Download - Consultation Paper on “Universal Single Number Based Integrated Emergency Communication and Response System”

7/29/2019 Consultation Paper on Universal Single Number Based Integrated Emergency Communication and Response Syst

1/53

Pacajf

Igtahrmta` Aka

Jfgsuctmtifg

Rahucmtfry Mutofrity fl Ig`

Jfgsuctmtifg pmpar

Fg

givarsmc Zighca Gukbar Bmsa`

hagjy Jfkkugijmtifg mg` Raspfg

=1to Kmrjo# 2>=:

momgmhmr @ffrsmgjomr Bomwmg

Dmwmomr Cmc Gaoru Kmrh#

Gaw @acoi ==>>>2

mpar Gf' :&2>=:

m

sa Zystak


2/53

ii

Ztmeaofc`ars mra raquasta` tf lurgiso toair writtag

jfkkagts by 1to Mpric# 2>=: mg` jfugtar+jfkkagts by

=2to Mpric# 2>=: tf toa M`visfr /Gatwfres# Zpajtruk

mg` Cijagsigh)# PRMI' Poa jfkkagts kmy mcsf ba sagt

by a+kmic tf m`vkgNtrmi'hfv'ig' Jfkkagts wfuc` ba

pfsta` fg PRMIs wabsita www'trmi'hfv'ig'

Lfr mgy jcmrilijmtifg& iglfrkmtifg# Zori Zmgdaav

Bmgzmc# M`visfr /Gatwfres# Zpajtruk mg` Cijagsigh)#

PRMI# kmy ba jfgtmjta` mt Pacapofga Gf' %9=+==+

2:2=>0?= Lmx Gf' %9=+==+2:2=2>=0 fr akmic mt

m`vkgNtrmi'hfv'ig'


3/53

iii

JFGPAGPZ

Z Gf Jomptar Pitca ^mha Gf

IAKARHAGJY JFKKQGIJMPIFG ,RAZ^FGZA ZYZPAK IG IG@IM JQRRAGPZPMPQZ , XMY LFRXMR@

=

II IGPARGMPIFGMC ^RMJPIJA ==

III

IK^CAKAGPMPIFG FL IGPAHRMPA@AKARHAGJY JFKKQGIJMPIFG ,RAZ^FGZA ZYZPAK IG IG@IM MG@IZZQAZ IG\FC\A@

290/@acoi)# Jrika mhmigst wfkag +=>998/@acoi)# ^fcija Oam`qumrtar oacpciga+=>9>/Qttmr ^rmàso) atj' Igm`ìtifg# m gukbar fl privmta ofspitmcs omva mcsf sat up toair sapmrmta

oacp cigas lfr kaìjmc akarhagjy' Lfccfwigh tmbca hivas sfka fl toa

akarhagjy gukbars gftilia` by toasa frhmgizmtifgs'


5/53

2

sofrt

jfàûrpfsa

sofrt

jfàûrpfsa

=>99Jagtrmc mjjiàgt mg`Prmukm sarvijasMkbucmgja sarvija

=>11>xx Oamrt Racmta`' =>18__ Mkbucmgja sarvijas

=>10 ^fisfg Jfgtrfc Zarvija =>19__ spajimciza` ofspitmcs

=> +MIIKZ

=>8_Akarhagjy Iglfrkmtifgsarvijas + a'h' =>8= is lfrMir Mjjiàgt iglf

=': Pmbca mbfva igìjmtas tomt Gukbar =>99 is lfr Jagtrmc mjjiàgt mg`

Prmukm Mkbucmgja sarvija5 =>18__ is lfr Mkbucmgja sarvijas fl vmrifus

ofspitmcs a'h' =>1820 is lfr Asjfrts Oamrt Ofspitmc5 => is lfr MIIKZ mg` =>9= oacp cigas lfr wfkag' Axistagja fl sf kmgy ìllaragt

gukbars lfr amjo akarhagjy raspfgsa systak jramtas jfglusifg mpmrt

lrfk rakakbarigh sf kmgy gukbars pmrtijucmrcy mt toa tika fl

akarhagjy' Ig m`ìtifg# sfkatikas oacp is raquira` lrfk kfra tomg fga

mhagjy' Poaralfra# toara is m raquirakagt lfr mg amsy tf rakakbar# sighca

akarhagjy gukbar torfuho woijo fga jmg ramjo tf toa àsira` oacp

mhagjy'

Issuas wito prasagt systak ig Igìm

='0 ^rasagtcy# toa jmccs kmà tf akarhagjy gukbars sujo ms =>># =>=# =>2

atj' mra tarkigmta` mt jartmig àliga` jagtars woijo mra kmgga` by toa

jfgjarga` àpmrtkagts& frhmgizmtifgs ciea pfcija# cfjmc kugijipmc

bfìas# oamcto# lira brihmà atj' Ig toa axistigh systak# toa cfjmtifg

iglfrkmtifg is prfvià` by toa jmccar mg` toa akarhagjy oacpigh ugit racy


6/53

:

fg tois iglfrkmtifg' Ig tois sjagmrif# il toa jmccar is aitoar gft mbca tf

jfgvay ois cfjmtifg fr toa cfjmtifg jfgvaya` by oik is vmhua fr

arrfgafus# toara is m pfssibicity tomt ois raquast lfr oacp is omgà` fvar

tf m raspfgìgh ugit tomt kmy gft ba ig toa ikkaìmta vijigity fl toa

jmccar rasuctigh ig cfss fl jrujimc tika ig toa raspfgsa'

='1 Poa sajfg` prfbcak ig toa jurragt ARZ systak is tomt fl durisìjtifgmc

issuas tomt mhmig mrisas fut fl toa cmje fl cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg fl toa

jmccar' Kmgy m tikas jmccs kmà tf akarhagjy gukbars cmg` fg ^fcija

jfgtrfc rffks&Mkbucmgja sarvijas tomt kmy gft omva durisìjtifg mt toa

cfjmtifg fl toa jmccar' Zigja toa cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg is gft hattigh

jfkkugijmta` ig prasagt systak mg` toara is gf jfkkfg igtarlmja tf

omg`ca toa jmccs# toa jmccar is msea` tf jfgtmjt sfka ftoar gukbar' Pois

is vary jfkkfg ig jmsas woara toa jmccar is usigh kfbica omg`sats mg`

jmccigh lrfk m pcmja tomt is mt toa bfug`mry fl m @istrijt fr Ztmta' a'h' il

sfkafga is trmvaccigh lrfk @acoi tf Domgsi# toa stmta durisìjtifgs

jomghas lraquagtcy ms oa oms tf pmss torfuho @acoi+Omrymgm+Q^+

Rmdmstomg+K^+Q^' Ig sujo m sjagmrif# il m ìstrass jmcc is kmà mt toa

bfràr fl smy Q^ mg` K^# woag toa jmccar is agtarigh K^# it is cieacy tomt

toa jmcc cmg`s mt toa jfgtrfc rffk cfjmta` ig toa m tfwg ig Q^# woica toa

gamrast oacp jmg ba prfvià` lrfk m tfwg cfjmta` ig K^ mg` il toa jfgtrfc

rffks `f gft omva bmjeag` lmjicity tf pmss jmccs mg` iglfrkmtifg

hmtoara`# toa raspfgsa tf toa jmccar wicc ba àcmya`'

='= fr =>2 lfr lira brihmà# oa

wicc ba aitoar àpriva` fl mgy oacp fr wicc hat toa oacp mltar mvfi`mbca

àcmy' Pika is toa assagja ig sujo m situmtifg' Xoatoar it is m rift

brameigh fut# fr m lira spramìgh# fr m jitizag struhhcigh wito m oamrt


7/53

0

mttmje toa lirst law kigutas mra mcwmys jrujimc' Hivag toa cfw citarmjy

cavacs ig Igìm# it is cieacy tomt jrujimc tika kmy ba cfst ig lihurigh fut

womt tf ìmc'

='8 Lfurtocy# toara kmy ba m situmtifg woara kuctipca mhagjias gaa` tf ba

jfgtmjta`' Lfr axmkpca# mg mjjiàgt kmy rasuct igtf lira mg` sfka

parsfgs kmy ba sarifuscy burgt' Zujo m situmtifg wfuc` raquira jmccigh

pfcija# lira ms wacc ms mkbucmgja' Hattigh toa rihot jfgtmjt gukbars mg`

axpcmigigh toa smka situmtifg tf amjo fl toak rasuct ig àcmy ig m

situmtifg woara fga wfuc` wmgt igstmgt raspfgsa'

Brial mbfut Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg ,

Raspfgsa Zystak /IAJRZ) ig àvacfpa` jfugtrias

='? Zfka jfugtrias /Mustrmcim# Gaw Tamcmg`# QE# QZM atj) omva put ig pcmja

mg Igtahrmta` akarhagjy jfkkugijmtifg , raspfgsa systak tomt is

mjjassa` torfuho ugivarsmc sighca gukbar' Lfr axmkpca ig QZM# gukbar

9== is usa`5 ig kfst fl toa Aurfpamg jfugtrias gukbar ==2 oms baagprfvià` lfr akarhagjy raspfgsa' Fg ìmcigh toa akarhagjy gukbar# toa

jmcc hats rfuta` tf m eig` fl jmcc jagtar# m ûbcij Zmlaty Mgswarigh ^figt

/^ZM^)# cfjmta` mt savarmc pcmjas witoig toa jfugtry fr Ztmta' Poa ^ZM^s

mra kmgga` by parsfggac# wof mra wacc trmiga` tf saae spajilij

iglfrkmtifg lrfk toa jmccar mg` bmsa` fg toa raquirakagt fl toa jmccar#

mg` toa m``rass iglfrkmtifg tomt hats trmgslarra` lrfk mg Igtahrmta`

ûbcij Gukbar @mtmbmsa ig jmsa fl cmg`ciga jmccs5 fr fg toa mpprfxikmtacfjmtifg jffrìgmtas tomt hats trmgslarra` lrfk kfbica gatwfres ig jmsa

fl kfbica jmccs# toasa ^ZM^s rfuta toa akarhagjy jmccs lurtoar tf gamrast

cfjmc akarhagjy raspfgìgh mhagjias ciea kaìjmc# lira# cmw aglfrjakagt

atj' Ig jmsa fl ugmvmicmbicity fl cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg# toa mgswarigh

parsfggac mse toa jmccar lfr toa cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg'


8/53

1

='9 Zujo ikpcakagtmtifg hivas risa tf toa gaa` lfr m prfpar mg` up+tf+`mta

subsjribar `mtmbmsa tf ba eapt by toa sarvija prfviàrs' Ig m jagtrmciza`

akarhagjy raspfgsa kfàc# fga fl toa eay lamturas is trmgskissifg fl

iàgtilijmtifg mg` cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg by Pacajfk sarvija prfviàrs tf

toa ^ZM^' Iàgtilijmtifg iglfrkmtifg kmy ba toa iglfrkmtifg sujo ms

subsjribar fr jfkpmgy gmka' Cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg ig jmsa fl wira` ciga

jfggajtifgs jmg ba Ztraat gmka# ofusa gukbar# mram fr tfwg mg` pfstmc

jfà mt woijo toa tacapofga is igstmcca`' Ig jmsa fl kfbica frihigmta`

jmccs# toa cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg trmgskitta` by toa kfbica gatwfres jmg ba

aitoar toa m``rass fl toa jacc sita jcfsast tf toa jmccar fr cfjmtifg àriva`

by trimghucmtifg katof` fr wito toa oacp fl H^Z' Ig sfka jfugtrias ciea

QZM# toara mra rucas tomt raquira toa iglfrkmtifg rahmrìgh toa cmtituà#

cfghituà fr pfsitifg fl toa subsjribars aquipkagt tf ba trmgslarra` lrfk

toa sarvija prfviàrs gatwfre tf toa ^ZM^'

='=> Poa ^ZM^ jfgjapt# woijo is mg m`ìtifgmc lugjtifgmcity lfr omg`cigh toa

akarhagjy jmccs# is mg igtahrmc àsihg acakagt fl IAJRZ' Poa bihhast

m`vmgtmha fl omvigh mg igtarkaìmry mhagjy ciea ^ZM^ is tomt it is

mhgfstij tf toa hafhrmpoijmc cfjmtifg fl toa jmccar mg` toa eig` fl oacp

raquira`' Ig tois lrmkawfre# toa buràg fl jmccigh toa jfrrajt gukbar

mg` toa jfrrajt mhagjy lfr oacp soilts lrfk toa jmccar tf toa ^ZM^' Pois

brighs allijiagjy mg` agomgja` raspfgsa# mvfiìgh arrfrs ig omg`cigh toa

akarhagjy'

Akarhagjy raspfgsa systak ig Igìm + Jurragt tacajfk

rahucmtfry mg` cijagsigh lrmkawfre

='== ^rasagtcy# toa tacajfk mjjass tf akarhagjy sarvijas ig Igìm sujo ms

=>>/^fcija)# =>=/Lira)# =>2/Mkbucmgja) , =>? /Akarhagjy @ismstar

Kmgmhakagt) mra baigh prfvià` by Pacajfk Zarvija ^rfviàrs /PZ^s)' Ms

par toa Gmtifgmc Gukbarigh ^cmg 2>>:# toasa mra Jmtahfry+I sarvijas i'a'


9/53

? is

Pfcc lraa ig cfjmc mrams fgcy'

='=2 Ms lmr ms tacajfk sarvija cijagsas mra jfgjarg# ig toa àligitifg fl tarks

, axprassifgs hivag ig toa Jaccucmr Kfbica Pacajfk Zarvijas /JKPZ)

cijagsa akarhagjy sarvijas oms baag àliga` ms# Akarhagjy sarvija

kamgs mg akarhagjy fl mgy eig`# igjcuìgh mgy jirjukstmgjas womtavar

rasuctigh lrfk kmdfr mjjiàgts# gmturmc ìsmstars mg` igjiàgts igvfcvigh

tfxij fr rmìf+mjtiva kmtarimcs mg` akarhagjy sarvijas ig raspajt fl mgy

cfjmcity kamgs toa racavmgt pubcij# pfcija# lira# mkbucmgja mg` jfmst humr`

sarvijas lfr tomt cfjmcity' Lurtoar# ms par toa jcmusa :>'= fl toa JKPZ

cijagsa mhraakagt# cijagsaa somcc igàpagàgtcy prfvià mcc akarhagjy

mg` pubcij uticity sarvijas tf its subsjribars# igjcuìgh ìrajtfry iglfrkmtifg

sarvijas wito gmkas mg` m``rass fl subsjribars'

='=: Mjjfrìgh tf toa jcmusa 29'= fl Qgilia` Mjjass Zarvija Cijagsa/QMZC)#

toa cijagsaa somcc prfvià igàpagàgtcy fr torfuho kutumccy mhraa`

jfkkarjimc mhraakagts wito ftoar sarvija prfviàrs# mcc pubcij uticity

sarvijas igjcuìgh PFCC LRAA sarvijas sujo ms pfcija# lira# mkbucmgja#

rmicwmys&rfm`&Mir mjjiàgt agquiry# pfcija jfgtrfc# ìsmstar kmgmhakagt

atj' Xoica prfviìgh akarhagjy sarvijas sujo ms pfcija# lira# mkbucmgja

atj' it somcc ba àcivara` tf toa jfgtrfc rffk fl jfgjarga` mutofrity lfr toa

mram lrfk woara jmcc is frihigmta`'

='=0 Ms lmr ms toa cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg fl toa kfbica jmccars is jfgjarga`# toa

@apmrtkagt fl Pacajfk /@fP)# vià its mkag`kagt= tf toa JKPZ&QMZ

Cijagsa jfgìtifgs# `mta` :=st Kmy 2>==# oms kmg`mta` tacajfk sarvija

=ottp4&&`ft'hfv'ig&MZ+III&2>==&ms+iii'p`l


10/53

8

prfviàrs tf prfvià cfjmtifg àtmics fl toair kfbica subsjribars ms par

toa lfccfwigh

/m) Poa Cijagsaa somcc prfvià cfjmtifg àtmics fl kfbica justfkars ig

toa Cijagsa sarvija mram ms par bacfw kagtifga` tika lrmka lrfk toa

`mta fl issua fl tois mkag`kagt mg` mjjurmjy' It sofuc` ba m pmrt fl

J@R ig toa lfrk fl cfghituà mg` cmtituà# basiàs toa jf+frìgmta fl toa

jacc sitas# woijo is mcram`y fga fl toa kmg`mta` liac`s fl J@R'

Mjjurmjy ig ârjagtmha

@istmgja igKatars

Qrbmg /Kfra tomg =kiccifg kfbicas ig m

kugijipmc cikit)

Zub+Qrbmg , Rurmc Rakfta

= yamr 2 yamrs = yamr$ 2 yamrs : yamrs 2 yamrs

1> :> 1>

=>> 81 1>

:>> ?> 91 1> 8> 1>

1>> 8> ?> 8>

$Mppcijmbca lfr toa stmta fl D,E# Mssmk mg` GA rahifg'

/b) Pf stmrt wito toasa àtmics wicc ba prfvià` lfr spajilia` kfbica

gukbars' Ofwavar# witoig m parif` fl : yamrs cfjmtifg àtmics somcc bapmrt fl J@R lfr mcc kfbica jmccs'

@apagìgh upfg toa tajogfcfhijmc àvacfpkagt toa cikits fl mjjurmjy

jfuc` ba kfìlia` mgy tika ig lutura'

='=1 ^rasagtcy# kfst fl toa privmta sarvija prfviàrs mra rfutigh jmccs tf toa

akarhagjy gukbars torfuho toa gatwfre fl BZGC&KPGC# ms toa ^ZQ

sarvija prfviàrs omva jfggajtivity wito jfgtrfc rffks fl vmrifusakarhagjy frhmgismtifgs' Lfr tois purpfsa# igtarjfggajtifg mhraakagts

batwaag ^rivmta Mjjass Zarvija prfviàrs mg` BZGC&KPGC omva raquira`

prfvisifgs'


11/53

?

Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zystak ig Igìm Jomghigh

ìkagsifgs mg` gaw rahucmtfry raquirakagts

='=0 hrfup /KK4 >0) ugàr toa Buramu fl ^fcija Rasamrjo ,

@avacfpkagt /B^R,@) woijo is camìgh toa allfrts fg Igtahrmta`

Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg Zystak' KK4 >0 oms astmbcisoa` toa @imc+

=>># Mgytika Mgywoara ^fcijigh visifg' Pois visifg m``rassas toa gaa`

fl cavarmhigh toa bast IP mg` jfkkugijmtifg tajogfcfhy tf put ig pcmja m

quije# allajtiva# mg` jfkpraoagsiva akarhagjy raspfgsa tf mcc rapfrta`

igjiàgts bmsa` fg m jmcc+jagtra kfàc fr fg toa cigas fl 9== /QZM)#

Joijmhf ^fcija kfàc fr toa kfàc fl =>?+AKRI mvmicmbca ig Igìm'2

='=? Poa issuas igvfcva` ig sattigh up fl Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zystak isprikmricy racmta` tf toa stmta hfvargkagts# ms kfst fl toa akarhagjy

sarvijas mra baigh prfvià` by ^fcija# Lira brihmà# ofspitmcs atj'# woijo

mra jfgtrfcca` by toa raspajtiva stmta hfvargkagts' Poaralfra# fga kihot

mse ms tf womt rfca# PRMI oms ig tois wofca lrmkawfre' Igtargmtifgmccy

mcsf# toa IAJRZ oms baag sat up mt toa stmta fr kugijipmc cavac' Ofwavar#

2ottp4&&bpr`'gij'ig&writaram``mtm&cigeikmhas&>?>>2:8?82+Igjiàgt!2>Jfkkmg`!2>Jagtra'p`l


12/53

9

toa jfkkugijmtifg pcmtlfrk raquira` tf prfvià toa IAJRZ oms baag

kmg`mta`&lmjicitmta` by toa raspajtiva tacajfk rahucmtfr ig mssfjimtifg

wito toa Pacajfk sarvija prfviàrs fl tofsa jfugtrias'

='=9 Qgàr sajtifg ==/=)/m) /iv) fl PRMI Mjt =998 /ms mkagà`)# Pacajfk

Rahucmtfry Mutofrity fl Igìm /PRMI) is agtrusta` wito toa

raspfgsibicity fl prfkftigh allijiagjy ig toa fparmtifgs fl

tacajfkkugijmtifg sarvijas sf ms tf lmjicitmta hrfwto ig sujo sarvijas'

Lurtoar# ugàr sajtifg ==/=)/m)/vii) PRMI jmg kmea rajfkkag`mtifgs fg

mgy kmttar racmtmbca tf tacajfkkugijmtifg igùstry ig hagarmc' Poaralfra#

tf lmjicitmta toa astmbcisokagt fl mg allijiagt mg` rfbust IAJRZ ig toa

jfugtry# PRMI oms àjià` tf igitimta tois jfgsuctmtifg prfjass'

='2> Poara wicc ba vmrifus mhagjias mg` àpmrtkagts fl toa Hfvargkagt wof

wicc ba igvfcva` ig sujjassluc ikpcakagtmtifg fl ugivarsmc sighca gukbar

bmsa` Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy jfkkugijmtifg , Raspfgsa Zystak' It is

axpajta` tomt toasa hfvargkagt mhagjias prfmjtivacy m``rass toa

prfbmbca bfttcagajes jfgjargigh toair durisìjtifg' Lrfktacajfkkugijmtifgs pfigt fl viaw savarmc tajogijmc# ajfgfkijmc mg`

rahucmtfry jomccaghas gaa` tf ba m``rassa` ig sujo mg ikpcakagtmtifg'

Zfka fl toasa mra5 Gukbarigh pcmg racmta` issuas# Igtarjfggajtifg

racmta` issuas /igjcuìgh IQJ)# jramtifg mg` up`mtigh fl m jagtrmciza`

`mtmbmsa fl tacapofga gukbars# trmgslar fl cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg fl toa

kfbica jmccar ig ramc tika atj'

='2= Pf igitimta toa jfgsuctmtifg prfjass fg toa issua# PRMI om` jfgùjta` m

wfresofp fg Issuas igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl Akarhagjy

Jfkkugijmtifg Zystak fg :=st Fjtfbar 2>=2 mt Gaw @acoi' Poa

wfresofp wms mika` mt brighigh mcc stmeaofcàrs fg m jfkkfg pcmtlfrk

mg` tf ugàrstmg` toa issuas igvfcva`' Poa wfresofp wms mttagà` by

spamears mg` pmrtijipmgts lrfk Kigistry fl Ofka Mllmirs# vmrifus Ztmta

Hfvargkagts# @apmrtkagt fl Pacajfk# Gmtifgmc @ismstar Kmgmhakagt


13/53

=>

Mutofrity# Pacajfk Zarvija ^rfviàrs# toair mssfjimtifgs mg` tajogijmc

sfcutifg prfviàrs' Zavarmc igputs omva baag rajaiva` lrfk toa

prasagtmtifgs hivag by toa spamears ig toa wfresofp mg` toa ìsjussifgs

oac`' Poasa omva mcsf baag igjfrpfrmta` ig tois jfgsuctmtifg pmpar'

='22 Pois jfgsuctmtifg pmpar oms 0 jomptars' Jomptar II ìsjussas toa

Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg , Raspfgsa Zystaks mvmicmbca ig vmrifus

jfugtrias sf ms tf hiva m àtmica` ugàrstmgìgh fl ofw toay wfre'

Jomptar III ìsjussas toa issuas igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl ugivarsmc

sighca gukbar bmsa` Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg , RaspfgsaZystak ig Igìm ig àtmic mg` rmisas vmrifus issuas lfr stmeaofcàrs

jfkkagts' Poasa issuas omva baag sukkmriza` ig Jomptar I\ lfr toa

jfgvagiagja fl stmeaofcàrs'

='2: Porfuho tois jfgsuctmtifg pmpar# PRMI miks mt hattigh toa viaws fl

vmrifus stmeaofcàrs fg toa ìllaragt issuas igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg

fl ugivarsmc sighca gukbar bmsa` Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg

, Raspfgsa Zystak ig Igìm'


14/53

==

JOM^PAR + II

IGPARGMPIFGMC A_ÂRIAGJA

2'= Ig fràr tf ugàrstmg` toa issuas igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl

Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg , Raspfgsa Zystak ig Igìm#

PRMI oms stuìa` toa systak mg` pfcijy m`fpta` ig sfka jfugtrias'

Zmka oms baag sukkmriza` ig lfccfwigh pmrmhrmpos'

QZM

Zighca Gukbar Zystak usa`4 + 9=='

2'2 Poa Xiracass Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` ûbcij Zmlaty Mjt fl =999/9+=+=

Mjt)# àsihgmta` 9+=+= ms toa ugivarsmc akarhagjy tacapofga gukbar

witoig toa Qgita` Ztmtas lfr rapfrtigh mg akarhagjy tf mpprfprimta

mutofritias mg` raquastigh mssistmgja' Pois gukbar is tf ba usa` by

jitizags fgcy ig jmsa fl akarhagjias ig QZM mg` usigh 9+=+= lfr gfg+

akarhagjy jmccs is mhmigst toa cmw': @imcigh 9== jfggajts toa

subsjribar tf m ^ZM^ /ûbcij Zmlaty Mgswarigh ^figt)0 woara m trmiga`

ìspmtjoar rfutas toa jmcc tf cfjmc akarhagjy kaìjmc# lira mg` cmw

aglfrjakagt mhagjias' Poara kmy ba kuctipca ^ZM^s witoig toa smka

axjomgha# fr fga ^ZM^ kmy jfvar kuctipca axjomghas'

2': Poa Xiracass Pacajfkkugijmtifgs mg` ûbcij Zmlaty Mjt fl =999

kmg`mtas tomt toa Laàrmc Jfkkugijmtifgs Jfkkissifg "somcc

agjfurmha mg` suppfrt allfrts by Ztmtas tf àpcfy jfkpraoagsiva ag`+

tf+ag` akarhagjy jfkkugijmtifgs iglrmstrujtura mg` prfhrmks#

bmsa` fg jffrìgmta` stmtawià pcmgs# igjcuìgh samkcass#

:ottp4&&www'ljj'hfv&tfpij&9+=+=+mg`+a+9+=+=

0Poa LJJ kmigtmigs m Kmstar ^ZM^ Rahistry wito iglfrkmtifg fg ^ZM^ gmkas mg` cfjmtifgs'


15/53

=2

ubiquitfus# racimbca wiracass tacajfkkugijmtifgs gatwfres mg`

agomgja` wiracass 9+=+= sarvija'"1

2'0 Poa 9== gatwfres mra jramta` mg` fparmta` cfjmccy by vmrifus

jfugtias' Ig sfka jmsas toa gatwfres mra m`kigistara` by m

hfvargkagt pubcij smlaty tamk mg` tajogijmccy fparmta` by m

tacajfkkugijmtifgs jfkpmgy /toa pofga jfkpmgy)' 9== jmccs mra

mcsf prfvià` sfka àhraa fl prifrity fvar ftoar pofga trmllij'

2'1 Xoag m jmccar ìmcs 9==# toa jmcc is rajfhgiza` by toa tacapofga

jfkpmgy jagtrmc fllija switjo mg` rfuta` tf toa gamrast ûbcij Zmlaty

Mgswarigh ^figt /^ZM^)' Mt toa ^ZM^# toa ìspmtjoar varilias toa

jmccars cfjmtifg# àtarkigas toa gmtura fl toa akarhagjy mg` àjiàs

woijo akarhagjy raspfgsa tamks sofuc` ba gftilia`' Igitimccy toa

ìspmtjoar usa` tf varily jmccars cfjmtifg frmccy but wito toa

igtrfùjtifg fl Agomgja` 9== fr A9== toa jmccars cfjmtifg is

mutfkmtijmccy mvmicmbca tf toa ìspmtjoar' Xito tois iglfrkmtifg# ^ZM^

stmll is mbca tf jmcc bmje il toa 9== jmcc is ìsjfggajta`# mg` mcsfegfw woara tf sag` akarhagjy sarvijas parsfggac'

2' tf

:>> katars# àpagìgh fg toa typa fl tajogfcfhy usa`'


16/53

=:

cfjmtifg kmy ba m sat fl jffrìgmtas fr toa poysijmc m``rass fl toa

jaccucmr tfwar lrfk woijo toa wiracass jmcc frihigmta`' Poa ag` fllija

rajfhgizas toa ìhits 9== mg` switjoas toa jmcc tf 9== sacajtiva rfutar'

Bmsa` fg toa jmccigh gukbar mg` cfjmtifg fl toa jmccar# toa jmcc is

rfuta` tf toa jfgjarg ^ZM^' Poa ^ZM^ toag omg`s fvar toa jmcc tf toa

gamrast mvmicmbca akarhagjy ìspmtjoar'

2'8 Poa Laàrmc Jfkkugijmtifg Jfkkissifgs /LJJ) bmsij 9== rucas

raquira wiracass sarvija prfviàrs tf trmgskit mcc 9== jmccs tf m ^ZM^#

rahmr`cass fl woatoar toa jmccar subsjribas tf toa prfviàrs sarvija fr

gft' 9== jmccs mra mcsf mccfwa` lrfk toa jacc pofgas omvigh gf

subsjribar iàgtilijmtifg kfùca /ZIK)' Ofwavar# woag jmccs mra kmà

lrfk sujo àvijas# it is vary ìllijuct tf àtarkiga toa cfjmtifgs fl

toasa jmccs' Il m jmccar `fas gft spame Aghciso# mg igtarpratar is m`à`

ig toa jfgvarsmtifg lfr ois oacp'8 9== systak is gft àsihga` tf

suppfrt akarhagjy taxt kassmhas# axjapt ig m law mrams woara cikita`

taxt+tf+9== trimcs mra ugàrwmy' Zfka wiracass jmrriars omva

mggfugja` pcmgs tf suppfrt taxt+tf+9== stmrtigh ig 2>=:# mg` sfka

9== jagtars kmy bahig tf mjjapt taxt kassmhas ig m`ìtifg tf vfija

jmccs'?

2'? Ig QZM# lugìgh fl 9== sarvijas is gft ugilfrk' Cfjmc hfvargkagts

racy fg m vmriaty fl ravagua sfurjas tf lug` toa jfst fl kmigtmigigh

^ZM^s' M kmdfrity fl lug`s jfkas lrfk ag`+usar surjomrhas woijo

oacps tacajfk sarvija prfviàrs tf rajfvar toair fparmtigh jfsts' Avag

toa ag`+usar surjomrha rmtas ìllar lrfk jfugty tf jfugty' Lfr

axmkpca ig Eagtujey Ztmta# laas fg cmg`ciga usars rmgha lrfk 1>

jagts tf $0'21 m kfgto' Poa laa lfr wiracass pofgas is $>'8> par

8ottp4&&www'gagm'frh&6pmha;9==HagarmcIglf

?ottp4&&www'ljj'hfv&taxt+tf+9==


17/53

=0

kfgto9' \arkfgt Ztmta lug`s its 9+=+= systak by wmy fl jfccajtigh m

parjagtmha fl ratmic tacajfkkugijmtifg jomrhas ms laa' Poa kfst

jfkkfg 9== lugìgh mpprfmjo is m kfgtocy surjomrha fg cmg`ciga

mg` wiracass pofgas# but sfka Ztmtas usa parjagtmhas fl toa kfgtocy

bicc# parjagtmhas fl m tmx bmsa# fr omva m ugivarsmc sarvija lug`'

Jmgm`m

Zighca Gukbar Zystak usa`4 + 9=='

2'9 Ig toa yamr =98># 9== wms m`fpta` ms toa gmtifgmc akarhagjy

gukbar lfr Jmgm`m'Pois gukbar is usa` fgcy ig jmsa fl akarhagjias'

Poa wfreigh fl 9== sarvijas is sikicmr tf toa wfreigh ig QZM# axjapt

tomt# ig Jmgm`m `mtmbmsa jfgtmigigh toa cfjmtifg iàgtilijmtifg is

kmigtmiga` mt m gmtifgmc cavac mg` JCI , ftoar cfjmtifg racmta`

iglfrkmtifg is racmya` tf ^ZM^s mcfgh wito toa tacapofga gukbars'=>

Ofwavar toara mra sfka ^ZM^s ig Jmgm`m woijo sticc usa bmsij 9==

sarvijas ig woijo usar oms tf jfgvay ois cfjmtifg tf toa ìspmtjoar'

Poa cfjmtifg racmta` `mtm is ravamca` tf akarhagjy sarvija

frhmgizmtifgs fgcy ig toa jmsa fl akarhagjy fr il jfgsagt lfr `figh toa

smka is hivag by toa subsjribar' Ofwavar ig jmsa fl wiracass kfbica

usars# prfbcak fl axmjt cfjmtifg iàgtilijmtifg sticc axists but

Jmgmìmg Rmìf+tacavisifg mg` Pacajfkkugijmtifgs Jfkkissifg

/JRPJ) is agjfurmhigh toa usa fl H^Z , Jacc Primghucmtifg

Pajogfcfhias tf lig` toa mjjurmta cfjmtifg àtmics fl toa jmccar'==

2'=> Poa JRPJ raquiras wiracass sarvija prfviàrs tf hiva toair justfkars

9== sarvijas woaravar toasa sarvijas mra mvmicmbca' Poasa sarvijas mra

rug by cfjmc hfvargkagts /sujo ms kugijipmcitias) ig jfgdugjtifg wito

9ottp4&&www'crj'ey'hfv&crjpubs&rr:?:'p`l

=>ottp4&&www='9==agmbca'jfk&`fjukagts&p`l&akarhagjyVrfutighVsarvijaV`mtmsoaatVjmgm`m'p`l

==ottp4&&www'jrtj'hj'jm&agh&jfk=>>&2>>9&r>9>2>2'otk


18/53

=1

toa tacapofga jfkpmgias# woijo hiva wiracass prfviàrs mjjass tf toa

9== gatwfre' Poa JRPJ oms mpprfva` toa rmtas tomt tacapofga

jfkpmgias jomrha lrfk wiracass sarvija prfviàrs lfr prfviìgh 9==

gatwfre mjjass' Ag` usar surjomrha is cavia` fg mcc toa subsjribars ig

toair kfgtocy bicc' Ig rakfta mrams fr rurmc mrams# 9== mjjass is

prfvià` fg m subsiìza` rmta lfr woijo lug` is jramta` by tacapofga

jfkpmgias'=2 Paxt kassmhigh tf 9== sarvijas omva baag stmrta` fg m

trimc bmsis ugàr toa hui`mgja fl JRPJ lfr toa rahistara` oamrigh mg`

spaajo ikpmira` parsfgs'=:

Qgita` Eigh`fk

Zighca Gukbar Zystak usa`4 + 9995 Zajfg`mry Gukbar usa`4 + ==2'

2'== Ig QE# akarhagjy jmcc sarvija lrfk lixa` pofgas wms cmugjoa` ig

=9:8 mg` axtagà` tf mcc kmdfr tfwgs mg` jitias by =90?' Poa 999

sarvija wms igtrfùja` lfr kfbica pofga usars ig =9?2='otk

=:ottp4&&www'jrtj'hj'jm&agh&jfk=>>&2>=2&r=2>2=>&?


19/53

=@+:??=+0M=0+0A1B?>


20/53

=8

Gaw Tamcmg`4 +

Zighca Gukbar Zystak usa`4 + ==='

2'=


21/53

=?

woijo is kmigtmiga` by PACAJFK GT +toa igjukbagt tacajfk

sarvija prfviàr fl Gaw Tamcmg`' Poa sarvija qumcity kamsuras lfr

PACAJFK GT is tomt amjo yamr mg mvarmha fl ?1 par jagt fl

akarhagjy jmccs kust ba mgswara` witoig =1 sajfg`s' Poa gmka mg`

m``rass fl toa jmccar is mutfkmtijmccy ìspcmya` fg ìspmtjoars sjraag'

Jmccars Cfjmtifg Iglfrkmtifg is mutfkmtijmccy mvmicmbca torfuho toa

PAZM /Pacajfkkugijmtifgs Akarhagjy Zarvijas M``rassas) `mtmbmsa

lfr cmg`+cigas' Pois `mtmbmsa is kmigtmiga` by PACAJFK GT mg`

PACZPRM JCAMR' Ofwavar PAZM `fas gft prfvià cfjmtifg `mtm lfr

kfbica pofga usars mg` toay omva tf jfglirk toair cfjmtifg frmccy'

PAZM is cigea` wito kmppigh `mtmbmsa woijo jfgtmigs savarmc typas fl

kmps igjcuìgh rahucmr straat kmps# marimc poftfs# tfpfhrmpoij kmps#

kmriga jomrts mg` cfjmc jfugjic prfparty bfug`mrias' Poa kmppigh

iglfrkmtifg oacps toa ìspmtjoar tf mjjurmtacy pig+pfigt toa cfjmtifg

woara akarhagjy sarvija oacp is tf ba sagt'

2'2> Jmccs tf === sarvijas omva prifrity fvar ftoar jmccs'20 Ftoar Zarvija

prfviàrs omva m vfcugtmry jfkkarjimc mrrmghakagt wito PACAJFK

GT woijo is lurtoar jffrìgmta` by jmrriar igtarjfggajtifg

mhraakagts' PACAJFK GTs IJM^ /Igitimc Jmcc Mgswarigh ^cmtlfrk) fr

^ZM^s jfsts mra kat ig pmrt torfuho mg igtarjfggajtifg jomrha fg

ftoar vfija sarvija prfviàrs mg` pmrtcy by PACAJFK GT itsacl' Jmccs

tf === sarvijas lfr ag`+usar mra lraa i'a' gf m`ìtifgmc laa is fbtmiga`

lrfk toak' Jmccs tf === sarvijas mra mccfwa` lrfk kfbica pofgas

omvigh gf mirtika fr prapmi` bmcmgja'

2'2= Paxt kassmhas /ZKZs) tf === sarvijas mra fgcy mccfwa` lfr rahistara`

oamrigh+ikpmira` parsfgs ig Gaw Tamcmg`'21 Fl toa 2'8 kiccifg jmccs

tomt PACAJFK GT rajaivas mpprfxikmtacy lfr === sarvijas avary

20ottp4&&www'tjl'frh'gz&jfgtagt&1ml


22/53

=9

yamr# fgcy :

jmrria` fut by hfvargkagt mhagjias fg usa fl === sarvijas fgcy ig

jmsa fl akarhagjias'2>>5

Zajfg`mry Gukbars usa`4 +==2# =>>># ==2 , =>>> mjjass' =>


23/53

2>

ms fga virtumc jmcc jagtar' Il fga jmcc jagtar bajfkas igfparmtiva fr

fvarcfmà` ùa tf mg axtraka avagt# jmccs wicc ba mgswara` mt toa

ftoar jmcc jagtar# rahmr`cass fl toa frihig fl jmccs' Jmcc ìspmtjoars ig

akarhagjy jmcc jagtars mra mià` by twf `mtmbmsas4 + I^G@ /Igtahrmta`

ûbcij Gukbar @mtmbmsa) mg` AJCI^Z /Agomgja` Jmccigh Ciga

Iàgtilijmtifg ^rfjass Zystak)' Bfto toa `mtmbmsas mra kmigtmiga` by

PACZPRM' I^G@ is m gmtifgmc rapfsitfry fl justfkar `mtm igjcuìgh

justfkar jfgtmjt iglfrkmtifg /Gmka# M``rass mg` ûbcij Gukbar)

suppcia` by Jaccucmr Zarvija ^rfviàrs /JZ^s)' It is toa prikmry sfurja

fl `mtm lfr toa akarhagjy sarvija frhmgizmtifgs' PACZPRM rfca

igjcuàs rajaivigh fl `mtm lrfk `mtm prfviàrs mg` agsurigh smlaty

mg` sajurity fl `mtm' PACZPRM mcsf parlfrks `micy up`mtas tf I^G@'

AJCI^Z is m gmtifgmc jfkputar systak tf suppfrt toa akarhagjy

jfkkugijmtifg sarvija' Poa AJCI^Z `mtmbmsa usas iglfrkmtifg lrfk

toa I^G@' It prfviàs justfkar sarvija iglfrkmtifg# cfhs akarhagjy

jmccs mg` is toa kmstar sfurja fl mcc Akarhagjy Zarvija Frhmgizmtifgs

mg` cfjmcity iglfrkmtifg' Jmrriars fr JZ^s prfviàs Jmccar CigaIglfrkmtifg usigh toa tacajfkkugijmtifgs switjoigh gatwfres' Poa

AJCI^Z systak axtrmjts rajfr` wito toa oacp fl tois JCI tf ìspcmy toa

jmccars iàgtity mg` cfjmtifg fg AJZ fparmtfrs sjraag ig ramc tika'28

2'20 Il jmcc is kmà lrfk m kfbica pofga# toa jmccars cfjmtifg is gft egfwg

bayfg` toa cfjmtifg fl jmccars jurragt Ztmg`mrìza` Kfbica Zarvija

Mram /ZKZM) woijo is typijmccy m hrfup fl kfbica jaccs' Jmccs lrfk

kfbicas mra omg`ca` ig toa smka wmy ms toa lixa` cigas' Poa jmccars

pofga gukbar# jurragt ZKZM mg` stmta fl frihig fl kfbica jmccs mra

ìspcmya` fg AJZ fparmtfrs sjraag' Poa AJ^ fparmtfr toag quarias

toa cfjmtifg àtmics mg` jfggajts toa akarhagjy sarvija frhmgizmtifg

fparmtfr' Il m jmcc tf ==2 is kmà futsià toa jfvarmha rmgha fl usars

28ottp4&&www'mjkm'hfv'mu&wabwr&Vmssats&kmig&cib:=>


24/53

2=

ofst gatwfre# toag toa jmcc tf AJZ wicc ba jmrria` torfuho mctargmtiva

HZK gatwfre il fga is ig rmgha' ==2 jmccs jmg ba kmà lrfk m kfbica

omg`sat avag il toa kfbica is cfjea`' Jmcc tf AJZ is mccfwa` lrfk m

HZK pofga avag il it `fas gft omva ZIK but JCI lfr sujo jmccs jmggft

ba fbtmiga` mg` toasa jmccs omva hivag kujo risa tf mjjiàgtmc fr

ofmx jmccs'

2'21 @ua tf igjramsa ig toa gukbar fl Ofmx fr kmcijifus jmccs fg AJZ

bajmusa fl mjjiàgtmc prassigh fl ìhits lrfk kfbica pofgas# MJKM

oms suhhasta` usigh Rajfrà` \fija Mggfugjakagts woara axtrm

ìhits mra ìmca` mltar tripca zarf'

2'2>9C>082>

29ottp4&&www'mjkm'hfv'mu&sjripts&gj'`cc6XAB&ZPMG@MR@&=>>=&pj;^JV=


25/53

22

2'28 KARZ /Kmcmysimg Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zarvija) 999 is mg igtahrmta`

systak tf mutfkmta akarhagjy jmcc tmeigh mg` ìspmtjoigh vim m

sighca gukbar 999' KARZ 999 jfgsfci`mtas sarvijas lrfk 1 fl

Kmcmysims jfra ûbcij Zmlaty mg` Akarhagjy Mhagjias viz' ^fcija# Lira

mg` Rasjua# Ofspitmcs# Jivic @alagsa mg` Kmcmysim Kmritika

Aglfrjakagt Mhagjy fg m sighca pcmtlfrk' KARZ 999 systak jmg ba

usa` fgcy ig jmsa fl akarhagjias'

2'2? PACAEFK KMCMYZIM /PK) is raspfgsibca lfr toa jramtifg mg`

kmigtagmgja fl KARZ 999 mg` kmigtmigs toraa akarhagjy raspfgsa

jagtars ig Kmcmysim lfr KARZ 999' Pwf Raspfgsa Jagtars mt Eumcm

Cukpur mg` Kacmem mra raspfgsibca lfr omg`cigh akarhagjy jmccs lfr

pagigsucmr Kmcmysim woarams Raspfgsa Jagtar mt Eujoigh omg`cas

999 jmccs lfr rahifgs Zmbmo mg` Zmrmwme' 999 Raspfgsa Jagtar

/^ZM^) mjjapts# varily# lictar# mgmcyza mg` trmgslar akarhagjy jmccs tf

racavmgt mhagjy' KARZ /999) systak is aquippa` wito jfkpfgagts

sujo ms Jfkputar+Mssista` @acivary /JM@ )# Hafhrmpoij Iglfrkmtifg

Zystak /HIZ)# Kaìmtfr ôfga + Jfkputar / Jfkputar Pacapofga

Igtarlmja + JPI )# \fija Rajfràr ms wacc ms Kaìjmc Axpart Zystak'

2'29 Zikicmr tf 9== systak ig QZM# mg Mutfkmtij Cfjmtifg @mtmbmsa /MCI)

is kmigtmiga` by PACAJFK KMCMYZIM lfr toa mssistmgja fl

ìspmtjoars mt Raspfgsa Jagtars' MCI `mtmbmsa wfres ig tmgàk wito

HIZ' @mtm tf tois `mtmbmsa is prfvià` by mppcijmtifg sarvija prfviàrs

fg jmcc by jmcc bmsis ig toa lfrkmts prasjriba` by Kmcmysimg

Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` Kuctikaìm Jfkkissifg /KJKJ)' MCI @mtmbmsa

ìspcmys toa gmka mg` m``rass fl toa jmccar' Lfr kfbica jmccars it

ìspcmys fg toa ìhitmc kmp toa cfjmtifg fl toa jmccar tf toa gamrast

bmsa stmtifgs'

2':> KARZ 999 rugs fg hfvargkagt mccfjmta` lug`s ms akarhagjias mra

tramta` ms toa kmttar fl gmtifgmc igtarast ig Kmcmysim' Ofwavar ftoar


26/53

2:

sarvija prfviàrs omva mrrmghakagts wito PACAEFK KMCMYZIM sf

tomt akarhagjy jmccs mra allajtivacy lfrwmrà` tf akarhagjy raspfgsa

jagtars' Avary sarvija prfviàr fl Kmcmysim is kmg`mta` by toa

ìrajtifg fl Kmcmysimg Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` Kuctikaìm Jfkkissifg

/KJKJ) tf prfvià akarhagjy jmccs tf toair subsjribars lraa fl jfst'

Zarvija ^rfviàrs mcsf omva tf kmea mrrmghakagts wito ftoar sarvija

prfviàrs ig jmsa its gatwfre jmggft àcivar toa akarhagjy jmccs tf toa

akarhagjy raspfgsa jagtars' Akarhagjy jmccs omva prifrity fvar ftoar

jmccs' Gatwfre sarvija prfviàrs mg` mppcijmtifg sarvija prfviàrs bamr

toair fwg jfst fl tarkigmtigh jmccs tf toa akarhagjy raspfgsa jagtars'

Eay ârlfrkmgja Igìjmtfrs lfr Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Jagtar ms

prasjriba` by KJKJ mra /i) 9>! fl mcc akarhagjy jmccs somcc ba

mgswara` by akarhagjy jmcc ìspmtjoar witoig => sajfg`s# /ii) =>>! fl

mcc akarhagjy jmccs somcc ba mgswara` by akarhagjy jmcc ìspmtjoar ig

gft kfra tomg 2> sajfg`s mg` /iii) ig mgy fga ofur# gft kfra tomg =!

fl akarhagjy jmccs sofuc` agjfugtar busy sihgmc' Poa àsihgmta`

akarhagjy raspfgsa jagtars sofuc` gft ìsjcfsa toa jmccarsiglfrkmtifg ftoar tomg tf akarhagjy sarvija frhmgizmtifgs'

2':= Ig Kmcmysim# jmccs tf akarhagjy raspfgsa jagtars jmg ba kmà lrfk m

suspagà` pofga mjjfugt fr lrfk kfbica pofgas omvigh gf ZIK' Ms

par sajtifg 2:: fl Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` Kuctikaìm Mjt# =99?# mgy

parsfg lfug` huicty ig kmeigh Ofmx jmccs fr lmea jmccs tf KARZ 999

systak jmg ba liga` wito m pagmcty fl 1>#>>>RK /mpprfxikmta Rs'

?#82#9>>) fr jmg ba sagtagja` tf = yamr ikprisfgkagt fr bfto':>

:>ottp4&&www'ksj'jfk'ky&jybarcmws&MJP!2>1??!2>!2>Jfkkugijmtifgs!2>mg`!2>Kuctikaìm!2>Mjt!+

2>=99?&m>1??s>2::'otk


27/53

20

Harkmgy4+

Zighca Gukbar Zystak Qsa`4 + ==25

Zajfg`mry gukbars Qsa`4 + ==> /^fcija)'

2':2 ==2 is toa jfkkfg akarhagjy tacapofga gukbar tomt jmg ba ìmca`

lraa fl jomrha lrfk mgy tacapofga fr mgy kfbica pofga ig fràr tf

ramjo akarhagjy sarvijas /Mkbucmgjas# Lira , Rasjua Zarvija mg` toa

^fcija) ig Harkmgy'

2':: Xoag m jmcc tf ==2 akarhagjy sarvija is kmà# toa jmcc is rfuta` tf

^ZM^ woijo is kmgmha` by Jfkpatagt Ztmta Mutofritias fr Cfjmc

mutofritias ig Harkmgy' Jmccar Cfjmtifg Iglfrkmtifg lfr lixa` jmccs fr

kfbica jmccs is prfvià` by tacajfk sarvija prfviàr usigh toair

gatwfreigh fr sihgmcigh jmpmbicitias' Poa AQ @irajtiva A==2 /2>>:)

raquiras kfbica pofga gatwfres tf prfvià akarhagjy sarvijas wito

womtavar iglfrkmtifg toay omva mbfut toa cfjmtifg lrfk woara m

kfbica jmcc wms kmà' Poag toasa ^ZM^s iglfrk toa akarhagjy sarvija

frhmgizmtifgs /pfcija# lira mg` mkbucmgja) woijo ìspmtjo toair ugits

tf toa rasjua mrams' ^ZM^s mcsf prfvià kucticighumc suppfrt tf jmccars

wof `f gft spame Aghciso' Jmccs tf ==2 akarhagjy sarvija is mccfwa`

fg m ìsjfggajta` lixa` jfggajtifgs but gft mccfwa` lrfk m kfbica

pofga omvigh gf ZIK' Ofwavar jmccs lrfk kfbica pofgas tf ==2

akarhagjy sarvija mra mccfwa` lrfk ftoar sarvija prfviàr gatwfre il

ofsts kfbica gatwfre is gft mvmicmbca':=

2':0 Gaxt Hagarmtifg ==2 ikpcakagtmtifg is ig toa pipaciga tf agmbca

jitizags tf ramjo mg mutofrity /a'h'# ^ZM^) by jmccs usigh \fI^# taxt

kassmhigh# igstmgt kassmhigh# ramc+tika taxt# pijturas mg` viàfs'

GH==2 agmbcas toa àcivary fl jmccs# kassmhas mg` `mtm tf toa

:=ottp4&&aj'aurfpm'au&iglfrkmtifgVsfjiaty&mjtivitias&==2&ks&à&igàxVag'otk


28/53

21

mpprfprimta ûbcij Zmlaty Mgswarigh ^figt /^ZM^) mg` ftoar

mpprfprimta akarhagjy agtitias mg` kmeas jmcc omg`cigh amsiar' Poara

is prfvisifg fl pagmc mjtifgs lfr hivigh lmea jmccs fr Ofmx jmccs tf ==2

sarvija ig Harkmgy':2

ôicippigas

Zighca Gukbar systak usa`4 + ==8'

Zajfg`mry Gukbar usa`4 + 9== , ==2 /lfr kfbica jmccs)'

2':1 ==8 is toa gmtifgmc akarhagjy tacapofga gukbar lfr toa ôicippigas'

It is kmgmha` by toa @apmrtkagt fl toa Igtarifr mg` Cfjmc

Hfvargkagt /@ICH) mg` is mcsf ralarra` tf by its fllijimc gmka#

Akarhagjy Gatwfre ôicippigas /AG^)' @apagìgh fg toa cfjmtifg fl

toa jmccar# m ==8 jmcc wicc rfuta tf mgy fl toa sixtaag ==8 jmcc jagtars

cfjmta` ig vmrifus jitias ig toa jfugtry' Xoag m ==8 jmcc is kmà lrfk

m kfbica pofga# toa jmcc is mutfkmtijmccy rfuta` tf toa gamrast ==8

jmcc jagtar' ==8 akarhagjy sarvija is agtiracy lugà` by Hfvargkagt

fl ôicippigas mg` privmta tacajfk sarvija prfviàrs mra igvita` fg

vfcugtmry bmsis' Poara is m prfvisifg fl pagmcty mg` ikprisfgkagt fl

=1 `mys tf < kfgtos lfr iccahitikmta usa fl ==8 akarhagjy sarvija ig

ôicippigas'::

:2ottp4&&aj'aurfpm'au&iglfrkmtifgVsfjiaty&mjtivitias&==2&`fjs&jfjfk2>=2'p`l

::ottp4&&www'sagmta'hfv'po&cis`mtm&=>-'p`l


29/53

2>::0' It oms prfvisifg lfr vmrifus mjjass

gukbars sujo ms =>>/^fcija)# =>=/Lira)# =>2/Mkbucmgja) , =>?

/Akarhagjy @ismstar Kmgmhakagt)' Poasa mra kmg`mtfry sarvijas tomt

mra tf ba prfvià` by mcc tacajfk sarvija prfviàrs lraa fl jfst tf toair

subsjribars' Gmtifgmc gukbarigh pcmg /GG^) 2>>:# cists mcc mjjass

gukbars ig =+cavac sarias# kfst fl woijo àmc wito sfka sfrt fl

akarhagjy fr ftoar'

:'1 Ms ìsjussa` amrciar# axistagja fl ìllaragt gukbars lfr vmrifus

akarhagjy raspfgsa systaks jramtas jfglusifg mkfghst usars' Kfrafvar#

it is mcsf ìllijuct tf rakakbar sf kmgy gukbars ùrigh mg akarhagjy'

Mgftoar `rmwbmje ig toa prasagt systak is tomt sfkatikas ig mg

akarhagjy situmtifg# kuctipca mhagjias mra raquira` tf ba jfgtmjta`' It

raquiras m jitizag tf ìmc jfgtmjt gukbars fl vmrifus mhagjias mg`

axpcmig toa smka situmtifg tf amjo fl toak rasuctigh ig àcmy ig hattigh

oacp# woarams toa situmtifg wmrrmgts igstmgt raspfgsa' Oagja toara is m

raquirakagt fl sighca gukbar bmsa` igtahrmta` akarhagjy

jfkkugijmtifg , raspfgsa systak ig Igìm' Ofwavar# toa quastifg tomt

mrisas is womt sofuc` ba tomt sighca gukbar6

:'>> fr 999 igjramsas toa jomgjas fl

wrfgh ìmcigh fg puso+ buttfg tacapofgas fr kfbica pofgas' Ofwavar

:0ottp4&&`ft'hfv'ig&gukbarighVpcmg&gukbarpcmgigàx'otk


32/53

29

toara is gf lixa` jfgvagtifg lfr sacajtigh sighca gukbar lfr akarhagjy

sarvija frhmgizmtifgs' Ms m rasuct# ìllaragt gukbars mra baigh usa` tf

mjjass akarhagjy raspfg` oacp cigas ig ìllaragt jfugtrias ms àpijta`

bacfw +

Zfurja + ottp4&&www'9==ìspmtjo'jfk&9==&9==Vwfrc`'otkc

:'8 Axjapt lfr toa gukbar ==2# woijo is m HZK stmg`mr`# toara oms gftbaag mgy gukbar tomt oms baag lixa` by mgy stmg`mr` kmeigh bfìas fr

IPQ lfr usa# ig jmsa fl akarhagjias' IPQ om` jfka fut wito its

rajfkkag`mtifgs A'=


33/53

:>

Ztmtas wof mra ig toa prfjass fl sacajtigh m sighca akarhagjy gukbar lfr

toa lirst tika fr sacajtigh m sajfg`mry mctargmtiva akarhagjy gukbar lfr

pubcij tacajfkkugijmtifgs gatwfres' Ig toa Xfrc` Jfglaragja fg

Igtargmtifgmc Pacajfkkugijmtifgs /XJIP=2)# oac` rajagtcy ig @ubmi lrfk

:r` tf =0to @aj 2>=2# m gaw Rasfcutifg:< wms tmbca` igvitigh toa Kakbar

Ztmtas tf igtrfùja# ig m`ìtifg tf toair axistigh gmtifgmc akarhagjy

gukbars# m hcfbmccy omrkfgiza` gmtifgmc gukbar lfr mjjass tf

akarhagjy sarvijas'

:'? Ig Igìm# gukbar =>> woijo is rasarva` lfr jmccigh ^fcija sarvijas is vary

pfpucmr' Pois kmeas =>> m suitmbca jmgì`mta lfr toa jofija fl sighca

gukbar lfr IAJRZ' Ofwavar# =>? Akarhagjy sarvija kmgmha` by AKRI

/Akarhagjy Kmgmhakagt mg` Rasamrjo Igstituta) mjrfss kfra tomg tag

stmtas is bajfkigh pfpucmr ms mg akarhagjy raspfgsa systak' AKRIs

=>? Mkbucmgja Zarvija is m ûbcij ^rivmta ^mrtgarsoip kfàc batwaag

stmta hfvargkagts mg` Akarhagjy Kmgmhakagt mg` Rasamrjo Igstituta

/AKRI)' Jmcc tf toa gukbar =>? is m tfcc lraa sarvija /ig cfjmc mram)

mjjassibca lrfk cmg`ciga fr kfbica':8

:'9 Ig m`ìtifg tf m prikmry akarhagjy raspfgsa gukbar# m sajfg`mry

akarhagjy raspfgsa gukbar mcsf axists ig sfka jfugtrias a'h' ==2 ig

QE /ig m`ìtifg tf 999)# ==2 ig Mustrmcim /ig m`ìtifg tf >>>)' Jmccs

lrfk tois gukbar mra mhmig rfuta` tf prikmry raspfgsa gukbars ig toasa

jfugtrias' Pofuho prasagja fl sajfg`mry akarhagjy gukbar jmg jramta

jfglusifg but ig jfugtrias woara toara axists kuctipca gukbars5 bajmusa

toa akarhagjy gukbar wms ìllaragt amrciar mg` wms subsaquagtcy

jomgha`# pafpca sticc rakakbar toak mg` usa toak ig jmsa fl

Zacajtifg fl m sajfg` mctargmtiva Akarhagjy Gukbar + M Kakbar Ztmta tomt is pcmggigh tf igtrfùja m sajfg`

mctargmtiva akarhagjy gukbar jfuc` usa aitoar ==2 fr 9==# fr bfto# woijo sofuc` ba rfuta` tf toa axistigh

akarhagjy gukbar' M sajfg` mctargmtiva akarhagjy gukbar lmjicitmtas lfr axmkpca akarhagjy jmccigh by trmvacars

visitigh toa jfugtry'

:=&=>2 atj' Poaralfra# it mppamrs ramsfgmbca tf jfgtigua

wito prasagt akarhagjy gukbars mcsf ms sajfg`mry akarhagjy gukbars

mg` ra+rfuta toa jmccs kmà tf toasa gukbars tf prikmry akarhagjy

gukbar' Ms kagtifga` ig prajaìgh pmrmhrmpos# avag IPQ rajfkkag`s

usa fl sajfg`mry akarhagjy gukbars'

Issuas lfr jfgsuctmtifg4 +

]2 Xomt ugivarsmc gukbar /a'h' =>>#=>? atj) sofuc` ba mssihga` lfr toa

Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg Mg` Raspfgsa Zystak ig

Igìm6

]: Zofuc` toara ba prikmry & sajfg`mry mjjass gukbars àliga` lfr toa

Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg Mg` Raspfgsa Zystak ig

Igìm6 Il yas# womt sofuc` toasa gukbars ba6

Issuas igvfcva` ig trmgslar fl Jmccar iàgtilijmtifg mg`

kmigtmigigh subsjribar `mtmbmsa

:'=> Ms oms baag kagtifga` amrciar# fga fl toa kfst ikpfrtmgt lamturas fl toa

stmta fl mrt IAJRZ is tomt fl trmgslar fl iàgtilijmtifg mg` cfjmtifg fl toa

jmccar ig ramc tika' Prmgslar fl mjjurmta cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg vim mg

mutfkmta` prfjass cigea` tf toa jfkkugijmtifg gatwfre usa` by toa

jmccar is assagtimc lfr mg allijiagt mg` prfkpt raspfgsa# ms toa mvmicmbicity

fl jmccar cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg agmbcas ìspmtjoigh toa rihot akarhagjy

rasfurjas mg` raùjtifg ig àcmy' Mutfkmtij prfvisifg fl jmccar cfjmtifg


35/53

:2

is mcsf cieacy tf omva m wacjfka pfsitiva ikpmjt fg toa raùjtifg fl lmcsa

akarhagjy jmccs'

:'== Bfto ig jmsa fl kfbica mg` cmg`ciga pofgas# toa Jmccigh Ciga

Iàgtilijmtifg /JCI) gaa` tf ba trmgslarra` tf toa ^ZM^' Zigja toa jmccar

jmg ba m subsjribar fl mgy fl toa fparmtfrs# toa ^ZM^ sofuc` omva mjjass

tf m `mtmbmsa lrfk woara it jmg hat toa jraàgtimcs fl toa jmccar viz' toa

tacapofga gukbar mg` m``rass bmsa` fg toa JCI'

:'=2 ^rasagtcy# bfto wiraciga mg` wiracass sarvija prfviàrs kmigtmig m

`mtmbmsa fl toair subsjribars woijo jfgtmigs toa tacapofga gukbar fl

toa subsjribar mg` ois m``rass' Ofwavar# amjo sarvija prfviàr oms its

fwg `mtmbmsa mg` prfbmbcy wfuc` gft ciea tf somra toa smka wito ftoar

sarvija prfviàrs fg toa prataxt fl busigass jfgliàgtimcity' Poaralfra#

mspajts tomt gaa` tf ba jfgsiàra` woica jramtigh toa lrmkawfre lfr

IAJRZ mra4 +

i' Jagtrmcizmtifg fr @ajagtrmcizmtifg4 + Ms amjo sarvija prfviàr

kmigtmigs its fwg `mtmbmsa# it gaa`s tf ba àjià` woatoar toa

^ZM^s fr m toir` pmrty wicc kmigtmig m jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa omvigh

iglfrkmtifg rajaiva` lrfk mcc toa igìviùmc `mtmbmsas fl toa

sarvija prfviàrs fr toa ^ZM^s wicc quary toa jfgjarga` `mtmbmsas

woagavar raquira`' Ig toa cmttar jmsa# amjo ^ZM^ wicc gaa`

jfggajtivity wito mcc toa igìviùmc `mtmbmsas mjrfss toa jfugtry#

woijo kmy agtmic jfgsiàrmbca axpagsas' Ig jmsa it is àjià` tf

omva m jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa# m toir` pmrty /ms oms baag `fga lfr

Kfbica Gukbar ^frtmbicity) fr fga fl toa wiraciga sarvija prfviàr

jmg ba agtrusta` wito toa tmse fl kmigtmigigh toa `mtmbmsa' Ig

sfka jfugtrias toara is m jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa woijo rajaivas its

igput lrfk `mtmbmsas fl ftoar sarvija prfviàrs mg` tois `mtmbmsa

is kmigtmiga` by m ^ZPG sarvija prfviàr ciea Pacstrm ig Mustrmcim#

Pacaefk Kmcmysim ig Kmcmysim fr Pacajfk ig Gaw Tamcmg`' Ig


36/53

::

Zwaàg# toa akarhagjy sarvija fparmtifg ms wacc ms up`mtigh fl

`mtmbmsa is jfgtrmjta` tf ZFZ Mcmrk'

ii' Mjjass tf toa `mtmbmsa4 + Pois wfuc` raquira m quary tf ba sagt tf

toa `mtmbmsa avary tika m jmcc is rajaiva`' Pwf ìllaragt katof`s

mra usa` lfr toa prfvisifg fl jmccar cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg' Ig ûso

kajomgisk# toa cfjmtifg fl jmccar is rajaiva` by toa ^ZM^ mcfgh

wito toa jmcc' Poaralfra# jmccar cfjmtifg iàgtilijmtifg is mvmicmbca tf

toa ^ZM^s mutfkmtijmccy wito avary akarhagjy jmcc mg` is mvmicmbca

witofut àcmy' Ig ûcc kajomgisk# akarhagjy jmcc fparmtfr mses

lfr jmccar cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg il gaaà` torfuho mg acajtrfgij

raquast tf m `mtmbmsa fr by kmeigh m varbmc raquast tf toa

jfgjarga` tacajfk fparmtfr'

iii' Mjjurmjy fl @mtm4 + Rahucmr , parifìj up`mta fl `mtmbmsa is fl

pmrmkfugt ikpfrtmgja' Ig sfka jfugtrias# `mtmbmsa is up`mta`

`micy mg` ig sfka jfugtrias it is up`mta` twija m kfgto fr fgja ig

m kfgto' Kfrafvar# lfr igtarfparmbca mg` samkcassjfkkugijmtifgs# `mtmbmsa& `mtmbmsas sofuc` ba kmigtmiga` ig m

stmg`mr` lfrkmt mg` gukbars woijo mra pfrta` sofuc` mcsf ba

igjcuà` ig toa `mtmbmsa'

:'=: Mg ikpfrtmgt mspajt tomt gaa`s tf ba tmeag jmra fl is kmigtagmgja fl

jfgliàgtimcity fl toa usar `mtm mg` cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg' Poa mhagjias

tomt wicc jfccajt fr hat toa parsfgmc iglfrkmtifg ciea jfgtmjt àtmics mg`cfjmtifg wicc omva tf ba ralrmiga` lrfk usigh tois parsfgmc iglfrkmtifg' Ig

tois rahmr`# cmws ig QZM mg` Jmgm`m kmg`mta tomt Jmccar Cfjmtifg

Iglfrkmtifg fr usar `mtm sofuc` ba usa` by akarhagjy sarvijas fr

tacajfk fparmtfrs prfviìgh JCI fgcy ig jmsa fl akarhagjy mg` tomt tois

`mtm jmg ba usa` by mutofriza` parsfgs fgcy' Ig mgy ftoar jmsa# m writtag

parkissifg is raquira` lrfk toa àsira` parsfg tf usa ois jmccar cfjmtifg


37/53

:0

iglfrkmtifg' Ig sfka jfugtrias woara twf tiara` ^ZM^ wfres# jmccar

cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg is pusoa` tf fga ^ZM^ fgcy mg` toa ftoar ^ZM^ oms

tf fbtmig toa smka lrfk toa jmccar fr lirst ^ZM^'


]0 Lfr ikpcakagtigh sighca gukbar bmsa` Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy

Jfkkugijmtifg mg` Raspfgsa Zystak ig Igìm# sofuc` toa `mtmbmsa

wito iglfrkmtifg fl tacapofga usars ba kmigtmiga` by toa igìviùmc

sarvija prfviàrs fr sofuc` toara ba m jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa6

]1 Ig jmsa fl jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa woijo mhagjy/fga fl toa àsihgmta`

tacajfk sarvija prfviàr# m Jagtrmc Hfvargkagt àpmrtkagt fr m

àsihgmta` toir` pmrty) sofuc` ba raspfgsibca lfr kmigtmigigh toa

`mtmbmsa6

Cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg ig jmsa fl kfbica usars

:'=0 Ms lmr ms jmccs lrfk kfbica pofgas mra jfgjarga`# ms toa jmccar is kfvigh#

pig+pfigtigh toa jmccars axmjt cfjmtifg is m kmdfr jomccagha' Ofwavar#

àpagìgh fg toa mvmicmbca tajogfcfhy# sarvija prfviàrs jmg iàgtily toa

cfjmtifg fl m jmccar fg toa bmsis fl Jacc+I@ fr Zajtfr+I@' Poa Jacc I@ is toa

iàgtity gukbar mssfjimta` wito m jacc# woijo is àsihgmta` by toa

gatwfre fparmtfr' Poa fparmtfr egfws toa jf+frìgmtas fl amjo jacc sita

mg` jmg toaralfra prfvià toa mpprfxikmta pfsitifg fl toa jfgjarga`

kfbica' Ofwavar# Jacc I@ pfsitifgigh jfgsiàrs toa cfjmtifg fl toa bmsa

stmtifg tf ba toa cfjmtifg fl toa jmccar' Poaralfra# mjjurmjy fl tois katof`

àpag`s tf m cmrha axtagt# fg toa siza fl toa jacc# woijo jmg vmry lrfk m

law katars ig urbmg cfjmtifgs tf => tf 2> Eks aspajimccy ig lcmt

jfugtrysià fr gamr wmtar surlmjas' Pwf tajogfcfhias + jacc sita

trimghucmtifg mg` H^Z + omva toa pftagtimc tf prfvià kfra mjjurmta


38/53

:1

jmccar cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg tf Akarhagjy Zarvija ^rfviàrs' Jacc+

trimghucmtifg àtarkigas toa cfjmtifg fl m jmccar fg toa bmsis fl sihgmc

straghtos rajaiva` lrfk toraa BPZ tfwars ig toa prfxikity' Hcfbmc

^fsitifgigh Zystak /H^Z) usas rmìf sihgmcs lrfk smtaccitas' Jacc sita

trimghucmtifg is gft quita ms mjjurmta ms H^Z# aspajimccy ig rurmc mrams

woara àgsity fl jacc pofga tfwars is jurragtcy quita cfw' But tois

katof` is jfkpmrmtivacy cass axpagsiva mg` jmg cfjmta m jmcc avag igsià

buicìghs' Fg toa ftoar omg`# H^Z usas gatwfre rasfurjas mg` smtaccitas

tf àtarkiga toa cfjmtifg fl toa kfbica' Poaralfra# m H^Z rajaivar jmg

lig` toa cfjmtifg fl m kfvigh jmccar kfra mjjurmtacy mg` kfra prajisacy

tomg mgy ftoar tajogfcfhias' Ofwavar# toara mra jomccaghas ig H^Z

systaks viz' ig pffr gatwfre&sihgmc jfgìtifgs fr ig jitias wito kuci+

stfrias woara sihgmcs lrfk m H^Z rajaivar lmjas kuctipmto prfpmhmtifg'

Lurtoar# jfst fl m H^Z joip mg` smtaccita sarvijas mra jfkpmrmtivacy

oihoar'

:'=1 H^Z jmpmbca omg`sats mra jmpmbca fl trmgslarrigh vary mjjurmta cfjmtifg

iglfrkmtifg tomt kmy omva mvarmha mjjurmjy fl avag => katars' But lfr

ftoar kfbica usars toa mvarmha cfjmtifg mjjurmjy kmy ba kujo cfwar' Pf

tmjeca tois prfbcak# sfka jfugtrias omva àliga` Eay parlfrkmgja

igìjmtfrs /EÎs) lfr toa cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg mjjurmjy tomt toa tacajfk

sarvija prfviàr sofuc` prfvià' Lfr axmkpca ig QZM EÎs lfr gatwfre+

bmsa` cfjmtifg sfcutifgs kmg`mta =>> katars mjjurmjy lfr > katars mjjurmjy lfr 91 parjagt fl jmccs' Zikicmrcy lfr

omg`sat+bmsa` cfjmtifg sfcutifgs 1> katars mjjurmjy lfr katars mjjurmjy lfr 91 parjagt fl jmccs is kmg`mta`'

:'=


39/53

:


]== Ofw tf buic` raùg`mgjy ig fparmtifgs fl Jagtrmciza` raspfgsajagtars fr ^ZM^s ms toay kmy ba vucgarmbca tf mttmje bfto

ôysijmc mg` Mppcijmtifg sfltwmra racmta` /\irus# Kmcwmra#

àgimc fl sarvija# omjeigh) fr tf Gatwfre lmicuras fr Jfghastifg

i'a' Jmcc Fvarcfm`6

]=2 Zofuc` mcc toa jmccs kmà tf ugivarsmc akarhagjy gukbar ba

prifritiza` fvar gfrkmc jmccs6 ^camsa dustily yfur mgswar'

]=: Xomt cahmc&pagmc prfvisifgs sofuc` ba kmà tf àmc wito toa

prfbcak fl Ofmx fr lmea jmccs tf akarhagjy gukbars6

Lugìgh fl IAJRZ

:'22 Ms ìsjussa` amrciar# ikpcakagtmtifg mg` kmigtagmgja fl gajassmry

iglrmstrujtura lfr stmta fl mrt IAJRZ ig Igìm wfuc` ba prikmricy toa

raspfgsibicity fl toa raspajtiva stmta hfvargkagts' Ofwavar# lfr sattigh

up toa tacajfkkugijmtifg gatwfre mcfghwito toa `mtmbmsas lfr m``rass

mg` cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg mg` sagìgh toa smka ig ramc tika# toa Pacajfk

Zarvija ^rfviàrs wicc ba raquira` tf igjur m`ìtifgmc Jmpitmc Axpagìtura

/Jmpax) lfr lamtura ikpcakagtmtifg& Gatwfre Jmpmbicity agomgjakagt

mg` rajurrigh fparmtifg axpagsas /Fpax)'

:'2: ^rfvisifg fl Jmpax&Fpax tf akarhagjy raspfgsa systak ìllars lrfk

jfugtry tf jfugtry' Ig QZM mg` Jmgm`m toara is ag` usar surjomrha

woijo is cavia` fg toa subsjribars ig toair kfgtocy biccs' Ig QZM fr

Jmgm`m ^ZM^s mra kmigtmiga` by cfjmc kugijipmcitias fr jfugtias oagja

toasa usar jomrhas mra somra` wito toasa mhagjias' Ofwavar# ugciea

Igìm# toa QZM mg` Jmgm`m kmreats mra pra`fkigmgtcy pfst pmi`

gukbar kmreats' Igìm oms kfra tomg 91! prapmi` usars fl kfbica'


44/53

0=

Poaralfra# il sujo m laa is tf ba igtrfùja`# m kajomgisk lfr àùjtigh

sujo laas lrfk pra+pmi` justfkars gaa`s tf ba àliga`' Ig Mustrmcim mg`

Gaw Tamcmg`# ^ZM^s mra kmgmha` mg` fparmta` by toair igjukbagt

^ZPG prfviàr ciea Pacstrm mg` Pacajfk GT raspajtivacy' Poasa fparmtfrs

omva jfkkarjimc mhraakagts mg` igtarjfggajtifg mhraakagts wito ftoar

sarvija prfviàrs' Ig toasa jfugtrias ftoar sarvija prfviàrs mra

kmg`mta` by cmw tf prfvià akarhagjy sarvijas tf hagarmc pubcij'

Poaralfra toasa tacajfk sarvija prfviàrs pmy tf Pacstrm mg` Pacajfk GT'

Zfka lug`s mra mcsf prfvià` by Hfvargkagt' Jmccs tf akarhagjy

raspfgsa systak tf hagarmc pubcij mra mbsfcutacy lraa ig toasa jfugtrias'

Ig jfugtrias ciea ôicippigas mg` Kmcmysim# akarhagjy raspfgsa systak is

jfkpcatacy hfvargkagt lugà`'


]=0 Ofw sofuc` toa lugìgh raquirakagt ba kat lfr jfsts igvfcva` ig

ikpcakagtmtifg fl IAJRZ6 Zofuc` toa jfst ba agtiracy bfrga byJagtrmc&Ztmta Hfvargkagts fr mra toara ftoar pfssibca wmys tf kaat

toa lugìgh raquirakagts6

Ftoar tajogijmc mg` sfjimc fbcihmtifg racmta` issuas

:'20 Raspfgsa tika racmta` EÎs + Zfka jfugtrias omva mcsf igtrfùja`

raspfgsa tika racmta` eay parlfrkmgja igìjmtfrs lfr toa sarvijaprfviàrs fr ^ZM^s tf ikprfva qumcity fl omg`cigh akarhagjy jmccs' Lfr

axmkpca# ig Kmcmysim eay parlfrkmgja igìjmtfr lfr Akarhagjy Raspfgsa

Jagtar ms prasjriba` by Kmcmysimg Jfkkugijmtifg mg` Kuctikaìm

Jfkkissifg /KJKJ) is tomt 9>! fl mcc akarhagjy jmccs somcc ba

mgswara` by akarhagjy jmcc ìspmtjoar witoig => sajfg`s# =>>! fl mcc

akarhagjy jmccs somcc ba mgswara` by akarhagjy jmcc ìspmtjoar ig gft


45/53

02

kfra tomg 2> sajfg`s mg` ig mgy fga ofur# gft kfra tomg =! fl

akarhagjy jmccs sofuc` agjfugtar busy sihgmc'

:'21 Kmg`mtigh cmghumha trmgscmtifg sarvijas + Ig Igìm# ìllaragt cmghumhas

mra spfeag ig ìllaragt stmtas' Pois kmy pfsa prfbcak tf jmcc omg`car' Lfr

axmkpca# il m parsfg lrfk Emrgmtmem# wof `fas gft egfw mgy ftoar

cmghumha# visits Pmkic+Gmù mg` kmeas mg akarhagjy jmcc# it kmy ba

ìllijuct lfr ^ZM^ jmcc omg`car tf ugàrstmg` womt oa is tryigh tf

jfkkugijmta' Poaralfra igtarpratars mra raquira` tf ba prfvià` tf sujo

jmccars wof spame cmghumhas ftoar tomg toa cfjmc cmghumha' Pois prfbcak

is lmja` ig kmgy ftoar jfugtrias ms wacc' Ig Aurfpa# aitoar igtarpratar is

prfvià` fr jmcc is trmgslarra` tf m ^ZM^ woijo jmg omg`ca sujo jmccs' Ig

QZM# kfst ^ZM^ usa toir` pmrty jfglaragjigh sarvijas lfr cmghumha

trmgscmtifg lfr jmccs lrfk usars wof jmgt spame Aghciso' Cmghumha

trmgscmtifg sarvijas mra prfvià` by MP,P mg` mra usa` by ftoar sarvija

prfviàrs fg jomrhambca bmsis'

:'2


46/53

0:

fvar fl toa Akarhagjy Zarvija jmccs wicc hiva risa tf issuas tomt mra racmta`

tf igtarjfggajtivity mg` igtarjfggajtifg usmha jomrhas /IQJ) mkfghst

ìllaragt fparmtfrs' Ofwavar tois wfuc` àpag` fg toa kfàc m`fpta` lfr

ikpcakagtmtifg ig Igìm' Ms oms baag ìsjussa` ig pravifus sajtifgs# il m

kfgtocy usar surjomrha is mppcia` toag toa fparmtfrs jmg bicc mg` eaap m

jartmig parjagtmha fl toasa jomrhas' Il toa Mustrmcimg mpprfmjo is

lfccfwa`# woara toa ^ZM^s mra omg`ca` by jartmig àsihgmta` fparmtfrs#

jmccs lrfk mcc ftoar sarvija prfviàrs wicc ba omgà` fvar tf toasa

àsihgmta` fparmtfrs' Ig sujo m jmsa# toa ftoar sarvija prfviàrs wicc ba

raquira` tf pmy sfka IQJ tf toa àsihgmta` fparmtfrs'

:'2? Zapmrmta gukbar lfr akarhagjy mjjass lfr ìllaragtcy mbca parsfgs +

Mgftoar sfjimc fbcihmtifg racmta` issua is woatoar toara ba m sapmrmta

jfà lfr ìllaragtcy mbca parsfgs ciea àml mg` ùkb wof jmggft usa

vfija jmccs' Lfr axmkpca MJKM ig Mustrmcim oms jfka fut wito m

àtarkigmtifg tomt kmg`mtas usa fl gukbar =>


47/53

00

]=8 Ig yfur fpigifg# womt issuas racmta` tf igtarjfggajtivity mg` IQJ

kmy jfka up ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl IAJRZ ig Igìm6 Xomt mra toa

suhhasta` mpprfmjoas tf àmc wito toak6

]=? Zofuc` m sapmrmta akarhagjy gukbar lfr ìllaragtcy mbca parsfgs ba

kmg`mta` ig Igìm6 Ofw toa usa fl tois gukbar ba m`kigistara`6

]=9 Ig yfur fpigifg# mpmrt lrfk toa issuas ìsjussa` ig tois jfgsuctmtifg

pmpar# mra toara mgy ftoar tajogijmc# jfkkarjimc fr rahucmtfry

issuas tomt kmy ba igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl IAJRZ ig Igìm6

^camsa acmbfrmta'


48/53

01

JOM^PAR+0

ZQKKMRY FL IZZQAZ LFR JFGZQCPMPIFG

0'= Xomt mra toa typas fl akarhagjy sarvijas tomt sofuc` ba kmà

mvmicmbca torfuho sighca akarhagjy gukbar6

0'2 Xomt ugivarsmc gukbar /a'h' =>>#=>? atj) sofuc` ba mssihga`

lfr toa igtahrmta` akarhagjy jfkkugijmtifg mg` raspfgsa

systak ig Igìm6

0': Zofuc` toara ba prikmry & sajfg`mry mjjass gukbars àliga`

lfr toa igtahrmta` akarhagjy jfkkugijmtifg mg` raspfgsa

systak ig Igìm6 Il yas# womt sofuc` toasa gukbars ba6

0'0 Lfr ikpcakagtigh sighca gukbar bmsa` Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy

Jfkkugijmtifg mg` Raspfgsa Zystak ig Igìm# sofuc` toa

`mtmbmsa wito iglfrkmtifg fl tacapofga usars ba kmigtmiga` by

toa igìviùmc sarvija prfviàrs fr sofuc` toara ba m

jagtrmciza` mtmbmsa6

0'1 Ig jmsa fl jagtrmciza` `mtmbmsa woijo mhagjy/fga fl toa

àsihgmta` tacajfk sarvija prfviàr# m Jagtrmc Hfvargkagt

àpmrtkagt fr m àsihgmta` toir` pmrty) sofuc` ba raspfgsibca

lfr kmigtmigigh toa `mtmbmsa6

0'


49/53

0 Is it tajogijmccy pfssibca tf hat Cfjmtifg iglfrkmtifg ig jmsa fl

ZKZ fr `mtm bmsa` jmccs fg ramc tika bmsis6 Il yas# pcamsa

acmbfrmta toa prfjass mg` tajogijmc jomccaghas il mgy'

0'== Ofw tf buic` raùg`mgjy ig fparmtifgs fl Jagtrmciza` raspfgsa

jagtars fr ^ZM^s ms toay kmy ba vucgarmbca tf mttmje bfto

ôysijmc mg` Mppcijmtifg sfltwmra racmta` /\irus# Kmcwmra#

àgimc fl sarvija# omjeigh) fr tf Gatwfre lmicuras fr Jfghastifg

i'a' Jmcc Fvarcfm`6

0'=2 Zofuc` mcc toa jmccs kmà tf ugivarsmc akarhagjy gukbar ba

prifritiza` fvar gfrkmc jmccs6 ^camsa dustily yfur mgswar'

0'=: Xomt cahmc&pagmc prfvisifgs sofuc` ba kmà tf àmc wito toa

prfbcak fl Ofmx fr lmea jmccs tf akarhagjy gukbars6

0'=0 Ofw sofuc` toa lugìgh raquirakagt ba kat lfr jfsts igvfcva`

ig ikpcakagtmtifg fl IAJRZ6 Zofuc` toa jfst ba agtiracy

bfrga by Jagtrmc&Ztmta Hfvargkagts fr mra toara ftoar

pfssibca wmys tf kaat toa lugìgh raquirakagts6

0'=1 Zofuc` Eay ârlfrkmgja Igìjmtfrs /EÎs) racmta` tf raspfgsa

tika ba kmg`mta` lfr ^ZM^s6 Il yas# womt sofuc` ba toa EÎs6

^camsa dustily yfur suhhastifgs'

0'=


50/53

08

0'=? Zofuc` m sapmrmta akarhagjy gukbar lfr ìllaragtcy mbca

parsfgs ba kmg`mta` ig Igìm6 Ofw toa usa fl tois gukbar ba

m`kigistara`6

0'=9 Ig yfur fpigifg# mpmrt lrfk toa issuas ìsjussa` ig tois

jfgsuctmtifg pmpar# mra toara mgy ftoar tajogijmc# jfkkarjimc

fr rahucmtfry issuas tomt kmy ba igvfcva` ig ikpcakagtmtifg

fl IAJRZ ig Igìm6 ^camsa acmbfrmta'


51/53

0?

Cist fl Mbbravimtifgs Qsa`

MJA Mustrmcimg Jfkkugijmtifg Axjomgha Cikita`

MJKM Mustrmcimg Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` Kaìm Mutofrity

MIIKZ Mcc Igìm Igstituta fl Kaìjmc Zjiagja

MCI Mutfkmtij Cfjmtifg Iàgtilijmtifg

BZGC Bomrmt Zmgjomr Gihmk Cikita`

BPZ Bmsa Prmgsjaivar Ztmtifg

JM@ Jfkputar+mssista` @ispmtjo5 Jfkputar Mià` @ispmtjo

JMÂ_ Jmpitmc Axpagìtura

JMR@ Jfkkugijmtifgs , Rasfurja @apcfykagt

J@R Jmcc @mtm Rajfr`s

JCI Jmccigh Ciga Iàgtilijmtifg

JKPZ Jaccucmr Kfbica Pacajfk Zarvija

JZ^s Jaccucmr Zarvija ^rfviàrs

JRPJ Jmgmìmg Rmìf+tacavisifg mg` Pacajfkkugijmtifgs Jfkkissifg

JPI Jfkputar Pacapofga Igtarlmja

@ICH @apmrtkagt fl toa Igtarifr mg` Cfjmc Hfvargkagt

A9== Agomgja` 9==

AJCI^Z Agomgja` Jmccigh Ciga Iàgtilijmtifg rfjass Zystak

AJ^s Akarhagjy Jmcc ârsfgs

AJZ Akarhagjy Jmcc Zarvija

AKRI Akarhagjy Kmgmhakagt mg` Rasamrjo Igstituta

AG^ Akarhagjy Gatwfre oicippigas

ARZ Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zystak

AZJMB Akarhagjy Zarvijas Jmccigh M`visfry Bfmr`

AZF Akarhagjy Zarvija Frhmgizmtifgs


52/53

09

AQ Aurfpamg Qgifg

LJJ Laàrmc Jfkkugijmtifgs Jfkkissifg

HIZ Hafhrmpoijmc Iglfrkmtifg Zystak

HZK Hcfbmc Zystak lfr Kfbica Jfkkugijmtifgs

H^Z Hcfbmc ^fsitifgigh Zystak

IJM^ Igitimc Jmcc Mgswarigh ^cmtlfrk

IAJRZ Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg , Raspfgsa Zystak

IAJZ Igtahrmta` Akarhagjy Jfkkugijmtifg Zystak

IAAA Igstituta fl Acajtrijmc mg` Acajtrfgijs Aghigaars

I^G@ Igtahrmta` ubcij Gatwfre @mtmbmsa

IPQ Igtargmtifgmc Pacajfkkugijmtifg Qgifg

IQJ Igtarjfggajtivity mg` Igtarjfggajtifg Qsmha Jomrhas

EÎs Eay ârlfrkmgja Igìjmtfrs

CIGT Cmg` Iglfrkmtifg GT

KJKJ Kmcmysimg Jfkkugijmtifgs mg` Kuctikaìm Jfkkissifg

KARZ Kmcmysimg Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zarvija

KARZ 999 Kmcmysimg Akarhagjy Raspfgsa Zarvija 999

KZMH Kmstar Ztraat M``rass Huià

KPGC Kmomgmhmr Pacapofga Gihmk Cikita`

GMG^ Gfrto Mkarijmg Gukbarigh cmg

GH==2 Gaxt Hagarmtifg ==2

FLJFK Rahucmtfr fl QE Jfkkugijmtifgs

FÂ_ Fparmtifg Axpagsas

^ZM^ ûbcij Zmlaty Mgswarigh ^figt

^ZPG ûbcij Zwitjoa` Pacapofga Gatwfre

ZIK Zubsjribars Iàgtilijmtifg Kfùca

ZKZ Zofrt Kassmha Zarvija

ZKZM Ztmg`mrìza` Kfbica Zarvija Mram


53/53

PJL Pacajfkkugijmtifgs Jmrriars Lfruk

PAZM Pacajfkkugijmtifgs Akarhagjy Zarvijas M``rassas

PK PACAEFK KMCMYZIM

PRMI Pacajfk Rahucmtfry Mutofrity fl Ig`im

PPY Paca Pypa

QMZ Qgilia` Mjjass Zarvija

\fI^ \fija fvar Igtargat rftfjfc

XJIP =2 Xfrc` Jfglaragja fg Igtargmtifgmc Pacajfkkugijmtifgs =2