www.huawei.com

X-EthernetEthernet Everywhere

Network Technology Lab of 2012 Labs

2

A Unified Ethernet Network – Ethernet Everywhere

Ethernet

DCService Latency jitter

CPRI <100us +-8.138ns

Inter-site CoMP 250us --

Smart Grid <5ms (<500km) +-10us

Industry4.0 ns ~ ms Low jitter

Low latency S1 < 1ms --

E ECPE

E

E

E

Enterprise

E

Broadband

RouterE ERouterE

E

Router

Fronthaul / Backhaul

Metro Network

E BBUERouter

E

E

All Ethernet

Standard, perfect interoperability

Mature ecosystem, lost cost

But difficult to support some new Apps

Ultra-Low Latency Requirement

New emerging service

Different level of latency requirement

Beyond packet latency / jitter capability

3

FlexEthernet Use Cases

MACFlexESHIM

PHY

Scenario1: Sub rate

MACFlexESHIM

PHY

MAC

Scenario2:Channelized

MACFlexESHIM

PHY

PHY

Scenario3: Bonding

Scenario2: Channelized Ethernet is used for slicing.Each port has 20 channels at maximum.Minimum channel band is 1/20 port band.

•••

Length 20n Master Calendar

PHY A slot 19

PHY A slot 0

PHY B slot 19

PHY B slot 0

PHY C slot 19

PHY C slot 0

PHY D slot 19

PHY D slot 0

Programmability

Isolation

Flexibility

4

FlexEthernet Implementation

64/66B

Encode

64/66B

Encode

64/66B

Encode

64/66B

EncodePCS Upper

FlexE Shim

PCS Lower

PMA / PMD

a

Client-a Client-b Client-x Client-y

PHY 1 PHY 2 PHY n

b b x …… a …… ……

1 2 3 4 20 1 2 20 1 20 Slot Num

Scramble Scramble Scramble

100G 100G 100G

……

5

What is X-Ethernet

X-Ethernet is a technology set we are engaged in;

Main purpose of X-Ethernet is resolving deterministic ultra-low latency challenge;

Extremely Deterministic Latency

Expanded Applications

Extremely Simple Maintenance

Network Hard Slicing

Extremely High Speed/Density

Extremely Low Latency

NG DCN physical layer traffic isolation

High Level Modulation + FEC

On-line AR/VR

AI

X-haul (Front haul + Back haul)

Ethernet-compatible operation knowledge

Simplified Strong OAM

Auto Discovery, Auto Configuration

Loss Less (no buffer reason Loss)

Deterministic Performance

PCS layer switching

Hybrid Multiplexing

hard pipe

statistic multiplexing

Flexible Multi-Rate

Channelized, Pipelined,

Fast Hitless Resizing/Reconfiguration

X-EEthernet

EverywhereForwarding Based On Bit Block

6

X-Ethernet Forwarding

Forwarding in lower layer can have lower latency

X-Ethernet make use of Ethernet PCS layer code block forwarding

Less L

ate

ncy

Be

tter D

ete

rmin

istic

Effe

ct

Framing

FEC

Store-ForwardLine CodingSwitching

Address LookupPacket Forwarding

Routing

TCP WindowingFlow Control

Packet Retransmission

ApplicationPresentation

Session

Bits

Frames

Packets

Segments

Data

1

2

3

4

765

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Application

PMD

Medium

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

PMA

PCS

RS

MAC

IP / MPLS L3

MediumL0

Eth

ern

et

L2

X-Ethernet

7

X-Ethernet E2E Hard Pipe

PHY

PHY

Media

L2 / L3

X-E Node

PCS

PHY

PCSX-E

Relay

Media

X-ENode

X-ENode

EndStation

EndStation

PHY

X-E Node

PCS

PHY

PCSX-E

Relay

Media

L2 / L3 forwarding L2 / L3 forwarding

End Station End Station

PHY

L2 / L3

X-Ethernet can provide E2E hard pipes using PCS layer forwarding

100G

Link

100G

Link

Pipe

Pipe

Pipe

Pipe

Why low latency

• No store-and-forward, no buffering

• No MAC/IP table lookup

• No scheduling / queuing, no congestion, no packet loss and retransmission

8

X-Ethernet Hybrid Multiplexing

X-E Hybrid Multiplexing supports sharing unused bandwidth of X-E hard

pipes with background traffic to raise network utilization;

Network

Node

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 1

Network

Node

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 2

Background

Traffic

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 1

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 2

Background

Traffic

Traditional Hard Pipe (no sharing)

X-Ethernet

Node

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 1

X-Ethernet

Node

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 2

Background

Traffic

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 1

Foreground Traffic

Hard Pipe 2

Background

Traffic

X-Ethernet’s Hard Pipe (Hybrid Multiplexing)

9

PCS

Multiple Forwarding Modes

Physical

PCS Up

X-E / FlexE

PCS Low

PCS

MAC

IP / MPLS

Medium

Physical

MAC

IP / MPLS

Medium

Routing

SwitchingMAC / MPLS / IP

Forwarding

PCS Layer Forwarding

PCS Code Block / L2 / L3 forwarding capability Multiple forwarding modes in parallel in a

single device or even single link

PCS Up

X-E / FlexE

PCS Low

X-Ethernet Forwarding

10

Multiple Modes for Various Services

2G/3G/4G/5G

Internet

Macro cellsmall cell

RRU BBU Pool

Multiple forwarding modes for various type of services respectively

An Integrated network for multiple types of service

X-E

X-E

X-E

11

X-Ethernet Use Cases

Network based AR/VR with 20ms Motion to Photons Latency/Round Trip

Time; Latency Budget for Network is limited as 1~5ms

HFT: High Frequency Trading, Time is

Money, Latency means profit loss

DC DC

DC DC

DC DCDCN,DCI

StdE

Low

LatencyHigh

Density

Easy Use,

Simple

Maintenance

Long

Reach

Efficient

Hybrid

Multiplexing

Flexible

Multi Rate

Unified Eth

Based Network

Application

Expanded

FlexE

X-E

Cloud Service,

Computation, CDN

Internet of Things

Financial VR

AR

Low end to end latency, High Throughput Future Mobile Fronthaul and Backhaul

Low Latency and High Capacity/Density

Low latency, Timing sensitive Low Latency, Vast Connectivity,

Industrial Networking

4.0

12

Use Case 1 – Ethernet Leased Line

X-E

Branch

Branch

Headquarter

X-E X-E

Company

Office

Internet

DC B

DC A

E2E hard pipe – fine granularity – 1G, N*1G, which is an enhancement to FlexE spec

Security – physical layer traffic isolation

QoS – Guaranteed bandwidth; very low latency; no packet loss

Dynamic bandwidth adjustment

13

UseCase 2：Xhaul - Converged Fronthaul/Backhaul

NE5G

RRU

4.5GRRU

LTERRU

3G/LTEeNodeB

EPC

X-Haul Network for integrated fronthaul and backhaul

CPRI

CPRI

NGFI/eCPRIDC1

vBBUPool

S1DC2

vBBUPool

E-X2

• Fronthaul（CPRI） : 100us(20km)/200us(40km);

• Backhaul :10us~1ms;

• Provide deterministic ultra-low latency closed to the physical limitation for wider Fronthaul scale；

• One Device，One interface，One Fiber for both Fronthauland Backhaul traffic；

• Fronthaul/Backhaul On Demand;

• Hitless Bandwidth Adjustment

• High bandwidth utilization by creative hybrid multiplexing；

• Achieve deterministic ultra-latency forwarding layer, based on Ethernet PHY Core;

• Leverage Ethernet mature ecosystem;

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

X-E Inside

X-E Inside

X-E Inside

X-E Inside

X-E Inside

X-E Inside X-E Inside

X-E Inside

One network, one technology for both Fronthaul and Backhaul

Integrated Fronthaul / Backhaul – XHAUL (http://www.5g-xhaul-

project.eu/index.html)

X-Ethernet Prototype

Copyright©2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating

results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially

from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an

offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.

16

FlexE Architecture

Reference: http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-FLEXE-01.0.pdf

17

FlexE CalendarReference: http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-FLEXE-01.0.pdf

Reference: http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-FLEXE-01.0.pdf

18

FlexE OverheadReference: http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-FLEXE-01.0.pdf

Reference: http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-FLEXE-01.0.pdf

19

Ethernet Evolution

X-Ethernet will be the evolution direction of Ethernet

10M,100M,1000M

10GE,40GE,100GE

2.5GE,5GE,25GE,50GE

200GE,400GE,…

OIF FlexE 10/40GE,

nx25GE,mx5GE…

…

Flexible Multi-rate interface

Standard Ethernet

InterfaceStandard Fix Rate

Phase 1

Flex Ethernet

InterfaceFlexible Multi Rate

Phase 2 Deterministic EXtremely low latency: ~100ns

EXpanded service : XHAUL,HPC, SAN,

Industrial Internet

EXtremely Simple Maintenance

EXtremely High Speed/Density

FleXible rate pipe

Phase 3

X-Ethernet

NetworkEthernet Everywhere

20

5G xHAUL vs Crosshaul

21

Use Case 2 – Xhaul – Integrated Fronthaul/Backhaul

Internet

Edge DC Mobile Core

Mobile Backhaul Slice

EPCIP / MPLS

BackhaulIP / MPLS

Backhaul

Mobile Fronthaul + Backhaul Slice

BBUX-E

Fronthaul EPCIP / MPLS

Backhaul

X-E

X-E

X-E

X-E

X-E

X-E

X-E X-E

X-E

X-E

X-E

Fronthaul, Backhaul, IoT, Broadband, VPN, etc.

One network, one technology for both Fronthaul and Backhaul

Integrated Fronthaul / Backhaul – XHAUL (http://www.5g-xhaul-project.eu/index.html)

22

Progress of X-Ethernet Prototype

Use FPGA to prove two key features:

150/200ns single node Latency, 1ns jitter per 3 nodes

CPRI transparently transmission

Two 10G ports support CPRI Option7 and Native 10GE. Six 100G ports support X-Ethernet and Native 100GE

CPRI Option7

X-E No.1 X-E No.2 X-E No.3

100GE

CPRI Tester

Network Performance Tester

X-E

(CPRI Option7)

X-E

(100GE)