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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Exploring the use of advanced
electrical motor technology for rail
access to orbit from the ground
Bypass the limits of chemically fueled
ground launch technology Bypasses tensile strength limitations of
tether space elevator technology
Potentially easy and efficient high volumeaccess to orbit from the ground
Economical lift of large numbers of
people to orbit; as well as SSPS
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Electric motors that become
transportation lifting bridge
structures from ground to orbit
Building structures that are electric motors
which have perimeters so large as to extendfrom ground up into earth orbit
These electric motor structures lift vehicles
continuously from ground to orbit Motor structures that infill OTT ground to
GEO shape support their weight by stored
kinetic energy centrifugally opposing gravity
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Basic Technological Functions to be Explored
and Developed
High velocity synchronous motor magneticlevitation tracks
The electric motors armature mass stream
segments
Vehicular lift by dynamic drag against the
upward-bound armature segments
Absorbing the energy of descending spacecraft& payload
Compensating for live loads on the structure
Ki i l il i l ki ihC if l fi i f hli i f E hS iI i f i lSSl d h di iS i i f i Of A S i i Al d iB i ll hi i h i h b l i f i l i
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Kinetic-electricinductive outputto power controlcircuits
lectrical to kinetic energysynchronous electromagneticaccelerator
arth sgravitational forceon armaturesegments
Centrifugal forceon armaturesegments
irection of thrustof armaturesegments againstmaglev track curvalong stationarystructure
xample armature segmentsmoving along maglev trackswithin stator structure
irection of Earth sgravitational force onstationary structure
S agneticpolarity ofmaglev tracks
Inner circumferentialtracks constrain path ofarmature segments
S
Sled attached tovehicle, inductivelydragging againstupward movingarmature segmentmass stream
irectiontoward the
arth
Schematic Diagram of Functions Of A Sliding Armature Technologyayload-carryingvehicle lifted byarmature segmentmass stream
Basically, this is a mechanism whereby electromagnetic armature segments of a giant electricmotor slide at very high velocity along inductive magnetic levitation bearing tracks within theelectric motor's stator structure, storing kinetic energy and transferring momentum and electricenergy around the extent of the structure, and also creating a radial outward centrifugal forceagainst the track due to the curved structural track-defined path of the armature segments.
Creating A Basic
Sliding Armature
Energy-Momentum
Transfer Technology
The magnetized
armature segments
inductively transfer
electrical energy and
momentum along
their paths within
maglev tracks, and
provide an outwardforce due to their
deflection from a
straight path by the
curved stator shape,
being an upward
supportive force
relative to the
encircled planet.
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
The basic shape of
the motor stator is
that of an Orbital
Transfer Trajectory
between the Earthsurface and GEO.
The armature segments are traveling along maglev tracks
on the underside of the motors stator, much faster thanfor an orbital transfer trajectory. The excess velocity
above orbital transfer trajectory velocity presses outward,
upward against the weight of the stator with its live loads.
Primary Structural Support Is By Stored Energy
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
The Orbital
Transfer
Trajectoryshaped electric
motor
Infills a
perimeter of
about 131,300
km, along
which it lifts
payload-
carryingvehicles up to
orbit in GEO
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
The actual workdone to payload by
lifting it from ground to GEO is
only16 kWh/kg Based on chemically fueled launch vehicle statistics, it may seem impossibly
expensive to move payload in large quantities from the ground up to GEO.
Yet, consider the calculated actual amount of energy added to a mass simply
by lifting it to GEO altitude and imparting orbital velocity to it there:
= 5.23 x 107 Joules / kg = 14.76 kWh /kg
To add orbital velocity energy at GEO, an additional 0.96 kWh / Kg is needed,3.1 x 103 m/sec, for a total of 15.72 kWh per kg from the equator to GEO. At
$0.10 per kWh electric rates, that is an added energy cost of only $1.58 per kgfrom ground to GEO. Any further expended transportation energy is overheadinefficiency, a function of the type of transportation system.
This compares to the work done to mass by accelerating it to escape velocity,17.8 kWh/kg. Emplacement in GEO is 91% up out of Earths gravity well.
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Estimating The Mass And Power For
KESTS To GEO Transportation Systems
1.8E71.8E41.8E3Mass to GEO in kg per hour6E86E56E4Power input to KESTS in kWh3.9E103.9E73.9E6KESTS total mass in kg100010.1KESTS Crossection in cm2
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
GEO
Geostationary Earth Orbit Clarke Belt35,786 km above equator, 91% up outof Earth s gravitational well
Launch Systems WayStation to the Solar
System
Earth sequatorKinetic Energy SupportedTransportation Structures
KESTS
SolarPower
Satellite
Solar Powered TotalChemical ElementSeparation Plant
Large scalePassivelyShielded
SpaceSettlements
EarthSolar PoweredMass StreamThruster
Primary Accelleratorat Ground TerminalsKinetic Structure Bridge Vehicle Lift To GEO
James E. D. Cline Why Do This?
Enormous New Things
Become Possible:
To emplace huge factories
in GEO
To worldwide emplace and
maintain SSPS power
stations in GEO
To emplace total waste
recycling plants into GEOand to transport recycle
materials to/from them.
To emplace GEO spaceport
launch facilities and to lift
spacecraft between ground
and GEO
To emplace first full-sized
space settlements in GEO
and move thousands of
people and their goods up to
live and work there in space
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Potentials Made Possible By Utilizing ThisTechnology for Creation Of KESTS To GEO
Early construction of adequate quantities of SolarSatellite Power Stations from earth surface materials
Construction of solar powered total recyclingplants in GEO, and transport of toxic wastes to there for
mass separation processing and then return down to earth Interplanetary exploratory and industrial spacecraftneed only to connect to GEO, already 91% up out of theearths gravity well, also far above the atmosphere
Large scale passively shielded human habitationmaintenance and tourist facilities can be built out of earthsurface materials, easy commute to the ground
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
toriallyKESTS Pair
rke Beltf attachment at the equator, a KESTS pair perhaps could be mirrored about thevariation of KESTS which avoids the necessity to have the ground terminal at the
nd which provides alternate transportation paths between Northern and Southerntes, mirrored about the equator, can also be considered. This would have pairs of ben
hich press against each other where they meet in GEO, to balance the out-of-l-plane forces. The bending forces would need to be taken up by the strength ofof the KESTS stator and its maglev tracks.
cture Bridge Vehicle Lift To GEO
Cline
For more direct access far from the equator, perhaps KESTS can be built in pairs,
balanced across the equator, leaning on each other where they meet in GEO.
Bending stress needs to be absorbed mostly by stator strength of materials.
140 AustraliaJapan
50 MadagascarSaudi
Arabia
120 AustraliaChina
20 South AfricaNorthAfrica
70 Comodoro,
Argentina
Maine,
USA
68 BoliviaPuerto
Rico
LongitudeSouthern
Hemisphere
Northern
Hemisphere
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Benefits Enormous new business opportunities become available, by
ensuring availability of abundant clean electrical energyworldwide for the future, and by rapidly embracing a space-based civilization:
Ability to emplace many SSPS in the near future
At $0.10/kWh, energy added to place in GEO is only $1.74/kg Ability to profitably take full responsibility for total recycling of
civilizations toxic waste materials of all kinds, and closing theindustrial materials loop
Abundant zero-gee hard vacuum for large mass separator plants
Enable interplanetary industrial spacecraft launches to be from GEOinstead of from the ground
GEO is already 91% up out of the Earths gravitational well
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Copyright 2002 James E. D. Cline.
Summary A new field of transportation technology is proposed to be
created
Involves the energy and momentum exchanges betweenelectric motor moving armature segments and the motorsstationary stator maglev track
Armature segments slide along maglev tracks in a hardvacuum at km/s velocities
This technology could be used in:
Electrical energy storage for power grid load leveling
Electrical power transfer across vast distances
Momentum-exchange delivery throughout very long and high
transportation structures Planet-encircling kinetic energy supported ground to space
transportation structures, with wisdom, could open up theEarths ecosystem to the vast resources of the solar system
The enabled business opportunities are diverse and immense.For more info, visit www.kestsgeo.com
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Copyright 2002 James E D Cline
ConclusionStarting from advanced electric motor principles, wecould develop a sliding armature energy-momentum
transfer technology as applied to extremely highcapacity transfer of payload between the ground andhigh earth orbit, such as for use in emplacing andmaintaining a ring of immense solar power satellites
around the earth, high capacity toxic refuse totalrecycling plants in high orbit, and a high beachhead91% up out of the earths gravitational well for reachingout to the rest of the solar system. Consider this as an
alternative to near future extreme international conflictsdue to multiple physical resource depletions and toxicmaterials accumulation worldwide.
For more info, visit www.kestsgeo.com
Email:[email protected] [email protected]
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