DNA ProfilingBy: Larah, Hana, Luis, Sajid
&Elianna
DNADNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.It is a hereditary material found
in humans and almost all other
organisms. It is unique to every person
except identical twinsIt is passed down from
generation to generation, from parents to children, changing
slightly as its passed down.
DNA Profiling DNA profiling is a technique in which a
sample of DNA is tested in a laboratory to
generate information about it. Scientists look specifically for DNA which
can link and identity the source of the sample. It can also be used to compare two samples. DNA profiling can also help police, federal
agents and government officials locate and
identify its origin and whom it belonged to. It also helps people connect with long lost
relatives or family members.
Uses of DNA Profiling Paternity- to find out the biological father of a child. Twins - identical twins share the same genetic material,
while fraternal don to. DNA profiling can identify whether the twins are identical or fraternal.
Siblings - adopted people may want to have DNA tests to make sure that their biological siblings are actually their blood brothers or sisters.
Immigration - some visa applications depend on whether the certain person is related to another. DNA profiling can be used to test whether the two people are related or not.
Criminal justice - DNA testing can help solve crimes by comparing the DNA profiles of suspects to offender samples.
Identification- DNA profiling can be used to identify people that are injured in high risk jobs.
DNA tests can be conducted using samples that would be too small
for other testsThe DNA is in good condition
even after the testsMany cases have been solved due
to the use of matching DNA
from crime scenes
Advantages Of
DNA Profiling
Disadvantages Of
DNA ProfilingLack of privacyPeople having
knowledge
of your internal make-upPossibility of tempering
with results
DNA Profiling Used to
Solve Crimes Mark Dixie, who murdered teenage model
Sally Anne Bowman, and Suffolk serial killer Steve Wright were both caught after their DNA was taken for unrelated offences and were afterward linked to the crimes.
DNA profiling was also used to solve the Colette Aram murder case 25 years after the murder was committed by tracing a reckless 19 year old driver’s DNA to his father, who turned out to be the killer.
Hardware & Software Used For DNA Profiling
The specific software that scans people’s fingerprint is called the Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS).
The manager director of the LGC (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Forensics, Dr. Steve Allen, has developed a device in a project known as RapiDNA. This software is said to be able to produce a profile and transmit it to the DNA database and come back with a match all in 60 minutes.
Works CitedCohen, Elizabeth, John Bonifield, and Jennifer Bixler. "The Government Has Your Baby's DNA." CNN. Cable News Network, 04 Feb. 2010. Web. 04 Mar. 2013.
<http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/02/04/baby.dna.government/index.html>.
"DNA Profiling." Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2013. <http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/
DNA_Profiling>.
"DNA Technology in Forensic Science." DNA Technology in Forensic Science. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1866>.
"How DNA Profiling Works." HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2013. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/dna-profiling3.htm>.
Jones, Thomas. "The Rise of DNA Analysis in Crime Solving." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 09 Apr. 2010. Web. 04 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/apr/10/dna-analysis-crime-solving>.