Europe and Japan in Ruins

16.5

Europe

• 40 million dead– Russia 20,000,000– Germany 6,000,000

• Cities destroyed• London, Warsaw, Berlin destroyed• Displaced persons• Famine, disease

Postwar Governments and Politics

• Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway rebuilt government fast

• Communist party appealed to many– France, Italy, Greece, Turkey– Violent communist strikes– Italy and France voted against Communists

Postwar Japan

• General MacArthur• Occupied Japan • Demilitarization• War crime trials: Tojo• Economy– Increase land ownership, labor unions

• Democratization– Constitutional monarchy

Occupation Brings Deep Changes

• Emperor became a symbol• Republic: people voted, Diet, Prime Minister,

bill of rights• US leaves in 1951• US military bases still in Japan• Allies with the US• Russia and United States become world’s

super powers