HSDPA Towards 4G
Team IAMA
HSDPA Simulator
Radio Capability Evolution
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
WCDMA
HSDPAHSUPA
LTESpeed
Time
9.6 Kbps 9 -170 Kbps
250 Kbps 384 Kbps
100/50 Mbps14.4 Mbps
5.7 Mbps
1998 2001 2003 2004 2006
Project Objective
Testing How the Data rateImprovement was achieved
Team IAMA
• Ibrahim Gamal • Ahmed Mabrouk• Maysara Salah
Supervisor:
Dr. Adly Tag-Elden
AgendaAgenda
• Introduction• UMTS vs. HSDPA• Simulator• Hardware
IntroductionIntroduction
• HSDPA ?HSDPA ?• Expected 4G ?Expected 4G ?• UMTS/HSDPA DeploymentUMTS/HSDPA Deployment• Project descriptionProject description
HSDPA ?HSDPA ?
• HSDPA was standardized as a part of 3GPP HSDPA was standardized as a part of 3GPP Release 5 with the first specification version in Release 5 with the first specification version in March 2002.March 2002.
• HSDPA enhancement for WCDMA/UMTS.HSDPA enhancement for WCDMA/UMTS.• HSDPA has been designed to increase downlink HSDPA has been designed to increase downlink
Packet data Packet data throughputthroughput..• Peak theoretical speeds of 14 Mbps.Peak theoretical speeds of 14 Mbps.• It is called 3.5G.It is called 3.5G.
Expected 4G
4G
Low Cost
Fully IP-based
100 Mbps to 1 Gbps
QoS
High Security
UMTS/HSDPA Deployment
• 117 Million 3G Customers use UMTS/HSDPA with 168 operators in 71 countries.
• Just 117 of whom have enhanced service with HSDPA.
30%
70%
WCDMA only
HSDPA
Project Description
AgendaAgenda
• Introduction• UMTS vs. HSDPA• Simulator• Hardware
UMTS vs. HSDPA
• System Architecture• System Layers• What’s new ?• HSDPA Channels• Convolutional Code vs. Turbo Coding• Hybrid Automatic Repeated Request (HARQ)• HSDPA Data Rates
System Architecture
Terminal
(UE) Node B
BTS
RNC
Radio Network Controller
PHY layer
MAC-hs
System Layers
Terminal
RLCMAC
PHY layer
FRAMEPROTOCOL
TRANSPORT
Uu
Node B
RLCMAC-d
FRAME PROTOCOL
TRANSPORT
Iub
RNC
HSDPA Channels
HS-SCCHHS-DSCHHS-DPCCH
DCH (DPCCH/DPDCH)
Node B Terminal
DCH vs. HS-DSCH
Rel 99 DCH HSDPA HS-DSCH
Fast Power Control Link Adaptation
QPSK Modulation, Convolutional Coding
QPSK/16QAM Modulation, Turbo Coding
RNC retransmissionPhysical Layer Retransmission
RNC Scheduling Node B Fast Scheduling
HSDPA
Link Adaptation
Fast Scheduling
Physical Layer Retransmission
What’s new ?
HSDPA Link Adaptation
Channel Quality Information (CQI) transmitted on HS-DPCCH
HS-DSCH link adaptation
Node B
Terminal
Link Adaptation
• The modulation and coding rate Changes every 2ms, Based on– CQI– Mobile Category– Scheduler
• Modulation:– QPSK– 16QAM
• Coding Rate: ¼, ½, ¾
Turbo Coding
• Parallel Concatenated Convolutional Code (PCCC)• Coding Rate r = 1/3
“Upper”RSC
Encoder
“Lower”RSC
EncoderInterleaver
Systematic Output
Xk
UninterleavedParity
Zk
InterleavedParity
Z’k
InputXk
InterleavedInputX’k
Output
Why Turbo Code ?
• Extraordinary performance at low SNR• Improvement for larger block sizes.
• So,
Suitable for delivery of multimedia
services
Mariner1969
Turbo Code1993
Galileo:BVD1992Galileo:LGA
1996
Pioneer1968-72
Voyager1977
ConvolutionalCodes 1976
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10-1-2
0.5
1.0
Eb/No in dB
BPSK Capacity Bound
Cod
e R
ate
r
Sha
nnon
Cap
acity
Bou
nd
UncodedBPSK
IS-951991
Iridium1998
510bP
Spe
ctra
l Eff
icie
ncy
arbitrarily lowBER:
Hybrid Automatic Repeated Request
• HARQ Rate Matching
HARQ = Forward Error Correction
Automatic RepeatedRequest+
Terminal Capabilities
Category ModulationMaximum Data rate
1 QPSK, 16QAM 1.2
2 QPSK, 16QAM 1.2
3 QPSK, 16QAM 1.8
4 QPSK, 16QAM 1.8
5 QPSK, 16QAM 3.6
6 QPSK, 16QAM 3.6
Category ModulationMaximum Data rate
7 QPSK, 16QAM 7.2
8 QPSK, 16QAM 7.2
9 QPSK, 16QAM 10.2
10 QPSK, 16QAM 14.4
11 QPSK only 0.9
12 QPSK only 1.8
AgendaAgenda
• Introduction• UMTS vs. HSDPA• Simulator• Hardware
Simulator
• A brief Description• What are H-Sets?• GUI Parameters• Software Construction• Results
A brief Description
• The simulator represent the physical layer of HSDPA.
• It consist of a TX and RX of a single HSDPA link from node B to UE (i.e. downlink).
• It built to simulate the operation in condition determined by H-sets.
• It calculate the throughput for different H-Set parameters.
What are H-Sets?
• H-sets from 1 to 6 are called fixed reference channel (FRC) are specify by 3GPP.
• They are used as a measurement to the minimum performance of UEs.
• We add H-Set 0 to simulator to enable the user to set his own parameters.
GUI Parameters
Software Construction
Generate Random Data
Scrambling
Turbo Encode
HARQ Match
Modulate Channel
Noise &/or Fading
deModulate
Interleaver deInterleaver
HARQ deMatch
Turbo Decode
unScrambling
Calculate throughput
From Table 9.3
Results
AgendaAgenda
• Introduction• UMTS vs. HSDPA• Simulator• Hardware
Hardware
• Objective• Development cycle• Turbo Encoder RTL• Interface • FPGA Kit
Increase the simulation speed
Gives a look at the practical problems
Objective
1-
2-
Development Cycle
C/ C++(turbo coding)
C to VHDLconversion
ISE synthesize
Verification
MATLAB Modelsim
I nterface
Turbo Encoder RTL
Interface
• USB• Serial• Ethernet• Embedded system
FPGA Kit
Embedded System
Serial Application
MicroBlazeTM
Processor
DXCL IXCL
MCH OPB DRR
MCH0MCH1
OPB
OPBINTC
OPBUART Lite
Any Question?
Thank You
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