Poster Print Size: Microclimate affects mosquito body size...
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QuesBon How does variaBon in microclimate across land use affect body size in wild caught Aedes albopictus? Hypothesis: temperatures in urban sites are warmer, leading to smaller bodied wild caught mosquitoes from urban sites than wild caught mosquitoes from rural and suburban sites Fig 4. Rural sites have smaller Ae. albopictus mosquitoes than suburban and urban sites. We tested for significant differences in mean wing length across land use using a mixed effects model with site as a random effect (p <0.001). Microclimate affects mosquito body size Nicole Solano 1 ; Michelle Evans 2 ; Courtney Murdock, PhD 23 1 Agnes Scom College, Decatur, GA 2 Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 3 Department of InfecAous Disease, University of Georgia, Athens, GA The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasive mosquito vector that can transmit up to 27 different arboviruses. Since mosquitoes are small ectotherms, variaAons in temperature largely impact their physiology and potenAal to transmit human pathogens. 1 Small changes due to microclimate impact mosquito life history traits relevant for transmission (i.e. body size). Body size is an indicator of fecundity and populaAon growth; therefore understanding the effect of microclimate can inform small-scale variaAon in disease transmission. IntroducBon • Rural, urban, and suburban sites were chosen based on percentage of impervious surface • Placed one BG-SenAnel trap per site • Trapped mosquitoes weekly for two trap nights for a total of 90 trap nights • Froze mosquitoes and idenAfied them. If female Ae. albopictus, wing was mounted and measured • Collected temperature and relaAve humidity data of each site’s microclimate Methods • Microclimate differs across land use with urban sites being warmer • Wing length differs across land use with rural sites being smaller • Contrary to the semi-field study from 2015, we found that wing length increases with temperature • Suggests other factors (e.g. larval habitat quality, larval compeAAon) may have a stronger effect on body size Conclusion • Pair adult survey data with larval survey data to test for a relaAonship between habitat availability and adult abundance • Explore effects of land use and microclimate on Aedes albopictus abundance and community dominance • Test water samples from larval habitat Results Fig 3. Rural sites are significantly cooler than suburban and urban sites. We tested for significant differences in mean temperature across land use using a mixed effects model with site as a random effect (p <0.001). 9 sites x 3 x 3 x 3 Fig 2. Measured wing length Acknowledgements Future Work This material is based upon work supported by the NaAonal Science FoundaAon under Grant No. 1156707. We would like to thank Diana Diaz for all of her help in the field and the lab; Kerri Miazgowicz and Ashutosh Pathak for all of their humor and advice; and Phyllis McCannon for her hard work in the insectary and providing us with larvae. Thank you to everyone in the Murdock and Brindley lab! Temperature across land use Fig 5. Urban sites are significantly warmer than rural and suburban sites. We tested for a relaAonship between wing length and temperature using a mixed effects model with site as a random effect (p<0.001). Solid black line Linear relaAonship found by the mixed effects model. Wing length across land use ● ● ● 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Wing Length (mm) Rural Suburban Urban Land Use Wing length (mm) Last summer, a study was conducted to test the relaAonship between microclimate and body size in a semi- field system. They found that mosquitoes in urban sites were significantly smaller than those in rural sites; most likely due to warmer temperatures in urban sites. 2 To validate these findings in the field, we conducted field mosquito surveys and quanAfied Ae. albopictus wing length across land use. 23 24 25 26 27 28 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 Average Temperature (C) Wing Length (mm) Average temperature and wing length y = 0.041x + 1.46 Jun 01 Jun 15 Jul 01 Jul 15 20 30 40 50 Date Temperature (C) Rural Suburban Urban References 1. Murdock, et al. in prep. 2. Cator, L. J., S. Thomas, K. P. Paaijmans, S. Ravishankaran, J. A. JusAn, M. T. Mathai, A. F. Read, M. B. Thomas, and A. Eapen. 2013. Characterizing microclimate in urban malaria transmission sexngs: a case study from Chennai, India. Malaria Journal 12:1–1. 3. Angilleta, M. J., T. D. Steury, and M. W. Sears. 2004. Temperature, growth rate, and body size in ectotherms: fixng pieces of a life- history puzzle. IntegraAve and ComparaAve Biology 44:498–509. ● ● ● 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 Land Use Wing Length (mm) Rural Suburban Urban Fig 1. Urban sites have smaller Ae. albopictus mosquitoes than rural and suburban sites (p<0.001). (Murdock et al. in prep) Wing size in 2015 semi field experiment Wing size in 2015 semi-field experiment
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QuesBonHowdoesvariaBoninmicroclimateacrosslanduseaffectbodysizeinwildcaughtAedesalbopictus?
Hypothesis: temperatures inurbansitesarewarmer, leading tosmaller bodied wild caught mosquitoes from urban sites thanwildcaughtmosquitoesfromruralandsuburbansites Fig4.RuralsiteshavesmallerAe.albopictusmosquitoesthansuburbanandurbansites.Wetested
forsignificantdifferencesinmeanwinglengthacrosslanduseusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasarandomeffect(p<0.001).
MicroclimateaffectsmosquitobodysizeNicoleSolano1;MichelleEvans2;CourtneyMurdock,PhD23
1AgnesScomCollege,Decatur,GA2OdumSchoolofEcology,UniversityofGeorgia,Athens,GA3DepartmentofInfecAousDisease,UniversityofGeorgia,Athens,GA
The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasivemosquitovectorthatcantransmitupto27differentarboviruses.Since mosquitoes are small ectotherms, variaAons intemperature largely impact their physiology and potenAal totransmithumanpathogens.1Small changesdue tomicroclimateimpactmosquito lifehistory traits relevant for transmission (i.e.bodysize).Bodysize isan indicatorof fecundityandpopulaAongrowth; thereforeunderstanding the effect ofmicroclimate caninformsmall-scalevariaAonindiseasetransmission.
IntroducBon
• Rural,urban,andsuburbansiteswerechosenbasedonpercentageofimpervioussurface
• PlacedoneBG-SenAneltrappersite• Trappedmosquitoesweeklyfortwotrapnightsforatotalof90trapnights
• FrozemosquitoesandidenAfiedthem.IffemaleAe.albopictus,wingwasmountedandmeasured
• CollectedtemperatureandrelaAvehumiditydataofeachsite’smicroclimate
Methods
• Microclimatediffersacrosslandusewithurbansitesbeingwarmer
• Winglengthdiffersacrosslandusewithruralsitesbeingsmaller
• Contrarytothesemi-fieldstudyfrom2015,wefoundthatwinglengthincreaseswithtemperature
• Suggestsotherfactors(e.g.larvalhabitatquality,larvalcompeAAon)mayhaveastrongereffectonbodysize
Conclusion
• PairadultsurveydatawithlarvalsurveydatatotestforarelaAonshipbetweenhabitatavailabilityandadultabundance
• ExploreeffectsoflanduseandmicroclimateonAedesalbopictusabundanceandcommunitydominance
• Testwatersamplesfromlarvalhabitat
Results
Fig3.Ruralsitesaresignificantlycoolerthansuburbanandurbansites.Wetestedforsignificantdifferencesinmeantemperatureacrosslanduseusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasa
randomeffect(p<0.001).
9sites
x 3
x 3
x 3 Fig2.Measuredwinglength
Acknowledgements
FutureWork
This material is based upon work supported by the NaAonal ScienceFoundaAonunderGrantNo.1156707.Wewould liketothankDianaDiazforallofherhelpinthefieldandthelab;KerriMiazgowiczandAshutoshPathakforalloftheirhumorandadvice;andPhyllisMcCannonforherhardwork inthe insectary and providing us with larvae. Thank you to everyone in theMurdockandBrindleylab!
Temperature across land use
Fig5.Urbansitesaresignificantlywarmerthanruralandsuburbansites.WetestedforarelaAonshipbetweenwinglengthandtemperatureusingamixedeffectsmodelwithsiteasarandomeffect
(p<0.001). SolidblacklineLinearrelaAonshipfoundbythemixedeffectsmodel.
Winglengthacrosslanduse
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Lastsummer,astudywasconductedto test the relaAonship betweenmicroclimateandbodysizeinasemi-field system. They found thatmosquitoes in urban sites weresignificantly smaller than those inruralsites;mostlikelyduetowarmertemperatures in urban sites.2 Tovalidate these findings in the field,weconductedfieldmosquitosurveysand quanAfied Ae. albopictus winglengthacrosslanduse.
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References1. Murdock,etal.inprep.
2.Cator,L.J.,S.Thomas,K.P.Paaijmans,S.Ravishankaran,J.A.JusAn,M.T.Mathai,A.F.Read,M.B.Thomas,andA.Eapen.2013.Characterizingmicroclimateinurbanmalariatransmissionsexngs:acasestudyfromChennai,India.MalariaJournal12:1–1.
3.Angilleta,M.J.,T.D.Steury,andM.W.Sears.2004.Temperature,growthrate,andbodysizeinectotherms:fixngpiecesofalife-historypuzzle.IntegraAveandComparaAveBiology44:498–509.
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Fig1.UrbansiteshavesmallerAe.albopictusmosquitoesthanruralandsuburbansites(p<0.001).(Murdocketal.inprep)
Wingsizein2015semifieldexperiment
Wingsizein2015semi-fieldexperiment
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