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OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH:

The principal objective of research it to find solutions toproblems in a systematic way. In general, the

objectives of research can be specified as: To acquire familiarity with a phenomenon. To study the

frequency of connection or independence of any activity or occurrence. To determine the

characteristics of an individual or a group of activities and the frequencyof the occurrence of these

activities. To test a hypothesis about a causal relationship that exists between variables.The first step in

research is setting the objectives for which their study is to be undertaken.It is essential that objectives

are set before hand. The objectives must be hierarchical,quantifiable, realistic and verifiable.The main

objective of this study is to study how the employees value for rewards andrecognition (non-monetary

rewards) in Tata Consultant.

Period of study:

The time period was three months for the study, starting from January to March _ _ _ _.

DataUsed:

The type of data collected comprises of Primary data and Secondary data.Primary data is the first hand

data collected from the employees. It was collected throughquestionnaire.Secondary data for the study

has been compiled from the reports and official publication of the organization, which have been helped

in getting an insight of the present scenarioexisting in the operation of the company.

Method and Research DesignPURPOSE

The method section answers these two main questions:1. How was the data collected or generated?2.

How was it analyzed?In other words, it shows your reader how you obtained your results.But why do

you need to explain how you obtained your results?We need to know how the data was obtained

because the method affects the results. Forinstance, if you are investigating users' perceptions of the

efficiency of public transport inBangkok, you will obtain different results if you use a multiple choice

questionnaire than if you conduct interviews. Knowing how the data was collected helps the reader

evaluate thevalidity and reliability of your results, and the conclusions you draw from them.

Often there are different methods that we can use to investigate a researchproblem. Your methodology

should make clear the reasons why you chose a particularmethod or procedure.The reader wants to

know that the data was collected or generated in a way that isconsistent with accepted practice in the

field of study. For example, if you are using aquestionnaire, readers need to know that it offered your

respondents a reasonable range of answers to choose from (asking if the efficiency of public transport in

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Bangkok is "a.excellent, b. very good or c. good" would obviously not be acceptable as it does not

allowrespondents to give negative answers).The research methods must be appropriate to the

objectives of the study. If youperform a case study of one commuter in order to investigate users'

perceptions of theefficiency of public transport in Bangkok, your method is obviously unsuited to

yourobjectives.The methodology should also discuss the problems that were anticipated andexplain the

steps taken to prevent them from occurring, and the problems that did occurand the ways their impact

was minimized.In some cases, it is useful for other researchers to adapt or replicate yourmethodology,

so often sufficient information is given to allow others to use the work. Thisis particularly the case when

a new method had been developed, or an innovativeadaptation used.During the capital budgeting

process answers to the following questions are sought:

y

What projects are good investment opportunities to the firm?

y

From this group which assets are the most desirable to acquire?

y

How much should the firm invest in each of these assets

WHAT IS CAPITAL BUDGETING?

Capital budgeting is a required managerial tool. One duty of a financial manager is tochoose investments

with satisfactory cash flows and rates of return. Therefore, a financialmanager must be able to decide

whether an investment is worth undertaking and be ableto choose intelligently between two or more

alternatives. To do this, a sound procedure toevaluate, compare, and select projects is needed. This

procedure is called capitalbudgeting.Capital budgeting is investment decision-making as to whether a

project is worthundertaking. Capital budgeting is basically concerned with the justification of

capitalexpenditures.

Current expenditures are short-term and are completely written off in the same yearthat expenses

occur. Capital expenditures are long-term and are amortized over a periodof years are required by the

IRS.

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CAPITAL IS A LIMITED RESOURCE

In the form of either debt or equity, capital is a very limited resource. There is a limit to thevolume of

credit that the banking system can create in the economy. Commercial banksand other lending

institutions have limited deposits from which they can lend money toindividuals, corporations, and

governments. In addition, the Federal Reserve Systemrequires each bank to maintain part of its depositsas reserves. Having limited resources tolend, lending institutions are selective in extending loans to their

customers. But even if abank were to extend unlimited loans to a company, the management of that

companywould need to consider the impact that increasing loans would have on the overall cost of

financing.In reality, any firm has limited borrowing resources that should be allocated among thebest

investment alternatives. One might argue that a company can issue an almost unlimited amount of

common stock to raise capital. Increasing the number of shares of company stock, however, will serve

only to distribute the same amount of equity among agreater number of shareholders. In other words,

as the number of shares of a companyincreases, the company ownership of the individual stockholder

may proportionallydecrease.The argument that capital is a limited resource is true of any form of

capital, whetherdebt or equity (short-term or long-term, common stock) or retained earnings,accountspayable or notes payable, and so on. Even the best-known firm in an industry or acommunity

can increase its borrowing up to a certain limit. Once this point has beenreached, the firm will either be

denied more credit or be charged a higher interest rate,making borrowing a less desirable way to raise

capital.Faced with limited sources of capital, management should carefully decide whether aparticular

project is economically acceptable. In the case of more than one project,management must identify the

projects that will contribute most to profits and,consequently, to the value (or wealth) of the firm. This,

in essence, is the basis of capitalbudgeting