Person Centred

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PERSON-CENTRED THERAPY PREPARED BY: MUHAMMAD HAFIZ NOR AZZUA NUR ANISAH

Transcript of Person Centred

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PERSON-CENTRED

THERAPY

PREPARED BY:

MUHAMMAD HAFIZ

NOR AZZUA

NUR ANISAH

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INTRODUCTION

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Person-Centred (also: Client-Centred)Psychotherapy is the best known and mostwidespread form of HumanisticPsychotherapy in the world.

 It was founded by Carl Rogers and hiscolleagues in 1940 in the United States of

 America.

Carl Rogers proposed that therapy could besimpler, warmer and more optimistic thanthat carried out by behavioral orpsychodynamic psychologists.

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His view differs sharply from the

psychodynamic and behavioral approaches

in that he suggested that clients would be

better helped if they were encouraged tofocus on their current subjective

understanding rather than on some

unconscious motive or someone else'sinterpretation of the situation.

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PRINCIPLES OF

PERSON CENTRED THERAPY

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  NTHROPOLOGY 

Central to this notion is trust in

the actualising tendency as the

motivational force constructivelyworking on behalf of the client in

facilitative relationships.

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ETHICS 

Being called to respond by other

persons in need and when

responding, to do so out of

response –ability and solidarity.

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EPISTEMOLOGY 

Epistemology is based on

empowerment.

It allows a variety of possibilities forunderstanding (thus it is

constructivistic ) and a variety of

possibilities to realise in practice.

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This is facilitated by the therapist’s

readiness to enter a relationship

person to person and his or her

immediate presence in thisencounter relationship, which means

‘to be with’ the client in an authentic,

acknowledging and empathic way.(Schmid, 2001 & Bozarth, 1999)

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SIX CONDITIONS IN PERSON

CENTRED THERAPY

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Therapist-Client Psychological Contact:There should be a proper bonding betweenthe therapist and the client.

Client Incongruence or Vulnerability: Theclient's vulnerability and anxiety compel himto continue his relationship with his therapist.

Therapist Congruence or Genuiness: Thetherapist is also deeply involved with hisclient. He shares his own experiences withhis clients.

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BASIC PRINCIPLES

Person-centered therapy operates according to

three basic principles that reflect the attitude of

the therapist to the client:1. The therapist is congruent with the client.

2. The therapist provides the client

with unconditional positive regard.

3. The therapist shows empathetic

understanding to the client.

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CONGRUENCE IN

COUNSELLING• Congruence is also called genuineness.

• This means that, unlike the psychodynamic

therapist who generally maintains a 'blankscreen' and reveals little of their own

personality in therapy, the Rogerian theory is

keen to allow the client to experience them as

they really are.

• In short, the therapist is authentic.

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UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE

REGARD• Rogers believed that for people to grow and

fulfill their potential it is important that they

are valued as themselves.

• This refers to the therapist's deep and

genuine caring for the client.

• The therapist may not approve of some of the

client's actions but the therapist doesapprove of the client.

• In short, the therapist needs an attitude of "I'll

accept you as you are."

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EMPATHY

• Empathy is the ability to understand what the

client is feeling.

• This refers to the therapist's ability to

understand sensitively and accurately [but not

sympathetically] the client's experience and

feelings in the here-and-now.

•  An important part of the task of the person-centered counsellor is to follow precisely what

the client is feeling and to communicate to

them that the therapist understands what they

are feeling.

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STRENGTHS

• Extensive and include multicultural

considerations as well the ability to counsel

whole groups• The clients have the strength and capacity to

grow and develop and, by using these strengths,

they will become who they are meant to be

(Capuzzi and Gross, 2011)•  A form of therapy that can be used with different

clients

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STRENGTHS

• Works very well with clients with serious

mental illnesses

• Rogerian theory is grounded in the study ofpersons (not pigeons), leading to its strong

applied value in many areas of life.

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WEAKNESSES

• Requires advanced training which can be

costly

• Not much research on theory and practice

• Theory has not evolved since the 1960’s 

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7 STAGES OF PERSON-CENTERED

THEORY

• Stage One: The client is very defensive and

extremely resistant to change.

• Stage Two: The client becomes slightly less

rigid and will talk about external events orother people.

• Stage Three: The client talks about

him/herself, but as an object and avoids

discussion of present events.• Stage Four: The client begins to talk about

deep feelings and develops a relationship with

the counsellor

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7 STAGES OF PERSON-CENTERED

THEORY

• Stage Five: The client can express present

emotions and is beginning to rely more on

his/her own decision-making abilities and

increasingly accepts more responsibility for

his/her actions.

• Stage Six: The client shows rapid growthtowards congruence and begins to develop

unconditional positive regard for others. This

stage signals the end of the need for formal

therapy.

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 7 STAGES OF PERSON-

CENTERED THEORY

• Stage Seven: The client is a fully-functioning,

self-actualising individual who is empathic and

shows unconditional positive regard for others.This individual can relate their previous

therapy to present-day real-life situations.