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PERSON-CENTRED
THERAPY
PREPARED BY:
MUHAMMAD HAFIZ
NOR AZZUA
NUR ANISAH
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INTRODUCTION
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Person-Centred (also: Client-Centred)Psychotherapy is the best known and mostwidespread form of HumanisticPsychotherapy in the world.
It was founded by Carl Rogers and hiscolleagues in 1940 in the United States of
America.
Carl Rogers proposed that therapy could besimpler, warmer and more optimistic thanthat carried out by behavioral orpsychodynamic psychologists.
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His view differs sharply from the
psychodynamic and behavioral approaches
in that he suggested that clients would be
better helped if they were encouraged tofocus on their current subjective
understanding rather than on some
unconscious motive or someone else'sinterpretation of the situation.
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PRINCIPLES OF
PERSON CENTRED THERAPY
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NTHROPOLOGY
Central to this notion is trust in
the actualising tendency as the
motivational force constructivelyworking on behalf of the client in
facilitative relationships.
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ETHICS
Being called to respond by other
persons in need and when
responding, to do so out of
response –ability and solidarity.
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EPISTEMOLOGY
Epistemology is based on
empowerment.
It allows a variety of possibilities forunderstanding (thus it is
constructivistic ) and a variety of
possibilities to realise in practice.
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This is facilitated by the therapist’s
readiness to enter a relationship
person to person and his or her
immediate presence in thisencounter relationship, which means
‘to be with’ the client in an authentic,
acknowledging and empathic way.(Schmid, 2001 & Bozarth, 1999)
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SIX CONDITIONS IN PERSON
CENTRED THERAPY
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Therapist-Client Psychological Contact:There should be a proper bonding betweenthe therapist and the client.
Client Incongruence or Vulnerability: Theclient's vulnerability and anxiety compel himto continue his relationship with his therapist.
Therapist Congruence or Genuiness: Thetherapist is also deeply involved with hisclient. He shares his own experiences withhis clients.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES
Person-centered therapy operates according to
three basic principles that reflect the attitude of
the therapist to the client:1. The therapist is congruent with the client.
2. The therapist provides the client
with unconditional positive regard.
3. The therapist shows empathetic
understanding to the client.
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CONGRUENCE IN
COUNSELLING• Congruence is also called genuineness.
• This means that, unlike the psychodynamic
therapist who generally maintains a 'blankscreen' and reveals little of their own
personality in therapy, the Rogerian theory is
keen to allow the client to experience them as
they really are.
• In short, the therapist is authentic.
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UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE
REGARD• Rogers believed that for people to grow and
fulfill their potential it is important that they
are valued as themselves.
• This refers to the therapist's deep and
genuine caring for the client.
• The therapist may not approve of some of the
client's actions but the therapist doesapprove of the client.
• In short, the therapist needs an attitude of "I'll
accept you as you are."
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EMPATHY
• Empathy is the ability to understand what the
client is feeling.
• This refers to the therapist's ability to
understand sensitively and accurately [but not
sympathetically] the client's experience and
feelings in the here-and-now.
• An important part of the task of the person-centered counsellor is to follow precisely what
the client is feeling and to communicate to
them that the therapist understands what they
are feeling.
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STRENGTHS
• Extensive and include multicultural
considerations as well the ability to counsel
whole groups• The clients have the strength and capacity to
grow and develop and, by using these strengths,
they will become who they are meant to be
(Capuzzi and Gross, 2011)• A form of therapy that can be used with different
clients
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STRENGTHS
• Works very well with clients with serious
mental illnesses
• Rogerian theory is grounded in the study ofpersons (not pigeons), leading to its strong
applied value in many areas of life.
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WEAKNESSES
• Requires advanced training which can be
costly
• Not much research on theory and practice
• Theory has not evolved since the 1960’s
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7 STAGES OF PERSON-CENTERED
THEORY
• Stage One: The client is very defensive and
extremely resistant to change.
• Stage Two: The client becomes slightly less
rigid and will talk about external events orother people.
• Stage Three: The client talks about
him/herself, but as an object and avoids
discussion of present events.• Stage Four: The client begins to talk about
deep feelings and develops a relationship with
the counsellor
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7 STAGES OF PERSON-CENTERED
THEORY
• Stage Five: The client can express present
emotions and is beginning to rely more on
his/her own decision-making abilities and
increasingly accepts more responsibility for
his/her actions.
• Stage Six: The client shows rapid growthtowards congruence and begins to develop
unconditional positive regard for others. This
stage signals the end of the need for formal
therapy.
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7 STAGES OF PERSON-
CENTERED THEORY
• Stage Seven: The client is a fully-functioning,
self-actualising individual who is empathic and
shows unconditional positive regard for others.This individual can relate their previous
therapy to present-day real-life situations.
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