1Prepared by: Kath Casey Martha Muryanto [20190255]

A Conceptual Framework for

Examining Adolescent

Identity, Media Influence and

Social Development

Blake Te’Neil Lloyd

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Presentation Outline Introduction Background/Objectives Theoretical framework Suggested framework Further Study/Research recommendations Strengths of the article Weaknesses of the article Conclusion Discussion

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Why we chose this article Both Martha and I are interested in the influence

of mass media on the development of adolescents Martha has a friend that is consumed by the media

negatively I work with students who are strongly influenced by

the media. The media influences how they act, what they wear and their goals in life. They have superficial reasons for their selection of role models.

We both chose this article and that’s why we’re presenting it together. (Thanks to wikispace.com for making it easier! )

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Background to research Development of adolescent identity External influences on adolescent development Influence of mass media devices on adolescent

development Increase of media on the social development of adolescents

(how they act) Change in the study of adolescents Need for a comprehensive model that closely considers

aspects of the 21st Century. Theories of mass media are embedded in the origins of

sociology Adolescents attracted to forms of mass media - assist to

understand their environment

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Objectives of the article Offer a theoretical understanding of

adolescent consumption of media Review of mass communication theory,

development theory and ecological theory.

Linkages between media exposure and adolescent development (social competence and identity formation).

Consideration of positive and negative aspects of adolescent cognition and behaviours.

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Theories First theories of mass communication

(S-R) Brofenbrenner’s ecological

perspective: Behaviour Four major systems of behaviour including:

Microsystem Mesosystem Exosystem Macrosystem

Identity and adolescent relationship

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Theorists continued…..

Blos’ “Character” refers to “identity” Four challenges to get to adolescent stage

Sullivan, Cooley and Mead’s Interpersonal relationship Three modes of experiences

Elkind Adolescents expectations Adolescent egocentrism

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A few more theories…. Erikson’s identity formation

Stages Identity Relationship between media and identity

Ethnic identity Cooley and Mead’s symbolic

Interactionist Theory Comparison between theories

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Recap of the theories….

Behaviour : a function of the interaction between the person and the environment

Human behaviour in context: situational, interpersonal, sociological, cultural, historical, and, of course, theoretical

Bronfenbrenner’s multiple layers of contextual influences

Blo’s theory Sullivan, Cooley and Mead’s interpersonal

relationship Elkind’s expectations and egocentrism Erikson’s identity formation theory Ethnic Identity Cooley and Mead’s symbolic interactionist

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AIMSS framework

What does it stand for? AIMSS: An integrated Framework for examining

Identity, Media and Socio-cognitive Schema. Cognitive responses from adolescents to mass

media Framework could assist further research (discuss

later) Application of developmental theory Preventative intervention Analysis of pro-social messages to adolescents

from the media

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AIMSS model (interactions)

12Components of AIMSS framework Theoretical Perspectives Analysis of interaction between components Application of AIMSS to adolescents

Social competence Cognitive process What if scenarios

Considerations of socio-cognitive schemas Proactive Reactive Reactive coping methods

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Further research/study considerations Theoretical frameworks Hypothetical situation Four considerations outlined by the author

Development of instruments Development theory Conceptualisation of key developmental

tasks Study of adolescents who identify the media

as having a pro-social influence.

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Stay focussed…..not long to go.

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Summary/ Conclusion Considerations of theoretical frameworks Over time, mass communication theories

change. Several researchers believe that adolescent

general feelings of well being are influenced by: Social development Biological development Cognitive development

Study of adolescent development has moved from a narrow focus to a study of different developmental processes

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Strengths Influences of changing environment Considerations of the broad perspectives of

adolescence Consideration of the rapid advancement of

mass communication Balanced consideration of positive and

negative influences of mass media on adolescent development

Appropriate versus inappropriate behaviours.

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Weaknesses Generalisation of adolescence Importance of gender considerations –

Erika Frydenberg (1997) Considerations of the idea of ‘self’ –

James E. Cote (2002) Theoretical and hypothetical – specific

considerations for research – Ginsburg and Bronstein (1993)

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References: Blake, Te’Neil Lloyd (2002) 

A conceptual framework for examining adolescent identity, media influence, and social development, Review of General Psychology, 6(1): 73-91.

Picture is taken from http://www.rachelsblog.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/portrait-template1.jpg

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References: Cote, J. E. (2002) Identity formation, agency,

and culture: a social psychological synthesis [electronic resource] Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Frydenberg, E. (1997) Adolescent coping: theoretical and research perspectives, London: Routledge

Ginsberg, G. S. and Bronstein, P. (1993) Family factors related to children’s intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientations and academic performance, Child Development, 64(4-6): 1461-1474.

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Discussion Questions:

1a.DISCUSS an experience when media have help you engage with your study.e.g When you listen to music or use TV as ambient background

b. HOW did this influence the effectiveness of your study?

2. Do you think the use of media increased your motivation to study or decreased it?

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Discussion Questions:3. Did media have any influence on your

perspective about achievement?e.g Are you motivated to strive for better or it set you back?

4. Throughout your adolescence, did you preference of mass media devices change? WHAT is your preference as an adult?

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Discussion Questions:5. We often focus on the reactive responses of

adolescents to mass media influences (aggressive anti-social behaviour, violent video games etc.). In groups of 3-4, LIST some proactive responses adolescences may experience from media influences (empathy etc.).-If possible, PROVIDE specific examples.

6. Different cultures may have different views on the effectiveness of media as a tool for study and learning. In your experience, HOW does your culture view/portray the effectiveness (or pro or cons) of following forms of media?: