Labor-Management
Relations
Federal legislation re:
labor-management power» labor unions
Labor policies and legislation» wages and income
maintenance» employment security» hours and schedules of work» employee services and benefits
Federal Legislation
Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932)» restricted ability of employers to
obtain federal injunction against strike activities by union
Wagner Act (1935) [National Labor Relations Act]» right to join union without
interference or discrimination» allowance made for collective
bargaining» established NLRB» established procedures to follow
in unfair labor practices cases
Federal Legislation
Taft-Hartley Act (1947)» prevented unions from
coercing employees to form» outlawed union shop
(employee must join union)» outlawed closed shop
(employer can hire only union members)
» required participation in collective bargaining
Federal Legislation
Landrum-Griffin Act (1959) [Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act]» established bill of rights for
union worker» required financial disclosure by
union» set procedures to elect union
officials» provided civil and criminal
procedures to prosecute union financial abuses
Is unionization + or - ?
Wage and Income Management
Fairness vs. costs Unions have established
wage scales and merit pay policies
Fair Labor Standards Act
(1938)» purpose = prevent another
Depression (eliminate poverty, create purchasing power)
» established minimum wage
Wages and Income
Maintenance
Social Security Act (1935)» unemployment compensation» purpose = income
maintenance between jobs» criteria– not a new employee– be able and willing to work– be out of a job through no fault of
their own
» regulations vary by state
Equal Pay Act (1963)» equal pay for equal work (no
discrimination on basis of gender)
» time and a half for >40 hrs/week
Wages and Income
Maintenance
Hours and Schedules of
Work
Fair Labor Standards Act»minimum wage» 40-hour work week or
equivalent» controls employment of minors
Union contracts» negotiate schedules, breaks
State laws vary
Employment Security/ Equal
Employment Opportunity (EEO)
Civil Rights Act (1964)» no discrimination on basis of
race, color, national origin» Title VII: includes action by
employers, employment agencies, labor unions
Title VII extension (1974)» no discrimination on basis of
religion and gender
Employment Security
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)» protects older workers
(40-70)
Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978)» no discrimination on basis
of pregnancy, childbirth, related medical conditions
Civil Rights Act of 1991» relaxed burden of proof» allowed for damages for
pain and suffering» i.e. more likely that
employees will sue to uphold the law
Employment Security
Employment Security
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990)» no discrimination on basis of
disability IF person is able to do the job with reasonable accommodation
» pre-employment: cannot ask about disability, medical history, physical exam
» can ask about performing certain tasks, require post-interview physical for everyone
Employment Security
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986» illegal to recruit or hire
anyone not legally eligible for U.S. employment
» I-9 form required
Employment Security
Other considerations:» sexual harassment» quotas for hiring– quota = fixed, inflexible % or #
of positions to be filled–Affirmative Action
vs. reverse discrimination
Risks to security:» unemployment» physical impairment» old age
Risks of security?
Employee Services
and Benefits
Health and safety» Occupational Safety and Health
Act (OSHA, 1970)– provide safe working conditions–worker’s compensation insurance
» Family and Medical Leave Act (1993)– allows for unpaid leave for
adoption, care for ill family members
Health insurance» Flexible Benefit plans
Accident insurance
Economic» Social Security Act» pension, retirement» profit-sharing» vacations, holidays, sick leave
Convenience and comfort»morale builders
Employee Services
and Benefits
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