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4Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

RAC Database Administration

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Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.4 - 2

Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should e ale to!

" #se $nterprise %anager cluster dataase pages

" &efine redo log files in a 'AC environment

" &efine undo talespaces in a 'AC environment" (tart and stop 'AC dataases and instances

" %odify initiali)ation parameters in a 'AC environment

" %anage A(% instances in a 'AC environment

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Cluster Database Home Page

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Cluster Database Home Page

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Cluster Database Instance Home Page

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Cluster Database Instance Administration Page

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Cluster Home Page

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The Configuration Section

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The Configuration Section

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Topolog !ie"er

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#nterprise $anager Alerts and RAC

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#nterprise $anager $etrics and RAC

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#nterprise $anager $etrics and RAC

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#nterprise $anager Alert Histor and RAC

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#nterprise $anager %lac&outs and RAC

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Redo 'og (iles and RAC

…RAC01.THREAD=1RAC02.THREAD=2

…

SP(I'#

Shared storage

)roup *

Thread *

+ode1

RAC,*

+ode2

RAC,-

)roup -

)roup .

)roup /

Thread -

)roup 0

ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 4; ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 5;

ALTER DATABASE ENABLE THREAD 2;

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Automatic 1ndo $anagement and RAC

…RAC01.UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#$RAC02.UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#2

…

ALTER S%STE& SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=und!"#$ SID='RAC01';

undotbs.

+ode1

RAC,*

+ode2

RAC,-

undotbs*

SP(I'#

undotbs-

Shared storage

Transaction recover

Pendingoffline

Consistent reads

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Starting and Stopping RAC Instances

" %ultiple instances can open the same dataase

simultaneously.

" (hutting don one instance does not interfere ith other

running instances.

" SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL LOCAL does not ait for otherinstances1 transactions to finish.

" 'AC instances can e started and stopped y using!

$nterprise %anager

(erver Control 3SRVCTL utility (568lus

" (hutting don a 'AC dataase means shutting don all

instances accessing the dataase.

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Starting and Stopping

RAC Instances "ith S2'3Plus

(#!)*+,)-n01/ ) ORACLE_SIDRACDB1#3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n

(#!)*+,)-n02/ ) ORACLE_SIDRACDB2#3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n

(#!)*+,)-n01/ #3--u# ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9nS7L8 )nn)! #6#+,)-:RACDB2 ,# #6#d",S7L8 #!,+!uS7L8 #u!d9n

OR

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Starting and Stopping

RAC Instances "ith SRCTL

" start/stop synta9!

" $9amples!

#+db_name8 * >inst_name_list8 (* n?un!n?un!n+?,-!+,n#,)!n,-??d,!,"+!8/(*) >connect_str 8 *3/

#+

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S"itch %et"een the Automatic

and $anual Policies

#+

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RAC Initiali4ation Parameter (iles

" An SPFILE is created if you use the &:CA.

" ;he SPFILE must e created on a shared volume or shared

ra device.

" All instances use the same SPFILE.

"

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SPFILE Parameter !alues and RAC

" =ou can change parameter settings using the ALTER

SYSTEM SET command from any instance!

" SPFILE entries such as!

*. apply to all instances

. apply only to

. ta>es precedence over *.

" #se current or future *. settings for !

" 'emove an entry from your SPFILE!

ALTER S%STE& RESET >d pname8 SCOPE=SPFILE #d='>sid 8';

ALTER S%STE& RESET >dpname8 SCOPE=&E&OR% #d='>sid 8';

ALTER S%STE& SET >dpname8 SCOPE=&E&OR% #d='>sid 8';

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#$ and SPFILE Parameter !alues

SCOPE=&E&OR%

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#$ and SPFILE Parameter !alues

SCOPE=SPFILE

SCOPE=BOTH

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RAC Initiali4ation Parameters

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Parameters That Re6uire Identical Settings

" ACTIVEINSTANCECOUNT

" ARCHIVELA!TAR!ET" COMPATI"LE" CLUSTERDATA"ASE/CLUSTERDATA"ASEINSTANCE" CONTROLFILES" D""LOC#SI$E

" D"DOMAIN" D"FILES" D"NAME" D"RECOVERYFILEDEST/D"RECOVERYFILEDESTSI$E" D"UNI%UENAME" INSTANCETYPE" PARALLELMA&SERVERS" REMOTELO!INPASSWORDFILE" MA&COMMITPROPA!ATIONDELAY" TRACEENA"LED" UNDOMANA!EMENT

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Parameters That Re6uire 1ni6ue Settings

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Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.4 - *0

2uiescing RAC Databases

" #se the ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE RESTRICTED statement

from a single instance!

" ;he dataase cannot e opened y other instances after the

ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE( statement starts.

" ;he ALTER SYSTEM %UIESCE RESTRICTED and ALTER

SYSTEM UN%UIESCE statements affect all instances in a

'AC environment." Cold ac>ups cannot e ta>en hen the dataase is in a

?uiesced state.

S7L8 ALTER S%STE& 7UIESCE RESTRICTED;

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Terminating Sessions on a Specific Instance

S7L8 SELECT SID@ SERIAL@ INST_ID 2 FRO& GSESSION HERE USERNA&E='F';

SID SERIAL INST_ID********** ********** ********** 140 $$40 2

S7L8 ALTER S%STE& JILL SESSION '140@$$40@:2';

S6#!? ,-!+d.

S7L8

ALTER S%STE& JILL SESSION '140@$$40@:2'ERROR ,! -n 1

ORA*000$1 ###n ?,+Kd + K--

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Ho" S2'3Plus Commands Affect Instances

S2'3Plus Command Associated Instance

ARCHIE LOG )enerall affects the current instance

CONNECT Affects the default instance if no instance isspecified in the CONNECT command

HOST Affects the node running the S2'3Plus session

RECOER Does not affect an particular instance7 but ratherthe database

SHO PARA&ETER andSHO SGA

Sho" the current instance parameter and S)Ainformation

STARTUP andSHUTDON

Affect the current instance

SHO INSTANCE Displas information about the current instance

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Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.4 - **

+ode1

Transparent Data #ncrption and 8allets in RAC

" One allet shared y all instances on shared storage!

@o additional administration re?uired

" One copy of the allet on each local storage!

6ocal copies need to e synchroni)ed each time master >ey is

changed

ALTER S%STE& SET ENCR%PTION JE%

8allet

$aster &es

+ode2

8allet

$aster &e

+oden

8allet

$aster &e

$anual cop

$anualcop

*

-

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AS$9 )eneral Architecture

AS$

instance

SID:;AS$*

AS$

instance

SID:;AS$-

AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s AS$ dis&s

AS$ dis& group Tom AS$ dis& group %ob AS$ dis& group Harr

D%instance

SID:sales*

D%

instance

SID:test*

D%instance

SID:sales-

D%

instance

SID:test-

AS$%

AS$%

()

() ()

()

Node2 Node1 )roup Services

tom:;AS$*bob:;AS$*

harr:;AS$*

)roup Services

tom:;AS$-bob:;AS$-

harr:;AS$-

D%80

D%80 D%80

D%80 AS$%

R%A' R%A'

AR%0

AR% A

…AR%0

AR% A

…

AS$%

R%A'

R%A' R%A'

R%A'

)$O+)$O+

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AS$ Instance and Crash Recover in RAC

Dis& group A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

;AS$*

%oth instances mount

dis& group

Dis& group A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

;AS$*

AS$ instance failure

Dis& group A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

Dis& group repaired

b surviving instance

Dis& )roup A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

;AS$*

Onl one instance

mounts dis& group

Dis& )roup A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

;AS$*

AS$ instance failure

Dis& )roup A

+ode2

;AS$-

+ode1

Dis& group repaired

"hen ne

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AS$ Instance Initiali4ation Parameters and RAC

" CLUSTERDATA"ASE! ;his parameter must e set to TRUE.

" ASMDIS#!ROUP!

%ultiple instances can have different values.

(hared dis> groups must e mounted y each A(% instance.

" ASMDIS#STRIN!!

%ultiple instances can have different values.

ith shared dis> groups, every instance should e ale to

see the common pool of physical dis>s.

" ASMPOWERLIMIT! %ultiple instances can have differentvalues.

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AS$ and SRCTL "ith RAC

" SRVCTL enales you to manage A(% from an Oracle

Clusterare 3OC perspective!

Add an A(% instance to OC.

$nale an A(% instance for OC automatic restart.

(tart up an A(% instance. (hut don an A(% instance.

&isale an A(% instance from OC automatic restart.

'emove an A(% instance configuration from the OC'.

Bet some status information. (et A(% instance dependency to dataase instance.

" ;he &:CA allos you to create A(% instances as ell as

helps you to add and enale them ith OC.

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AS$ and SRCTL "ith RAC9 #

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AS$ Dis& )roups "ith #$ in RAC

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Summar

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Practice /9 Overvie"

;his practice covers manipulating redo threads.

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