Europe and Japan in Ruins
16.5
Europe
• 40 million dead– Russia 20,000,000– Germany 6,000,000
• Cities destroyed• London, Warsaw, Berlin destroyed• Displaced persons• Famine, disease
Postwar Governments and Politics
• Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway rebuilt government fast
• Communist party appealed to many– France, Italy, Greece, Turkey– Violent communist strikes– Italy and France voted against Communists
Postwar Japan
• General MacArthur• Occupied Japan • Demilitarization• War crime trials: Tojo• Economy– Increase land ownership, labor unions
• Democratization– Constitutional monarchy
Occupation Brings Deep Changes
• Emperor became a symbol• Republic: people voted, Diet, Prime Minister,
bill of rights• US leaves in 1951• US military bases still in Japan• Allies with the US• Russia and United States become world’s
super powers
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