Fungal Infections, Pathogenesis
and Treatment
Fungal infections
400 out of 75,000
Primary infections
Opportunistic infections
Myco-toxins
Allergy
Mycoses
Superficial and cutaneous
Subcutaneous
Deep (systemic)
Examples of yeast of medical importance
Candida species
Cryptococcus neoformans
Malassezia species
Examples of moulds of medical
importance
Dermatophytes
Aspergillus species
Zygomycetes
Superficial and CutaneousMycoses
Skin, hair, nail and mucus membranes
Most common
World-wide
Ringworm infections du to Dermatophytes
Yeast infections due to Candida
pityriasis versicolor
Direct examination
pityriasis versicolor
Skin scrapings
Tinea nigra
Intertrigo caused by Canddia albicans
Dermatophytosis caused by M. canisfollowing contact with infectious cat
Dermatophytosis
Dermatophytosis direct skin examination
Fungal nail infection
Subcutaneous Mycoses
Skin, subcutaneous tissues, fascia
and bone
Localized
Trauma
More in tropics
Mycetoma, chromomycosis and
sporotrichosis
SporotrichosisA 60-year-old woman developed multiple subcutaneous
nodules and abscesses on her right hand and forearm 7 days after finger thorn prick
ClassicalChromoblastomycosis:Fonsecaea pedrosoi
De Hoog, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures
Nodulose chromoblastomycosis(Senegal): Fonsecaea pedrosoi
De Hoog, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures
Systemic Mycoses
Deep-seated
Inhalation
Primary (restricted)
Opportunistic (world-wide)
Opportunistic fungal infections
Aspergillosis Pulmonary Disseminated Para nasal sinusitis
Candidiasis Pulmonary Candidemia
Cryptococcus meningitis
Polyene antifungal agents
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
Azoles antifungal agents
Clotrimazole
Econazole
Ketoconazole
Miconazole
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Posaconazole
Voriconazole
Other antifungal agents
Echinocandins Anidulafungin Caspofungin Micafungin
Terbinafine
5-fluorocytosine