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4Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
RAC Database Administration
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Objectives
After completing this lesson, you should e ale to!
" #se $nterprise %anager cluster dataase pages
" &efine redo log files in a 'AC environment
" &efine undo talespaces in a 'AC environment" (tart and stop 'AC dataases and instances
" %odify initiali)ation parameters in a 'AC environment
" %anage A(% instances in a 'AC environment
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Cluster Database Home Page
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Cluster Database Home Page
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Cluster Database Instance Home Page
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Cluster Database Instance Administration Page
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Cluster Home Page
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The Configuration Section
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The Configuration Section
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Topolog !ie"er
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#nterprise $anager Alerts and RAC
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#nterprise $anager $etrics and RAC
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#nterprise $anager $etrics and RAC
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#nterprise $anager Alert Histor and RAC
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#nterprise $anager %lac&outs and RAC
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Redo 'og (iles and RAC
…RAC01.THREAD=1RAC02.THREAD=2
…
SP(I'#
Shared storage
)roup *
Thread *
+ode1
RAC,*
+ode2
RAC,-
)roup -
)roup .
)roup /
Thread -
)roup 0
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 4; ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 5;
ALTER DATABASE ENABLE THREAD 2;
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Automatic 1ndo $anagement and RAC
…RAC01.UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#$RAC02.UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#2
…
ALTER S%STE& SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#$ SID='RAC01';
undotbs.
+ode1
RAC,*
+ode2
RAC,-
undotbs*
SP(I'#
undotbs-
Shared storage
Transaction recover
Pendingoffline
Consistent reads
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Starting and Stopping RAC Instances
" %ultiple instances can open the same dataase
simultaneously.
" (hutting don one instance does not interfere ith other
running instances.
" SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL LOCAL does not ait for otherinstances1 transactions to finish.
" 'AC instances can e started and stopped y using!
$nterprise %anager
(erver Control 3SRVCTL utility (568lus
" (hutting don a 'AC dataase means shutting don all
instances accessing the dataase.
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Starting and Stopping
RAC Instances "ith S2'3Plus
(#!)*+,)-n01/ ) ORACLE_SIDRACDB1#3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n
(#!)*+,)-n02/ ) ORACLE_SIDRACDB2#3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n
(#!)*+,)-n01/ #3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9nS7L8 )nn)! #6#+,)-:RACDB2 ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n
OR
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Starting and Stopping
RAC Instances "ith SRCTL
" start/stop synta9!
" $9amples!
#+db_name8 * >inst_name_list8 (* n?un!n?un!n+?,-!+,n#,)!n,-??d,!,"+!8/(*) >connect_str 8 *3/
#+
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S"itch %et"een the Automatic
and $anual Policies
#+
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RAC Initiali4ation Parameter (iles
" An SPFILE is created if you use the &:CA.
" ;he SPFILE must e created on a shared volume or shared
ra device.
" All instances use the same SPFILE.
"
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SPFILE Parameter !alues and RAC
" =ou can change parameter settings using the ALTER
SYSTEM SET command from any instance!
" SPFILE entries such as!
*. apply to all instances
. apply only to
. ta>es precedence over *.
" #se current or future *. settings for !
" 'emove an entry from your SPFILE!
ALTER S%STE& RESET >d pname8 SCOPE=SPFILE #d='>sid 8';
ALTER S%STE& RESET >dpname8 SCOPE=&E&OR% #d='>sid 8';
ALTER S%STE& SET >dpname8 SCOPE=&E&OR% #d='>sid 8';
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#$ and SPFILE Parameter !alues
SCOPE=&E&OR%
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#$ and SPFILE Parameter !alues
SCOPE=SPFILE
SCOPE=BOTH
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RAC Initiali4ation Parameters
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Parameters That Re6uire Identical Settings
" ACTIVEINSTANCECOUNT
" ARCHIVELA!TAR!ET" COMPATI"LE" CLUSTERDATA"ASE/CLUSTERDATA"ASEINSTANCE" CONTROLFILES" D""LOC#SI$E
" D"DOMAIN" D"FILES" D"NAME" D"RECOVERYFILEDEST/D"RECOVERYFILEDESTSI$E" D"UNI%UENAME" INSTANCETYPE" PARALLELMA&SERVERS" REMOTELO!INPASSWORDFILE" MA&COMMITPROPA!ATIONDELAY" TRACEENA"LED" UNDOMANA!EMENT
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Parameters That Re6uire 1ni6ue Settings
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2uiescing RAC Databases
" #se the ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE RESTRICTED statement
from a single instance!
" ;he dataase cannot e opened y other instances after the
ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE( statement starts.
" ;he ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE RESTRICTED and ALTER
SYSTEM UN%UIESCE statements affect all instances in a
'AC environment." Cold ac>ups cannot e ta>en hen the dataase is in a
?uiesced state.
S7L8 ALTER S%STE& 7UIESCE RESTRICTED;
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Terminating Sessions on a Specific Instance
S7L8 SELECT SID@ SERIAL@ INST_ID 2 FRO& GSESSION HERE USERNA&E='F';
SID SERIAL INST_ID********** ********** ********** 140 $$40 2
S7L8 ALTER S%STE& JILL SESSION '140@$$40@:2';
S6#!? ,-!+d.
S7L8
ALTER S%STE& JILL SESSION '140@$$40@:2'ERROR ,! -n 1
ORA*000$1 ###n ?,+Kd + K--
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Ho" S2'3Plus Commands Affect Instances
S2'3Plus Command Associated Instance
ARCHIE LOG )enerall affects the current instance
CONNECT Affects the default instance if no instance isspecified in the CONNECT command
HOST Affects the node running the S2'3Plus session
RECOER Does not affect an particular instance7 but ratherthe database
SHO PARA&ETER andSHO SGA
Sho" the current instance parameter and S)Ainformation
STARTUP andSHUTDON
Affect the current instance
SHO INSTANCE Displas information about the current instance
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Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.4 - **
+ode1
Transparent Data #ncrption and 8allets in RAC
" One allet shared y all instances on shared storage!
@o additional administration re?uired
" One copy of the allet on each local storage!
6ocal copies need to e synchroni)ed each time master >ey is
changed
ALTER S%STE& SET ENCR%PTION JE%
8allet
$aster &es
+ode2
8allet
$aster &e
+oden
8allet
$aster &e
$anual cop
$anualcop
*
-
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AS$9 )eneral Architecture
AS$
instance
SID:;AS$*
AS$
instance
SID:;AS$-
AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s
AS$ dis& group Tom AS$ dis& group %ob AS$ dis& group Harr
D%instance
SID:sales*
D%
instance
SID:test*
D%instance
SID:sales-
D%
instance
SID:test-
AS$%
AS$%
()
() ()
()
Node2 Node1 )roup Services
tom:;AS$*bob:;AS$*
harr:;AS$*
)roup Services
tom:;AS$-bob:;AS$-
harr:;AS$-
D%80
D%80 D%80
D%80 AS$%
R%A' R%A'
AR%0
AR% A
…AR%0
AR% A
…
AS$%
R%A'
R%A' R%A'
R%A'
)$O+)$O+
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AS$ Instance and Crash Recover in RAC
Dis& group A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
;AS$*
%oth instances mount
dis& group
Dis& group A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
;AS$*
AS$ instance failure
Dis& group A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
Dis& group repaired
b surviving instance
Dis& )roup A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
;AS$*
Onl one instance
mounts dis& group
Dis& )roup A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
;AS$*
AS$ instance failure
Dis& )roup A
+ode2
;AS$-
+ode1
Dis& group repaired
"hen ne
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AS$ Instance Initiali4ation Parameters and RAC
" CLUSTERDATA"ASE! ;his parameter must e set to TRUE.
" ASMDIS#!ROUP!
%ultiple instances can have different values.
(hared dis> groups must e mounted y each A(% instance.
" ASMDIS#STRIN!!
%ultiple instances can have different values.
ith shared dis> groups, every instance should e ale to
see the common pool of physical dis>s.
" ASMPOWERLIMIT! %ultiple instances can have differentvalues.
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AS$ and SRCTL "ith RAC
" SRVCTL enales you to manage A(% from an Oracle
Clusterare 3OC perspective!
Add an A(% instance to OC.
$nale an A(% instance for OC automatic restart.
(tart up an A(% instance. (hut don an A(% instance.
&isale an A(% instance from OC automatic restart.
'emove an A(% instance configuration from the OC'.
Bet some status information. (et A(% instance dependency to dataase instance.
" ;he &:CA allos you to create A(% instances as ell as
helps you to add and enale them ith OC.
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AS$ and SRCTL "ith RAC9 #
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AS$ Dis& )roups "ith #$ in RAC
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Dis& )roup Performance Page and RAC
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Summar
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Practice /9 Overvie"
;his practice covers manipulating redo threads.