Robert Gagne’s Instruction Design Model; “The Nine Events of Instruction” Objectives

• What are the Nine Events of Instruction? • How are these events related to the learning process?

Robert Gagne

• American educational psychologist • Conditions of Learning • Instructional Theory • Instructional Design Model

According to Robert Gagne, there are nine events that activate processes needed for

effective learning.

Instructional Design Model

• Gagne created a nine-step process called The Events of Instruction • The events of instruction are related to the learning process • The events of instruction lead to various learning outcomes • The events of instruction support the internal processes of learning

1. Gain Attention

• Capture the attention of those learning (animated tutorial) • Stimuli that ensure reception of coming instruction

2. Inform Learner of Objectives

• Internal process of expectancy • List of learning objectives • Level of expectation for learning • What will the learner be able to perform after the instruction? • Motivate the learner to complete the lesson.

3. Stimulate Recall of Prior Learning

• Recall of existing, relevant knowledge • Retrieval to working, short-term memory

• Previous experience, previous concepts • Correlate new information with prior knowledge

4. Present Stimulus Material

• Display the content • Pattern recognition; selective perception • New content (chunked, explained, then demonstrated) • Multimedia (audio, video, graphics)

5. Provide Learner Guidance

• Guidance on the new content • Chunking, rehearsal, encoding • Assist learners in order to encode information for long-term storage • Guidance strategies (case studies, examples, mnemonics)

6. Elicit Performance

• Practice (new skills or behavior) • Confirm correct understanding • Demonstrating learning • Retrieval, responding

7. Provide Feedback

• Specific, immediate feedback on learner's performance • Reinforcement, error correction

8. Assess Performance

• Post-test, final assessment • No additional coaching; feedback • Mastery of material

9. Enhance Retention and Transfer

• Determine whether or not the skills were learned • Apply the skills that were learned • Retention, retrieval, generalization

References

• Gagne's Learning Outcomes http://online.sfsu.edu/~foreman/itec800/finalprojects/annie/gagne'slearningoutcome.html

• Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction --http://online.sfsu.edu/~foreman/itec800/finalprojects/annie/gagne'snineevents.html

• Conditions of Learning http://tip.psychology.org/gagne.html

• Conditions of Learning: Exponent/Originator http://www.educationau.edu.au/archives/cp/04d.htm

• Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction http://ide.ed.psu.edu/idde/9events.htm

• Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction: An Introduction http://www.e-learningguru.com/articles/art3_3.htm

• The Nine Events of Instruction http://hungary.usembassy.gov/uploads/images/94KMTTRtqw2d0Ii-AmOyeA/gagnes

Thank you, Christopher Pappas www.christopher-pappas.com