Appendix
TABLE A. Percentile ranks and IQ equivalents for corresponding Z-scores.
Range % rank IQ equivalent
SD or Z +SD -SD +SD -SD
2.17-3.00 99 1 133+ 67-1.96-2.16 98 2 130-132 68-70 1.82-1.95 97 3 127-129 71-72 1.70-1.81 96 4 126 73-74 1.60-1.69 95 5 124-125 75-76 1.52-1.59 94 6 123 77 1.44-1.51 93 7 122 78 1.38-1.43 92 8 121 79 1.32-1.37 91 9 120 80 1.26-1.31 90 10 119 81 1.21-1.25 89 11 1.16-1.20 88 12 118 82 1.11-1.15 87 13 117 83 1.06-'-1.10 86 14 116 84 1.02-1.05 85 15 .98-1.01 84 16 115 85 .94- .97 83 17 .90- .93 82 18 114 86 .86- .89 81 19 113 87 .83- .85 80 20 .79- .82 79 21 112 88 .76- .78 78 22 .73- .75 77 23 111 89 .70- .75 76 24 .64- .69 75 25 110 90 .63- .65 74 26 .60- .62 73 27 109 91 .57- .59 72 28 .54- .56 71 29 .51- .53 70 30 108 92 .49- .50 69 31 .46- .48 68 32 107 93 .43- .45 67 33 .40- .42 66 34 94
256 Appendix
TABLE A. Continued.
Range % rank IQ equivalent
SD or Z +SD -SD +SD -SD
.38- .39 65 35 106
.35- .37 64 36
.32,.. .34 63 37 105 95
.30- .31 62 38
.27- .29 61 39 104 96
.25- .26 60 40
.22- .24 59 41
.19- .21 58 42 103 97
.17-' .18 57 43
.14- .16 56 44
.12- .13 55 45 102 98
.09- .11 54 46
.07- .08 53 47 101 99
.04- .06 52 48
.02- .03 51 49 100 100
TABLE B. Classification of ability levels.
Percent Lower limit of Classification Z-score included percentile range
Very superior +2.0 and above 2.2 98 Superior + 1.3 to +2.0 6.7 91 High average +0.6 to +1.3 16.1 75 Average ±0.6 50.0 25 Low average -0.6 to -1.3 16.1 9 Borderline -1.3 to -2.0 6.7 2 Retarded -2.0 and below 2.2
TABLE C. References for nueuropsychological test normative data.
Neuropsychological test
Consonant Trigrams Test Controlled Word Association Test Finger Tapping Test Grip Strength Grooved Pegboard Mini-Mental State Exam Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Rey Tangled Lines Test Shopping List Test Stroop Test Trail Making Test Wechsler Memory Scale
References
Stuss et al. (1982; 1985) Benton (cited in Lezak, 1976) Bornstein (1985) Bornstein (1985) Bornstein (1985) Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh (1975) Lezak (1983); Butters et al. (1986); Mungas (1983) Osterrieth (cited in Lezak, 1983) Lezak (1976) McCarthy et al. (1981) Comalli, Wapner, & Werner (1962) Bornstein (1985) Hulicka (1966); Halland et al. (1983); Delaney et al.
(1980); Lezak (1983)
Author Index
Abrahams, J., 82 Ackerman, P.T., 193 Adams, K., xv Adams, R.D., 1,3,40, 104, 137 Adenolfi, A., 168, 169 Adinolfi, A.L., 169 Albert, M., 69, 70, 71, 78, 80, 81, 170 Alio, J.P., 195 Alpert, M., 224 Amaducci, L., 73 Andrews, D.G., 109 Andrulis, R.S., 195 Arendt, T., 170 Arendt, V., 170 Aughton, M.E., 6
Baird, A.D., 41 Bakker, D.J., 196 Baltes, P.B., 70 Bamford, F.N., 141 Bancaud, J., 110 Barona, A., 75 Barth, J.T., I Bash, I. Y., 224 Bear, D.M., 110 Bell, l., I Belmont, l., 193 Belsham, A., 108 Bennett-Levy, J.M., 6 Benson, D.F., 7, 42, 69, 71, 74, 77, 80,
110, 170, 224 Benton, A., I, 222, 223 Bidwell, B.H., 109 Big!. V., 170 Binder, L.M., 5, 7, 223 Birely, M., 195
Birren, J., 69, 77 Blakemore, C.B., 106 Blessed, G., 75 Blumer, D., 7,110 Boder, E., 196 Boll, T.J., I Boller, F., 78 Bolter, J.F., 110 Bond, M.R., 6, 223 Bonis, A., 110 Bornstein, R., xxii, 41, 78, 106, 139 Botwinick, J., 70 Bowers, D., 42 Brandt, J., 78, 167, 169, 170, 171,222 Brawn, P., 76 Brinkman, S.D., 76 Brooks, D.N., 6 Brooks, J., 222, 223 Brouwers, P., 78, 80, 81 Brown, G., 41, 43, 75 Brown, S.W., 105 Bruhn, A.R., 222 Brust, J., 42 Buchanan, M., 196 Buech, V.U., 70 Burgmeister, B.B., 106 Butters, N., xxii, 78, 167, 168, 169, 170
Caine, E.D .. 80, 82 Caird, F.l., 81 Caltagirone, c., 81 Cermak, L.S., 168 Chase, T., 78 Chastain, R., 75 Chin, H.W., 141 Cho, E., 80
258 Index
Chusid, J.G., 40 Clark, E., 82 Clemmons, D., 109 Cohen, M.E., 141 Cohen, N.J .. 170 Coughlin, A.K .. 140 Cowchock, F.S., 141 Cox, c., 78 Cummings, J., 79, 71. 74, 77, 80. 81.
110 Cutting, J., 168
Damasio, A.R., 140 Danoff. B.F., 141 Darkins, A., 77 Davison, L.A., xiv Delaney, H.D., 41 Delaney, R., 42, 107 D'Elia, L., 82 Delis, D., 77 Denckla, M.B., 196 Denker, P.G., 224 Dennerll, R. D., 107 Desai, B.T., 109 Di Chiro, G., 141 Didario, B., 169 Dikmen, S., 105, 106, 107 Dodrill, C.B., 105, 109 Doehring, D.G.,. 196 Donaldson, G., 70 Dongier, S., 110 Dronkers, N., 77 Duffner, P.K., 141 Dye, C.A., 6 Dykman, R.A., 193, 195, 196
Edelberg, R., 168 Egelko, S., 42 Ehlers, c., 107 Eisenberg, L., 194, 195 Eiser, c., 141 Ellenberg, L., 141 Elwes, R.D.C., 109 Ely, P., I Ettlinger, G., 106 Evarts, E., 80
Falconer. M.A., 106 Farr. S.D., 167 Fausti, S.A .. 223 Fedio, P., 106, 110 Feldman, R .. 80, 81 Fiedorowicz, c., 195, 196 Fisk, J.L., 196 Fitzhugh, K., 4 I. 169 Fitzhugh, L., 169 Fletcher, J.M., 195 Folstein, M.F., xxii, 75, 80, 81 Folstein, S., 75 Ford, B., 43 Forell. E.R., 193, 195 Fox, J.H., 78 Frauenheim, J.G., 195 Freedman, M., 81 French, J., 196 Friedenberg, D., 80 Friedland, R., 77 Friel. J.. 195 Frith, C.D., 82 Fuld, P., 76
Gaddes, W., 194 Gainotti. G., 81 Gates, A.I., 194 Geschwind, N., 3, 42 Giordani, B., I. 105 Glithero, E., 224 Goebel. R.A., 221 Goldberg, J.O., 223, 224 Golden, c., xiv Goldman, M.S., 169 Goldstein, F., 196, 197 Goldstein, G., 168, 196 Goodglass, H., 42 Gottesman, R .. 193, 195 Gould, R., 224 Graham, K., 43, 44, 195 Greiffenstein, M., 105 Grisell, J., 75 Gronwall. D .. 6 Grossman, R.G., 1,3 Gummit, R.J .. 109 Guthkelch, A.N .. 220
Haaf, R.G., 195, 196 Haaland, K.Y .. 41 Haban, G., 43, 44 Hammeke, T., xiv Harley, J.P., 105, 106 Hartman, J., 43 Heaton. R.K., 220 Hecaen, H., 43 Heilman, K.M., 3, 41, 42 Henry, J.M., 141 Herjanic, B., 194, 195 Herrmann, B.P., 110, 112 Higgins, G., 108 Hill, M.A., 77 Hochberg, F.H., 139, 140, 141 Hom, J., 138, 139 Horn, J.L.. 70 Horn, W.F., 195, 196 Hoshko, I.M., 196 Houlihan, J., 82 Hugenholtz, H., I Hutt, S.J., 108
Idestrom, e.M., 109 Ivnik, R.J., 106, 107
Jackson, P.M., 108 Jane, J.A., 1,6 Jarvik, L., 82 Jennett, B., 5 Johnston, J .S., 141 Jones, B., 168, 169 Jones, H.G., xviii Jones, P., 6
Kahn, M.A., 195 Kaminer, R., 193 Kaplan, E., xvii, 42, 70 Karnes, W.E., 110 Katz, L., 196 Kazniak, A., 69, 75, 78 Kelly, P.J., 3 Kinsella, G., 43 Kline, e.L., 193, 194, 195 Klovc, H., 105, 106, 107
Koff, E., 43 Kolb, B .. 137 Koss, E., 77 Kramer, S., 141 Kurtz, J., 196
Labouvie, G., 70 Largen, J., 75, 81 La Rochelle, S., I Larrabee, G., 75 LaRue, A., 82 Lassen, G., 222 Laws, E.R., 106 Leber, W.R., 168 Lehman, R.A., 220 Lennox, M.A., 106 Lennox, W.G., 106 Levin, H., I, 3, 4, 75 Levin, J., 170 Levine, H., 43 Lewis, R., 105
Index 259
Lezak, M., xv, 3, 81, 137, 169,223, 253
Lishman, W.A., 171 Loberg, T., 167 Lobosky, J.M., 140 Long, e.J., 110 Loring, D., 81 Lyon, R., 196
Macciocchi, S.N., I Mahurin, R., 81 Manley, E., 195 Marquette, e., 141 Marshall, J.e., 196 Martin, A., 78 Martins, A.N., 141 Maruyama, Y., 141 Masullo, e., 81 Matthews, e.G., 105, 106, 107 Mattis, S., 196 Mattson, R.H., 107 McComb, J.G., 141 McCue, M., 196 McCue, P.M., 196, 197 McCutcheon, e.B., 107
260 Index
McDonald, J.R., 220 McGeorge, A.P., 81 McHugh, M.F., 80, 81 McHugh, P., xxii, 75 McKinlay, W.W., 223 McMahon, E.A., 224 Meador, K., 81 Meier, M.l., 43 Mendelson, G., 220 Mendez, M., 77, 1 \0 Merrett, 1.0., 220 Merskey, H., 224 Meyer, V., \07 Micelli, G., 81 Milberg, W., \05, 106 Milby, 1.B., 6 Miller, H., 220, 223, 224 Milner, B., \06, \07 Mirsky, A.F., \06 Mitrushina, M., 76, 79 Moehle, K.A., 1\0 Montgomery, 168, 169 Morris, R., 196 Muehl, S., 193, 195 Mulgrew, L., 141 Mungas, D., \07
Naeser, M.A., 43 Navia, B., 80 Nelson, L.D., 79, 173 Newcombe, F., 196 Norman, B., 6 Novak, T.A., 43, 44 Novelly, R.A., \07
Ober, B., 77 O'Donnell, 1.P., 195, 196, 197 Okayama, M., 43 Orr, R.R., 195, 196 Oscar-Berman, M., 168
Pankratz, L., 223 Parsons, 0., 167, 168, 169 Payne, R.W., xviii Peed, S., 223 Penick, E., 194, 195
Pennybacker, 1., 140 Penry, 1.K., 109 Peron-Magnan, P., 1\0 Perry, G.F., 224 Peters, 1.E., 193 Petito, c., 80 Pieniadz, 1.M., 43 Poirier, c., I Pond, D.A., \09 Potter, R., \09 Price, R. W., 80 Purisch, A., xiv Putnam, T.J., \06
Ramanaiah, N.V., 196 Ramani, V., \09 Rapin, 1., 196 Rawson, M.B., 195 Reed, M.R., 222 Reitan, R., xiv, 41, \06, 138, 139, 169 Resch, 1.A., 43 Reynolds, C.R., 75 Reynolds, E.H., 105, \08, \09 Richards, M.T., I Rimel, R., 1,6 Rivoria, P., 81 Rizvi, S., 6 Roberts, M.A., 81 Rocca, W., 73 Rosen, A.l., \07 Rosenbaum, G., 75 Roth, M., 75 Rourke, B.P., 193, 195, 196 Rourke, D., 75, \05 Roy, A., 1\0 Rubinsky, E., 222 Russell, D.L., 193 Rutherford, W.H., 220 Rutter, M., 195, 196 Ryan, c., 168, 169
Safran, A., 3 Sarazin, F.F.A., 193, 195, 196, 197 Satterfield, W.T., 43, 44 Satz, P., 69, 76, 79, 173, 195, 196,224 Sauget, 1., 43 Sax, D., 81
Saxon, S.A., 6 Schaie, K.W., 69, 70, 77 Schoenberg, B., 73 Schonhaut, S., 195 Schwartz, M.S., 110 Seltzer, B., 170 Sevash, S .. 222 Sharbrough, F.W., 106 Shatz, M.W., xvii, 41 Shelly, c., 197 Sherwin. 1., 110 Shovron, S.D., 108 Siegal, S.E., 141 Singer, E., 168 Slater, E.T.O., 224 Slotnick, B., 139. 140. 141 Smith, H.H., 220 Soper, H., 76 Spar, 1., 82 Spiers, P., xv Spreen. 0., 193, 195, 196, 197,222,
223 Squire, L.R., 170 Stein, L., 109 Stem, D.B., 224 Sternberg, D., 82 Stoffel, T.l., 141 Stowe. S .. 141 Strang, 1.0., 193 Stuss. D.T., I Subirana. A., 43 Svahn. K .. 6
Talairach, 1., 110 Tarter. R.E., 108, 168 Taylor. D.C., 110 Taylor. H.G., 195 Taylor, L.B., 107, 108 Teasdale. G .. 5 Teicher. M .. 168 Tennstedt, A., 170 Teravainen. H., 80 Thomas. P., 141 Thompson, P.l., 105. 108, 109
Tizard. 1., 195 Tomlinson, L., 75. 109
Index 261
Trimble. M .. 105, 108. 109. 110, 224 Trites. R.L., 195, 196 Troupin, A.S., 109
Vahdat, P., 110 Valenstein, E., 41, 42 Van den Berg, W., 4 Vangilder, 1.C., 140 Van Gorp, W., 69, 76. 80 Van Zomeren. A.H., 4 Victor. M., 1,3,40, 104, 137 Vitulano, L.A., 195 Vogt, A.T., 220 Von Wowern, F., 6
Wallace, 1.0., 42 Walsh, K.W., 137, 138 Walton, S.N., 42, 107 Warrington, E.K., 140 Watson, B., 196 Watson, R.T., 41 Weinstein, G.S., 7 Welles. C.E., 7 Whishaw, 1.Q., 137 Whitman, D., 75 Whitman, S., 110 Whitmore. K .. 195 Wilkus. R.l., 109 Williams. M., 140 Willis, A.L., 80 Wilson, R.S., 75, 78 Wolf. 1.S., 196 Wrightson, P., 6
Yates. A., 107 Young, G.c., 193 Yule. W., 195
Zimmerman, F.T., 106
Subject Index
Abstraction and conceptual tracking and response
inhibition in third ventricle tumor. 147
and mental flexibility in bilateral frontal cysts. 163
Abscesses. 137-166 Academic achievement
in multi-infarct dcmentia. 97 in residual signs of attention deficit hy
peractivity disorder. 209 in residual signs of developmental
lcarning disorder. 202 in residual learning disorder with com
pensation.214-215 Accident neurosis. 220 Achievement scores
in bilateral frontal cysts. 163 after head injury. 28 in seizure disorder
associated with psychosis. 132 associated with tuberous sclerosis.
118 severe. with marked cognitive dete
rioration. 124 Adult presentation of learning disorders.
see Learning disorders. adult presentation of
Aging; see also Alzheimer's disease models of. 70 neuropsychological effects of. 69-70 normal effects of. 69-70 pathologic. and dementia. 71-72
Alcohol abuse. long-term. neuropsychological effects of. 167-192
alcohol dementia. 171. 179-184 in chronic abuse. 173-178
documented intellectual decline. 179-184
in early and middle phases of abuse. 167-169
Korsakoff s disease. 167. 170-171 Korsakoffs syndrome. 185-190. 192
Alzheimer's disease. 73. 75-79. 103 Amnesia. post-traumatic (PTA). 6.7 Anticonvulsant medication. effects of. on
epilepsy. 108-109 Aphasia in cerebrovascular accidents. 41-
42.43 Attention
in residual signs of developmental learning disorder. 301
and concentration in Alzheimer's disease. 77 in bilateral frontal cysts. 161 after bilateral occipitotemporal hcm
orrhage.46 in chronic alcohol abuse. 175 in documented intellectual decline.
alcoholic. 180 after head injury. 10. 19-20. 26.
33 in Korsakoff s syndrome. 186 in multi-infarct dementia. 97-98 after multiple cerebrovascular acci-
dents. 57 in progressive dementing disorder.
92 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition. 236 in residual learning disorder with
compensation. 213 in residual signs of attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder. 206
264 Subject Index
Attention (cont.)
after right hemisphere cerebrovascular accidents. 62
in seizure disorder associated with psychosis. 129
in seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis. 116
in subcortical dementia produced by basal ganglia calcification. 87
in third ventricle tumor, 145 and memory in probable somatization
disorder, 249 . Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,
205-211 Auditory (verbal) memory, see Verbal
(auditory) memory
Basal ganglia calcification producing subcortical dementia, 85-90
Behavioral observations in bilateral frontal cysts, 160-161 following cerebrovascular accidents, 41
multip\c, 56 in chronic alcohol abuse, 174 in documented intellectual decline, 179 after head injury, 9-10, 18-19,25,32 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 185 in malingering, test findings and. 229 in multi-farctdementia, 96 in somatization disorder, 246-247 in progressive dementing disorder, 91 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 234-235 in residual learning disorder with com
pensation, 212-213 in residual signs of attention deficit hy
peractivity disorder, 205 in residual signs of developmental"
learning disorder, 301 in right hemisphere cerebrovascular ac
cidents, 61 in right parietal osteoma, 152 in seizure disorder
associated with psychosis, 128 associated with tuberous sclerosis,
115 severe. with marked cognitive dete
rioration, 123
in subcortical dementia produced by basal ganglia calcification, 86-87
in third ventricle tumor, 144 in Wernicke's aphasia, 51-52
Bilateral frontal cysts. 159-165 Bilateral occipitotemporal hemorrhage,
45-50 Blessed Dementia Rating Scale. 75 Brain damage versus developmental dis
ability. 194 Brain tumors, see Tumors, brain Briquet's syndrome (somatization disor
der),219 Broca's aphasia. 41-42
Cerebral hemorrhage. 40 Cerebrovascular disease, 40-68
accidents (CV A), 40 multiple. 56-60
commentary on cases, 67-68 Chemotherapeutic treatment of tumors,
cognitive functioning and, 141 Cognitive deterioration, marked, with se
vere seizure disorder, 121, 122-126
Cognitive difficulties in chronic alcoholics, 168
Cognitive functioning effects of radiation and chemotherapy
treatment of tumors on. 141 general, after mUltiple cerebrovascular
accidents, 56 gross impairments
in Alzheimer's disease, 75-77 in chronic alcohol abuse, 174 in documented intellectual decline,
179 after head injury, 19, 32 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 186 in multi-infarct dementia, 97 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition. 235 in progressive dementing disorder.
91 in subcortical dementia produced by
basal ganglia calcification. 86-87 Cognitive pattern, general, of learning
disorders in adults, 196-197
Coma due to head injury. 5-6 Coma Scale. Glasgow. 5-6 Compensation neurosis. 220 Concentration. see Attention and concen-
tration Concept fonnation and response inhibi
tion in residual signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 208-209
Conceptual shifting and response inhibition in seizure disorder- associated with psychosis, 132
Conceptual tracking and response inhibition after head injury. 28
Confusional state, acute, 72-73 in chronic alcoholics, 168
Constructional ability and feigning of cognitive deficits. 223
Contrecoup effect, 3 Conversion disorder, 219 Cortical dementias, 73-74. 75-79
Alzheimer's disease, 73, 75-79 Pick's disease, 73, 79
Coup and contrecoup effects in closed head injury, 2-4, 7
coup contusion, 2-3 CT scan findings in predicting stroke re
covery,43 Cysts, bilateral frontal, J59-165
Dementia(s), 69-103 acute confusional state. 72-73 alcohol, 171 Alzheimer's disease, 73, 75-79. 103 cortical, 73-74 defined, 71 mixed, 81 multi-infarct, 81, 95-102 pathologic aging and, 71-72 Pick's disease. 73, 79 progressive dementing disorder, 91-94 subcortical, 80-81 syndrome of depression, 82
Depression, dementia syndrome of, 82
Developmental disability, brain damage versus, 194
Dyslexia. 195
Subject Index 265
Embolism. cerebral. 40 Emotional changes accompanying cere
bral infarctions. 42 Epilepsy. 104-136; see also Seizure en
tries prediction of future functioning in. 109
Extradural hematoma. 5
Factitious disorder, 219 Feigning of deficits. conscious or non
conscious, 219-254 malingering. 219-220, 226-233 neuropsychological batteries and, 220-
221 neuropsychological literature on, 220-
222 probable somatization disorder. 243-
252 psychological factors affecting physical
condition, 220, 233-242 Forgetfulness in head injury. 4. 7; see
also Memory Frontal lobe damage, 3 Frontal lobe dysfunction
closed head injury implicating. 9-17 open head injury associated with, 18-
24,25-30 Frontal lobectomy, partial, 38 Frontal systems tests/tasks
deficits in, in chronic alcoholics. 169 in documented intellectual decline,
182 after head injury, 34 in multi-infarct dementia, 99 in right parietal osteoma, 156
Ganser syndrome, 219 Glasgow Coma Scale, 5-6 Gliomas, definition, 137-138 Global aphasia, 42
Head injury, 1-39 closed. 2
coup and contrecoup effects in. 2-4, 7
frontal dysfunction and, 9-17
266 Subject Index
Head injury (cont.)
multiple cognitive deficits and, 31-37
commentary on cases of, 38-39 open, 2
associated with frontal lobe dysfunction, 18-24, 25-30
results of attention and concentration, 10, 19-
20,26, 33 behavioral observations, 9-10, 18-
19,25,32 frontai systems measures, 9-17, 18-
24,34 gross cognitive functioning, 19, 32 hematomas, 4-5 intelligence, 10, 19, 26, 33 language function, 3-4, 7, II, 20,
26,33 learning and memory, 12,21-22,34 motor function, 22, 34 perceptual organization skills, 11-
12,20-21, 2fr.27 , 33-34 personality assessment, 4, 7, 35 response inhibition tasks, 13 sensory-perceptual and motor exam-
ination, II set shifting tasks, 22
Hematomas in head injury, 4-5 Hemiplegia with aphasia in cerebrovascu
lar accidents, 42 Hemispheres of brain; see also Right en
tries in cerebrovascular accidents, 41 tumors in right versus left, 139-140
Hemorrhage, cerebral, 40 bilateral occipitotemporal, 45-50 pattern of neuropsychological deficits
following, 42 Hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit,
205-211
Intellectual functioning; see also Intelligence; Intellectual scores
in residual learning disorder with compensation, 213
after right hemisphere cerebrovascular accidents, 62
in right parietal osteoma, 152-153
Intellectual impairment from brain tumors in childhood, 141
Intellectual scores; see also Intelligence; Intellectual functioning
in bilateral frontal cysts, 161 in epilepsy. 105-106 in probable somatization disorder, 248 and psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 235-236 in residual signs of attention deficit hy
peractivity disorder, 206 in seizure disorder
associated with psychosis, 128-129 associated with tuberous sclerosis,
115-116 severe, with marked cognitive dete
rioration, 123 in third ventricle tumor, 144-145
Intelligence; see also Intellectual functioning; Intellectual scores
Alzheimer's disease and, 75-77 after bilateral occipitotemporal hemor
rhage, 46-47 in chronic alcohol abuse, 174
documented intellectual decline, 180 probable alcoholic dementia, 179-
184 in cortical dementia, 80-81 after head injury, 10, 19, 26, 33 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 186 in multi-infarct dementia, 9fr.97 after mUltiple cerebrovascular acci-
dents, 57 in progressive dementing disorder, 92 in residual signs of developmental
learning disorder, 301 in subcortical dementia produced by
basal ganglia calcification, 87 IQ equivalents for corresponding Z
scores, percentile ranks and. 255-256
Korsakoff's disease, 167, l70-17l Korsakoff's syndrome, 185-190, 192
Language in Alzheimer's disease. 77 in bilateral frontal cysts, 161
after bilateral occipitotemporal hemor-rhage, 47
in chronic alcohol abuse, 175 in documented intellectual decline, 180 and feigning of cognitive deficits, 223 after head injury, 3-4, 7, II, 20. 26,
33 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 187 in multi-infarct dementia, 98 after multiple cerebrovascular acci-
dents, 57 in probable somatization dIsorder, 249 in progressive dementing disorder, 92 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 236 in residual learning disorder with com
pensation, 213 in residual signs of attention deficit hy
peractivity disorder. 206-207 in residual signs of developmental
learning disorder, 301 after right hemisphere cerebrovascular
accidents, 62 in right parietal osteoma, 153 in seizure disorder
associated with psychosis, 129-130 associated with tuberous sclerosis,
116 severe, with marked cognitive dete
rioration, 124 in subcortical dementia produced by
basal ganglia calcification, 87 in third ventricle tumor, 145 in Wernicke's aphasia, 52, 53
Learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease, 78 in chronic alcohol abuse, 176 in documented intellectual decline,
181-182 after head injury, 12,21-22,34 in progressive dementing disorder, 93 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 236, 238 in seizures associated with tubcrous
sclerosis, 117-118 in subcortical dementia produced by
basal ganglia <;alcification. 81, 88 verbal, in right parietal osteoma. 154 verbal (auditory) and nonverbal (visual)
in bilateral frontal cysts, 163
Subject Index 267
after head injury, 21-22 in Korsakoff's syndrome. 187-188 after multiple cerebrovascular acci-
dents. 58 in residual learning disorder with
compensation. 214 in seizure disorder associated with
psychosis. 131-132 in third ventricle tumor, 146-147
Learning disorders. adult presentation of. 193-218
dyslexia. 195 general. cognitive pattern of. 196-197 specific neuropsychological functioning
in, 197 types of
residual signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 205-211
residual signs of developmental learning disorder, 200-204
residual learning disorder with compensation, 212-217
Left hemisphere stroke, 41
Malingering. 219-220. 226-233 test procedures designed to detect,
223-224 Medical complications producing focal
damage in closed head injury, 4-5 Meningioma, 138 Memory; see also Learning and memory
after bilateral occipitotemporal hemorrhage, 47-48
in brain tumors, 140 and feigning of cognitive deficits,
223 after head injury, 4, 7 in Korsakoff's disease, 170-17l in multi-infarct dementia, 98-99 in probable somatization disorder,
attention and, 249 in residual signs of attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder, 208 in residual signs of developmental
learning disorder, 202 in subcortical dementia, 81 in Wernicke's aphasia, 54
Mental control in right parietal osteoma. 153
268 Subject Index
Mental flexibility, categorization, and response inhibition in seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis, 118
Metastatic brain tumor, 138 Motivation and cooperation with psycho
logical factors affecting physical condition, 238-239
in probable somatization disorder, 247-248
Motor functioning in Alzheimer's disease, 78 in bilateral frontal cysts, 161-162 in chronic alcohol abuse, 175 after head injury, 22, 34
sensory/perceptual and motor/sensory exam, 27
in Korsakoff's syndrome, 188-189 in multi-infarct dementia, 100 after multiple cerebrovascular acci
dents, 58-59 and psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 238 in residual signs of attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder, 207 in right parietal osteoma, sensory/per
ceptual functioning and, 153 in severe seizure disorder with marked
cognitive deterioration, 124 in third ventricle tumor, 145 in Wernicke's aphasia, 54
Multi-infarct dementia, 81, 95-102 Munchausen's syndrome, 219
Neuropsychiatric effects of long-term alcohol abuse, 167-192
Neuropsychiatric evaluation, xii-xv factors in
individual variability, xv, xvii interview, xii-xiii normative data, xix qualitative analysis, xvii report writing, xix-xxi test conditions, xviii test interpretation, xv, xvii-xix test score conversions, xviii-xix test-taking behavior, xvii testing approach, xiii-xv, xvi
purpose of, xi
Neuropsychiatric findings in epilepsy, 106-108
Neuropsychology and normal aging, 69-70
Osteoma, right parietal, 151-158
Percentile ranks and IQ equivalents for corresponding Z-scores, 255-256
Perceptual organization skills in bilateral frontal cysts, 163 after bilateral occipitotemporal hemor
rhage, 47 after head injury, 11-12,20-21, 26-
27, 33-34 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 187 in multi-infarct dementia, 98 after multiple cerebrovascular acci
dents, 58 in probable somatization disorder,
248-249 with psychological factors affecting
physical condition, 236 in residual signs of attention deficit hy
peractivity disorder, 207 after right hemisphere cerebrovascular
accidents, 63 in seizure disorder
associated with psychosis, 130-131 associated with tuberous sclerosis,
117 severe, with marked cognitive dete
rioration, 124 in subcortical dementia produced by
basal ganglia calcification, 88 in third ventricle tumor, 145-146 in Wernicke's aphasia, 52
Personality in Alzheimer's disease, 78-79 in documented intellectual decline, al-
coholic, 182 in epilepsy, 110 after head injury, 4, 7, 35 in Korsakoff's syndrome, 188-189 in multi-infarct dementia, 100 after multiple cerebrovascular acci
dents, 59
in probable somatization disorder. 249-250
with psychological factors affecting physical condition. 239-240
in residual learning disorder with compensation. 214-215
in right parietal osteoma. brief evaluation. 156
in seizure disorder associated with psychosis, 132-133
in subcortical dementia pro~uced by basal ganglia calcification. 88
Pick's disease, 73, 79 Post-concussion syndrome, 4, 7 Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA), 6, 7 Prognostic factors: coma and post-trau-
matic amnesia, 5 Progressive dementing disorder, 91-94 Pseudodementia, 82 Pseudoseizures, 109 Psychiatric disorders resulting from head
trauma, 7 Psychological factors affecting physical
condition, 220, 233-242
Radiation treatment of tumors, effects of, on cognitive functioning, 141
Rage attacks, 31-32 Residual learning disorder with compen
sation, 212-217 Residual signs of attention deficit hyper
activity disorder, 205-211 Residual signs of developmental learning
disorder, 200-204 Response inhibition tasks after head inju
ry, 13,22 Right hemisphere cerebrovascular acci
dents, 61-66 stroke, 41
hemispatial neglect and. 43-44 Right hemisphere lesions with visuo
perceptual dysfunction, 67 Right parietal osteoma, 151-158
Seizure(s) associated with tuberous sclerosis,
114-121 defined, 104
generalized, 104 partial, 104
Seizure disorder
Subject Index 269
associated with psychosis, 127-135 severe, with marked cognitive deterio
ration, 121, 122-126 Sensory/motor skills after bilateral occip
itotemporal hemorrhage, 47 Sensory/perceptual skills
and motor skills after head injury, II in residual signs of developmental
learning disorder, 202 in right parietal osteoma, 153 in seizure disorder associated with
psychosis, 130 in seizures associated with tuberous
sclerosis, 116 in residual learning disorder with com
pensation, 214 Set shifting tasks
in chronic alcohol abuse, 176 after head injury, 22
Shearing/tearing effects of head injury, 4 Slowness in subcortical syndrome, 80 Solution of novel, complex tasks in
chronic alcoholics, 169 Somatization disorder, 219
probable, 243-252 review of medical records in, 244-
246 Speed of performance in chronic alcohol
ics, 169 Stroke victim recovery patterns, 43
CT scan findings in predicting, 43 Subcortical dementias, 80-81
basal ganglia calcification producing, 85-90
and dementia syndrome of depression, 82
Subdural hematoma, 5
Thrombosis, cerebral, 40 Transient ischemic attacks (TlAs), 42-43 Tuberous sclerosis, seizures associated
with, 114-121 Tumors, brain
in childhood, intellectual impairment from, 141
270 Subject Index
Tumors, brain (cont.)
and cysts, 137-166 bilateral frontaL 159-165
definition, 137 effects of radiation and chemotherapy
treatment of, on cognitive functioning, 141
general symptoms of, 138 right parietal osteoma, 151-158 third ventricle, 143-150 types of, 137-138
Verbal (auditory) memory in multi-infarct dementia, 98-99 nonverbal and, 27-28
after right hemisphere cerebrovascular accidents, 63-64
Visual (nonverbal) memory in multiinfarct dementia, 99
Visual perception/construction/memory in right parietal osteoma, 154-155
Visual-perceptual-organizational and constructional abilities in subcortical dementia, 81
Visuo-perceptual dysfunction, right hemisphere lesions with, 67
Visuo-spatial abilities in Alzheimer's disease, 77-78 in chronic alcoholics, 168, 175
in documented intellectual decline, 181
in progressive dementing disorder, 92-93
Wernicke's aphasia, 42,51-55
Z-scores, IQ equivalents for corresponding, and percentile ranks, 255-256
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