Linking Cli tClimate Change C t i tCenter into global policy
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and research in Asia-Pacific
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Positionx: 4.36”, y: .18”Yasu Hibi
VP for Asia PolicyVP for Asia Policy
5th International Climate Change Workshop on Research Priorities and Policy Development
Jakarta IndonesiaJakarta, Indonesia19 March 2010
The Copenhagen AccordNot UNFCCC document, but recognized by COPBasic 3-page textAgreement to keep below 2 degrees C
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To be finalized Jan 31 with pledges by developed + developing countries to emissions reduction Position
x: 8.74”, y: .18”emissions reductionREDD+ paragraphVery general paragraph on adaptationVery general paragraph on adaptation$30B for 2010-2012Mobilize $100B annually by 2020Mobilize $100B annually by 2020
progress on REDD+ negotiationsCOP adopted methodological guidance for REDD+
Agreement on:Agreement on:All “plus” activities (conservation, sustainable management of forests, enhancement of stocks)Rights and participation of indigenous peoples and
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local communities Safeguards for biodiversityPhased approach
Positionx: 8.74”, y: .18”To be resolved:
Objective (how much emissions from deforestation should be reduced over what time period whatshould be reduced, over what time period, what resources will be needed)Financing, including the role of market-based sourcesRole of subnational accounting and strategies
progress on d t ti ti tiadaptation negotiations
Includes prioritization of vulnerable ppeople, ecosystems, and countries, including those with fragile ecosystems
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Calls for adaptation action:Based on science and traditional knowledge
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Involving all relevant stakeholdersIntegrated into national and other planningInclude protection and sustainable management of p gnatural resources and ecosystems, and the goods and services they provide
major announcementsPeru
BrazilBrazil
Indonesia
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Japan
FrancePosition
x: 8.74”, y: .18”European Union
U it d St tUnited States
United Nations t iti h llopportunities + challenges
Inclusive process; 194 countries involvedInclusive process; 194 countries involvedHighly complex; allows for negotiationsConsensus based
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Other fora can contribute; simpler and fewer countries
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Builds consensusGenerates political will
next steps for l b l li t liglobal climate policyCI will continue sound, appropriate scale of support for achievement of UN Decisions on the building blocks of a climate treaty:REDD+Financing
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FinancingTargetsAdaptationUNFCCC meetings in Germany in June; Mexico in
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December
Increase engagement with other groups: Major Economies Forum G20 BASIC (Brazil SouthEconomies Forum, G20, BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China)
Role of scientific research in l b l li t h li iglobal climate change policiesScience as “standard language” for
developing international agenda for global issues
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IPCC > “Summary for Policy Makers” > UNFCCC
Positionx: 8.74”, y: .18”Stern Review > “economic interpretation”
> Bali Action Plan
Biodiversity Hotspots > “geographical interpretation” > global priority settinginterpretation > global priority setting
Need for consolidation of science
Domestic policy implications f I d ifor Indonesia
What to do? Where? Most effectiveWhat to do? Where? Most effective and efficient measures to both mitigation and adaptation > e.g. OSIRIS
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Reduction commitment and specific measures, backed by scientific facts and
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measures, backed by scientific facts and data, generates leverage in global policy
C t ib t t d l i fi i lContributes to developing financial mechanisms and generating new and additional funding flow > e.g. REDD, PES,additional funding flow e.g. REDD, PES, dept / land swaps, private direct investment, sustainable responsible investment shares
robust, sustainable economic modelsrobust, sustainable economic models
crop suitability carbon
H2Ominerals
ecosystemecosystem services
etc.
optimal scenarios
tiger habitat
optimal scenarios
Carbon market development
• Global challenges (partly) due to market• Global challenges (partly) due to market failure
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• Post-Kyoto carbon markets (compliance, voluntary, pre-compliance) needs norms and standards backed by science that
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ysupport rule-making
• MVR• Baseline / reference level
Monitoring (remote sensing and GIS)• Monitoring (remote sensing and GIS)
• Especially needed for voluntary markets invested by private sectorinvested by private sector
emerging REDD+ marketemerging REDD+ marketefficient , secure
supply chainPublic supply chain
CO2
Public,private market
WTP ($)
WTA ($)
equitable,transparent payment REDD+ markettransparent payment
systemREDD+ market
“readiness”
Leveraging Indonesia’s i fl i t ti linfluence over international policy making
• Indonesia – next tier in “G2 (two largest emitters)” era of climate change talks
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• Indonesia’s “advantage” – forests, peat swamps, marine, natural resources,
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population
• 26-41% emissions reduction commitment > international and regional leadership
• Scientific facts, data, and logic to gstrengthen position
Generate “co- benefits” th h di ti dthrough coordination and consolidation of scientific
• Contribution to other global agendas
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• Poverty alleviation• Biodiversity
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• Regional benefits in Asia “the growth sector of the world”
Haze• Haze• Freshwater security• Food security
Sustainable economic development• Sustainable economic development
secure cosecure co--benefitsbenefits
OSIRIS REDD+ Biodiversity Analysis (Busch et al., in press)
Photo 14.2” x 10.31”TERIMA KASIH !
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TERIMA KASIH !
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