Human Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
Jeopardy
Atoms Reactions
Chemical
Constituents
Nucleic Acids and
Proteins
Carbs and
Lipids
Vocab 1
Vocab2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Atoms
The center of an atom that contains vital
materialWhat is the nucleus?
The smallest particle of an
atom that determines the
reactivity What is an electron?
The term that refers to the number of
protons found in an atom
What is atomic number?
Relatively large particles that can
leave or join an atom without changing the
elementWhat is a neutron?
This number changes, so the
average is found to represent each atom on a periodic tableWhat is atomic mass or
atomic weight?
Reactions
A reaction that builds material
from small compounds
What is a synthesis reaction?
A reaction that is a continuous cycle
of building and breaking down
materialWhat is a reversible
reaction?
Compounds recombine with
different elements
What is an exchange reaction?
Determines the number of each type of element
needed when combining atoms
What is valence?
Represent the energy levels of elements
What are electron shells?
Identifying Chemical Constituents
An amino acid is an example
of this chemical
constituentWhat is a protein?
A phospholipid is this type of
nutrient
What is a lipid?
An example of this basic
nutrient group is a
polysaccharideWhat is a carbohydrate?
RNA is this type of cellular
compound
What is nucleic acid?
An enzyme is this type of
chemical component
What is a protein?
Nucleic acids and proteins
Contains ribose
What is RNA?
An identifying marker of a cell
What is an antigen or receptor?
This is unique to DNA
What is thymine?
A protein that digests DNA or other proteins
What is an enzyme?
The terms for the four letters of the genetic
code (DNA)What are Adenine, Cytosine,
Guanine and Thymine?
Carbohydrates and Lipids
The term for a simple sugar
What is a monosaccharide?
The phosphate portion of a phospholipidWhat is the hydrophilic
head?
When the carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain are bound to
the maximum number of hydrogens
What is a saturated fat?
Always contain carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen
What is a carbohydrate?
This compound makes up the
plasma membrane of a
cellWhat is a phospholipid?
Vocabulary set one
Any compound that contains both carbon
and hydrogenWhat is organic?
Has a pH of 7.0 to 14.0
What is a base?
Released by acids,
especially when mixed
with water or a base
What is a H+ ion?
A term for material that is
insoluble in water
What is hydrophobic?
A connection formed by
sharing electrons
What is a covalent bond?
Vocabulary set two
Something that will be
dissolved
What is a solute?
Atoms that gain or lose electrons in
order to become chargedWhat are ions?
Elements that are so reactive,
they are RARELY found
aloneWhat are diatomic
molecules?
Without being used, these chemicals
affect the rates of reactions
What are catalysts?
A form of an element that
often is used to identify cancer
What is an isotope?
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