1Prepared by: Kath Casey Martha Muryanto [20190255]
A Conceptual Framework for
Examining Adolescent
Identity, Media Influence and
Social Development
Blake Te’Neil Lloyd
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Presentation Outline Introduction Background/Objectives Theoretical framework Suggested framework Further Study/Research recommendations Strengths of the article Weaknesses of the article Conclusion Discussion
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Why we chose this article Both Martha and I are interested in the influence
of mass media on the development of adolescents Martha has a friend that is consumed by the media
negatively I work with students who are strongly influenced by
the media. The media influences how they act, what they wear and their goals in life. They have superficial reasons for their selection of role models.
We both chose this article and that’s why we’re presenting it together. (Thanks to wikispace.com for making it easier! )
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Background to research Development of adolescent identity External influences on adolescent development Influence of mass media devices on adolescent
development Increase of media on the social development of adolescents
(how they act) Change in the study of adolescents Need for a comprehensive model that closely considers
aspects of the 21st Century. Theories of mass media are embedded in the origins of
sociology Adolescents attracted to forms of mass media - assist to
understand their environment
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Objectives of the article Offer a theoretical understanding of
adolescent consumption of media Review of mass communication theory,
development theory and ecological theory.
Linkages between media exposure and adolescent development (social competence and identity formation).
Consideration of positive and negative aspects of adolescent cognition and behaviours.
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Theories First theories of mass communication
(S-R) Brofenbrenner’s ecological
perspective: Behaviour Four major systems of behaviour including:
Microsystem Mesosystem Exosystem Macrosystem
Identity and adolescent relationship
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Theorists continued…..
Blos’ “Character” refers to “identity” Four challenges to get to adolescent stage
Sullivan, Cooley and Mead’s Interpersonal relationship Three modes of experiences
Elkind Adolescents expectations Adolescent egocentrism
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A few more theories…. Erikson’s identity formation
Stages Identity Relationship between media and identity
Ethnic identity Cooley and Mead’s symbolic
Interactionist Theory Comparison between theories
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Recap of the theories….
Behaviour : a function of the interaction between the person and the environment
Human behaviour in context: situational, interpersonal, sociological, cultural, historical, and, of course, theoretical
Bronfenbrenner’s multiple layers of contextual influences
Blo’s theory Sullivan, Cooley and Mead’s interpersonal
relationship Elkind’s expectations and egocentrism Erikson’s identity formation theory Ethnic Identity Cooley and Mead’s symbolic interactionist
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AIMSS framework
What does it stand for? AIMSS: An integrated Framework for examining
Identity, Media and Socio-cognitive Schema. Cognitive responses from adolescents to mass
media Framework could assist further research (discuss
later) Application of developmental theory Preventative intervention Analysis of pro-social messages to adolescents
from the media
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AIMSS model (interactions)
12Components of AIMSS framework Theoretical Perspectives Analysis of interaction between components Application of AIMSS to adolescents
Social competence Cognitive process What if scenarios
Considerations of socio-cognitive schemas Proactive Reactive Reactive coping methods
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Further research/study considerations Theoretical frameworks Hypothetical situation Four considerations outlined by the author
Development of instruments Development theory Conceptualisation of key developmental
tasks Study of adolescents who identify the media
as having a pro-social influence.
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Stay focussed…..not long to go.
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Summary/ Conclusion Considerations of theoretical frameworks Over time, mass communication theories
change. Several researchers believe that adolescent
general feelings of well being are influenced by: Social development Biological development Cognitive development
Study of adolescent development has moved from a narrow focus to a study of different developmental processes
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Strengths Influences of changing environment Considerations of the broad perspectives of
adolescence Consideration of the rapid advancement of
mass communication Balanced consideration of positive and
negative influences of mass media on adolescent development
Appropriate versus inappropriate behaviours.
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Weaknesses Generalisation of adolescence Importance of gender considerations –
Erika Frydenberg (1997) Considerations of the idea of ‘self’ –
James E. Cote (2002) Theoretical and hypothetical – specific
considerations for research – Ginsburg and Bronstein (1993)
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References: Blake, Te’Neil Lloyd (2002)
A conceptual framework for examining adolescent identity, media influence, and social development, Review of General Psychology, 6(1): 73-91.
Picture is taken from http://www.rachelsblog.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/portrait-template1.jpg
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References: Cote, J. E. (2002) Identity formation, agency,
and culture: a social psychological synthesis [electronic resource] Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Frydenberg, E. (1997) Adolescent coping: theoretical and research perspectives, London: Routledge
Ginsberg, G. S. and Bronstein, P. (1993) Family factors related to children’s intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientations and academic performance, Child Development, 64(4-6): 1461-1474.
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Discussion Questions:
1a.DISCUSS an experience when media have help you engage with your study.e.g When you listen to music or use TV as ambient background
b. HOW did this influence the effectiveness of your study?
2. Do you think the use of media increased your motivation to study or decreased it?
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Discussion Questions:3. Did media have any influence on your
perspective about achievement?e.g Are you motivated to strive for better or it set you back?
4. Throughout your adolescence, did you preference of mass media devices change? WHAT is your preference as an adult?
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Discussion Questions:5. We often focus on the reactive responses of
adolescents to mass media influences (aggressive anti-social behaviour, violent video games etc.). In groups of 3-4, LIST some proactive responses adolescences may experience from media influences (empathy etc.).-If possible, PROVIDE specific examples.
6. Different cultures may have different views on the effectiveness of media as a tool for study and learning. In your experience, HOW does your culture view/portray the effectiveness (or pro or cons) of following forms of media?: