ACrise

do Populismo

Nobody wants dictatorship anymore Vargas’ dictadorship is no longer

compatible with the world post-WW2 Vargas is ousted by military

Dutra is elected the new president First democratically elected Close to Vargas

Constitution of 1946 is made The most liberal so far

DUTRA

The economy is thriving after WW2 Big earnings with the war

Influx of dollars and pounds into the economy Dutra incentivates the importation

Diminished the customs tariffs The first TV sets arrived before there were TV channels in Brazil

Cold War Brazil severs diplomatic relations With the USSR PCB becomes illegal

1947

DUTRA

Getúlio Vargas is elected! 1951

Incongruence Vargas wanted to be a dictator againbut Brazil had changed

Campaign “O Petróleo é nosso”! Foundation of Petrobrás – 1953

State Monopoly of Oil The USA retaliate

Cancel loans to Brazil

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Problems Huge Inflation Generalized strikes

300 thousand workers

Many foreign companies in Brazil UDN (right-wing party) wanted Foreing companies

Diversify the trade Getúlio wanted protectionism for theNational industry

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Problems Hated by everyone

Politicians All disagreed with his policy in some aspect

Businessmen Rose the minimum wage

Workers Didn’t raise the minimum wage enough Persecuted syndicalists and workers on strike

USA Petrobrás

Middle Class Corrupt government

Newspapers supported UDN

Everyday there were news against the government

Military Low wages, obsolete equipment Wanted to support the US

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Carlos Lacerda Jornalist Vargas’ nemesis

Published many terrible things about the government

Much of which was actually true

Gregório Fortunato Chief of Security

Hired a hitman to kill Lacerda There isn’t any proof Getulio knew what Was about to happen

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Toneleiros st. Attack The Hitman awaited for Lacerda at his apartment

Lacerda came out escorted by offi cials ofthe Air Force There was gunfire

A bullet hit Lacerda’s foot Another killed na Air Force Major

Getúlio was accused of being theMastermind

The Air Force investigates The newspapers condemned Vargas

He received and ultimatum:Vargas either renounced or was overthrown

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Suicide 24 August 1954 A shot to the heart

Suicide letter

Popular reaction The people forgive Vargas and blame theUDN and the newspapers

Attacks on the offi ces of the press and the UDN party Hundreds of thousands go to the funeral UDN looses the elections again.

GETÚLIO VARGAS

Humble origins Dimantina, MG – 1902 The first gypsy president in History Elected in 1956

Nacional – Desenvolvimentismo National-Development

Industrialization By the end of his mandate Industry surpassedAgriculture.

Goal Plan “50 years in 5!”

Basic Industries Building roads Hidroelectrics and oil fields Easy access for foreign capital

Cars and home appliances

JK

Brasília Since the constitution of 1891

Planned capital in the inlands Safer Help unify the country

Promess of campaign 1955 in Jataí - GO

Building begins 1957

Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer

Economic problems Building the capital created a huge National debt Generalized Corruption Printing money

Inflation One of the best minimum wages in History

By the end of the mandate the Minimum Wage had dropped to 3/4 of it’s initial value.

JK

Elected in 1961 The succesor of JK

“Tostão contra o Milhão!”(the dime against the mill ion)

“Varre, Varre Vassorinha!”(Sweep, sweep, l ittle broom)

Great victory in the polls A different polititian

Not conected to any political party Much like GV

Conservative linked to upper and middle class

JÂNIO QUADROS

A Controversial administration

Prohibition of the use of bikini At first only in beauty

pageants But later in the entire country

Prohibition of animal games rooster fights horse races

Only during week days

JÂNIO QUADROS

JÂNIO QUADROS

A Controversial administration Great inflation

Tried to contain it freezing wages

Cuts down on public expenses Schools Hospitals Subsidy for oil and wheat

Independet foreign relations Not aligned with the cold war blocks

Wanted to be a power of the third world Invited Che Guevara for a tribute Sent his vice for restabilish foreign relations with China

Trap

Jânio loses suport From UDN and the Military

Flirting with communism Too much of a messy controversial administration Bad economy

Resignation and attempt of coup August 25, 1961 Jânio’s expectations

People would beg him to come back Since his vice was suposed to be a communist No one gave a damn

JÂNIO QUADROS

A communist as president? Jango wasn’t even really a communist, but still… The military do not want Jango in Power

Start organizing a Coup d’Etat

Rede pela Legalidade(Network for Legality)

Leonel Brizola To obey the constitution President Jango

JOÃO GOULART

Parlamentarism A military strategy to take away Jango’s power Jango was suposed to choose his Prime Minister

Tancredo neves

Plebiscite 1963 Jango is victorious

JOÃO GOULART

Reformas de base Agrarian reform More taxes on the rich Compel multinationals to invest part of the profits in Brazil

The people organizesCommunists

Unions Ligas camponesas Une

JOÃO GOULART

The public opinion turns against Jango The upper class and the conservative middle class Red scare workers' strikes pressure from UDN The US disliked Jango

Political rally in Central do Brasil proposes Reformas de Base

Agrariam reform

JOÃO GOULART

Military Coup d’Etat 1964 April first The United States support the coup

Operation Brother Sam

General Castelo Branco

JOÃO GOULART