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QuesBonHowdoesvariaBoninmicroclimateacrosslanduseaffectbodysizeinwildcaughtAedesalbopictus?

Hypothesis: temperatures inurbansitesarewarmer, leading tosmaller bodied wild caught mosquitoes from urban sites thanwildcaughtmosquitoesfromruralandsuburbansites Fig4.RuralsiteshavesmallerAe.albopictusmosquitoesthansuburbanandurbansites.Wetested

forsignificantdifferencesinmeanwinglengthacrosslanduseusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasarandomeffect(p<0.001).

MicroclimateaffectsmosquitobodysizeNicoleSolano1;MichelleEvans2;CourtneyMurdock,PhD23

1AgnesScomCollege,Decatur,GA2OdumSchoolofEcology,UniversityofGeorgia,Athens,GA3DepartmentofInfecAousDisease,UniversityofGeorgia,Athens,GA

The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasivemosquitovectorthatcantransmitupto27differentarboviruses.Since mosquitoes are small ectotherms, variaAons intemperature largely impact their physiology and potenAal totransmithumanpathogens.1Small changesdue tomicroclimateimpactmosquito lifehistory traits relevant for transmission (i.e.bodysize).Bodysize isan indicatorof fecundityandpopulaAongrowth; thereforeunderstanding the effect ofmicroclimate caninformsmall-scalevariaAonindiseasetransmission.

IntroducBon

•  Rural,urban,andsuburbansiteswerechosenbasedonpercentageofimpervioussurface

•  PlacedoneBG-SenAneltrappersite•  Trappedmosquitoesweeklyfortwotrapnightsforatotalof90trapnights

•  FrozemosquitoesandidenAfiedthem.IffemaleAe.albopictus,wingwasmountedandmeasured

•  CollectedtemperatureandrelaAvehumiditydataofeachsite’smicroclimate

Methods

•  Microclimatediffersacrosslandusewithurbansitesbeingwarmer

•  Winglengthdiffersacrosslandusewithruralsitesbeingsmaller

•  Contrarytothesemi-fieldstudyfrom2015,wefoundthatwinglengthincreaseswithtemperature

•  Suggestsotherfactors(e.g.larvalhabitatquality,larvalcompeAAon)mayhaveastrongereffectonbodysize

Conclusion

•  PairadultsurveydatawithlarvalsurveydatatotestforarelaAonshipbetweenhabitatavailabilityandadultabundance

•  ExploreeffectsoflanduseandmicroclimateonAedesalbopictusabundanceandcommunitydominance

•  Testwatersamplesfromlarvalhabitat

Results

Fig3.Ruralsitesaresignificantlycoolerthansuburbanandurbansites.Wetestedforsignificantdifferencesinmeantemperatureacrosslanduseusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasa

randomeffect(p<0.001).

9sites

x 3

x 3

x 3 Fig2.Measuredwinglength

Acknowledgements

FutureWork

This material is based upon work supported by the NaAonal ScienceFoundaAonunderGrantNo.1156707.Wewould liketothankDianaDiazforallofherhelpinthefieldandthelab;KerriMiazgowiczandAshutoshPathakforalloftheirhumorandadvice;andPhyllisMcCannonforherhardwork inthe insectary and providing us with larvae. Thank you to everyone in theMurdockandBrindleylab!

Temperature across land use

Fig5.Urbansitesaresignificantlywarmerthanruralandsuburbansites.WetestedforarelaAonshipbetweenwinglengthandtemperatureusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasarandomeffect

(p<0.001). SolidblacklineLinearrelaAonshipfoundbythemixedeffectsmodel.

Winglengthacrosslanduse

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2.7

Land Use

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g Le

ngth

(mm

)

Rural Suburban Urban

Land Use

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g le

ngth

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)

Lastsummer,astudywasconductedto test the relaAonship betweenmicroclimateandbodysizeinasemi-field system. They found thatmosquitoes in urban sites weresignificantly smaller than those inruralsites;mostlikelyduetowarmertemperatures in urban sites.2 Tovalidate these findings in the field,weconductedfieldmosquitosurveysand quanAfied Ae. albopictus winglengthacrosslanduse.

23 24 25 26 27 28

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

Average Temperature (C)

Win

g Le

ngth

(mm

)

Averagetemperatureandwinglength

y=0.041x+1.46

Jun 01 Jun 15 Jul 01 Jul 15

2030

4050

Date

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pera

ture

(C)

RuralSuburbanUrban

References1. Murdock,etal.inprep.

2.Cator,L.J.,S.Thomas,K.P.Paaijmans,S.Ravishankaran,J.A.JusAn,M.T.Mathai,A.F.Read,M.B.Thomas,andA.Eapen.2013.Characterizingmicroclimateinurbanmalariatransmissionsexngs:acasestudyfromChennai,India.MalariaJournal12:1–1.

3.Angilleta,M.J.,T.D.Steury,andM.W.Sears.2004.Temperature,growthrate,andbodysizeinectotherms:fixngpiecesofalife-historypuzzle.IntegraAveandComparaAveBiology44:498–509.

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2.05

2.10

2.15

2.20

2.25

Land Use

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Leng

th (m

m)

Rural Suburban Urban

Fig1.UrbansiteshavesmallerAe.albopictusmosquitoesthanruralandsuburbansites(p<0.001).(Murdocketal.inprep)

Wingsizein2015semifieldexperiment

Wingsizein2015semi-fieldexperiment