APPLICATION GUIDE FOR TiO2 GRADES
www.kemira.com/pigments
Europe
Kemira Chimie S.A.207, rue de Bercy,F-75012 Paris, France
Tel. +33 1 43 46 22 60Fax +33 1 43 46 22 79
Kemira Chemie GmbHLangstrasse 60, D-63450 HanauGermany
Tel. +49 6181 924 728Fax +49 6181 924 730
Kemira Pigments KFTBécsi út. 25, H-1023 BudapestHungary
Tel. +36 1 346 7070Fax +36 1 346 7072
Kemira Chimica S.p.A.Via Rosellini 12, I-20124 MilanoItaly
Tel. +39 02 693 3901Fax +39 02 6933 9050
Kemira Ibérica SAGran Via Corts, Catalanes, 641E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
Tel. +34 93 412 3050Fax +34 93 412 0884
Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd.Orm House, 2 Hookstone ParkHarrogate, N Yorkshire HG2 8QTUnited Kingdom
Tel. +44 1423 885 005Fax +44 1423 885 939
Head Office
Kemira Pigments OyP.O. Box 330FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 414Fax +358 10 862 1794
Pori TiO2 plant
Kemira Pigments OyFIN-28840 Pori, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 415Fax +358 10 863 1096
Regional sales offices
Asia Pacific
Kemira Pigments Asia Pacific Pte. Ltda.10 Anson Road, International Plaza #33-06ASingapore 079903
Tel. +65 6227 1757Fax +65 6227 1613
Latin America
Kemira Pigments Latin America Ltda.Luis Thayer Ojeda 166 Of. 504Providencia, Santiago, Chile
Tel. +56 2 234 0977Fax +56 2 232 8587
North America
Kemira Chemicals Inc.245 Town Park Drive, Suite 200Kennesaw, GA, 30144
Tel. 1 770 436 1542Fax 1 770 436 3432
Introduction ........................................................................... 3
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO2 products for coatings,inks, plastics and paper ........................................................ 4
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO2 products for food,drugs and cosmetics ............................................................ 6
FINNTi titanium chemicals ................................................... 6
Application guide for coatings .............................................. 7
Application guide for printing inks ......................................... 9
Application guide for plastics .............................................. 10
Application guide for paper ................................................. 11
Application guide of pigmentaryTiO2 grades for other uses ................................................. 11
Examples of product characteristics ofKEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO2 grades .................................. 12
Health and safety information ............................................. 14
This information herein is offered as a guide and is believed to be accurate and reliable. The values given are not to be considered as a warranty and they are subject to change without prior notice.For additional information regarding our products or for information concerning current specifications, please contact our Technical Customer Service.
CONTENTS
3
I N T R O D U C T I O N
Europe, Middle East, Africa;HELSINKI, FINLAND
Latin America;SANTIAGO DE CHILE, CHILE
North America;KENNESAW, GA, USA
Asia Pacific; SINGAPORE
Kemira Pigments is a producer of high quality “KEMIRA” titaniumdioxide pigments, with a plant located in Pori, Finland (a capacity of120,000 metric tons). Other products are “UV-TITAN” ultrafine trans-parent titanium dioxide, “FINNTi” titanium chemicals, and copperas.
With a global sales organization we reach customers in more than 100countries worldwide. Kemira Pigments has four regional sales officesand other sales offices in Barcelona, Budapest, Hanau, Milan, Paris, andPori. Through our own sales personnel at different Kemira Groupcompanies and via our extensive network of distributors and agentsKemira Pigments is a truly global supplier of titanium dioxide pigmentsand well represented in almost every country in the world.
The main applications for our range of pigmentary KEMIRA titaniumdioxide pigments are:
◆ Coatings
◆ Printing Inks
◆ Plastics
◆ Paper
Ultrafine, transparent UV-TITAN TiO2 products are being used in
automotive coatings, wood lacquers, plastics and cosmetics. FINNTititanium chemicals are designed for coloured inorganic pigments,catalysts, ceramics etc.
Environmental protection is considered a strategic success factorand thus Kemira Pigments is committed to continuously improve itsenvironmental performance and minimize harmful environmental effectsrelated to its operations as well as to impose environmental objectives onits own activities. As an example of this commitment, a solution to waterpollution issues at the Pori plant was achieved by the carrying through ofthe long-term environmental investment programme.
Kemira Pigments has implemented the principles of the ResponsibleCare programme and the International Chamber of Commerce’s businesscharter as a part of its total quality management system, which fulfils therequirements set by ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
Kemira Pigments is a subsidiary of the Kemira Group with annual netsales over 200 EUR million.
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 31.5.2002, 08:473
4
Hiding TiO2 DIN 55912/ ASTM D-476 TiO2 min, Surface OilISO 591 % treatment absorption
COATINGS AND INKS
KEMIRA 660 R2 II, IV 93 Al,Si,org. 21
KEMIRA RDI-S R2 II 94 Al,org. 21
KEMIRA RD3 R2 II, IV 93 Al,Zr,org. 22
KEMIRA RDE2 R3 III 88 Al,Si,org. 30
KEMIRA RDDI R3 III 82 Al,Si,org. 45
PLASTICS
KEMIRA 405 R2 II 96 Al,org. 19
PAPER
KEMIRA AN A1 I 98.5 - 19
KEMIRA AFDC A1 I 99 - 19
KEMIRA 920 R1* I* 99* - -
Transparent TiO2 TiO2 min, Surface Crystal size, Specific surface% treatment nm area, m2/g
COATINGS
UV-TITAN L 530 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
UV-TITAN L 531 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
UV-TITAN L 230 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 20 60
UV-TITAN L 830 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 50 40
UV-TITAN L 181 70 Al,Si,Zr, org. 17 70
PLASTICS
UV-TITAN P 160 70 Al, org. 17 70
UV-TITAN P 170 75 Al, org. 14 70
UV-TITAN P 580 70 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
K E M I R A A N D U V- T I TA N T i O2 P R O D U C T S F O R
C O AT I N G S , I N K S , P L A S T I C S A N D PA P E R
Colour Index 77891 CAS no. (TiO2) 13463-67-7
Pigment White 6 EINECS no. (TiO2) 2366755, components listed in TSCA, EINECS
*TiO2 pigment in a slurry, solids typically 68%.
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:514
5
4.0 800 Multipurpose rutile pigment with high exterior durability, high opacity, excellent dispersibility.
4.0 800 Special rutile pigment for high quality printing inks with excellent gloss, optical properties anddispersibility, low abrasion and good exterior durability.
4.0 800 Multipurpose high gloss rutile pigment with excellent optical properties and dispersibility,high exterior durability.
3.9 600 Strongly surface treated rutile grade for semigloss and matt applications, good dispersibility anddry hiding.
3.7 500 Heavily surface treated special grade for matt applications, very good dispersibility in aqueousmedia, excellent dry hiding and low abrasion.
4.1 900 Hydrophobic multipurpose rutile pigment with blue undertone, good durability, outstandingwetting properties.
3.9 600 Uncoated dry-milled anatase pigment with high brightness, disperses easily in water,low abrasion properties.
3.9 600 Uncoated dry-milled anatase pigment with high purity, high brightness, disperses easily in water,low abrasion properties.
4.2* - Aqueous dispersion of rutile titanium dioxide pigment. It is specifically designed for paper applications:paper and paper board coatings and wet-end additions.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection forindustrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection forindustrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with a smaller crystal size than UV-TITAN L 530. It shows excellent transparency,exterior durability and UV-protection for industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with a bigger crystal size than UV-TITAN L 530. It shows excellent transparency,exterior durability and UV-protection for industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection for solventand water-based wood coatings.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with excellent transparency and UV-protection for food packing films,cosmetic packages and other UV sensitive materials.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with enhanced transparency vs. P 160 and excellent UV-protection forfood packing films,cosmetic packages and other UV sensitive materials.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection foragricultural and industrial wrapping films.
Specific Bulk density, General descriptiongravity, g/cm3 kg/m3
Regional availability of the products to be confirmed by sales offices. This information herein is offered as a guideand is believed to be accurate and reliable. The values given are not to be considered a warranty and they are subjectto change without prior notice. For additional information regarding our products or for information concerningcurrent specifications, please contact our Technical Customer Service.
ECS
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:515
6
K E M I R A A N D U V- T I TA N T i O2 P R O D U C T S
F O R F O O D, D R U G S A N D C O S M E T I C S
Hiding TiO2 Description
KEMIRA AFDC Uncoated opacifying dry-milled anatase with high purity for food, drugs & cosmetics.
Transparent TiO2
UV-TITAN M 160 Hydrophobic grade for high SPF products in suncare and skincare.
UV-TITAN M 170 Hydrophobic grade with extremely high transparency for high SPF products in suncareand cosmetic formulations.
UV-TITAN M 212 Hydrophilic grade with superior light stability for suncare / skincare and color cosmetics.
UV-TITAN M 262 Hydrophobic grade with superior light stability for suncare / skincare and color cosmetics.
More information of the products is provided in separate data sheets and other technical papers.
More information of the products is provided in separate data sheets and other technical papers.
F I N N T i T I TA N I U M C H E M I C A L S
FINNTi Descriptiongrade
Anatase
S 130 Titanium hydrolysates - titanic acids - in powder acidic
S 140 form for inorganic coloured pigments, catalysts neutralized, low Na
S 150 and ceramics etc. neutralized
Rutile
S 230 Titanium hydrolysate - titanic acid - in powder acidic
form for inorganic coloured pigments, catalysts
and ceramics etc.
S 108 Titanyl sulphate. solution
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:516
7
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN660 RDI-S RD3 RDDI L 181
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E F O R
D E C O R AT I V E C OAT I N G S
Interior, water-based
- gloss
- silk
- PVC (Medium)
- PVC (High)
- primer
Interior, solvent-based
- gloss
- eggshell
- primer
Exterior, water-based
- gloss
- semi-gloss
- matt
Exterior, solvent-based
- gloss
- eggshell
- primer
Wood lacquers
- UV filter
highly recommended recommended
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:517
8
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E F O R
I N D U S T R I A L C OAT I N G S
Automotive
- electrodeposition
- primer
- top coat
- refinishing
- metallic paints, flip-flop effect
Powder coating
- interior
- exterior
Coil coating
Can coating
Marine
Aviation
Domestic appliances
Wood coating
Primers
Polyester gel
Radiation curing
High solids
Road markings
highly recommended recommended
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN660 RDI-S RD3 L 530 L 531 L 230 L 830
8
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:518
9
Grade KEMIRARDI-S RD3 660 RDE2 RDDI
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E F O R
P R I N T I N G I N K S
Gravure and flexographic inks
- highest gloss
- high gloss
- medium/semi gloss
- matt
- low abrasion
Lamination inks
Lithography, paper & board
- high gloss
- matt
Screen printing inks
UV cured inks
Metal decorative inks
highly recommended recommended
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:519
10
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E F O R
P L A S T I C S
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN405 660 RDI-S RD3 P 160 P 170 P 580
Polyolefines
- interior
- exterior
PVC
- rigid interior
- rigid exterior
- plastisols & dispersions
Styrenics
Engineering plastics
- polyamide
- polyester
- acrylics
- PPO/PPS
Thermosets
- epoxies
- polyurethanes
- unsaturated polyesters
UV filter
- food packaging films,
cosmetic packages
UV protection
- exterior applications,
e.g. agricultural & industrial
wrapping films, vinyl sidings
highly recommended recommended
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:5110
11
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E O F
P I G M E N TA RY T I O2 G R A D E S F O R
OT H E R U S E S
A P P L I C AT I O N G U I D E F O R
PA P E R
Grade KEMIRAAN AFDC 920 660
Wet-end TiO2 loading
- low-medium
- high
- high purity
Paper coating
- low medium
- high
- high purity
Optical brighteners in paper
- yes
- no
highly recommended recommended S suitable
Grade KEMIRA660 RDI-S AN
Concrete
Vitreous enamels, ceramics
Adhesives
Leather finishes
Rubber
highly recommended recommended
S
S
S S
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:5111
12
E X A M P L E S O F P R O D U C T C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S
O F K E M I R A A N D U V- T I TA N T i O2 G R A D E S
Grade Dry colour Dry colour Tint reducing Undertone, b*brightness, L* tone, b* power, L*- pressed - pressed - grey paste - grey paste
briquette briquette
KEMIRA 660 97.9 2.4 64.0 -7.2
KEMIRA RDI-S 97.8 2.5 64.5 -7.7
KEMIRA RD3 97.8 2.5 64.5 -7.6
KEMIRA RDE2 98.1 2.2 63.5 -6.5
KEMIRA RDDI 98.2 2.1 62.7 -6.3
KEMIRA 405 97.6 2.5 63.5 -8.5
KEMIRA AN 98.6 1.2 60.4 -7.5
Colouristic properties of KEMIRA TiO2 grades.
Gloss of KEMIRA TiO2 grades
(a) white high gloss emulsion paint (b) nitrocellulose printing ink
gloss
RDI-S RD3 660 RDE2 RDDIRDI-S RD3 660 RDE2
20° gloss60° gloss
20° gloss60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Durability of KEMIRA grades.
(a) Gloss retention of acrylic isocyanate paints vs. outdoor exposure time in Florida.
20° gloss retention
1009080706050403020100
12
840 2 6
100
80
60
40
20
0
EXPOSURE TIME IN FLORIDA, MONTHS10
RD3
RDI-S
660
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 23.5.2002, 14:2612
13
(b) Gloss retention of acrylic isocyanate paints vs. outdoor exposure time in Florida.
60° gloss retention
241680 4 12 20
100
80
60
40
20
0
EXPOSURE TIME IN FLORIDA, MONTHS
RDI-S
RD3
RDDI
Uncoated rutile
AN
Example of dispersant demand curves for KEMIRA grades.
0.80.40.10.0 0.2 0.6
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
ADDITION AMOUNT OF OROTAN SD 731, %/TiO2
RDE2
RDDI
660
RD3
RDI-S
1.0
12000
14000
16000
18000
BOO
KFI
ELD
VIS
CO
SITY
, mPa
s
Durability of UV-TITAN in plastics.
500
400
300
200
100
0
EXPOSURE TIME IN QUV, HOURS3000 h
600
2000 h1000 h0 h
ELO
NG
ATIO
N A
T B
REA
K, %
0.8 % HALS + 0.4 % Benzophenone
0.6 % HALS + 0.2 % P 580
0.8 % HALS + 0.2 % P 580
Brookfield viscosity vs.
dispersant amount of
KEMIRA grades in 70 wt-%
slurries (dispersant as 100 %
active substance)
Elongation at break (%) of LPDE films containing
UV-TITAN P580 vs. exposure time (hours, QUV-B),
film thickness 180 µm
13
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 23.5.2002, 14:2613
H E A LT H A N D S A F E T Y I N F O R M AT I O N
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products
are stable under normal conditions and inert to most
chemical reagents. Titanium dioxide is not classified as
hazardous to human health or to the environment, or as
hazardous substance for transportation.
EINECS
The KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products are mixtures of
different components. According to EINECS1 regula-
tions, mixtures cannot be registered individually. But
all the components of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN
products are listed in EINECS or ELINCS2, so the regu-
lations are complied. EINECS number for titanium dio-
xide is 2366755. CAS3 registry number for titanium
dioxide is 13463-67-7. Titanium dioxide can also be
identified as C.I.4 number 77891 and C.I. name Pigment
White 6.
TSCA
TSCA5 regulates the sale of chemical substances in the
USA. The act requires reportable chemical substances
to be on the TSCA Chemical Inventory before being
sold in commerce. All the components of the KEMIRA
and UV-TITAN products are included in the TSCA
Chemical Inventory.
Health hazards in handling
In handling of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products,
dusting of the material is possible. Inhalation of dust for
a short duration is not likely to cause adverse effects
directly after exposure. A prolonged excessive exposure
of dust may have a harmful effect on the function of
lungs. If this long-term exposure above the particular
occupational exposure limit can not be avoided, suitable
dust respirators should be used. With the skin contact,
the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products do not irritate,
but they may have a drying effect on skin.
Disposal of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO2products must be done in accordance with applicable
governmental regulations.
Material safety data sheets of our products are avail-
able on request.
Regulations concerning the useof titanium dioxide pigments
For the use of titanium dioxide pigments for food con-
tact (including food packaging, printing inks, coatings
etc.) applications, purity requirements given by laws
and regulations must be complied.
The European directive (90/128/EEC with amend-
ments) relating to plastics materials and articles inten-
ded to come into contact with foodstuffs includes a list
of monomers and starting substances, which may be
used in the manufacture of plastic materials and articles.
Titanium dioxide is mentioned without restrictions in
the additive list.
The resolution AP (89) 1 on the use of colourants in
plastic materials coming into contact with food is given
by the Council of Europe. In this resolu-
tion there is given the exact allowed
content of impurities soluble in 0.1 M
hydrochlorid acid, determined as a
percentage in relation to the colourant.
BgVV6, formerly known as BGA,
regulates the use of colourants in food
contact applications in Germany. BgVV
requirements are widely used in Europe
as reference.
In the USA regulations concerning
the use of colourants in food contact
14
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 22.5.2002, 21:5214
applications are enforced by FDA7. These regulations
are published in the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR), title 21. For example, titanium dioxide is men-
tioned in Part 178.3297, colorants for polymers.
The European standard EN 71 concerns safety of
toys, and part 3 of the standard gives specification
for migration of certain elements. KEMIRA and
UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products can be used in
toys and toy materials because of their typical low
contents of the heavy metals concerned.
Separate statements for the use of the KEMIRA and
UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products in toys and food
contact and other specific applications are available on
request.
CONEG and European directive onpackaging and packaging waste
In USA, a number of states have
adopted packaging laws patterned after
model law developed by CONEG.
According to the model law, the
combined total of the incidental
amounts of cadmium, hexavalent
chromium, lead, and mercury in
packaging and packaging components
should not exceed 100 mg/kg.
In Europe, the same requirement
is stipulated by the EC Packaging
and Packaging Waste Directive.
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN titanium
dioxide products are in compliance
with the 100 mg/kg requirement.
ABBREVIATIONS
1. EINECS = the European Inventory of ExistingCommercial Chemical Substances
2. ELINCS = the European List of New ChemicalSubstances
3. CAS = Chemical Abstract Service
4. C.I. = Colour Index
5. TSCA = the Toxic Substances Control Act
6. BgVV = Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichenVerbraucherschutz und veterinärmedizin
7. FDA = the Food and Drug Administration (USA)
8. CONEG= the Coalition of NortheasternGovernors
The information herein is to the best of our knowledge reliable andaccurate but is not to be construed as a warranty. It is subject to changewithout notice. For additional information regarding our products or forinformation concerning current specifications, please contact ourTechnical Customer Service.
15
43920_Application Guide 5/2002 23.5.2002, 09:0715
APPLICATION GUIDE FOR TiO2 GRADES
www.kemira.com/pigments
Europe
Kemira Chimie S.A.207, rue de Bercy,F-75012 Paris, France
Tel. +33 1 43 46 22 60Fax +33 1 43 46 22 79
Kemira Chemie GmbHLangstrasse 60, D-63450 HanauGermany
Tel. +49 6181 924 728Fax +49 6181 924 730
Kemira Pigments KFTBécsi út. 25, H-1023 BudapestHungary
Tel. +36 1 346 7070Fax +36 1 346 7072
Kemira Chimica S.p.A.Via Rosellini 12, I-20124 MilanoItaly
Tel. +39 02 693 3901Fax +39 02 6933 9050
Kemira Ibérica SAGran Via Corts, Catalanes, 641E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
Tel. +34 93 412 3050Fax +34 93 412 0884
Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd.Orm House, 2 Hookstone ParkHarrogate, N Yorkshire HG2 8QTUnited Kingdom
Tel. +44 1423 885 005Fax +44 1423 885 939
Head Office
Kemira Pigments OyP.O. Box 330FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 414Fax +358 10 862 1794
Pori TiO2 plant
Kemira Pigments OyFIN-28840 Pori, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 415Fax +358 10 863 1096
Regional sales offices
Asia Pacific
Kemira Pigments Asia Pacific Pte. Ltda.10 Anson Road, International Plaza #33-06ASingapore 079903
Tel. +65 6227 1757Fax +65 6227 1613
Latin America
Kemira Pigments Latin America Ltda.Luis Thayer Ojeda 166 Of. 504Providencia, Santiago, Chile
Tel. +56 2 234 0977Fax +56 2 232 8587
North America
Kemira Chemicals Inc.245 Town Park Drive, Suite 200Kennesaw, GA, 30144
Tel. 1 770 436 1542Fax 1 770 436 3432
5/2002
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