Geoinformation Technology for Project
Planning Toward Sustainable Development
Ibrahim KomooDeputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Geoinfo Techonology in Project Planning
Current applications in earth science and environmentalprojects need integration of:
inter-disciplinary dataset
multiple layers of information
spatially base in nature or map
wide range of scale and accuracy
Capability of spatial analysis is vital in providing technicalbackbone, decision making and dissemination in one platform
Sustainable Development
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology can helpestablish cross-sectoral communication
By providing very powerful tools for storage and analysisof multisectoral spatial and statistical data
Integrating geo-relational databases of different sectors
Package the information and result in a manner that easyfor users (information receivers) to understand, use andvisualise
GIS technology is well suited for integrated approach toplanning and management of sustainable development
GIS Applications in SD Project Planning
Geoinformation for information management:
Geological Heritage of Malaysia; and
Geohazard Mapping of the Klang Valley
Geoinformation for land planning:
Site investigation for land planning development; and
Guidelines for development in EnvironmentallySensitive Areas for highlands and mountains forSelangor
Geoinformation for integrated research:
Kundasang Landslide Complex: Hazard Assessment andControl; and
Langat Basin Ecosystem Health
Geological Heritage of Malaysia
Geological Heritage of Malaysia for Conservation and Sustainable Use
Geo-relational data of sites with geological significant inconservation geology to inventorise geological heritagessite and their descriptions
Geological diversity of Malaysia:unique minerals, rocks and structuresfossilsmagnificent geological-crafted landscapes
Geological Heritage of Malaysia
A national database for Malaysian geological heritage was set up to inventorise geosites:
recorded
characterised
valued
ranked
… accordingly to its importance in Earth’s history and aesthetic value
Geological Heritage of Malaysia
The information was stored in Microsoft Access to enable access, sorting and classification
Database was enhanced by the use of GIS
ESRI ArcView was used to display the location of each geosite
Langkawi Geosites
GIS maps (hotlink) to databasewith detailed information ofindividual geosites in the formof text, figure or picture
Having GIS to host the Malaysiangeological heritage easesconservation and land useplanning considerably
Geosites can be overlaid withexisting land use and planningmaps to formulate futureconservation strategies
Geological Heritage of Malaysia
User oriented information and result dissemination:
Web GIS Application or Mashup, distribute interactive geographical information on web
I.e: Geological Heritage Site in Google Earth for tourist to access
Geological Heritage of Malaysia
Geological Heritage Sites of Langkawi
in Google Earth
Geohazard Mapping of the Klang Valley
Intensive hazards (flood) and pervasive hazards (landslide, riverbank erosion and subsidence) are some aspects to be considered in physical planning
Mapping of the incidences of these geohazards and analysis of their characteristic, distribution, potential and risk
Geohazard Mapping of the Klang Valley
In mapping and assessment of geohazards, numerous data, consideration and models was used to ultimately derive multi-hazard and risk maps for regional planning
Integrated geoscience information is provided in the form of GIS layers for preparation of planning tools
Using the capability of the GIS interface for • terrain analysis, • geomorphologic data; and • geologic data
to provide scientific tools for geohazard management
Geohazard Mapping of the Klang Valley
Four groups of information are used to develop the geohazard database:
• basic geohazard inventory (flood, slope failure, riverbank erosion & subsidence)
• terrain analysis maps (topography, slope, drainage & geology)
• geohazard potential
• geohazard risk maps
ArcView: Geohazard Database Interface
Distribution - Type
Landslide Flood
Subsidence Riverbank erosion
Geohazard Inventory MapBackground: Hillshaded DEM
Geohazard Mapping of the Klang Valley
The output was an assessment of the susceptibilityof physical environment in the form of:
• multi-hazard analysis• GIS modelling geohazard potential/risk
for regional planning in the Klang Valley
Landslide Density Map
GeohazardPotential Maps
Landslide
Flood
Geological Terrain Map
Geohazard Risk Maps
Landslide Flood
Landslide Risk Area
Visual of Landslide Risk (red, pink to grey)(Ampang Jaya-Hulu Langat area)
Draped LANDSAT image on DEM
Land Planning
Site assessment for land development Datai, Langkawi
Slope stability and landusesuitability assessment
Geology and Structure
Topography
Geomorphology
Hydrology
Suitability assessment
Slope
Geology - Rocks
Geological Structure -Discontinuities
Geomorphology - Slope morphology
Hydrology – Surface water flow
Land Planning
Site assessment for land development Datai, Langkawi
Land Planning
Guidelines for development in Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESA) for highlands and mountains for Selangor
Digital terrain analysis for determining environmentally sensitive areas that were physically attributed for conservation of highland areas in state and local authorities
Land Planning
Guidelines for development in Environmentally Sensitive Areas for highlands and mountains for Selangor
Main ESA function categories:Heritage Hazard RiskLife Support
ESA elements:Topographic RoughnessElevationSlopeGeohazardsBiodiversityCultural and Achitecture HeritageGeological HeritageClean WaterForest etc.
Land Planning
Guidelines for development in Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESA) for highlands and mountains for Selangor
Criteria and sensitivity analysis of multiple ESA elements for determination of highland and mountain ESA
To provide guidelines for planning, development approval, and monitoring within ESA to ensure a balanced resource conservation and development
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Integrated Hazard Research
Kundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
A large-scale active landslide area
The project consists of 3 sub-studies:• engineering geology • socio-economic impact • governance
Detailed field observation on geodynamic features (1999 – 2003)
Landslide Area (m sq.)System
K1 1050 x 600K2 1100 x 350K3 1100 x 500K4 700 x 900K5 700 x 350K6 915 x 300
Large Scale Active Landslides: The Distribution
Six large-scale active landslides, approximately one square kilometre each, have been identified.
These landslides are collectively called the ‘Kundasang Landslide Complex’.
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
GIS acts as a system to include:• digital elevation data• geological and structural geology mapping• landslide features and surface deformation• subsurface data• slope and groundwater monitoring data
GIS is also used for:• Hazard• Vulnerability• Risk Map• 3D Visulalisation
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
SPOT 3m (pan-sharpened) imaging of Kundasang area
• Landuse • Base map• Basic geological features
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
SPOT Imagery
Fused with Aerial Photograph
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
Fused Imagery: Detailing Map
SPOT-5 Fused
•Enhanced edge•Trail road•Landuse
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) • GIS model• Watershed delineation• Slope• Geomorphology/ terrain analysis
Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
• Watershed delineation from DEM• Assist landslide system delineation
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
• Density analysis of scarps and cracks per unit area
Hazard Map
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
Landuse Elements for vulnerability assessment
• Forest• Shrub (abandoned agri. plot)• Cleared land• Infrastrutures
• Probability of being impacted
Risk Map
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
3D virtual reality view of Landslide (K1) in Kundasang
Draped Aerial Photograph on DEM
Integrated Hazard ResearchKundasang Landslide Complex:Hazard Assessment and Control
Integrated Basin-wide ResearchLangat Basin Ecosystem Health
To understand the status, trends and driving forcesaffecting ecosystem health in the Langat Basin:
• economics• sociology• biology• environmental chemistry• geology• human health• governance
into consideration ecology, environment, hazards,economic and social well-being was an example ofthe inter-disciplinary research that require ageoinfo system to host multi-facet dataset inecosystem health studies.
Major findings area:
• integration of primary and secondary data
• status, trends and driving forces
• databases and inventories of resources, state of pollution, habitat quality, human population dynamics, industry and quality of life
• sectoral ecosystem health indicators
• ecosystem scenario tool
Integrated Basin-wide ResearchLangat Basin Ecosystem Health
Land Use 1974
Land Use 2001
The Quite Useful Ecosystem Scenario Tools (QUEST) has been jointlydeveloped between LESTARI and British Columbia University, Canada.
QUEST has been developed to cater for:
Capacity Building
Maximizing Use of Data
Facilitating Integrated and Strategic Thinking
Promoting Transparency
Accountability, and Participation
Information Dissemination and Education
Strengthening Inter-institutional Relationships
Integrated Basin-wide ResearchLangat Basin Ecosystem Health
Langat Basin QUEST
GIS contributions can be seen from four aspects:
To develop a comprehensive and systematic database forplanning and development analysis
To determine development impacts and managementimplications
To determine trends and development impacts towardsecosystem health
To propose a holistic strategic planning tool for ecosystemmanagement
Integrated Basin-wide ResearchLangat Basin Ecosystem Health
Concluding Remarks
Geoinfo Technology particularly Earth Science related informationhas been extensively used for Project Planning
More systematic and structured model/program is needed for theapplications in the integrated and holistic manner
Important tools for the future project planning toward SustainableDevelopment
Thank you
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