BSC3i Gb over IP presentationBSC IP Connectivity 2007 Dallas Use Slide show mode
Customer Confidential 1 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP Training/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting
Customer Confidential 2 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
IP connectivity in Mobile NetworksBSC Site Architecture conforms with Controller/Core Site Architecture in IP Connectivity in Mobile Networks solution description. BSC Site IP Connectivity Guidelines documentation presents BSC solution.NetAct BSC site= L2/L3 site switch
= IP/Ethernet = IP/SDH or PDH= site edge router
BSC IP BackboneGGSN
BSC
GGSN Other IP NE
BSC BSC MSC
SGSN
Core site
BSC siteCustomer Confidential 3 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
BSC3i IP architecture Ethernet interfaces in BSC 3i O&M Lb/SMLC BBI/BSC-BSC A (signaling) Gb over IP LDI
Customer Confidential 4 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
BSC IP interfaces (related to Gb over IP)BSCOMU SWUsFTP TCP Telnet
O&MNetAct ClusterSNMP/TFTP/DHC P
IP ETHERNET
O&M
UDP
TELNE T TCP
Q3O&MBSSGP NS
MCMUs
IP ETHERNET
LDILAN Device Integration PCUs Gb Over IP
UDP IP ETHERNET
GbInternet Protocol (RFC 791) Internet Protocol, version 6 (RFC 2460)
SGSN
DNSDNS serverCustomer Confidential 5 Nokia Siemens Networks
Transmission Control Protocol (RFC 793) User Datagram Protocol (RFC 768) Stream Control Transmission Protocol (RFC 2960) Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Communication Network: CPULAN and PCULAN BSC3i 660BSC3i CPULANSWU-0 OMU OMU OMU MCMU MCMU MCMU BCSU BCSU BCSU
BSC IP Site
Backbone
SWU-1 Spanning Virtual gateway Routing protocol
IP backbone
PCULANPCU PCU PCU SWU-2
tree
Site Edge Routers/Switches e.g. Cisco 6500, 7200 or 7600 series L2/L3 Site Switches e.g. Cisco 3550/3750
SWU-3
L2 Switch ESB20-A / ESB26Customer Confidential 6 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
BSC3i 1000, SWU0-5 BSC3i 1000, SWU0-5
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting
Customer Confidential 7 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Interface RedundancyUNIT-n (WOEX) Logical & carrier sense active 172.16.2.2
carrier sense backup (172.16.2.2)
0
1
Interface redundancy may be used to backup IP address assigned for Ethernet or VLAN interfaces inside the same computer unit. In a case physical link fails, a Carrier Sense IP address is quickly moved to the back-up interface and a gratuitous ARP is broadcasted to advertise the MAC address of the new active interface. Status changes at the physical link are detected by device interrupt and the redundant IP address switchover is therefore nearly transparent action for IP user applications; meaning redundant IP addressing switchover has no effect on established TCP/IP connections. The interface redundancy is used in OMU and PCU.
Customer Confidential 8 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Logical IP addressingUNIT-1 (SP)-> (WO)
UNIT-0 (WO)-> (TE/SP) Logical & carrier sense active 172.16.2.2
carrier sense backup (172.16.2.2)
Logical & carrier sense active 172.16.2.2
carrier sense backup (172.16.2.2)
0
1
0
1
Logical IP addressing based redundancy model may be used to hide internal failover actions and remain serving IP address as the same for the remote peer-end application over the local unit switchover. Notice that only the IP address is able to remain over unit switchover and all existing IP connections are lost since the TCP/IP stack and local IP applications of DX200 are not warmed and not able to move established connections from the failing unit to the another working one. The logical IP addressing is used in PCU.
Customer Confidential 9 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Spanning Tree ProtocolSpanning tree opens the shortest and the fastest path to backbone Port roles (root, designated, alternate, backup), Port states (Discarding, Learning, Forwarding) Prevention of network loopsIP backboneSite switch-1 Site
IP backbone
switch-2
MSTP
MSTP
SWU-2
SWU-3
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCUCustomer Confidential 10 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
PCU
Multiple Spanning Tree (MSTP)SWU:! Protocol configuration: ! protocol ! ! MSTP configuration: ! mstp enable ! mstp name BSC_Plat instance 0 vlan 1-99,101-199,201-4094 instance 1 vlan 100 instance 2 vlan 200 interface 1/1/22 name gb mstp edge-port default vlan 800 ! interface 1/1/23 name cisco0 duplex-speed full-1000 mstp link-type point-to-point
Site Switch:spanning-tree mode mst spanning-tree extend system-id ! spanning-tree mst configuration name BSC_Plat revision 1 instance 1 vlan 100
instance 2 vlan 200spanning-tree mst 0-1 priority 24576 spanning-tree mst 2 priority 28672 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
description swu0_BSC1switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 100 switchport mode trunk switchport nonegotiate duplex full
speed 100spanning-tree link-type point-to-point
Customer Confidential 11 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP)Site Switch:spanning-tree mode mst spanning-tree extend system-id ! spanning-tree mst configuration name BSCsite revision 1 ! spanning-tree mst 0 priority 24576 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3 description swu0_BSC1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 100
SWU:! Protocol configuration: ! protocol ! ! RSTP configuration: ! rapid-spanning-tree enable ! interface 1/1/22 name gb rapid-spanning-tree edge-port default vlan 800 ! interface 1/1/23 name cisco0 duplex-speed full-1000
switchport mode trunkswitchport nonegotiate duplex full speed 100 spanning-tree link-type point-to-point
Customer Confidential 12 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Virtual GatewayVirtual Gateway works by the exchange of multicast messages that advertise priority among configured routers. When the active router fails to send a hello message within a configurable period of time, the standby router with the highest priority takes the virtual address and becomes the active router. Cisco has own Cisco Specific Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) for router redundancy.IP backbone IP backbone
Site switch-1
HSRP
Site switch-2
HSRP HSRP
Virtual Gateway
Virtual Gateway
SWU-2
SWU-3
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCUCustomer Confidential 13 Nokia Siemens Networks
Default gateway
Same IP address
Default gateway
PCU
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Virtual gateway (HSRP)BSC:ZQKB; LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 4.18-0 BSC3i BSC1 2007-09-03 11:28:25
INTERROGATED STATIC ROUTES UNIT ------------------BCSU-0 -PCU2D-3 BCSU-0 -PCU2D-4 BCSU-0 -PCU2D-5 BCSU-0 -PCU2D-6 COMMAND EXECUTED DESTINATION -----------------DEFAULT ROUTE DEFAULT ROUTE DEFAULT ROUTE DEFAULT ROUTE GATEWAY ADDRESS -----------------10.16.137.129 10.16.137.129 10.16.137.129 10.16.137.129 ROUTE TYPE ----LOG LOG LOG LOG NBR ---------2 3 4 5
Site Switch:interface Vlan100 description gb
ip address 10.16.137.130 255.255.255.192no ip proxy-arp standby 2 ip 10.16.137.129 standby 2 timers msec 500 2 standby 2 preempt delay minimum 60 !Customer Confidential 14 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Site Switch IP, VLAN subnet virtual gateway address failure supervision returning from failure
EtherChannelCiscos EtherChannel allows to bundle identical physical ports together to form one logical port. IEEE 802.3ad uses term Link Aggregation Group for the same functionality, also called port or link trunking.
SWU GSREtherChannel Trunking Gigabit Ethernet x 2
SWU
Customer Confidential 15 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Backbone routing protocolsWith routing protocols (e.g. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)) the alternative routes to the service are advertised. Using the routing protocols neighbouring routers discover link failures and are able to route traffic to the surviving links .IP backbone
IP backboneSite switch-1 Site switch-2
OSPF
OSPF
SWU-2
SWU-3
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCU
PCU
Customer Confidential 16 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Redundancies overallRedundant IP backbone may provide different IP path for sent and received IP packet. MSTP manages ports in the switches and opens the best path between assigned IFETH and L2/L3 switch. Switchover from root to alternate port takes 200 ms (even 100ms) Virtual Gateway address HSRP switchover takes 1-5 seconds by tuned timers (L2 recovery takes 100200ms)MSTP
SGSNIP backboneHSRP gateway MSTP instance Gb
Site Switch 2 MSTP ROOT 1 Interface change Site Switch Site Switch 2 failure failure
ROOT
SWU-2
SWU-3
Site Switch, ESB and Backbone redundancies (HW) Interface redundance andLogical interface PCUIP packet
Customer Confidential 17 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting
Customer Confidential 18 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
BSC3i 660 CPULAN, ESB20-ASite
All VLANs tagged in TRUNKs1 or 2
Site switch-2
switch-1
10/100BASE-T/Tx Fast Ethernets 1 or 2 19 19 20 9 10 11 12
Exception:Lb-1 and -2 tagged9 10 11 12
SWU-0ESB20-A in MCMU-02013 14 15 16 17
SWU-113 14
ESB20-A in MCMU-1
18
15
16
17
18
Untagged0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
MCMU-0 MCMU-1Lb-1 VLAN Lb-2 VLAN Lb-1 VLAN Lb-2 VLAN
OMUO&M
BCSU-0 BCSU-1 BCSU-2 BCSU-3 BCSU-4 BCSU-5 BCSU-6A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 VLAN A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 VLAN A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 VLAN A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 VLAN A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2 A/BBI-1 VLAN A/BBI-2
VLAN
VLAN
VLAN
VLAN
Customer Confidential 19 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
BSC3i 660 PCULAN, ESB20-AGb VLAN tagged in TRUNKs10/100BASE-T/Tx Fast Ethernets 1 or 2 19 19 20 1 or 2
Site switch-1
Site switch-2
SWU-256 7 8 9
ESB20-A in MCMU-0 20
SWU-36 7 8 9
ESB20-A in MCMU-1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
5
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
UntaggedPCU PCU 4/3 GbBCSU-0 VLAN
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5 Gb
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5 Gb
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3 Gb
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
6/5
GbBCSU-1
GbBCSU-5
GbBCSU-6
VLAN
BCSU-2
VLAN
BCSU-3
VLAN
BCSU-4
VLAN
VLAN
VLAN
Customer Confidential 20 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
VLAN configuration SWUCreate vlan and add ports to the vlanvlan create gb config gb add ports add ports add ports 100 1/1/1,1/1/2,1/1/19,1/1/20 tagged trunk ports, egress rule 1/1/5-1/1/18 untagged host ports default 1/1/5-1/1/18 ingress rule
Default vlan for untagged Host portinterface 1/1/10 name gb mstp edge-port default vlan 100 ingress rule
Default vlan is not needed for tagged host port (Lb)interface 1/1/10 name lb-1 mstp edge-port
Customer Confidential 21 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
VLAN configuration Site SwitchVLAN introduction in Site Switchinterface Vlan100 description gb ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.192 no ip proxy-arp standby 1 ip 10.1.4.1 standby 1 priority 100 standby 1 timers msec 500 2 standby 1 preempt delay minimum 60
Set the VLAN to be allowed in uplinkinterface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 description swu2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 11,100 ingress and egress rules switchport mode trunk switchport nonegotiate duplex full speed 100 spanning-tree link-type point-to-point
Customer Confidential 22 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP (BSC site) / IP addresses1 subnet for each BSC, which includes following IP addresses: 1 address for each PCU (LOG) 1 address for PCU GW (HSRP for Gb VLAN) 1 address for Site Switch 1 (Gb VLAN) 1 address for Site Switch 2 (Gb VLAN)1 or 2 19 19 20 5 6 7 8 9
L2/L3 switch - 1GW-1 GW HSRP
L2/L3 switch - 2GW-2
1 or 2
SWU-25 6 7 8 9
ESB20-A in MCMU-0 20
SWU-3
ESB20-A in MCMU-1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
IP PCU 6/5 GW
IP PCU GW 4/3
PCU IP 6/5 GW
PCU IP 4/3 GW
IP PCU 6/5 GW
IP PCU GW 4/3
PCU IP 6/5 GW
IP PCU 4/3 GW
PCU IP 6/5 GW
PCU IP 4/3 GW
IP PCU GW 6/5
IP PCU GW 4/3
IP PCU GW 6/5
IP PCU GW 4/3
BCSU-0
BCSU-1
BCSU-2
BCSU-3
BCSU-4
BCSU-5
BCSU-6
Customer Confidential 23 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb subnet allocationBSC type PCU units 8 16 24 Site routers TOTAL Subnet mask examples and Virtual gateway 3 11 /28 == 14 addresses 3 3 3 3 19 27 53 103 /27 == 30 addresses /27 == 30 addresses /26 == 62 addresses /25 == 126 addresses Ending address 10.255.255.255 172.16.255.255 192.168.255.255
BSC BSC2i BSC3i 660
BSC3i 1000 50 BSC3i 2000 100 Private IP Address Block 10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.0.0/16Customer Confidential 24 Nokia Siemens Networks
Starting address 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 192.168.0.0IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Subnet allocation example for Gb VLAN Gb VLAN example in BSC3i 1000Gb VLAN SUBNET HSRP Site Switch-1 Site Switch-2 PCU-0 PCU-1 PCU-nn IP addresses 10.8.228.128-192/26 10.8.228.130 10.8.228.131 10.8.228.132 10.8.228.133 10.8.228.134 10.8.228.1xx
Customer Confidential 25 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting
Customer Confidential 26 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Rapid STP (RSTP) One spanning tree forswitches Fast re-calculation of loops Why RSTP concept?MSTPROOT
IP backbone
Easy to configureWhy not Site Switch redundance is not able touse efficientlySWU-0 SWU-1RSTP RSTP RSTP RSTP
SWU-2
SWU-3
MCMU LDI
PCU Gb
Customer Confidential 27 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Multiple STP (MSTP) Enables VLANs to begrouped into a spanning-tree instance; supports multiple instances Why MSTP concept?MSTPROOT (instance 0)LDI
IP backbone
MSTPROOT (instance 1) O&M, Lb-1, A/BBI-1I
MSTPROOT (inctance 2) Gb, Lb-2, A/BBI-2
Multiple uplink paths. Site Switchredundance can be used.MSTP MSTP MSTP MSTP MSTP MSTP
Why not Sensitive configuration. Spanning treeconfiguration shall be identical in the switches.
SWU-0
SWU-1
SWU-2
SWU-3
LDI
CPUO&M Lb-1 A/BBI-1 Lb-2 A/BBI-2
PCU Gb
Customer Confidential 28 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
MSTP for Gb instance IP paths in Gb over IPVLANs Gb VLAN Site switch - 1MSTP instance Gb
MSTP port rolesPort open to root Port open
ROOT
forwarding IP backbone DESIGNATED
forwardingDESIGNATED forwarding
L2/L3
MSTP
switch - 1 ROOT
Port blocked
Gb in TRUNK
and ALTERNATE discarding
1 or 2 MSTP 19 19 20 5 6 7 8 9
1 or 2 MSTP
SWU-220
SWU-310 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
BCSU-0
BCSU-1
BCSU-2
BCSU-3
BCSU-4
BCSU-5
BCSU-6
Customer Confidential 29 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
MSTP for Gb instance (1/2) Site Switch-2 failureVLANs Gb VLANMSTP Site instance Gb ROOT
MSTP port rolesPort open to root Port
ROOT
forwarding
IP backbone DESIGNATEDforwarding DESIGNATED forwarding
open
switch - 1
instance Gb
L2/L3
MSTP
switch - 1 ROOT
Port blocked
Gb in TRUNK
and ALTERNATE discarding
1 or 2 MSTP 19 19 20 5 6 7 8 9
1 or 2 MSTP
SWU-220
SWU-310 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
BCSU-0
BCSU-1
BCSU-2
BCSU-3
BCSU-4
BCSU-5
BCSU-6
Customer Confidential 30 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
MSTP for Gb instance (2/2) Site Switch-1 failureVLANs Gb VLAN Site switch - 1MSTP instance Gb
MSTP port rolesPort open to root Port open
ROOT forwarding
IP backbone DESIGNATEDforwardingDESIGNATED forwarding
L2/L3
MSTP
switch - 1 ROOT
Port blocked
Gb in TRUNK
and ALTERNATE discarding
1 or 2 MSTP 19 19 20 5 6 7 8 9
1 or 2 MSTP
SWU-220
SWU-310 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
PCU 6/5
PCU 4/3
BCSU-0
BCSU-1
BCSU-2
BCSU-3
BCSU-4
BCSU-5
BCSU-6
Customer Confidential 31 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN MSTP Site Solution L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting
Customer Confidential 32 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Multilayer SwitchingMultilayer switching is simply the combination of traditional Layer 2 switching with Layer 3 routing in a single product. Multilayer switch allows to isolate L2 issues (MSTP) from the rest of the network.L2 L3 SWU L2/L3 Router
MSTP
OSPF
Customer Confidential 33 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
IP Site Connectivity: L2 and L3CPU PCU ESB Multilayer Site SwitchL3 (routing) IP host L2 (switching) L2 (switching)IP backboneL3 (e.g. OSPF)
IP backbone L2 (VLAN + e.g. MSTP)
SWU-2#show mac-address-table ===============+======================+===============+===========+==========+ # | 9 | 10 | VID 0101 0101 | | | Mac 00:40:43:e3:d0:8e 00:40:43:e3:d0:90 | | | PORT 1/1/10 1/1/10 | | | STATUS dynamic dynamic | PRIORITY | | 0 | 0 | |
----+----------+----------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+
S6_app_plat_C0#SHow MAC-address-table Mac Address Table ------------------------------------------Vlan ---101 101 Mac Address ----------0040.43e3.d08e 0040.43e3.d090 Type -------DYNAMIC DYNAMIC Ports ----Gi1/0/4 Gi1/0/4
S6_app_plat_C0#SHow IP ROUte OSPF 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 101 subnets, 6 masks O O 10.16.154.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w0d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52 10.16.155.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w0d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52
Customer Confidential 34 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Switching principleIP Packet L2/L3 switch - 1 L2/L3 MAC TABLE (in Site-1) switch - 2Gb PORTGb PORT 1 5 MAC SITE-1 FF PCU 1 or 2 19 19 20 5 6 7 8 9 4
MAC TABLE (in SWU-2)
MAC-
41 or 2
PCU-
1819/20
PCUFF
SWU-27 8 9
ESB20-A in MCMU-0 20
SWU-3
ESB20-A in MCMU-1
5
6
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
IP PCU 6/5 GW
IP PCU GW 4/3
PCU IP 6/5 GW
PCU IP 4/3 GW
IP PCU 6/5 GW
IP PCU GW 4/3
PCU IP 6/5 GW
IP PCU 4/3 GW
PCU IP 6/5 GW
PCU IP 4/3 GW
IP PCU GW 6/5
IP PCU GW 4/3
IP PCU GW 6/5
IP PCU GW 4/3
BCSU-0
BCSU-1
BCSU-2
BCSU-3
BCSU-4
BCSU-5
BCSU-6
Customer Confidential 35 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
L2 IP BackboneNOT RECOMMENDED IP storms are known threat in switching backbones. NetAct2IP subnet for PCUs and HSRP Gb-3VLAN
BSC
MSTP
VLANUnique in MSTP region
IP subnetUnique in backbone
1
1 MSTP ROOT
1 region
10.16.130/26 10.16.131/26 10.16.132/26 10.20.100/26
3MSTP
4
BSC-1 IP (L2) BackboneGb-1VLAN
MSTP ROOT
GGSN
BSC-2Gb-2VLAN
MSTP Gb-4 IP subnetVLAN
GGSN Other IP NE
for PCUs and
BSC-4IP subnet for PCUs and HSRP
BSC-3
HSRP
MSC
SGSN
Customer Confidential 36 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Routing principle IP address routing Each router knows neighboursubnets and accessing gatewayNetAct
IP ROUTING TABLE (BSC-1)IP ROUTE Core subnets via core gateway 1 IP ROUTE O&M subnet via O&M gatewayPort
IP ROUTING TABLE (CORE)IP ROUTE Core subnets via bsc-1 site gateway IP ROUTE O&M subnet via O&M gateway2Port
IPPacket BSC-1 IP (L3) BackboneGGSN
BSC-2
GGSN Other IP NE
BSC-4 BSC-3 MSC SGSN
Customer Confidential 37 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
L3 IP BackboneBSC RECOMMENDED BACKBONE NetAct2IP subnet for PCUs and HSRP GbVLAN
MSTP
VLANUnique in MSTP region
IP subnetUnique in backbone
1
1 2&3
1 region 2&3 region 2&3 region
10.16.130/26 10.16.131/26 10.16.132/26 10.20.100/26
3MSTP 1
4
Core
Core region
BSC-1 IP (L3) BackboneGb-1VLAN
MSTP Core
GGSN
MSTP
BSC-2Gb-2VLAN
2&3 Gb IP subnetVLAN
GGSN Other IP NE
for PCUs and
BSC-4IP subnet for PCUs and HSRP
BSC-3
HSRP
MSC
SGSN
Customer Confidential 38 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting Example of customer problems Interface down Capacity throughput problem What next?
Customer Confidential 39 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Customer case Communication network problemsOur testing has shown that pure Rapid Spanning Tree does not work or does have interoperability issues between Nokia ESB 20 A and CISCO 7609. Unfortunately there is no configurations guideline, where the dependencies have been described. Customer expect to get a clear interoperability Guideline regarding CISCO 7609 and Nokia Switches ESB 20 A. Furthermore Nokia has to show the convergence time for the Swap of the virtual connection from System testing Point of view! Problem categories: Gb over IP is not working Gb over IP is working, but recovery time is too long Gb over IP is working, but management access is missingCustomer Confidential 40 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Communication network ESB-3 management access is missingBSC3ino-STP
CPULANSWU-0
PVST ROOT
O&M OMU O&M backboneno-STP
LDI MCMU
SWU-1
RSTP ROOTPCU PCU PCU
PCULAN
LDI/SWU-3 problem PVST
RSTP SWU-2 LOOP
PVSTSWU-3
IP backbone
RSTPL2 Switch ESB20-A / ESB26Customer Confidential 41 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Communication Network Service breaks is Gb over IPBSC3ino-STP
CPULANSWU-0
PVST LOOP
PVST ROOT
O&M OMU O&M backboneno-STP
LDI MCMU
SWU-1
RSTP ROOTPCU PCU PCU
PCULANPVSTSWU-2
Gb problem PVSTSWU-3
IP backbone
RSTPL2 Switch ESB20-A / ESB26Customer Confidential 42 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP Recovery time too longBSC3ino-STP
PVST ROOT
CPULANSWU-0
O&M OMUno-STP
O&M backbone
MSTP Cisco
LDI MCMU
SWU-1
RSTP ROOTPCU PCU PCU
PCULANSWU-2
MSTPCisco
IP backbone
SWU-3 Recovery time after interface shutdown is over 30 sec
RSTPL2 Switch ESB20-A / ESB26Customer Confidential 43 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Customer comment: It can be stated, that the Time converges to 33 sec which is not RSTP, where couple of 100 msec are expected!
Spanning tree problem Too long recoverySpanning tree settings in Site Switchspanning-tree mode mst spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default spanning-tree backbonefast spanning-tree vlan 1-900 priority 32728 ! spanning-tree mst configuration instance 1 vlan 89 ! spanning-tree mst 1 priority 24576! protocol rapid-spanning-tree enable rapid-spanning-tree priority 45056
Spanning tree settings in ESB! Protocol configuration:
!! VLAN configuration: ! vlan create userplane 89
RSTP
is compliant only with instance 0
config userplane
Recovery based on STP
add ports 1/1/1,1/1/19,1/1/20 taggedadd ports 1/1/7,1/1/9,1/1/11 untagged
Customer Confidential 44 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
NSN recommendation, how to proceedBSC3i CPULANMSTPSWU-0
PVST ROOT
O&M OMU O&M backbone MSTP LDI MCMUSWU-1
L3MSTP
PCULANMSTPPCU PCU PCU SWU-2
MSTPSWU-3
IP backbone
Gb root
MSTPL2 Switch ESB20-A / ESB26Customer Confidential 45 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN MSTP Site Solution L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting Example of customer problems Interface down Capacity throughput problem What next?
Customer Confidential 46 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description Step (1) Local host connectivity Step (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states
Step (4) MSTP port rolesStep (5) MSTP failure Step (6) VLAN Step (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 47 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP interface is down SymptomsA problem with IP transport may often manifest itself as an application level transmission failure. BSC application alarms may be raised. The supervision recognizes that there is problem in IP transport when the periodically requested remote host (IP address) becomes unreachable. When the response is missing, and the application fails because of a link failure, there is reason to suspect a problem in IP transport. BSC application alarm for Gb is the following: 3025 NETWORK SERVICE VIRTUAL CONNECTION TEST PROCEDURE FAILED in the Gb interface.
Customer Confidential 48 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP interface is down Active alarmsBSC9 BCSU-0 SWITCH 2007-09-04 ** ALARM BCSU-0 1A003-00 PCU2_D-7 (0399) 3019 NETWORK SERVICE ENTITY UNAVAILABLE 0E 0B8E FFNSEI 02958
13:10:57.89
BSC9 BCSU-0 SWITCH 2007-09-04 13:10:57.89 * ALARM BCSU-0 1A003-00 PCU2_D-7 (0398) 3020 NETWORK SERVICE VIRTUAL CONNECTION UNAVAILABLE 0E 0B8E FF 0B8E FFFF 04 0A 10 90 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E875NSEI
BSC9 BCSU-0 SWITCH 2007-09-04 13:10:57.89 * ALARM BCSU-0 1A003-00 PCU2_D-7 (0397) 3025 NETWORK SERVICE VIRTUAL CONNECTION TEST PROCEDURE FAILED 0E 0B8E FF 0B8E FFFF 0A 10 90 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E875NSEI 02958 IP address 10.16.144.73
02958
STATIC CONFIGURED NS-VL(S):OP ID NAME REMOTE REMOTE UDP PORT 59509 STATE RDW RSW IP ADDRESS BL-SY 200 200 10.16.144.73
----- ---------- ----- --- --- --------------- -------02958 PET5_NS24
Customer Confidential 49 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP interface is down Possible causesThere are several possible causes: The IP backbone router and/or the remote host cannot be reached. Multilayer site switches, switching unit(s), or the local host cannot be reached because of problems in the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) configurations.
?
PAPU
IP backbone
Site Switch-1
Site
?
??
Switch-2
? SWU-2
SWU-3
?PCUCustomer Confidential 50 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 51 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 1-1 Local host connectivity Check the PCU host connectivity Problem may be in IP addressconfiguration and the address stateIP backbone PAPU
Site Switch-1
Site Switch-2
SWU-2
SWU-3
?PCUCustomer Confidential 52 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 1-2 IP address stateCheck if the IP address of the host port is assigned (YES) and its administrative state UP.QRI:BCSU,0:; BSC3i BSC9 2007-09-02 16:18:55
INTERROGATING NETWORK INTERFACE DATA ADDR ADM UNIT NAME IP ADDRESS TYPE NML ASSIGNED STATE ------------------ -------- --------------- ---- --- -------- ----BCSU-0 EL0 10.16.140.84 L 28 YES UP EL1 10.16.140.100 L 28 YES UP -PCU2D- 3 IFETH0 10.16.140.132 L 25 YES UP -PCU2D- 3 IFETH1 10.16.140.132 L 25 NO UP -PCU2D- 4 IFETH0 10.16.140.133 L 25 YES UP -PCU2D- 4 IFETH1 10.16.140.133 L 25 NO UP -PCU2D- 5 IFETH0 10.16.140.134 L 25 YES UP -PCU2D- 5 IFETH1 10.16.140.134 L 25 Active NO UP -PCU2D- 6 IFETH0 10.16.140.135 L 25 interface YES UP PRIORISED ----- ----1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO 1500 NO MTU
Customer Confidential 53 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 1-3 ResultsPAPU
Checked PCU configuration IP address == 10.16.140.132 address type == logical assigned port == IFETH0 admin status == YES Conclusion Checked and OK Checked and NOK If the administrative state is not UP,change the state of the network interface with the ZQRN-command
IP backbone
Site Switch-1
Site Switch-2
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 54 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 55 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 2-1 Gateway and remote host connectivity Check gateway and remote host connectivity Problem may be in IP backbone and/or SGSN (PAPU) addition to BSC local IP problems Basic connection tests are between affected PCU and SGSN/Site Switch Advanced test can be done for rest of combinations within the connection path Site switch 1 to SGSN Site Switch 1 to next hop (next gateway) Site Switch 2 to SGSN Site Switch 2 to next hop (next gateway)
?
PAPU
IP backboneSite Switch-1
Site Switch-2
?
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 56 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 2-2 Gateway address Check configuration of the gateway address (in affected PCU) E.g. PCU-4 in BCSU-0QKB:BCSU,0; LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 4.18-0 BSC3i BSC1 2007-09-03 11:28:25
INTERROGATED STATIC ROUTES ROUTE UNIT DESTINATION GATEWAY ADDRESS TYPE ------------------- ------------------ ------------------ ----BCSU-0 -PCU2D-3 DEFAULT ROUTE 10.16.137.129 LOG BCSU-0 -PCU2D-4 DEFAULT ROUTE 10.16.137.129 LOG BCSU-0 -PCU2D-5 DEFAULT ROUTE 10.16.137.129 LOG BCSU-0 -PCU2D-6 DEFAULT ROUTE 10.16.137.129 LOG COMMAND EXECUTED NBR ---------2 3 4 5
Customer Confidential 57 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 2-3 Remote host connectivity Send a PING from active interface (PCU) to the alarmed IP address of theremote host.QRX:BCSU,0:PCU2D,4:IP=10.16.51.5:PING:; BSC3i BSC9 2007-09-02 16:39:38
PING, SENDING UNIT: BCSU-0 Pinging 10.16.51.5 (10.16.51.5) with 64 bytes of data: Request timed out: Resource temporarily unavailable (35). COMMAND EXECUTED
If you receive a positive response, it means that IP transport is working end-to-end and thus there is not IP transport problem. Otherwise continue with the instructions.Customer Confidential 58 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 2-4 Check the gateway connectivity Send a PING from affected PCU to the gateway address.QRX:BCSU,0:PCU2D,4:IP=10.16.137.129:PING:; BSC3i BSC9 2007-09-02 16:41:30
PING, SENDING UNIT: BCSU-0 Pinging 10.16.137.129 (10.16.137.129) with 64 bytes of data: Request timed out: Resource temporarily unavailable (35). COMMAND EXECUTED
If you receive a positive response, it means that IP transport is working between PCU and Site Switch and thus there is not problem in the BSC IP site. Otherwise continue with the instructions.Customer Confidential 59 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 2-5 Results Results of connectivity tests Gateway == timeout address== 10.16.137.129PAPU
SGSN address
== timeout== 10.16.51.5Site Switch-1
IP backbone
Conclusion Checked and only gateway is OK Check backbone routing configuration (tonext hop) and/or request backbone support
Site Switch-2
Checked and not OK IP transport is down in local siteSWU-2 SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 60 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 61 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 3-1 ESB port states Check port states in ESB-2 and ESB-3 Problem may be in ESB port admin stateand/or duplex settingIP backbone PAPU
Site Switch-1
Site Switch-2
SWU-2
?
SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 62 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 3-2 Port states in each ESB (PCULAN) Check the ESB port states and duplex mode settings.SWU-2#SH interface ============================================================================== |Port |Name |Type |State |Link|DuplSpeed|Flow |Backpres|Default Vlan +-----+--------+--------+-------+----+---------+-------+--------+------------1/1/1 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001 1/1/2 100TX enable down unknown disable disable 0001 1/1/3 swu0-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0111 1/1/4 100TX enable down unknown disable disable 0001 1/1/5 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/6 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/7 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/8 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/9 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/10 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/11 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/12 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/13 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/14 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/15 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/16 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/17 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/18 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/19 swu2-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001 1/1/20 swu2-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001Customer Confidential 63 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 3-3 Results Port settings shall be following in ESB-2and ESB-3 Duplex mode and speed downlink == half (100) uplink == full (100 or 1000) redundance == full (100 or 1000)IP backboneSite Switch-1 uplink
PAPU
State Link
Site Switch-2
== enable == up
redundance
Conclusion Checked and OK Checked and not OK Reconfigure interface
link
SWU-2
SWU-3
downlink
PCU
Customer Confidential 64 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 65 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 4-1 MSTP instance for Gb VLAN/port roles Check MSTP port roles in ESB-2 and ESB-3. Problem may be blocked portPAPU
IP backboneSite Switch-1
Site Switch-2
?SWU-2
?
SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 66 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 4-2 ESB ports in Gb VLAN Check that the PCU host ports connected to the MSTP edge ports areadded to the Gb VLANs as untagged ports, and that the uplink and redundant ports are added to the correct VLANs as tagged ports.SWU-2#SHOW VLAN ==================================================================== Name |VTag| Tagged ports | Untagged ports --------------------+----+---------------------+-------------------default |1 | | gb |101 |1/1/1,1/1/2,1/1/19, |1/1/5-1/1/18 | |1/1/20 | SWU-3#SH VLAN ==================================================================== Name |VTag| Tagged ports | Untagged ports --------------------+----+---------------------+-------------------default |1 | | gb |101 |1/1/1,1/1/2,1/1/19, |1/1/5-1/1/18 |1/1/20
Port configuration shall be equal with cabling
Customer Confidential 67 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 4-3 MSTP port roles in ESB-2 and ESB-3 Identify Gb VLAN instance and analyze the port roles. e.g. Gb VLAN 101.SWU-2#show MSTP MST02 VLAN mapped = 101,121,131,600,621,631,800,821,831,1200,1221,1231,1300,1321,1331 Priority = 32768 Regional Root = 24578.00:1A:2F:8C:95:80 RemainingHopCount = 3 TopChanges = 1 ============================================================================ Port |Pri|Port role |State|PCost |DCost |Designated bridge |DPrt --------+---+----------+-----+---------+---------+------------------+------01/01/01 128 Root frwrd 200000 210000 28672.001A2F701580 128.004 01/01/05 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.005 01/01/06 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.006 01/01/07 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.007 01/01/08 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.008 01/01/09 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.009 01/01/10 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.010 01/01/11 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.011 01/01/12 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.012 01/01/13 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.013 01/01/14 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.014 01/01/15 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.015 01/01/16 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.016 01/01/17 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.017 01/01/18 128 Designated frwrd 200000 210000 32768.00A0120B2A1A 128.018 AG03 128 Alternate block 100000 0 32768.00A0120B1818 128.023Customer Confidential 68 Nokia Siemens Networks
ROOT in Site Router
Edge ports to PCUs
Redundance LOOP blocked
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 4-4 Results Port roles shall be following in ESB2 and ESB-3 downlink == designated forwarding uplink == root forwarding redundance == alternative blockedIP backboneSite Switch-1 uplinkMSTP instance Gb ROOT Primary
PAPU
Conclusion Checked and OK if the port roles are according above Checked and may be OK if redundance link is ROOT. The reasonshall be checked (is link open to Site Switch via other ESB or not?).
redundance link
Checked and NOT OK if ESB sees itself a ROOT if Site Switch is not the ROOTdownlink
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCUMSTP opens port for IP pathCustomer Confidential 69 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 70 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 5-1 MSTP instance for Gb fails If the port roles and states are not correct,it means that there is a problem with the spanning tree configuration (see step 4). Possible causes uncompliant spanning trees used in SiteSwitch(s) and ESB(s) e.g. PVST(+) MSTP configuration is not identical (name, revision, instance, vlan, mapping). Thus, ESB isolates itself and becomes a root.Site Switch-1
PAPU
IP backbone
Site Switch-2
Check that MSTP is used in Site SwitchesMSTP usage in Site Switches isessential for L2 interoperabilitySWU-2 SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 71 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 5-2 MSTP instances Give the show mstp configuration command.S6_app_plat_C0#SHow SPanning-tree MSt CONfiguration Name [BSC_Plat] Revision 1 Instances configured 3 Instance -------0 Vlans mapped --------------------------------------------------------------------Site 1-100,102-109,111-119,122-129,132-599,601-609,611-619,622-629 632-799,801-809,811-819,822-829,832-1199,1201-1209,1211-1219 Switch-1 1222-1229,1232-1299,1301-1309,1311-1319,1322-1329,1332-4094 1 110,120,130,610,620,630,810,820,830,1210,1220,1230,1310,1320 1330 2 101,121,131,600,621,631,800,821,831,1200,1221,1231,1300,1321 1331 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------SWU-2#show mstp configuration Name [BSC_Plat] Revision 1 Instance Vlans mapped --------- --------------------------------------------------------------------0 1-100,102-109,111-119,122-129,132-599,601-609,611-619,622-629,632-799, 801-809,811-819,822-829,832-1199,1201-1209,1211-1219,1222-1229,1232-1299, SWU-2 1301-1309,1311-1319,1322-1329,1332-4094 1 110,120,130,610,620,630,810,820,830,1210,1220,1230,1310,1320,1330 2 101,121,131,600,621,631,800,821,831,1200,1221,1231,1300,1321,1331 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Site Switch-2
SWU-3
Customer Confidential 72 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 5-3 MSTP/Gb instance ROOT In the L2 site, MSTP instance ROOT is the Switchwhich priority is highest (== smallest value) Instance ROOT Site Switch 2 == ROOT primary (24576) Instance backup Site Switch 1 == ROOT secondary (28676) Instance never ROOT ESB(s) == esb default (32768)
MSTP instance Gb Secondary
MSTP instance Gb ROOT Primary
SWU-2MSTP instance Gb
SWU-3MSTP instance Gb ESB default
ESBdefault
Customer Confidential 73 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 5-4 Results Conclusion Gb instance shall work when MSTP settings are equal in the eachregion Switch and Site swith-2 has the ROOT priority.
Customer Confidential 74 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 75 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-1 VLAN configuration Check VLAN configuration in ESB-2 andESB-3, and Site Switches. Problem may be wrong VLAN id, unconfigured port or wrong tagging modeSite Switch-1
PAPU
IP backbone
Site Switch-2
??SWU-2
?? ?PCU SWU-3
Customer Confidential 76 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-2 Tagged and untagged ports in Gb VLAN Check that the port you are investigating belongs to the Gb VLAN.SWU-2#SHOW VLAN ==================================================================== Name |VTag| Tagged ports | Untagged ports --------------------+----+---------------------+-------------------default |1 | | gb |101 |1/1/1,1/1/2,1/1/19, |1/1/5-1/1/18 | |1/1/20 | SWU-3#show VLAN ==================================================================== Name |VTag| Tagged ports | Untagged ports --------------------+----+---------------------+-------------------default |1 | | gb |101 |1/1/1,1/1/2,1/1/19, |1/1/5-1/1/18 |1/1/20
Downlink ports (mstp-edge)
Uplink and redundance portsCustomer Confidential 77 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-3 Default VLAN Check default VLAN setting for PCU portsSWU-2#SHOW interface ============================================================================== |Port |Name |Type |State |Link|DuplSpeed|Flow |Backpres|Default Vlan +-----+--------+--------+-------+----+---------+-------+--------+------------1/1/1 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001 1/1/2 100TX enable down unknown disable disable 0001 1/1/3 swu0-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0111 1/1/4 100TX enable down unknown disable disable 0001 1/1/5 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/6 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/7 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/8 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/9 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/10 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/11 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/12 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/13 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/14 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/15 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/16 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/17 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/18 gb 100TX enable up half-100 disable disable 0101 1/1/19 swu2-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001 1/1/20 swu2-sw~ 100TX enable up full-100 disable disable 0001
Customer Confidential 78 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-4 Results Gb VLAN configuration shall be followingin ESB-2 and ESB-3. - DOWNLINK- default VLAN - tagged ports - untagged ports -UPLINK - default VLAN - tagged ports - untagged ports -REDUNDANCE LINK - default VLAN - tagged ports - untagged ports== Gb VLAN (e.g. 101) == not used == all PCU ports == not used == GB VLAN == not used == not used == GB VLAN == not usedIP backbone PAPU
Site Switch-1
Site Switch-2
GB VLAN Tagged
GB VLAN Tagged
SWU-2GB VLAN GB VLAN default Untagged
GB VLAN Tagged
SWU-3GB VLAN GB VLAN default
Untagged
PCU
Customer Confidential 79 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-5 Gb VLAN in Site Switches Check VLAN configuration in the Site SwitchesCISCO#SHOW RUNNING-CONFIG interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4 description swu3_BSC1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 101,111 switchport mode trunk switchport nonegotiate duplex full speed 100 spanning-tree link-type point-to-point interface Vlan101 description gb ip address 10.16.137.131 255.255.255.192 no ip proxy-arp standby 1 ip 10.16.137.129 standby 1 timers msec 500 2 standby 1 priority 200 standby 1 preempt delay minimum 60
Customer Confidential 80 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 6-6 Results Gb VLAN configuration shall be followingin Site Switches. Interface port- allowed trunk== Gb VLAN == Gateway addressSite Switch-1
PAPU
IP backbone
Interface VLAN(Gb) standbySite Switch-2
GB VLAN Tagged
GB VLAN Tagged
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCU
Customer Confidential 81 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Gb over IP troubleshooting Instruction steps for Interface down problemProblem description
Step (1) Local host connectivityStep (2) Remote host and gateway connectivity Step (3) ESB port states Step (4) MSTP port roles Step (5) MSTP failure
Step (6) VLANStep (7) Testing
Customer Confidential 82 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 7-1 Gateway address is ready for testing Send ping to gateway IP address the address is active in the same siteswitch where is MSTP root.IP backboneS6_app_plat_C1#SHow STANdby VLAN 101 Vlan101 - Group 1 Site State is Active Switch-1 2 state changes, last state change 5w6d Virtual IP address is 10.16.137.129 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default) Hello time 500 msec, hold time 2 sec Next hello sent in 0.374 secs Preemption enabled, delay min 60 secs SWU-2 Active router is local Standby router is 10.16.137.130, priority 100 (expires in 1.605 sec) Priority 200 (configured 200) IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Vl101-1" (default)IP packet
PAPU
MSTP instance Gb HSRP active ROOT
Primary
SWU-3
PCUPING
Customer Confidential 83 Nokia Siemens Networks
IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Instructions, step 7-2 Remote address is ready for testing Send ping to remote IP addressPAPU
Note: IP route configuration in site switch (static,ospf , rip etc) -> next hop ip address is neededIP backboneMSTP S6_app_plat_C1#SHOW IP ROute OSpf 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 101 subnets, 6 masks O 10.16.154.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52
Site Switch-1
instance Gb
HSRPIP route
ROOT
Primary
OO O O O
10.16.155.128/26[110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52 10.16.152.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52 10.16.153.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.250, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52 10.16.148.128/28 [110/3] via 10.16.176.253, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52 10.16.142.128/26 [110/3] via 10.16.176.244, 2w4d, GigabitEthernet1/0/52
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCUIP packet PINGCustomer Confidential 84 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting Interface down Capacity throughput problem What next?
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Capacity throughput problem SymptomsA problem with IP transport may be seen as a bad throughput in the end user perspective or dropping of CS call. BSC application alarms may not be raised. Supervision may recognize temporarily problems in IP transport. Remote host (IP address) is reachable and NSEI is WO-EX.
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Capacity throughput problem Possible causesPAPU
There are several possible causes: IP path configuration not symmetric in backbone Duplex mode configuration mismatch Spanning tree topology changes in BSC or SGSN site e.g. broken cable
IP backbone
Site Switch-1
Site Switch-2
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCU
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Un-symmetric IP routing problem may cause CS call dropping Configuration mistakes may reveal in Site Switch switchover IP routing table (in backbone) includes only one path from backbone to BSC. All subnets (BSC) are available only via one Site Switch. Active HSRP and OSPF subnet may not locate in the same Site Switch Default timers and preempt values in HSRPSite Switch-1
IP packet
IFETH0Site Switch(s)
SGSN 0/1
BSCIP packet
IP backbone
IFETH1HSRP active
Site Switch-2Customer Confidential 88 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Some IP packets lost between PCU and ESB Duplex mode configuration mismatch Choros PCU half duplex ESB full-duplexSWU-2
SWU-3
NSEI in WO-EX and CS call is successful No alarms No logs Count of Total RX Errors & FCS error will raise The mismatch causes packet lost when inhigher capacity
PCU
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Temporarily backbone access is missing
Spanning tree topology changes in BSCor SGSN site e.g. SW or HW failureSWU-2#SH MSTP Multiple spanning trees ProtocolSpecification Priority TimeSinceTopologyChange TopChanges CIST Root CIST Port CIST External Path Cost MaxAge HelloTime ForwardDelay BridgeMaxAge BridgeHelloTime BridgeForwardDelay ProtoMigratioDelay MaxHopCount TxHoldCount = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = enabled ieee8021s 32768 0 (Sec) 3 24576.00:1A:2F:70:15:80 01/01/01 0 20 (Sec) 2 (Sec) 15 (Sec) 8 (Sec) 2 (Sec) 15 (Sec) 3 (Sec) 5 3 Site Switch-1 Site Switch-2
ROOT? SWU-2 SWU-3
PCU
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ContentBSC IP introduction Redundancy models VLAN Spanning tree L2 and L3 technologies Gb over IP troubleshooting Example of customer problems Interface down Capacity throughput problem What next?
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BSC Problem ReportingWhen you suspect problem with IP transport, do as follows to collect all information required to solve problem.Printout of each site switch data. Open Telnet session or local CLI connection (serial cable) to the site router and give the following commands.
PAPU
show versionshow running-config show interfaces show vlan show spanning-tree mst (or other used spanning-tree) Printout of each SWU data. Open Telnet session (ZW6T:SWU,:) or local CLI connection (serial cable) to the SWU and give the following commands. show version show running-config show interface show vlan show mstp (or other used spanning-tree)
Site Switch-1
IP backboneSite Switch-2
SWU-2
SWU-3
PCUPrintout of alarm history ZAHO; Printout of network interface data (IP address) ZQRI; Printout of active internet connections ZQRS:,:,; Printout of route data (gateway IP address) ZQKB; ZQKO;Customer Confidential 92 Nokia Siemens Networks IP training 2007/Timo Eloranta
Printout of host reachability testZQRX:,:,< index>:IP=:; ZQRX:,:,< index>:IP=:; Printout of LAN switch supervision ZYFF; Printout of LAN switch status ZUSI:SWU; ZUSI:CNW;
Ethereal / Port monitoring
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References BSC/TCSM, Rel. S12, Product Documentation in NED library BSC Site IP Connectivity Guidelines (DN03502792) Integrated LAN Administration (DN0423824) NOLS ESB20-A 10/100 Mbit Ethernet Switch User Guide (DN03403532) ESB26 GigabitEthernet Switch User Guide (DN04130328) Intranet B12 training material on IP connectivityhttp://www6.connecting.nokia.com/net/dx200web.nsf/document/ES396CJCXL?OpenDocument
TCP/IP Platform Guidehttp://pi.nokia.com/urn.htm?id=09006c37809db34d&docb=espoo11&auth=T&version=current&document_id=13-399937
Internet RFC repository maintained by the IETF Secretariathttp://www.ietf.org/rfc
IEEE Standardshttp://www.ieee.org
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Thank You.
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