvironment
4. Examples:
a. tuna
b. bluefish
c. salmon
d. guppies_
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THE END
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Amphibians
A. Characteristics
B. Examples
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A. C haracter ist ics
1. First vertebrates to live onland_
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2. Three chambered heart3. Smooth skin_
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B. Ex amples
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1. Newts & salamandersa. visible tail
b. smooth moist skin
c. legs extend outward frombody
d. walk side to side_
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2. Frogs and toadsa. no claws on toes
b. go throughmetamorphosis_
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3. Caeciliansa. small eyes
b. worm-like body_
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THE END
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Rept iles
A. Characteristics
B. Examples
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A. C haracter ist ics
1. First vertebrates to evolveadaptations for a life stylewithout water
a. waterproof skin (dry hardscales)
b. egg with protective shell_
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1. Snakes_
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2. Lizards_
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3. Turtles & tortoises_
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THE END
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Birds
A. Characteristics
B. Examples
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A. C haracter ist ics
1. Ancestor of modern bird hadreptilian features
a. archeaopteryx
2. Feathers
3. Hollow bones (light weight)_
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4. Four chambered heart5. Endotherms- warm blooded_
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B. Ex amples
1. Passeriformes- songbirds
2. Adodiformes- fast flyers
3. Piciformes- woodpeckers ortoucans
4. Psittaciformes- parrots
5. Charadriiformes- shorebirds6 . Columbiformes- pigeons
7. Falconiformes- birds of prey
8. Galliformes- game birds_
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9. Gruiformes- marsh birds10 . Anseriformes- water fowl11 . Strigiformes- owls12. Ciconiiformes- waders13. Procellariformes- sea birds
14. Sphenisciformes- penguins15. Dinornithiformes- kiwis16 . Struthioniformes- ostriches_
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THE END
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A. C haracter ist ics
1. Mammary glands to feed young
2. Have hair
3. Endothermic_
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B. Ex amples
1. Rodentia- small plant-eaters
2. Chiroptera- flying
3. Insectivora- small, burrowing
4. Marsupialia- pouched
5. Carnivora- carnivorouspredators
6 . Primates- tree-dwellers
7. Artiodactyla- hoofed_
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8. Cetacea- fully marine
9. Lagomorpha- rodentlikejumpers
10 . Pinnipedia- marine carnivores11 . Edentata- toothless insect-
eaters12. Perissodactyla- hoofed, one
or three toes13. Proboscidea- long-trunked
herbivores_
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1. MonOtremes
a. lay eggs
b. example- platypus_
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2. MarsUpials
a. underdeveloped youngcrawl into a pouch todevelop completely
b. examples- kangaroo,opossum, koala_
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3. Placental
a. most successful mammals
b. give birth to developedyoung
c. examples- humans, dogs,
dolphins, whales,rhinoceros, and bats_
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THE END
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5. Examples:
a. lamprey_
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b. hagfish
B. C art ilage Fi sh
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1. Chondrichthyes
2. Hinged jaw
3. Paired fins_
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6 . Examples:
a. sharks_
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6 . Examples:
a. sharks_
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b. rays_
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b. rays_
A. C haracter ist ics
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1. First vertebrates to live on
land_
A. C haracter ist ics
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1. First vertebrates to live on
land_
h h b d h
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2. Three chambered heart
3. Smooth skin_
A. C haracter ist ics
1 Fi b l
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1. First vertebrates to evolve
adaptations for a life stylewithout water
a. waterproof skin (dry hardscales)
b. egg with protective shell_
A. C haracter ist ics
1 Fi b l
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1. First vertebrates to evolve
adaptations for a life stylewithout water
a. waterproof skin (dry hardscales)
b. egg with protective shell_
B. Ex amples
1 S k
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1. Snakes_
A. C haracter ist ics
1 A t f d bi d h d
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1. Ancestor of modern bird had
reptilian featuresa. archeaopteryx
2. Feathers
3. Hollow bones (light weight)_
4 F h b d h t
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4. Four chambered heart
5. Endotherms- warm blooded_
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