ACrise
do Populismo
Nobody wants dictatorship anymore Vargas’ dictadorship is no longer
compatible with the world post-WW2 Vargas is ousted by military
Dutra is elected the new president First democratically elected Close to Vargas
Constitution of 1946 is made The most liberal so far
DUTRA
The economy is thriving after WW2 Big earnings with the war
Influx of dollars and pounds into the economy Dutra incentivates the importation
Diminished the customs tariffs The first TV sets arrived before there were TV channels in Brazil
Cold War Brazil severs diplomatic relations With the USSR PCB becomes illegal
1947
DUTRA
Getúlio Vargas is elected! 1951
Incongruence Vargas wanted to be a dictator againbut Brazil had changed
Campaign “O Petróleo é nosso”! Foundation of Petrobrás – 1953
State Monopoly of Oil The USA retaliate
Cancel loans to Brazil
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Problems Huge Inflation Generalized strikes
300 thousand workers
Many foreign companies in Brazil UDN (right-wing party) wanted Foreing companies
Diversify the trade Getúlio wanted protectionism for theNational industry
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Problems Hated by everyone
Politicians All disagreed with his policy in some aspect
Businessmen Rose the minimum wage
Workers Didn’t raise the minimum wage enough Persecuted syndicalists and workers on strike
USA Petrobrás
Middle Class Corrupt government
Newspapers supported UDN
Everyday there were news against the government
Military Low wages, obsolete equipment Wanted to support the US
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Carlos Lacerda Jornalist Vargas’ nemesis
Published many terrible things about the government
Much of which was actually true
Gregório Fortunato Chief of Security
Hired a hitman to kill Lacerda There isn’t any proof Getulio knew what Was about to happen
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Toneleiros st. Attack The Hitman awaited for Lacerda at his apartment
Lacerda came out escorted by offi cials ofthe Air Force There was gunfire
A bullet hit Lacerda’s foot Another killed na Air Force Major
Getúlio was accused of being theMastermind
The Air Force investigates The newspapers condemned Vargas
He received and ultimatum:Vargas either renounced or was overthrown
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Suicide 24 August 1954 A shot to the heart
Suicide letter
Popular reaction The people forgive Vargas and blame theUDN and the newspapers
Attacks on the offi ces of the press and the UDN party Hundreds of thousands go to the funeral UDN looses the elections again.
GETÚLIO VARGAS
Humble origins Dimantina, MG – 1902 The first gypsy president in History Elected in 1956
Nacional – Desenvolvimentismo National-Development
Industrialization By the end of his mandate Industry surpassedAgriculture.
Goal Plan “50 years in 5!”
Basic Industries Building roads Hidroelectrics and oil fields Easy access for foreign capital
Cars and home appliances
JK
Brasília Since the constitution of 1891
Planned capital in the inlands Safer Help unify the country
Promess of campaign 1955 in Jataí - GO
Building begins 1957
Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer
Economic problems Building the capital created a huge National debt Generalized Corruption Printing money
Inflation One of the best minimum wages in History
By the end of the mandate the Minimum Wage had dropped to 3/4 of it’s initial value.
JK
Elected in 1961 The succesor of JK
“Tostão contra o Milhão!”(the dime against the mill ion)
“Varre, Varre Vassorinha!”(Sweep, sweep, l ittle broom)
Great victory in the polls A different polititian
Not conected to any political party Much like GV
Conservative linked to upper and middle class
JÂNIO QUADROS
A Controversial administration
Prohibition of the use of bikini At first only in beauty
pageants But later in the entire country
Prohibition of animal games rooster fights horse races
Only during week days
JÂNIO QUADROS
JÂNIO QUADROS
A Controversial administration Great inflation
Tried to contain it freezing wages
Cuts down on public expenses Schools Hospitals Subsidy for oil and wheat
Independet foreign relations Not aligned with the cold war blocks
Wanted to be a power of the third world Invited Che Guevara for a tribute Sent his vice for restabilish foreign relations with China
Trap
Jânio loses suport From UDN and the Military
Flirting with communism Too much of a messy controversial administration Bad economy
Resignation and attempt of coup August 25, 1961 Jânio’s expectations
People would beg him to come back Since his vice was suposed to be a communist No one gave a damn
JÂNIO QUADROS
A communist as president? Jango wasn’t even really a communist, but still… The military do not want Jango in Power
Start organizing a Coup d’Etat
Rede pela Legalidade(Network for Legality)
Leonel Brizola To obey the constitution President Jango
JOÃO GOULART
Parlamentarism A military strategy to take away Jango’s power Jango was suposed to choose his Prime Minister
Tancredo neves
Plebiscite 1963 Jango is victorious
JOÃO GOULART
Reformas de base Agrarian reform More taxes on the rich Compel multinationals to invest part of the profits in Brazil
The people organizesCommunists
Unions Ligas camponesas Une
JOÃO GOULART
The public opinion turns against Jango The upper class and the conservative middle class Red scare workers' strikes pressure from UDN The US disliked Jango
Political rally in Central do Brasil proposes Reformas de Base
Agrariam reform
JOÃO GOULART
Military Coup d’Etat 1964 April first The United States support the coup
Operation Brother Sam
General Castelo Branco
JOÃO GOULART
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