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CMAA
Italy – A Romp through the vineyards
of Tuscany
Presented by
Sharron McCarthy, CSW
A FAMILY STORY
Teodolinda Banfi Head of Vatican Household for Pope Pius XI 1922 - 1939
John Mariani Sr.Founded Banfi in 1919
Pope Pius XIFrom 1922 - 1939
John Mariani Sr., Wife Eva Mariani,
Children John, Harry and JoanCirca 1942
Third Generation
– James Mariani & Cristina Mariani-May
– Leading the family’s Estate Wines and Import Portfolio
– Stewards of Mission and Values
– Pioneers in the U.S. wine market
– John & Harry Mariani
– Founded Castello Banfi Estate in
1978
– John Mariani knighted by Italian
government – Caveliere del
Lavoro.
– Pioneers in the importation and
marketing of Italian, Chilean, Argentine, and Australian wines
Second GenerationA FAMILY STORY
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AGENDA
� Italian Facts
� Italian Wine Laws
� How Italian Wines are Named
� Grape Varieties
� Italian Wine Terms
� Regions - Tuscany
ITALY
ITALIAN FACTS
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• Wine has been produced in Italy for over 4,000 years
• Ancient Greeks dubbed it “Enotria” - land of wine
• Romans propagated the cult of Bacchus - establishing a
flourishing wine trade thousands of years ago
• Leading producer of wine in the world
• Thousands of different wines are produced in Italy’s 20 regions
• Hundreds of different grape varieties
DID YOU KNOW….
ITALIAN WINE FACTS
ITALIAN WINE LAWS
ITALIANWINE LAWS
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Vini Varietali & Vinoformerly Vino da Tavola
EEC = Varietal Wine or Wine/Vini Varietali or Vini
• Simplest wines
• On par with French Vin de Table/German Tafelwein
• Few government controls
• New EU rules allow for use of following grapes with Country of
Origin with/without vintage date:
- Cabernet - Merlot
- Cabernet Sauvignon - Syrah
- Cabernet Franc - Chardonnay
- Sauvignon
- Wine - Red, White, Rose
• Appellation was instituted in 1992
• Par with French Vin du Pays and German
Landwein
• Less restrictive than DOC
• Some examples - Toscana (not every region has
a general IGT), Maremma Toscana, Delle
Venezie (inter-region Veneto /Friuli-Venezia
Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige)
IGT/IGPIndication of Typical Geographic Origin
Over 100 wines from 18 regions - no IGT’s in Piedmont and Valle d'AostaEEC = PGI/IGP – Protected Geographic Indication/Indicazione Geografica Protetta
� 300 + wines from all 20 regionsEEC = PDO/DOP – Protected Denomination of
Origin/Denominazione di Origine Protetta
� Controlled areas of
� Regulates
• Geography
• Grapes
• Yields
• Some cases – ageing
DOC/DOPDenomination of Controlled Origin
Some examples – Barbera d’Alba, Alcamo, Salice
Salentino, Lambrusco Reggiano, Rosso di Montalcino
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EEC =PDO/DOP – Protected Denomination of Origin/
Denominazione di Origine Protetta
• Most Restrictive Category
• Further guarantee of authenticity
• No wine law can guarantee quality
• Lowest yields
DOCG/DOPDenomination of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin
74 Wines - only 15 regions
HOW ITALIAN WINESARE
NAMED
• Grape Variety - Lambrusco, Sangiovese, Trebbiano, etc. Usually in conjunction with an IGT or DOC
• Area/Zone of Production - Barolo, Chianti, Gavi, Valpolicella, etc.
• Grape Variety and Area/Zone - Brunello di Montalcino, Vernaccia di San Gimignano, Brachetto d’Acqui, etc.
• Fantasy /Proprietary Names - Excelsus, Sassicaia, Summus, Tignanello, etc. Usually designated as part of an IGT or DOC
Did you know….
How Italian Wines Are Named…
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HOW ITALIAN WINES ARE NAMED
Grape Variety•Lambrusco, Sangiovese, Trebbiano, etc.
HOW ITALIAN WINES ARE NAMED
Area/Zone of Production
• Barolo, Chianti, Gavi, Valpolicella, etc.
Grape Variety and Area/Zone
• Brunello di Montalcino, Vernaccia di San Gimignano, Brachetto d’Acqui, etc.
HOW ITALIAN WINES ARE NAMED
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Fantasy /Proprietary names
• ExcelsuS, Sassicaia, SummuS, Tignanello, BelnerO, etc.• All are now designated as part of an IGT or DOC
HOW ITALIAN WINES ARE NAMED
ITALIAN WINE TERMS
• ABBAZIA - abbey• ABBOCCATO - lightly sweet• ALBERELLO - refers to a free standing or staked
vine that looks like a bush• AMABILE - semi- sweet, off-dry
• AMARO - bitter
• AMARONE - means “bitter” as in Amarone dellaValpolicella to differentiate from the sweet dessert
recioto wines• ANNATA - vintage year
• ASSAGIO - tasting• AZIENDA Agricola - farm, estate• BARRIQUE - small barrel• BIANCO - white• BOTTIGLIA - bottle
• BOTTE - large cask or barrel• BRICCO - Piemontese term for crest of a hill
• BRUT - dry (sparkling wine)• CANTINA - winery or wine cellar
• CANTINE SOCIALE - wine cooperative• CASA VINICOLA - privately owned winery • CASTELLO - castle
• CANTINE SOCIALE or CANTINE COOPERTIVA - wineries owned by group of
members
• CERASUOLO - light red (cherry colored)
• CHIARETTO - pale red (rose')
• CLASSICO - historic or "classic" growing area of a
specific zone
• COLLE - hill COLLI - hills
• CONSORZIO - group of producers of a specific wine
• CORDONE - classic system of training vines onto wires - also known as spalliera
• D.O. - Denomination of Origin Laws passed by the Italian Government on 12 July 1963
• D.O.C. - Denomination of Controlled Origin
• D.O.C.G. - Denomination of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin
• DOLCE - sweet
• ENOTECA - wine library, public or commercial
• ETICHETTA - label
• FATTORIA - farm or estate
• FERMENTAZIONE - fermentation
Italian Wine Terms
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• FERMENTAZIONE NATURALE - natural CO2 in bubbly wine
• FIASCO - flask• FRIZZANTE - lightly sparkling
• I.G.T - Typical Geographic Origin Indication
• IMBOTTIGLIATA - bottled (all'origine - at the source)
• INVECCHIATO - aged
• LIQUOROSO - sweet wine usually fortified with alcohol
• METODO CHARMAT - sparkling wine produced by cuvee close or sealed tank
• METODO CLASSICO or TRADIZIONALE -Sparkling wine fermented in the bottle (Champagne method)
• MOSTO - must or grape juice• ORO - gold• PASSITO - wine made from semi-dried grapes• PERLANTE – pearl-like or with a light sparkle• PERGOLA - vine training using pole arms or arbors• POGGIO - hill.• RECIOTO - full tasting, sweet wine made from partly dried grapes
• RISERVA - wine which has been aged a longer, specified time than non-Riserva counterpart. Applies to DOC and DOCG
• ROSATO - rose’
• RONCO - Friuli term for terraced vineyard
• ROSSO - red wine
• SECCO - dry
• SORI - Piemontese word for the part of a slope best exposed to the midday sun
• SPUMANTE - sparkling wine, dry or sweet
• SUPERIORE - in DOC wines this indicates a higher level of alcohol or ageing and sometimes a special geographic origin
• TENDONE - system of high trellising the vines• TENUTA - farm or estate
• UVA - grape• VECCHIO - old (rarely used term)
• VENDEMMIA - harvest or vintage• VIGNA or VIGNETO - Vineyard
• VDT - VINO DA TAVOLA - table wine VIVACE - synonym for frizzante
• VSQ –Quality Sparkling wines• VSQA – Aromatic Quality Sparking wines
• VSQPRD – Sparkling wines produced in a determined region
Italian Wine Terms
GRAPE VARIETIES
Grecanico
Grechetto
Greco
Grillo
Inzolia
Malvasia
Moscato/ Moscadello
Muller Thurgau
Nasco
Nuragus
Picolit
Pagadebit (Bombino)
Pigato
Pinot Bianco
Pinot Grigio
Procanico
Ribolla Gialla
Riesling Italico
Riesling Renano
Sauvignon
Sylvaner
Torbato
Trebbiano
Verdeca
Verdello
Verduzzo
Vermentino
Vernaccia di Oristano
Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Zibibbo (Moscato)
Important White Wine GrapesAlbana
Arneis
Catarratto Bianco
Chardonnay
Coda di Volpe
Cortese
Damaschino
Drupeggio
Erbaluce
Falanghina
Favorita
Fiano
Friulano
Garganega
Gewürztraminer
Glera (formerly Prosecco)
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AglianicoAleatico
Barbera
BonardaBrachetto
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet FrancCanaiolo
Cannonau
CesaneseCorvina
Croatina
DolcettoFreisa
Gaglioppo
Gamay
GrignolinoLagrein
Lambrusco
LancellottaMalbec
Malvasia Nera
MammoloMarzemino
Merlot
MolinaraMontepulciano
Moscato Nero
NebbioloNegrara
Negro Amaro
NerelloNero d’Avola
PerriconePiedirosso
Pignolo
Pinot NeroPrimitivo
Refosco
RondinellaRossese
Ruche’
SagrantinoSangiovese
Syrah
Schioppettino (Ribolla Nera)Teroldego
Vernaccia di Serrapetrona
Important Red Grapes
WINE REGIONSOF
ITALY
TUSCANY
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TUSCANY OR TOSCANA
• Tuscany takes its name from the Etruscans
• Soils were formed millions of years ago leaving rich marine sediments
• Ideal climate
• Sharecropping or mezzadria system was in use through the 60’s.
• Chianti most famous of Tuscan wines
• Brunello the greatest
• Super Tuscans a category (with no official status) created in the 80’s and 90’s -includes both reds and whites
• DOCG’s – Brunello, Chianti, Chianti Classico, Vino Nobile, Carmignano Rosso,
Morellino di Scansano, Vernaccia di San Gimignano, Elba Aleatico Passito, Montecucco Sangiovese, Suvereto, Val di Cornia Rosso
• 2007 – 7th in production – 65% DOC/DOCG – 75% red
� Important Grapes
• White - Vernaccia, Malvasia, Trebbiano, Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio,
Riesling, Moscadello, Sauvignon, Vermentino, Grechetto
• Red - Sangiovese, Canaiolo, Mammolo, Colorino, Syrah, Cabernet,
Gamay, Malvasia Nera, Montepulciano, Pinot Nero
� Important Wines
• White - Vernaccia di San Gimignano, Moscadello di Montalcino,
Galestro
• Red - Brunello, Chianti, Vino Nobile, Carmignano, Morellino di
Scansano, Bolgheri Sassicaia, Rosso di Montalcino
• Whites and reds - Bolgheri, Elba, Parrina, Pomino, Sant’Antimo
TUSCANY OR TOSCANA
GRAPES of TUSCANYCanaiolo Nero
Ciliegiolo
Colorino
Malvasia
Mammolo
Masseretta
Moscadello
Sangiovese
Trebbiano
Vermentino
Vernaccia
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� Italy's flagship red grape variety.(10% of all Italian vineyards)
� Has many names (Brunello, Prugnolo Gentile, Morellino, among
others)� Sangiovese is of ancient origin
“Sanguis Jovis”
� Sangiovese is probably indigenous to Tuscany (Tuscany vs. Emilia Romagna)
� Typical Characteristics Elegant, fruity, earthinessCherries, plum, tobacco, spicefloral - violets, especially in Chianti
SANGIOVESE
Florence
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Settled since Etruscan times,
Montalcino’s ancient name
was Monte Ilcinus, after
the Holm Oak that grows
there. The oaks have covered
the hills and valleys from
prehistory to the present day
Montalcino
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Sant’Antimo
Castello Banfi is a family-owned vineyard estate and winery located in the Brunello region of Tuscany. This award-winning estate was founded on the philosophy of blending tradition with innovation, and is recognized as a pioneer in elevating the standards of Italian winemaking.Dedication to excellence has won the approval of aficionados the world over. Capturing honor after prestigious honor, Castello Banfi is a constellation of single vineyards encompassing over three dozen varying subsoils. The estate is renowned for its clonal research that allows noble grape varieties to thrive in their optimal terroir, creating not only a consistently outstanding Brunello, but the ultimate expression of Montalcino Super Tuscans.
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Results of the research and development of the estate are verified, communicated and shared both internally and with the greatercommunity. Castello Banfi is the first winery in the world to be awarded international recognition for exceptional environmental, ethical and social responsibility (ISO 14001 and SA8000) as well as an international leader in customer satisfaction (ISO 9001:2000). Banfi affirms the idea that not only individuals, but the business itself, must support ethical values as part of the definition of its responsible behavior.
The emblem and heart of the Estate: a Medieval Castle - with an unique
Museum of Glass, two Restaurants and a Wine Shop - visited every year by
more than 80.000 people from all over the world.
Winery
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• Evaluation of soil composition
• Evaluation of soil profiles
• Soil slope and vineyard location studies
• Vine density studies: circular vineyard
Soil and Zonation Studies
Former estate of Mastropaolo family (Poggio alle Mura)
1977 – 1984: Castello Banfi’s formation
HEIGHT
(350M)
MEDIUM BLEND AND DEEPER SOIL - MORE FLAVOURED
AND FULL BODIED WINES
HEIGHT
(200/350M)
SANDY, LIGHT AND DRY SOIL -MORE TANNIC
AND CONCENTRATED WINES
HEIGHT (150M)
CLAY, COMPACT SOIL ANDMILD TEMPERATURE - MORE ELEGANT WINES
29 soil types
THE SOIL: GEO-PEDOLOGIC MAP & CLASSIFICATION
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For more than a century, the Cecchi name has personified winemaking in the legendary region of Tuscany. Within Cecchi's deep-rooted Tuscan cellars,
tradition and innovation mature side-by-side barrel-by-barrel, to produce a brilliant portfolio of wines.
The Cecchi Family Estates comprise approximately 750 acres of vineyards, spread over four different areas of central Italy: Villa Cerna in Chianti Classico, Castello Montaúto in
San Gimignano, Val delle Rose in the Maremma Toscana and Tenuta Alzatura in Umbria. The common denominator of these lands is an affinity for the vine, which is also the starting point of Cecchi's philosophy. The Cecchi Family Estate wines celebrate the unique, individual terroir of each estate and interpret their principal grape variety.
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CHIANTI, DOCG*
Chianti Zones
• Montespertoli -• Colline Pisane – (Pisa Hills)
• Colli Fiorentini – (Florentine Hills)• Colli Aretini – (Arezzo Hills)
• Rufina • Montalbano
• Colli Senesi – (Siena Hills)
* Chianti and Chianti Classico are two completely separate and distinct DOCG’s
Chianti - large light green area on map, may NOT use grapes from Classico
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Chianti Classico
• 12%
• Can be released 1 October of the year after
harvest
Chianti Classico Riserva
• 12.5%
• Requires two plus years of age.
Gran Selezione is a new classification that has been proposed. It will require at least 30 months of ageing and may begin with the 2010 vintage, if
given final approval.
* Chianti and Chianti Classico are two completely separate and distinct DOCG’s
Chianti Classico - Small dark green area on map – Original/historic growing area )
Chianti Classico, DOCG
� CHIANTI
• 11.5%
• Can be released 1 March of year following harvest
� CHIANTI SUPERIORE
• 12%
• Can be released 1 September of year after harvest
� CHIANTI RISERVA/CHIANTI CLASSICO RISERVA
• 12.5%
• Requires two plus years of age.
� GRAN SELEZIONE
New Classico classification that has been proposed
If given final approval, will require 30 months of ageing and will
commence with the 2010 vintage.
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1978-2007:
Three Decades of Research in Montalcino
One philosophy: the knowledge as
requirement for excellence
The zonation project…the study of the soil
Microvinification,nitrogen bottling,
electrodialysis and
Tangential filtraion
The clonal study ofSangiovese and study
of other noble
varietals
Analysis of wood
• Sangiovese: the clonal research of this variety had been overlooked until the end of the 1970s.
• Sangiovese: It is difficult, extremely sensitive to geo-climatic conditions,but with very high enological
potential.
Did you know - Sangiovese
the Clonal Selection Project
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Sangiovese Clones
Janus 50 Janus 10 BF 30
BF 30 CLONE
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8Floral
Red Fruit
Fruit-apple
Alcohol
Phenolic
Tipicity
Structure
Astringency
Tobacco
Spicy
JANUS 10 CLONE
0
0,5
1Floral
Red Fruit
Fruit-apple
Alcohol
Phenolic
Tipicity
Structure
Astringency
Tobacco
Spicy
JANUS 50 CLONE
0
0,5
1Floral
Red Fruit
Fruit-apple
Alcohol
Phenolic
Tipicity
Structure
Astringency
Tobacco
Spicy
Profile of some of our researched Sangiovese Clones used at Castello Banfi
Sangiovese Clones
00,20,4
0,60,8
1Floral
Red Fruit
Fruit-apple
Alcohol
Phenolic
Tipicity
Structure
Astringency
Tobacco
Spicy
JANUS 10
JANUS 50
BF 30
Profile of Blend of Sangiovese Clones
Sangiovese Clones
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Sweetness
0102030405060708090
100Vanilla
Spices
Astringency
Tipicity
Wood
AllierTroncais Fontainebleau
Cher
Different effects on the basis of:
• Geographic origin (Allier, Troncais…)
• Grain (course/fine…)
• Seasoning (24/36…months)
• Toasting (temperature and length)
The use of wood to enhance the characteristics
of sangiovese and the other
noble grapes
Did you know - Wood
aging
“Of all the great names in Brunello, Castello Banfi, the American-owned estate in Tuscany, may well be the most
consistently outstanding”
Wine Spectator
“It is impressive both above and below ground…a Tuscan dream-come-true...” Wine Enthusiast
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The Wines
San Angelo Pinot Grigio $13.75
Cecchi Chianti Classico $10.50
Centine Rosso $8.00
Rosso di Montalcino $16.75
BelnerO Super Tuscan $20.00
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On behalf of SWE
and
Banfi Vintners,
thank you!
Sharron McCarthy, CSW
VP Wine Education
Banfi Vintners
516-987-6198
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