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45021-002: Anhui Intermodal SustainableTransport Development Project
ADB Training Course
November 2012
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Step Date
Relationship building and training (RIOH and iRAP) 2008-2010
Anhui mission with ADB to establish road network forassessment
Oct 2012
GRSF (Bloomberg) grant to iRAP signed Nov 2012
iRAP engage RIOH to lead in-country activities Nov 2012
Data collection (road survey, crash data, economics) andcoding by RIOH and AHAB
Dec 2012
Star Ratings, Safer Roads Investment Plan Jan-Feb 2012
Research and development Oct-Mar 2012
Reporting March 2012
Assessing Inception Report designs Oct-2012
45021-002: Anhui Intermodal SustainableTransport Development Project
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Progress
1. We have a baseline risk assessment2. We have an economic assessment
3. Star Rating feasibility road designs and suggestions for
improvement
4. Setting performance indicators for Anhui roads in DesignMonitoring Framework
5. Star Rating preliminary and detailed designs
6. Post construction Star Ratings
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Example Road: G206 Dongliu to Yaodu
Upgrade to Class 1 Length: 16.6km
Traffic: 6,031 pcu(27,776 pcu in 2030)
85th % speeds = 84km/h;av speeds = 69km/h
Estimated death rate: 0.11deaths per km
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Video of road
1:45 NMV
2:20 Peds
3:00 overtaking
30:35 - int
31:25 - overtaking
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Road name Vertical alignment
Section Road condition and skid resistance
Carriageway Sidewalk provision (left and right)
Distance Land use (left and right)
Length Parking (side friction)
Latitude Pedestrian crossing facility (and quality)
Longitude Pedestrian footpaths
Landmark Facilities for bicycles
Vehicle flows Pedestrian fencing
Motorcycle flows Facilities for motorised two wheelers
Bicycle flows Lighting
Pedestrian flows Service road
Area type Property access density
Number of lanes for use by through traffic Roadside severity (left and right)
Speed Intersection type (and quality and use)
Lane widths for lanes serving through traffic Median type
Paved shoulder width Major upgrade cost
Unpaved shoulder width Comments
Centreline and shoulder rumble strips Roadworks
Curvature Overtaking demand
Quality of curve Delineation
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Risk factors(or Crash Modification Factors)
Examples:
Lynham, D. (TRL), 2012, Development of risk models forthe road assessment programme (www.trl.co.uk)
Crash Modification Factors Clearinghouse(www.cmfclearinghouse.org) (US DOT)
National Cooperative Highway Research Program
(NCHRP), Transportation Research Board (TRB),(2009) Highway Safety Manual Knowledge Base
Elvik, R., Hoye, A., Vaa, T. and Sorensen, M (2009) TheHandbook of Road Safety Measures, 2nd ed, EmeraldGroup, United Kingdom
Austroads (2002-07) Road Safety Risk Assessment Project McMahon, K. and Dahdah. S. (2008). The True Cost of
Road Crashes: Valuing life and the cost of a serious injury.http://www.irap.org
MIROS, Accident Characteristics of Injured Motorcyclists inRoad Crashes in Malaysia
http://www.trl.co.uk/http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/collateral/HSM_knowledge_document.pdfhttp://www.irap.org/http://www.irap.org/http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/collateral/HSM_knowledge_document.pdfhttp://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/http://www.trl.co.uk/7/30/2019 [T6] iRAP Case Study 1 Peoples Republic of China
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Example CMF
Horizontal curvature
Very sharp6.0
Curve relativerisk factors:
Sharp3.5
Moderate2.2
Straight1.0
Source: ARRB and Austroads
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Example CMF
Roadside severity
Source: Stigsson ~45% higher than deformable object
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Equations in ViDA
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VEHICLEOCCUPANTS
5
4
3
2
1
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VEHICLE
OCCUPANTS
MOTORCYCLISTS PEDESTRIANS BICYCLISTS
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Baseline Star Ratings
STAR RATINGSVEHICLE
OCCUPANTSMOTORCYCLISTS BICYCLISTS PEDESTRIANS
5 0% 0% 0% 0%
4 0% 0% 0% 0%
3 31% 13% 0% 0%
2 64% 26% 39% 8%
1 6% 61% 28% 93%
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Value of human life
iRAP rule of thumb: 70 x GDP per capita Serious injury: 0.25 x 70 x GDP per capita
Deaths:serious injuries: 1:10
On this basis for China
Human life: 70 x 5,715 = $400,050
Serious injury: 0.25 x 70 x 5,715 = $100,013
RIOH research indicates value of human life:RMB 3,009,369 ($476,360)
Source: McMahon, K. and Dahdah. S. (2008). The True Cost of Road Crashes:
Valuing life and the cost of a serious injury. http://www.irap.org
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Cost of deaths and serious injurieson G206 Dongliu to Yaodu
Deaths =
2.3 x RMB 3,009,369 = RMB 6.8 million per year
Serious injuries =
23 x RMB 3,009,369 x 0.25 = 16.9 million per year
Total cost =RMB 23.7 million per year
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What can we do to improve the StarRatings (and reduce economic costs?)
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Countermeasure proposals
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Improve curve [email protected]
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Construct [email protected]
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Construct roundabout@1293km
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LIGHTING
EXTRA LANES EXTRA LANES (PEDS)
INCREASED SPEED
(ASSUME 90KM/H)
FOOTPATH &
BICYCLE PATH
FIXED OBJECTS
MEDIANPAVED SHOULDER
INTERSECTIONS?
ALIGNMENT?
PAVEMENT DELINEATION
CHANGES IN LAND
USE?
PEDESTRIANMOVEMENTS
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STAR RATING BASELINE PROPOSED
5 0% 0%
4 0% 0%3 31% 34%
2 64% 63%
1 6% 4%
Vehicle occupants
Key assumptions: traffic, pedestrian and bicycle flows same as baseline; 85th % speeds = 90km/h;alignment same as baseline; intersection and property access locations and layout same as baseline.Street lighting poles are non-frangible; medians are not traversable with non-frangible trees;passenger-side paved shoulders are wide, driver-side are narrow.
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Motorcyclists
STAR RATING BASELINE PROPOSED
5 0% 0%
4 0% 0%3 13% 11%
2 26% 85%
1 61% 5%
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Bicyclists
STAR RATING BASELINE PROPOSED
5 0% 0%
4 0% 42%
3 0% 20%
2 39% 0%
1 28% 0%
NOT RATED 34% 39%
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Bicyclists
BASELINE PROPOSED
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Pedestrians
STAR RATING BASELINE PROPOSED
5 0% 0%
4 0% 0%3 0% 0%
2 8% 97%
1 93% 4%
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Economic assessment
ANNUALDEATHS AND
SERIOUS INJURIES
ECONOMIC
COST
BASELINE 25 RMB 24 m
* Traffic volumes based on Inception Report forecasts. No adjustments have been made to pedestrianand bicyclist activity at this stage.
PROPOSED (2030 TRAFFIC) * 59 RMB 56 m
CHANGE +137% +137%
PROPOSED (CURRENT TRAFFIC) 16 RMB 16 m
CHANGE -34% -34%
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Additional countermeasures
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Next Steps
1. We have a baseline risk assessment2. We have an economic assessment
3. Star Rating feasibility road designs and suggestions for
improvement
4. Setting performance indicators for Anhui roads in DesignMonitoring Framework
5. Star Rating preliminary and detailed designs
6. Post construction Star Ratings
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