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p://youtu.be/0ADfFPOzIUE
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p://youtu.be/mJfT4z1oCeo
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1-
2-
Basic PLC operation
3-ationBasic PLC oper
4-3wired control-Hard
5-(Advantages of PLCs )
6-300/400-Siemens SIMATIC S7
Decimal and Binary-Number systems-7
8-011Logic 0, Logic
9-1)Sensors ~(
10-
)Actuators ~2(
((Discrete Inputs-11
Analog Inputs-12
((Discrete Outputs-13
14-(Analog outputs)
((CPU-15
16- )(Reading Ladder Logic Diagrams
17-
18-
Function Block Diagrams
19-scan)(PLC
((Programming software-20
21-)(Hardware
22-)(Memory Size
23-(ROM or Read only memory)
EPROM()(Erasable programmable Read only memory-24
Firmware-25
26-
200-S7
-27
28-)(Programming Devices
29-)(software
30-)(Cables
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31-Micro PLC-S7
.32-200-S7
33-200-S7
34-200 Features-S7
35-
(optional cartridge)
))Expansion modules/-36
.37- ((Available Expansion
38-)(Status indicators
39-)(Installation
40-)(External Power supply
)(I/O numbering/-41
Inputs-42
43-
Input Simulator
44-Outputs
Optional connector-45
46-Removable Terminal Strip
47-Super Capacitor
48- Reference Manual
TD200-49
50-Freeport mode
51-
Printer
52-interconnection
Micro/WIN32-7STEP-53
54-Instructions
55-Contact Symbols
56-()(coils and boxes)
57-(Entering Elements)
58-"" AND
59-
"
"
Boolean AND
an ORBoole""-60
61-testing and debugging programs
Status function/-62
forcing/-63
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Ladder Elements/-64
65-65Lamp
Sequence-66
67-
wired motor starter-Hard68-
Motor starter with PLC
69-75
Program instruction
70-76
Expanding the previous application
71-77
Ladder Logic Diagram
-72
Adding a limit switch
73-78
Limit switch ladder diagram
74-80
Further Expansion
/-75
Introduction to Analog I/O
76-
Application expansion
77-
Analog outputs78-
Introduction to Timers
79-
)wired Timing circuit-Hard)
80-
200-S7
81-
N)Delay timer (TO-ON
82-
Delay timer (TON)-ON83-
Delay (TONR-Retentive On
84-
TONRDelay (TONR)-Retentive On
85-Delay (TOF)-Off
86-200 PLC-S7
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87-
88-Counters
89-
Ladder Logic
90-
(CTU)91-
Down Counter
-92
200 Up / Down Counter)-(S7
93-
Counter application example
94-
Example Ladder Logic
95-
speed instructions and scan time-High
96-ntersspeed Cou-high
-97
Shaft encoder and positioning actuator
98-
Interrupts / PPO
-99 PWM / Transmit
100-
Introduction to network communications
101-
DP-PROFIBUS
102-I-AS
103-I-AS
More information about some field devices in English
1-What is a sensor?
2- What is an actuator?3-What is a transducer?
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1-
.
.
.
.
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.
(( Input modules-1
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.
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3-(Output modules)CPU
(Output modules).
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4-(programming devices)
.
(operator interface)
.
2000
.
.
.
3-
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.
.
3
.
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4-3 Hard-wired control
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.,
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
4
.
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5-
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
5.
.
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SIMATIC S7 S7-300, S7-400 ,
S7-200.S7-200
CPU
.,
....
.6
6-
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.S7-200400S7-300
S7-300/400.S7-200
.
.
7. 300400.
.
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7-Number systems- Decimal and Binary
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.
(
10)
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2-
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CPU
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.
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.
8
9
.
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9
8(
)
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)
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OFF.ON
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9-(Sensors ~ 1)
.
.
..
.
.
.10.
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10-(Actuators ~2)
Actuators22~ !
.,
.,
11.
,
.
.11.,
((Discrete Inputs-11
(OFF or 0)
(OFF or1).
.
(Toggle switches),(Limit switches)
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(ON or High)(OFF or Low or 0)
.
12
.
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(
)
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1 .24
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Analog Inputs-12
20.
10
VDC
.
.15.,
.
.
50.
10
.
.15
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13-(DiscreteOutputs)
(0 or 1).
.
.16
.
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14-(Analog outputs)
.
10
.
.
.17
.
.
((CPU-15
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.
,
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CPU
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,
..18,
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(Programming / Ladder Logic)
Ladder Logic
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1-.
(Ladder Logic)2-(Statement lists)3-
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.19.
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16- ((Reading Ladder Logic Diagrams
(power conductor).
.
(Ladder Logic diagram)
,19.
rung().
(network).
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19
.
17-
(Ladder Logic and Statement list)
21I0.1, I0.0Q0.0
.ANDI0.0I0.1Q0.0
Q0.0 = 1.
I0.4
I0.5
= 1Q0.1.OR
.
.21
I0.0
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(1or 0).
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""ON)(Read Inputs.
(Execute Program).
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,
.""
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.
"
"
(cycle time)
.
.
""
.""
20-(Programming software)
.
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system.)24.
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.
21-(Hardware)
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..25
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)
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RAM / ROM / EPROM / Firmware
(RAM):
.
(random access memory).
,
(RAM)
.
23-(ROM or Read only memory)
,
..
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,
.
(EPROM((Erasable programmableRead only memory-24
..
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EPROM.
.27.
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26-S7-200
..1-
(program space)2-(data space)3-
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.2
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,
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(
2)
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.
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.
,
.
28
.
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28-(Programming Devices)
PC(PG)
,.PC,
Siemens SiMATIC S7.
30. .
"
"
Micro/WIN32
.
.
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29-(software)
PCstep 7-micro/Win32
.
PG 720 and PG 740
.
.
.
PC.
30-(Cables)
PC/PPI
.
9COM1PC
.32
,
.
.PC,
.
.32.
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31-S7-Micro PLC
.S7-200
33CPU,
/.,
.
,
.
.(programmingport)
""
.
.
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32-S7-200
CPUS7-200
.S7-226, S7-224, S7-222, S7-221
,ACDC.
34.
.DC
24.DC
34.24
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S7-200 Features
35
.
USER DATA= 2 kB4CPU 222
./8 inputs / 6 outputs
Max Analog I/O with/
Expansion = 8 in / 2 out or 0 in / 4 out..
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34-(Mode switch and Analog Adjustment)
RUN
,
,STOP.""
. "TERM",
RUNSTOP.
(Analog Adjustment), .
,
.
.36.
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35-(optional cartridge)
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200((RAM,
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"".38
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CPU. 46221
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.
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.
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38-(Status indicators)
"RUN"
.
LED.
LED,
.
.
,
.40.
39-(Installation)
.1-S7-200
DIN rail
(
).2-
.
41.
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40-(External Power supply)
S7-200.
S7-222 DC/DC/DC
24
.
42
.
.
.
.
43
120 AC
.
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((I/O numbering/-41
/
InputI.44,
.I0.0.
44.07
I0.7I0.0.I0.7, I0.6, I0.5.I0.08
I1.0.
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Q.8
8+210.120
10
.
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Inputs-42
.45.
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Input Simulator-43
.
.
10Q0.5I1.2
.
.
.
,.
RUN.,
.
,
...46.
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44-Outputs
.
.
.47
.
45-
Optional connector
48
.
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,
.
..
46-Removable Terminal Strip
.S7-224S7-226
..49
Super Capacitor-47
.RAM
.50
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RAM.,
.DC
50.50
,
.50.
48-
Reference Manual
.
.
.
51
.
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PLC
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TD200-49
.
,
.
.
.
.TD200
,
52.
,
.
50-Freeport mode
Freeport mode,
.
.
.
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51-
Printer
54
serial
parallel
.
52-interconnection
5531
(repeater)
.
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Micro/WIN32-STEP 7-53
(
)
.
3--2-1.
54-Instructions
.
,((counters(timers),
(math and logical),(increment/ decrement / invert)
. (Block instructions)
word
(16)(manipulate data).shifttable,find,conversion,
for/ next and real-time instructions.
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(cycle time)
.,
(cycle time).
(high-speed counters)(interrupts)
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""On-line.""Off-line.
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57-(Entering Elements)
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drag"
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.
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60AND.
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.Network1""
.
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AND
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.
truth table().
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OFF= 0
.
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60-
"
"
Boolean OR
62OR.
=Q0.1,I0.3I0.2
ON (High)= 1.
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OR.INPUT
34,OUTPUT 2= ON=1 or HIGH.
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61-
Testing and debugging programs
,
,.
.""debugging
S7-200.
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.
,.
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65
.Toggle switch
65.,
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.66.CPU
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.
,.
forcing/-63
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66.Toggle
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I0.0ON = 1.68
.forcing
.
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64-
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Ladder Elements
/forcing
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ON = 1 = High()OFF = 0 = Low()(set)
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,""(data space)
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65-65Lamp
7065.
,
..
..
66-Sequence
71.
,
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.(scan).1-
,status bit = 0.CPUstatus bit
output status bit = 0
.,status bit = 1
""CPU
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.
71.,
.
67-
Hard-wired motor starter
72 .
.Ma
" ""72."
,
,
.
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73Start,
,
.
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start,
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68-motor starter with PLC
.
.75
..
69-
75program instruction
76/.
,normally open start pushbuttonI0.0
I0.1normally closed stop pushbutton
normally closed overload contacts
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.I0.2
76AND,
.Q0.0
OR
.76
.""
Q0.0 = 0 = OFF.
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Q0.0 = 1 = ON.
70-
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,
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71-78Ladder Logic Diagram
NOQ0.1 RUN.
.,Q0.0
.
Q0.2NC
Q0.0,.
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72-
Adding a limit switch
80
.
NO.I0.3.
.((normally open contact
73-78limit switch ladder diagram
80
NC,NO
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AND
.80,I0.3
.Q0.2
81
I0.3 = ON = 1I0.0
.
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74-81Further Expansion
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.
.
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Introduction to Analog I/O/-75
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,
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4010.
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,.84
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85
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.
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,
(TR1).
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Retentive On-Delay(TONR),3- Off-Delay (TOF)..TONR
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5Q0.1.5
.
Q0.1NC,92T37NO
5
.
,
.
83-Retentive On-Delay (TONR)
TONRTONTONIN = 1= ON
TONTONR
, ( RESET (R
instruction,
,
.
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84- TONR
RetentiveOn-Delay (TONR)
94I0.3,T5.
.,
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2
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switch2switch,2
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.
,
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PT..5
.
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S7-200 PLC
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.
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.
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.
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.8((Pump 3 Q0.4
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I0.1
.
.
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.
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"
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,.98
.6
.
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89-Ladder Logic
.
.""CU(Count up)
.""(Count Down) CD
,01
(count input transitions from a logic 0 to a logic 1.)
:.Siemens S7-200
-down counters (CTD)3"Up counters (CTU)2-"
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.:
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.
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,
output bit (Q)
0
1
.
100
.
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Down Counter-91
PV = 12 , CD
(transitions from a logic 0 to a logic 1),PV""
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.
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PV,QUoutput QU turns on.
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""PV,,((LD
.R(reset input),
."" PV
.QDQU102
.
93-Counter application example
103
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150
,
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-94
Example Ladder Logic
.C48
. Input I0.0
""
150.input I0.1
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,.
I0.0,.
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.
,
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95-
high-speed instructions and scan time
"scan time" ,/
.
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."".
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CPU.
,.
,.
CPU.
. .
.
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.S7-221S7-222
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6HSC0-HSC5.
.
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system manual.105
Dedicated inputs for clocks,Direction control,resetstart
(.)
1030mode.
97-
Shaft encoder and positioning actuator
Z, Y, X
CNC.106
.
,.
.16
.3606001000
.21
165000360.
600=3000000.5000
.
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98-
Interrupts / PPO
""scan cycle
.
.
..
."".
.1-2-
.3-/
PPO
stepper motor driver.PTO
50
(50% duty cycle)
4294967295.
from 1 to 4,294,967,295.""
500107. 500
4.500(1(
1000.
.
99- PWM / Transmit
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duty(PWM)-pulse width modulation
cycle.108PWMduty cycle(
interrupt,duty)9010
cycle50.50150
.PWM""
..
.Transmit
PC.
.
100-
Introduction to network communications
,,,
local area
network (LAN).
,
.
.
.
.PROFIBUS-DP
(AS-i)Actuator sensor interface
.
opennetworks.
.
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S7-200 CPUPROFIBUS-DP EM 277 module
.
S7-200 CPU(slave).
PROFIBUS-DP.
AS-ICPU 243-2
.S7-200
.
109 .
101-
PROFIBUS-DP
PROFIBUS-DP
110
,
.
PROFIBUS-DP
"
Power meters,
Motor protectors,
Circuit breakers
Lighting controls .PROFIBUS-DP
S7-200
.
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.
AS-I-102
AS-I
Actuator sensor interface (AS-I or AS-interface),
,
.
,
.,
.111,AS-I
.111,
AS-I.
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AS-I-103
112AS-I.
,.
Operator panel
.
1- What is a Sensor?
A Sensor is a device, which responds to an input quantity by generating a functionally
related output usually in the form of an electrical or optical signal.
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During the past two decades, there has been an unprecedented growth in the number of
products and services, which utilize information gained by monitoring and measuring
using different types of sensors. The development of sensors to meet the need is referred
to as sensor technology and is applicable in a very broad domain including theenvironment, medicine, commerce and industry. Governments and policy makers
throughout the work are realizing the potential benefits of encouraging the growth insensor technology not only as a result of new technological trends, and hence newproducts, for the indigenous industry to effect improved product quality and efficiency by
broadening the level of control over their processes, but also in support of the
implementation and enforcement of government legislation on environmental and safetyissues. Such awareness has been copiously demonstrated in the recent UK national
Technology Foresight exercise conducted to examine potential opportunities and to
promote wealth creation and enhance quality. Through the 15 independent Technology
Foresight panels, covering a wide range of industrial sectors, the worldwide need forsensor technology was reinforced. In 13 out of 15 panels, sensor technology was seen as
an integral element in the overall development of products and services. In fact it
emerged as the key technology to support a wide variety of research and industrialapplications
2- What is an actuator?
An actuator is a transducer that accepts a signal and converts it to a physical action. In
other words, an actuator causes an action to occur relating to the data that was sent to it.Data written to an actuator is held in an input register until the trigger is received.
An actuator can also describe itself to the network, making it easier for automatic system
configuration. It does this by the use ofTEDS.The TEDS can be uploaded to the system
upon power up or request. It also serves as documentation.What is a TEDS?
A Transducer Electronic Data Sheet is known as a TEDS. It is a set of electronic data in a
standardized format stored in a chip that is attached to a transducer, therefore allowingthe transducer to identify and describe itself to the network, thereby easing automatic
system configuration. This self-identification capability for the transducer is needed for
maintenance, diagnostics, and to determine mean-time between failure characteristics.
The chip stores information such as manufacturer name, identification number, type ofdevice, serial number, as well as calibration data. The TEDS can be uploaded to the
system upon power up or request. It also serves as documentation for the transducer.
3-What is a transducer?
A transducer basically converts a kind of energy or some kind of incoming energy into
some kind of electrical signal. Now the energy might be something like a movement orsound or light, those are the kinds of energies we're talking about. Obviously the most
common ones which are used nowadays are the light sensitive components like photo
diodes, photocells. These directly convert the incident light into an electrical signal whichcan be used to well for example detect how bright light is. You'll have one of these in
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your camera of course to detect how bright it is so that the camera's automatically set.
You also have sound sensing devices, these sound devices are often used again in for
example an automatic camera, an automatic recorder so that as the sound gets louder, it
reduces the amplification so that it doesn't make the sound particularly difficult to listento. Movement sensors obviously with many experiments in laboratories we like to detect
movement and movement can be detected either physically by using a sensor andphysically measuring the distance, it could be a distance sensor or it could be somethingsensing that there is a movement and give you a signal accordingly. For example we have
a lot of movement sensors now which are installed in houses or in factories to see if
somebody is there and you will experience these particularly when you go around housesand so forth and on come the lights, it's a movement sensor. Piezo crystals are devices
which sense pressure and these are very useful, the pressure sensitivity devices which can
be used to detect changes of shape in building for example. So basically that is what
transducers are.
SIMATIC ET 200S
DescriptionSIMATIC ET 200S is the multifunctional, highly modular I/Osystem with IP20 degree
of protection that can be exactly tailored to the automation task.
Interface modules with integrated CPU and PROFINET/ PROFIBUS connection are
available both in standard and safety-oriented designs. The bit-modular ET 200S offersa comprehensive module range, it comprises power modules, digital or analog input and
output modules, technology modules, an IO-Link Master as well as motor starters,
frequency converters or a pneumatic interface. Thanks to its rugged construction, the ET200S can also be used under conditions of high mechanical stress.
For cramped space conditions there is the ET 200S COMPACT a small block I/O which
can be expanded. The ET 200S is also available in SIPLUS variants for extended
temperature range.
Area of applicationThe wide range of modules makes the ET 200S the ideal I/O system for applications in
nearly every industry, especially when a bit modular design and a great variety offunctions is required.
With powerful internal data transport capabilities and isochronous mode operation, the
ET 200S is also eminently suitable for time-critical applications.
For more info, please check the following website
https://www.automation.siemens.com/mcms/distributed-io/en/Pages/Default.aspx
Light-emitting diode (LED)
A light-emitting diode (LED) is asemiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator
lamps in many devices and are increasingly used for otherlighting.Introduced as apractical electronic component in 1962, early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but
modern versions are available across thevisible,ultraviolet,andinfrared wavelengths,
with very high brightness.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor7/26/2019 basic of plcs.pdf
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When a light-emittingdiode is forward-biased (switched on),electrons are able to
recombine withelectron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form ofphotons.
This effect is calledelectroluminescence and thecolor of the light (corresponding to the
energy of the photon) is determined by theenergy gap of the semiconductor. LEDs areoften small in area (less than 1 mm2), and integrated optical components may be used to
shape its radiation pattern. LEDs present manyadvantages over incandescent lightsources includinglower energy consumption,longerlifetime,improved robustness,smaller size, and faster switching. LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are relatively
expensive and require more precise current andheat management than compact
fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output.Light-emitting diodes are used in applications as diverse as replacements foraviation
lighting,automotive lighting (in particular brake lamps, turn signals, andindicators)as
well as intraffic signals.LEDs have allowed new text, video displays, and sensors to be
developed, while their high switching rates are also useful in advanced communicationstechnology. Infrared LEDs are also used in theremote control units of many commercial
products including televisions, DVD players, and other domestic appliances.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_biashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_generation_and_recombinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_holehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroluminescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_gaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode#Advantageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_conservationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_management_of_high-power_LEDshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light#Aviation_navigation_lightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light#Aviation_navigation_lightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light#Aviation_navigation_lightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_lighting#Light_emitting_diodes_.28LED.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode#Indicators_and_signshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode#Indicators_and_signshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_lighting#Light_emitting_diodes_.28LED.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light#Aviation_navigation_lightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light#Aviation_navigation_lightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_management_of_high-power_LEDshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_conservationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode#Advantageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_gaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroluminescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_holehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_generation_and_recombinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_biashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_diodeTop Related