Human Anatomy & Physiology

Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life

Jeopardy

Atoms Reactions

Chemical

Constituents

Nucleic Acids and

Proteins

Carbs and

Lipids

Vocab 1

Vocab2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Atoms

The center of an atom that contains vital

materialWhat is the nucleus?

The smallest particle of an

atom that determines the

reactivity What is an electron?

The term that refers to the number of

protons found in an atom

What is atomic number?

Relatively large particles that can

leave or join an atom without changing the

elementWhat is a neutron?

This number changes, so the

average is found to represent each atom on a periodic tableWhat is atomic mass or

atomic weight?

Reactions

A reaction that builds material

from small compounds

What is a synthesis reaction?

A reaction that is a continuous cycle

of building and breaking down

materialWhat is a reversible

reaction?

Compounds recombine with

different elements

What is an exchange reaction?

Determines the number of each type of element

needed when combining atoms

What is valence?

Represent the energy levels of elements

What are electron shells?

Identifying Chemical Constituents

An amino acid is an example

of this chemical

constituentWhat is a protein?

A phospholipid is this type of

nutrient

What is a lipid?

An example of this basic

nutrient group is a

polysaccharideWhat is a carbohydrate?

RNA is this type of cellular

compound

What is nucleic acid?

An enzyme is this type of

chemical component

What is a protein?

Nucleic acids and proteins

Contains ribose

What is RNA?

An identifying marker of a cell

What is an antigen or receptor?

This is unique to DNA

What is thymine?

A protein that digests DNA or other proteins

What is an enzyme?

The terms for the four letters of the genetic

code (DNA)What are Adenine, Cytosine,

Guanine and Thymine?

Carbohydrates and Lipids

The term for a simple sugar

What is a monosaccharide?

The phosphate portion of a phospholipidWhat is the hydrophilic

head?

When the carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain are bound to

the maximum number of hydrogens

What is a saturated fat?

Always contain carbon,

hydrogen and oxygen

What is a carbohydrate?

This compound makes up the

plasma membrane of a

cellWhat is a phospholipid?

Vocabulary set one

Any compound that contains both carbon

and hydrogenWhat is organic?

Has a pH of 7.0 to 14.0

What is a base?

Released by acids,

especially when mixed

with water or a base

What is a H+ ion?

A term for material that is

insoluble in water

What is hydrophobic?

A connection formed by

sharing electrons

What is a covalent bond?

Vocabulary set two

Something that will be

dissolved

What is a solute?

Atoms that gain or lose electrons in

order to become chargedWhat are ions?

Elements that are so reactive,

they are RARELY found

aloneWhat are diatomic

molecules?

Without being used, these chemicals

affect the rates of reactions

What are catalysts?

A form of an element that

often is used to identify cancer

What is an isotope?