X-AFP Training Dec09

1

xAFP Training

December 2009

2

Training Course Objectives

• Intended for RF planning and optimization engineers,

this course is an introduction to the Optimi xAFP tool and

the frequency planning process.

– Students will be learning how to:

• Collect relevant input data required to build AFP projects

• Build AFP projects

• Analyze and validate input data

• Perform BCCH, TCH, BSIC, retunes

• Create reports and export frequency plans.

• Duration of this course is 3 Days

3

Agenda – Day 1 - Morning

9:00am to 12:30pm, with 3x 10 min breaks

• Tool Installation……………………………….....................Slide 9

– License Request 9

– Install full installation 9

– Install upgrades 9

• The xAFP environment……………………………………Slides 10-22

– Map view 11

– Layers manager 14

– Message Log 15

– Pivot table 17

– Edit Sector / Edit Network 18

– Task flow manager/Executor 20

– Default Parameters Importation 22

• xAFP Project Creation from RAW Data ………….........Slides 23-49

– Organizing File and Folder Structure 24

– xAFP Project Creation Overview and Summary 26

– Physical Data Importation 29

– Creating Groups 32

4

2:00pm to 5:30pm, with 3x 10 min breaks

• xAFP Project Creation from RAW Data (Cont’ed).....Slides 23-49

– Network Data Importation 33

– Traffic Data Importation 36

– Importing RXQUAL / RXLEV 38

– Traffic Spreading between layers 39

– HO Data Importation 40

– TCH demand Importation 41

– Database Cross Validation & Consistency Checks 42

– BSIC Audit and mobile measurements collection 45

• Interference Matrix (IM)…………………………………. Slides 50-78

– Sources for IM generation 51

– Scan List Generator 56

– MMR Importation 58

– Managing Multiple IMs 66

– IM validation 68

Agenda – Day 1 - Afternoon

5



• Interference Matrix (IM)…(Cont’ed)…….……………. Slides 50-78

– IM validation Tests 69

– Consistency Check Report 74

– IM Validation via RxQual Comparison 77

• QoS simulator……………………………………………..Slides 79-92

– Simulator Overview 80

– Curves Data 81

– QoS Simulator Settings 82

– Correlation Reports Analysis and Results 86

• IM update…………………………………………………...Slides 93-98

– Blind Spots 95

– Interferers insertion 97

• Optimization…………………………………………….…Slides 99-124

– Setup Network parameters 100

– AFP settings (explanation of constraints) 103

6


• Optimization (Cont’ed)……………………………….…Slides 99-124

– Optimizable parameters 104

– Optimization Parameters 109

– Optimization costs 112

– Default Settings for Ad-Hoc Optimizer 113

– Costs Per Sector/Freq Report 116

– HSN/MAIO Planning 117

– BCCH and TCH Plan Review 118

– Global Frequency Plan Review 119

– Simulation with the Optimized Freq Plan 121

– Scoring and comparing frequency plans 122

– xAFP exports 124


7



• xAFP Additional Features………………………………Slides 125-130

– IM Override 127

– Inserting Site/Sectors 128

– Neighbor List Audit 129

• xAFP Displays and Reports…………………………….Slides 131-151

• TCH Retune Methodology Key Points & Summary…Slides 152-161

– Frequency Planning Strategies 153

– BCCH retune methodology 154

– TCH retune methodology 156

– Retune Process Summary 159

• Support Information………………………………………….Slide 162

8


• Hands on Exercise – Lab Session

– Full xAFP exercise (Part 1)

• Import all required data

• Validate imported data (physical data, traffic, IM…..)

• Create groups (Optimization area, buffer area….)

• Set appropriate parameters values (for “Simulation” and “Optimization”)

• Run QOS (Validate Predicted vs. Measured QOS, RMSE, scattered

plot…..)

• Run Optimization (multiple scenarios, comparisons……

• Review results, spot retunes, worst offenders…..


9

Tool Installation and License Info

• Send e-mail to [email protected], to request a license

• Install xAFP • Full Installation

• Upgrade to a new version if you already have xAFP installed

• Copy license file, .lic, to the …\Optimi\Optimi X\ folder

• Run xAFP • Double click on AcpAfp.exe

• Create a shortcut for AcpAfp.exe on the desktop

• Send e-mail to Optimi License to get an activation code • Do not hit CANCEL on the activation window

• Copy and paste (or type) the activation code

• xAFP is running on your local machine

• If license expires send an e-mail to Optimi License to request a new

license: • You will need to attach your license file, .lic

• Optimi will send you a new .lic file to install

mailto:[email protected]

10

xAFP Environment

The xAFP Environment

Chapter 1

11


Four Main Windows to view, edit, and

modify data.

• Spatial view (map view)

• Tools/View (layers manager)

• Olap view (pivot table)

• Edit sector, and network view

(forms)

Spatial view, layers, forms, and pivot

tables are synchronized

12


Main Menu

& Toolbar

Runs on all Windows Platforms

Menu Driven Application

Tool Bar Available for major

operations

Spatial View

13


Earth Tab

14

Layers Manager

• Layer Manager -> Allows users to enabled/disable layers for display such as Polygons, Rasters, Maps,

and project specific Physical, Network, RF, QoS and Traffic data.

• Network Manager -> It allows users to view and access Project Network Information in a tree like format

like that of Windows Explorer.

• Configuration Manager -> Allows users to view information about different configurations

• Menu items -> It allows uses access all Menu through tree like format

Layer Manager Network Manager Configuration

Manager Menu Items

15

Message Log

• Dockable Tools/Views

• Customizable toolbars

• Colored and dockable message Log

User Messages are presented

in different colors depending on

the importance of the message

16

Message Log

• Records error and warning messages

• Limited display length:

– Open general.log in C:\Documents and

Settings\<user_name>\Application Data\Optimi\user

• View Message Log (CTRL+M)

17

View OLAP Table Network GSM BCCH distribution OR

Menu Items Layer View OLAP Table Network GSM BCCH distribution

Pivot Table

Export to… CSV, Excel, XML and HTML

Olap View (Pivot Table) • Convenient way to select and filter

sectors based on parameter values

• Allows user to analyze

• Physical

• Network

• RF

• Traffic

• QoS

Graphical distribution

of parameter values

18

Edit Sector … or Menu Item Layer Edit Sector..

Edit Sector

List of

sectors

Name

Query

Groups

Edit Sector View • Displays the hard and soft

parameters for every sector

in the network

• Tab Driven Form

• Editing of Multiple sectors

supported

19

• Frequency Allocations • BCCH/TCH

• Add/Remove Frequencies

• MA Lists • View/Edit Hopping Lists

• System Parameters • Edit System Properties

• Access Method

• Channel Allocation

• Spatial View Settings • Adjust Spatial View C/I

• Pivot Table • Adjust/Edit Pivot table View

Settings

Edit Network … or

Menu Item Layer Edit Network …

Edit Network

20

Task Flow Manager Executor

• Designed to simplify the navigation of the tool menu and to assist in

the creation of reproducible engineering processes

– Once a Task Flow is defined, it can be distributed to other engineers

• 2 modes of operation

– (TFM) Manager

ability to define the

steps needed to

reproduce a process

– (TFE) Executor

follow the steps

defined by the

manager

21

Task Flow Manager / Executor

• Creating a process is as simple as dragging and dropping a menu item from the right side of the screen to the left

• All menu items in the application are available in the TFM, including Pivot Tables and Spatial views

• Each Task Flow that you create as user is stored in an xml file in [inst_folder]\Optimi X\system\task-templates

22

Default Parameters importation

• xAFP presents a grand variety of parameters that can be tuned to adapt xAFP to a great variety of networks and situations.

• Optimization and/or simulation parameters can be imported (default.sim, default.gop)

• Importation to current project and/or default directory

• Great advantage: company specific default parameters can be distributed to its engineers

23

xAFP project creation from

RAW data

Chapter 2

24

File and Folder Structure

• Program files

– Default

• Projects

– Recommendation:

• Keep well organized

• Give meaningful names

• One project can contain multiple configurations (different

frequency plans)

25

Copying & Organizing data into folders

26

xAFP Project Creation Overview

27

xAFP Project Creation Summary

• Physical Data

• All sites to be retuned (core) as well as all relevant outer tiers (buffer) must be included and flagged as core or buffer

• Switch Files

• BSC readout Files (one per BSC)

• Mobile Measurements

• Mobile measurement reports from Nokia, Siemens, Ericsson, Motorola, Alcatel , Huawei and ZTE are supported

• Collected daily in defined periods

• RxQual & RxLev Stat per Sector Basis

• Traffic, Hand-off Statistics and RxQual/RxLev data collected at the same time MMR is collected or at least during busy hours

28

xAFP Project Creation Summary

• Frequency planning constraints

• Combiner constraints, repeaters, local knowledge information.

• Traffic

• Use the last 4 weeks. Average the top 4 peak traffic ISBH values.

• Interference is dependent on the ABSOLUTE traffic.

• Plan integrity needs to be high during its busiest time

• HO Stats

• Use the most recent DAILY HO attempts. Last 4 weeks

• Remove outliers/glitches, take daily average

29

Import Physical database

• File Import Physical Generic Importer…

30

Importing Physical Database

Generic Importer

• Allows user to specify the

Physical database format

through the Data Format Tab

• Allows to Mapped physical

database fields to Optimi

xAFP format through the

Field Mapping Tab.

• It also allows to save a

template for future use.

31

Import Physical database

• As a result of the importation the following Optimi files are created: • <project-name>.physical.sector.csv

• <project-name>.physical.site.csv

• The list of cells in the physical database will decide the set of cells we will be working with.

• How to create xAFP physical files • Using XLS

• From Wizard

• From Planet EV

• Pegaplan…

32

Creation of Groups

• Objective/Comments

– Classify sectors in various groups (Create .csv file, see sample file format)

– You may use any groups you would like. Examples include:

• TCH_Frequency_Group

• BCCH_Frequency_Group

• BSC

• # TRXs

• Cell Status (ON-AIR or New)

• To Import groups

• - File Import Groups …

• Ensure all sectors belong to a group

– Use View Pivot Table Network GSM All …

– Ensure no group has the option “Unassigned”

• Practice how to select sectors from various groups

– For example, sectors with Status=On-Air

• Create groups within the tool (Edit Group…)

33

Import of Network Configuration (I)

• Parameter Filter • Sectors Filters by Group

• Input Data Filter

• Main xAFP files – <project-name>.network.gsm.sector.csv

(BCCH,BSIC,MAL,UL/OL)

– <project-name>.network.gsm.trx.csv (TCH TRX per cell,

MAIO, TCH channel, hopping type)

– <project-name>.network.gsm.mal.csv (frequencies in each

MAL)

– <project-name>.network.gsm.neighbor.csv (neighbor list)

34

Import Options

• Merge into Current Configuration – Updates

network data for the sectors being imported

• Overwrite clears out all existing network

information from the configuration and imports all

network data from scratch.

• Preserve existing neighbor relationships,

preserves existing neighbor lists during the import

for all cells in the configuration.

• Preserve unique MAL definitions, keeps the

existing MAL names within the configuration.

Import of Network Configuration (II)

35

Network Data (GSM) Contains:

Project Frequency Band

Sector BCCH Frequencies

Sector BSIC

Sector TRX Information

Sector MA List

Sector HSN #

Import of Network Configuration (III)

Network Data (Neighbors) Contains:

Neighbor Relations

HO Counts

BCCH/BSIC pair of Neighbor

External Neighbor Info can also be viewed

36

Traffic data creation for AFP and QoS

• Objective

– Import busy hour (ISBH) traffic data to use for optimization

– Import traffic for the Joint RXQUAL/RXLEV recording period for IM

validation

– Create the Optimi X format

• Multiple traffic values per cell

• Tool average out traffic values and assigns it per cell

• Main Optimi X files created

• <project-name>. traffic.voice.gsm.csv

37

Generating Traffic from SACCH Reports


– Create traffic data in Optimi X format from Joint RXLEV/RXQUAL

– Compare estimated traffic from Joint RXLEV/RXQUAL with traffic from switch

• How to calculate Erlangs from Joint RXLEV/RXQUAL report

– Every measurement report has a duration of 480 msec (GSM SACCH period)

– If we have 1,000,000 reports received by the cell site it means that the cell was utilized for

1,000,000*480 msec=480,000 secs = 8,000 minutes or 8,000 MoUs

If these reports were recorded during the entire day, i. 24 hrs then

Traffic in Erlangs = 8,000 MoUs/(24*60 minutes) = 5.55 erlangs

– Converting # of SACCH Measurement Reports to Subscriber Erlangs

MoUs= (# of SACCH Reports)*(0.48/60) minutes

Traffic(E) =MoUs/(60*# of Hours of Recording)

– Note that Traffic (E) represents Subscriber Erlangs, i.e. does not account for HR traffic

x-AFPSpecial utilities…

Number of total hours

or MRR/RxQual

recordings

38

Measured RXQUAL and RXLEV Data


– Import Measured RXQUAL data per cell

– Import Measured RXLEV data per cell

– Compare Measured RXQUAL with Predicted RXQUAL

– The comparison will tell us how accurately we can predict RXQUAL

• Main Optimi X files created

• <project-name>.gsm.qos.measured.rx.csv

39

Traffic spreading on channel groups and UL/OL

• Use xAFP “Special Utilities”

– x-AFP Special Utilities Split Traffic Between Underlays/Overlays

…

• Objective

– Spread traffic on channel groups

40

HO attempts data creation • Objective

– Convert a report of Daily # of HO attempts to an Optimi X format

– Output is the average daily of # of HO attempts for each neighbor relationship

• Optimi X file created

– <project-name>. network.gsm.ho.csv

• Importing HO stats in Optimi X

– File Import Network GSM HO Counts Optimi …

• Spreading # of HO attempts in the UL/OL

– x-AFP Special Utilities Split Handoff Statistics Between Underlay/Overlay

41

Import # of TCH TRUs per cell

• Objective

– Show a sample file that can be used to import the # of TCH TRUs in

xAFP

• xAFP file modified

– <project-name>. network.gsm.trx.csv

• xAFP file to be imported

– <any name>.network.gsm.tch_demand.csv

• Importing TCH TRU demand

– File Import Network GSM TCH Demand Optimi …

– Two Options Merge and Append

– Note that if # of TCH TRUs is LESS than current configuration then

#TRX is NOT updated!!!!

42

Database Cross Validation

• How to identify inconsistencies

– Reconciliation files after importing data

– Review sectors with no BCCH, no neighbors… (Potential Missing Data)

– Review the xAFP messages in Msg Log Window

– Run Consistency Check Options tool

43

Consistency Check

• Objectives

– Identify database inconsistencies amongst:

• ON-AIR cells

• Traffic report

• Switch file

• Mobile measurement reports

• RxQual/RxLev measurements

• Typical database inconsistencies/flags

– Physical Database cells not On-Air

– On-Air cells not in Physical Database

– On-Air cells in traffic report but have very low traffic

– Co/Adj Channel Conflicts

– On-Air cells in IM but with very few interferers

– Wrong location

– On-Air neighbor cells not declared in the active BA list

44

Consistency Check

Severity and suggestion to fix

each inconsistency are logged

45

BSIC Audit (Before running Recordings)

• Objective

– Identify a list of cells with close Co-BCCH-BSIC reuse (< 15

miles/24 Km)

– Retune the BSIC for this set of cells

• Use BSIC Report in xAFP to determine the cells with Co-BCCH-

BSIC reuse:

– View Pivot Table Network GSM CO-BCCH/BSIC

Conflict Report …

– Distance is specified in Km ( Dist(miles) = Dist(Km)/1.6 )

• Select to optimize the BSIC ONLY for cells with Co-BCCH-BSIC

reuse < 15 miles

• Optimize BSIC for cells with Co-BCCH-BSIC reuse < 15 miles

– x-AFP Optimization

– Select BSIC to optimize

46

BSIC Audit (Sample BSIC Report)

47

BSIC Optimization Default Settings

•Interference Matrix can be used as interference source (if IM is available)

•If previous option is used while calculating the interference signal levels, the

optimizer will consider the C/I values from the project IM

48

BSIC Optimization Default Settings

Additional costs for second order relations:

• Neighbor-Neighbor

• Neighbor-Interferer

• External neighbor-External Neighbor

49

• BCCH & BSIC conflict report improved to perform consistency checks on

external neighbors and 2nd order neighbors:

• "2nd Order Ext Nbrs" checks the conflicts if two sectors that are neighbor to same

external cell share the same BCCH-BSIC combination

• "2nd Order Nbr-Interf" column checks if the "sector" is a neighbor of a common cell while

"sector2" is the interferer of that cell.

BCCH & BSIC conflict resolution

50

Interference Matrix

(IM)

Chapter 3

51

IM Sources of Generation

• Drive test IM • Useful in performing what-if scenarios, i.e., RF changes can be

drive tested to generate new IM matrix

• Time intensive to collect

• Require several scanners running simultaneously

• Switch based IM • Provides interference picture exactly where mobile calls are

placed

• Takes some time to collect (Approx 2 Weeks)

• Propagation model IM • Fastest way to generate IM

• IM can be modified immediately based on RF changes

• Heavily dependent on the accuracy of the propagation model

52

Drive Test IM

• Pros:

– Accurate RSSI measurements

– Provides a very accurate C/I description at every measured location

– Serving area of the victim cell

• Independent of the frequency assignment

• Based on the strongest RSSI and hysteresis value

• Cons:

– Very expensive and time consuming

– RSSI measured on street level only

• Does not take in-building measurements

• Subscriber traffic distribution is uniform along roads

– Actual traffic not represented

– Older drive test equipment cannot always differentiate between

interferers

– Incorrect BSIC or readings are likely to occur

53

Switched Based IM •Pros:

– High accuracy (based on RSSI measurements on the phone)

– Takes into account EXACT traffic distribution of subscribers • C/I calculated exactly where calls are placed

• Accounts for subscribers in buildings

– Less time and money

– No need to define actual cell serving areas

– Takes into account • HCS, Underlay / Overlay, Handovers, Neighbor relations

•Cons: – No location information, i.e. coordinates

– Interferer is identified by BCCH-BSIC

– Blind Spots often occur • Interference form sectors with same BCCH

• Error decoding BSIC if Victim-Interferer ΔRSL is small

• Accuracy of the IM is somewhat dependent on the BSIC plan

• BCCH-BSIC reuse needs to be optimized

• Serving areas dependent on frequency plan

– A mapping of BCCH/BSIC to cell ID is required

– Missing neighbors and interferers • Only the 6 strongest interferers are reported (neighbors are a priority)

• Max # of interferers per victim cell is 64

54

Propagation Model IM

• Pros: – If you don‟t model tune, can be fast and cheap.

– Most complete IM (unlimited # of relationships)

– Serving area of the victim cell is independent of the frequency plan

– Based on the strongest server RSL [dBm] and hysteresis margin

– Can be used to fill in missing data in other types of IM

• Cons: – Model tuning can take time and money due to required drive

measurements

– C/I calculated levels on the ground (does not account for subs in buildings)

– Subscriber traffic distribution is a best guess • Roads

• Clutter database

– Low accuracy (dependent on the accuracy of propagation model) • Standard deviation = 6 to 12 dB

– Serving area boundaries are inaccurate

– Relies on the accuracy of the site database, clutter file, terrain file and propagation model

55

Switched Based IM

• Steps required to get a valid IM:

1. Generate scan lists within xAFP

2. Generate and activate switch commands to collect

measurements

3. Import MMR files into xAFP

4. Generate IM within the tool

5. Validate accuracy of IM

56

Generate Scan Lists

xAFP predictions Reliable 1st cut IM:

- propagation tool

- old measurement-based IM

x-AFP Scan List Generator…

57

Generate Scan Lists

• Activate „Rotating

BALs‟

– when number of

BCCH channels

is greater than 32

Specify folder where commands will be generated

58

Import MMR files into xAFP

• Objective

– Match Mobile Measurements with switch files

– Import Mobile Measurements File

– Generate IM from MM file

• xAFP file created

– <project-name>.rf.mm.gsm.csv (MM file)

– <project-name>.cid (xAFP IM)

• Generating IM from Mobile Measurements

– x-AFP Interference Matrix Tools Generate IM From Mobile

Measurements …

59

Mobile Measurements Import

60

BCCH-BSIC Matching rules

R1

R2

A

B C

D

E F

Rule 1: • Maximum distance to

resolve BCCH/BSIC pairs

Rule 2: • If beyond distance in Rule

1, apply antenna

beamwidth to decide

Rules can be extended to

discard unique matches.

Does not account for power:

- Propagation recommended

61

Mobile Measurements Import Log

• Check informational message after importation

– Verify that relationships have been created and

interferers have been resolved

62

MMR Diagnostics (I)

This functionality allows the users to analyze automatically imported measurements

based on.:

• The HO Percentage represented by the IM relations.

• Number of collection days

• The amount of traffic per sector

.

63

MMR Diagnostics (II)

Analyzing each of the point mentioned in previous slide, this functionality

estimates the number and the quality of MMR Measurements and scores

them as Poor, Good or Excellent

64

Mobile Measurement Files

Victim Total

Measurements

BCCH/BSIC Threshold 1 Threshold 2

DS100A 39000 233/23 1234 234

DS100A 23000 235/46 2341 1345

DS100B 10045 212/34 3908 2789

65

Switched Based IM using xAFP

• Two thresholds are set, e.g. -3dB and 12dB

– Assume Gaussian distribution of values

– The user specifies the relative thresholds of signal strength between the serving and measured BTS.

– When a measurement reports includes a C/I < -3dB, counter 1 is incremented and if it is also below 12dB, counter 2 increments together with counter 1.

– With these two thresholds, it is easy to fit a Gaussian curve and calculate the Mean and Standard Deviation C/I. Pr{X<-3dB} and Pr{X<12dB}

Gaussian Cumulative Distribution

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-15 -12 -9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81

C/I [dB]

Pro

b. %

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Gaussian Cumulative Distribution

Pr {X < C/I}

C/I

66

Multiple IM management

• Tool allows to store

/manage several IM files

in the same project.

• Manage IM functionality

is available from:

1. xAFP – Interference Matrix

Tools – Manage IMs…

2. GSM Simulation Parameters

dialog

3. GSM Optimization Parameters

dialog 2

3

1

67

View IM Relationships

From Edit Sector Dialog “RF Tab” OR Olap View OR Spatial view

The „Source‟ parameter represents the source of the interference and it can

have values such as:

ADDED (copied from others or added in edit sector),

MEASUREMENT (from MMR),

PREDICTION (insert interferers feature),

MEASUREMENT + AIC, PEGAPLAN, UNKNOWN

68

IM validation

• Critical part of retuning process

• Validation Tests

• Additional Audits

• How to improve IM

• Generate a more complete IM

69

IM validation tests

• Validation Tests – Cells with 0 IM relationships

• View Pivot Table RF Interference Matrix IM Statistics …

– Cells with very few IM relationships (< 5: rural cells, indoor, pico cells are explained)


– IM relationships with very few counts (< 500)


– Identify cells with ISBH outside the recording period

– Neighbors with missing IM relationships

• View Pivot Table RF Interference Matrix IM Neighbor (GSM) …

– Consistency Check Report

• x-AFP Consistency Check or F6

70

Cells with 0 or few (<5) IM relationships

• View OLAP Table RF Interference Matrix IM Statistics …

• Sort by “# of Interferers”

71

IM relationships with few IM counts (<500)

• View OLAP Table RF Interference Matrix IM Detail…

• Sort by “IM Count”

72

Neighbors with missing IM relationships

• View OLAP Table RF Interference Matrix IM Neighbor (GSM) …

• Sort by “HO Count”

73

Cells missing HO data

• Identify cells with 0 # of OUTGOING HO attempts

– View OLAP Table Network GSM Neighbors …

– Sort by “HO counts”

74

Consistency Check Report

• Sectors Tests

• Identify cell Not in Interference Matrix and Sectors with < 5 Interferers

– x-AFP Consistency Check or F6

75

Consistency Check Report

• Relationship Tests

• Identify cells in Interference Matrix but with < 100 IM counts

– x-AFP Consistency Check or F6

76

IM Validation

• Additional Audits

– IM validation via RXQUAL comparison

– IM Normalization

– Additional Interference Constraints Report

77

IM validation via RXQUAL comparison

• Use spreadsheet PrVsMrCorrelationTemplate.xls Comes with xAFP installation […]\Optimi\Optimi X\support

• Import Measured RXQUAL for the date you want to compare

• Import network configuration for the same date in On-Air project

• Use traffic data for the same recording period as the measured RXQUAL

• Run QoS simulation to obtain predicted RXQUAL. – x-Simulator GSM Simulation …

– See next slides for recommended settings

• Overview of QoS Simulator (while simulation is running)

• Export to the Predicted vs Measured RXQUAL to use in PrVsMrCorrelationTemplate.xls – View Pivot Table QoS RXQUAL Predicted vs Measured

…

78

IM Validation

• How to improve IM – Identify cells with BH outside the recording period

• IM based on those recordings might not be significant out of the ISBH

– Before the start of measurements collection process:

• BSIC audit and BSIC optimization

• Would reduce BCCH-NCC-BCC reuse and improve import MMR

– Run additional recordings for 1-3 days

– Extend to recording period and try to capture cell BH

• Generate more complete IM – Import ALL recordings and perform IM validation again

– Identify cells with no or few IM relationships

• Use older IM data to fill in such holes

– Blind spots

• Use older IM data to fill in such holes

79

QoS Simulator

Chapter 4

80

QoS Simulator

Mobile distribution

Resource allocation

C/I predictions per

mobile

Mapping of C/I

Store temporary results

More iterations

Results

QoS Predictions Hardware Fractional Loading

Erlang Fractional Loading

Offered Traffic

Carried Traffic

Dropped Calls

Blocked Calls

Simulations

• For every sector

• For every mobile

# of Iterations

• User defined

Other parameters

• Adjacent Channel

Rejection

• Call drop %FER target

• DL PC gain UL and DL

• DTX UL and DL

• Minimum RSL threshold

81

Curves Data

Mapping • C/I to BER

• C/I to FER

• Relation C/I to a QoS Metric

• Assigned to sector

• curve.gsm.sector file

Mapping function of : • Speech codec

• Mobile speed

• Radio channel

82

QoS Simulator Settings

Call Drop FER: This value

specifies the FER value at

which calls are considered

dropped

Power Control Gain

supplies the parameters

needed to account for

power control on TCH

channels

DTX Factor specifies the

time that a call is

transmitting

Manage IM allows

the user to specify

which IM will be

used when running

the simulator.

83


Use RXLEV – If

checked the

simulator will take

into account poor

quality due to low

signal strength

84


Specifies which KPIs

will be calculated by

the simulator. If a

box is checked the

simulator will

compile stats for the

given KPI for all

sectors.

85


The software will estimate

the number of Monte

Carlo runs needed to

meet the convergence

parameters specified in

the Edit Network

parameters. Typically this

corresponds to a

confidence level of 95%

that your simulation

results are within +/- 1%.

86

Correlation Report Analysis

• RXQual Predicted Vs. Measured Correlation

– Refine the Report to view Predicted, Measured, Pr- Mr, and |Pr-Mr|,

Total Erlang

– Refine Report to view RxQual 5-7

87


• How to Evaluate Results: • Review RMSE Thresholds

• Review Scatter Charts

• Review Bar Charts

88


89

Predicted vs Measured Plot

Use excel template OR

ViewPivot Table QoS RxQual Predicted vs. Measured Chart

90

What is a good range of results?

• For Simulation using C/I Only (RXLEV NOT checked)

– Er*RMSE ~ 6%

– RMSE ~ 7%

– Correlation ~ 0.3 – 0.4

– 70% of cells within 5% Error, 90% of cells within 10% Error

– Yellow line Regression slope (underpredicting)

• For Simulation using C/I and C/N (RXLEV checked)

– Er*RMSE ~ 3% to 4%

– RMSE ~ 3% to 5%

– Correlation ~ 0.6 – 0.8

– 85% of cells within 5% Error, 95% of cells within 10% Error

– Regression Slope close to 1.00 (0.9 to 1.1)

91


• What to do for Poor Correlation? – Measured RxQual

• Review Sectors with no measured data

• Load single day of Mobile Measurements and review qos.measured file with the raw measured data file randomly for a few sectors

• Load each day at a time an correlate

• Aggregate good individual days into a composite IM

– Traffic Data

• Check Traffic is accurate for the period of the recording. This is critical and accounts for many correlation problems.

– Network Data

• Check Network configuration after importing RAW data

– Physical Data

– Import at least 1 to 2 weeks of Mobile Measurements

– Verify data was collected for the same periods. (i.e., 3PM to 7 PM)

Check, Check, and Check Again…..

92

View QoS Predictions Results

• Examine results using Spatial View

• Spatial View (GUI)

– Predicted RxQual

– C/I

– FER

– TCH

– BCCH

– Combined

93

IM Update

Chapter 5

94

Update IM For Optimization

• Update IM

– Insert Blind Spots

• Previous IM

• Predictions

– Insert relations for cells with missing or few IM

relationships

• Previous IM

– Insert Interferers for new cells

• Predictions

95

Blind Spots

Site 200

Site 100

Site 300

Site 400

A

B

C

B

C

A

B

C

A

B

C

212

Site 600

B

C

212

214

223

209

Neighbor

Non -

Neighbor

96

Insert Blind Spots From Old IM

Insert Interferers… or Menu Item Layer Insert Interferers

97

Insert interferers

Insert IM relationships for sectors with few IM relationships

from OLD IM


98

Insert Interferers

Creating IM for new sectors


99

Optimization

Chapter 6

100

Setup Network Parameters

• Configure BCCH/TCH

Channels

• Configure MA Lists

• Configure System

Settings

Edit Network … or


101


Channels

• Configure TCH Lists to be

used for optimization

• Configure System Settings


Create a New TCH

list that contains all

the available

frequencies in TCH

Edit Network … or


102



Channels

• Configure MA Lists

• Configure System

Settings

Edit Network … or


103

Edit Sector AFP settings

104

Optimizable Parameters

Optimizable

Parameters

Edit Sector … or Menu Item Layer Edit Sector …

105

Optimizable Parameters

Enables users to globally change the TCH TRX type between BB

Hopping, BB Hopping on BCCH, SY Hopping and Fixed

Edit Sector … or Menu Item Layer Edit Sector …

TRX Override

106

Optimizable Parameters (cont.)

User selects which variables

to optimize…

107

Optimizable Parameters (cont.)

User selects which variable

to optimize …

108

Import/export BCCH and TCH optimization channels

It allows the user to export/import the current configuration

channels to be used in the BCCH an TCH optimization

• BCCH Channels…

• TCH Channels…

File Import Network GSM Valid Optimizable channels

109

Optimization Parameters (I)

Optimization Parameters

• x-AFP Optimization …

• Go to GSM Tab

110

Optimization Parameters (II)



• Go to Optimizer Tab

111

Optimization Parameters (III)



• Go to BCCH/TCH Tab

112

Optimization Costs

• Sector Weight * [ Constraints + RF Costs + Handoff costs ]

• Sector Weight = User setting in the AFP tab of Edit Sector

• Constraints = User settings in the Optimizer Tab

• RF Costs = 100 * Probability of Interference * Traffic (If Specified)

• Hand Off Costs = [ Number of HO between Vict_Int pair / Avg # of HO between Vict_Int

pair in project ] * Specified Cost

113

Default Settings for Ad-Hoc Optimizer

• Optimization Parameters

– x-AFP Optimization …

– Constrains for Ad Hoc BCCH TCH optimizer

– Go to Basic Settings

– Press Basic/Advanced Settings Button

114

Default Settings for Ad-Hoc Optimizer

• Optimization Parameters

– x-AFP Optimization …

– Constrains for Ad Hoc BCCH TCH optimizer

115

The initial, current and best costs for the Ad Hoc optimizer

are graphically presented during optimization process

Ad Hoc optimization cost function visualization

116

Costs Per Sector/Freq Report

Pivot table reports that represents the Ad hoc Optimizer costs on sector basis:

View Pivot Table Network GSM

• Ad Hoc Frequency Cost PT

• Ad Hoc Detailed Cost PT

117

HSN/MAIO Planning

HSN planning • Maximize distance between Co-MAL Co-HSN

MAIO planning (Optimize Option) • Avoid Co-channel TCH between TCH TRXs

within the sector • Avoid Co-channel TCH between TCH TRXs

within sectors of same site • Avoid Adj-channel TCH between TCH TRXs

within the sector • Avoid Adj-channel TCH between TCH TRXs

within sectors of same site • If interference cannot be avoided, interference

is pushed on higher TRX numbers • Produces random MAIO assignments

MAIO planning (Plan Option) • Avoids co-channel and adjacent within TRXs

of same sector and same site • If not possible then makes no effort. • Assigns MAIOs using a pattern • Use this only if you are certain that co and

adjacent can be avoided.

118

BCCH and TCH Plan Review

• Generate Channel reuse report – View Pivot Table Network GSM Channel Reuse … OR

– File Export Network GSM Detailed Channel Reuse …

– Use File Export for a large project when TCH plan present (much faster)

• BCCH Plan Review – Identify worst CO-BCCH-BCCH reuse relationships

• Sort by worst RXQUAL5-7

• Ignore reuse with RXQUAL5-7 < 0.1%

– Identify closest CO-BCCH-BCCH reuse relationships

• Sort by closest distance

• Pay attention to relationships with NO IM data (Mean = 777)

– Perform visual spot checks of the CO-BCCH-BCCH reuse

• View Spatial Layers Sector Network GSM BCCH Co

• View Spatial Layers Sector RF Interference Matrix DL Interferers Potential Co DL Co-Channel Interferer Mean

– BCCH-BCCH-CO displays interferers that have CO-BCCH-BCCH reuse

• TCH Plan Review – Identify worst CO-TCH-TCH reuse relationships

• Sort by worst RXQUAL5-7

• Ignore reuse with RXQUAL5-7 < 0.1%

– Identify worst CO-TCH-TCH Neighbors

• Sort by highest HO Severity (Collision Probability in %)

– Perform visual spot checks of the CO-TCH-TCH reuse

• View Spatial Layers Sector Network GSM MAL Reuse

• View Spatial Layers Sector Network GSM C/I during HO (dB)

119

Network Frequency Retunes

• Scoring Frequency Plans

– File Export Network GSM Frequency Plan Global Metrics …

• Consult sample IMPORTANT_FrequencyPlanGlobalMetrics.xls

120

Global Frequency Plan Review

• Tools Options

• Tools Reports AFP Compare FPGM… Select the configuration

with the actual

frequency plan

This is way to quantify and quality distinct frequency plans • Optimi xAFP allows to compare two frequency plans using the Compare FPGM option

121

Simulation with the Optimized Freq Plan

• As the IM has been changed

after introducing interference

from Blindspots and for the

new cells

• Export the pivot table QoS

> RxQual > Predicted

– Filtered out by „RxQual 5-7‟

122

Comparison Template

• Simulations of up to 6 different freq plans can be

compared in the template „MultiplanComparitiveScoring.xls‟

([…]\Optimi\Optimi X\support)

Data to be pasted from

the pivot table QoS >

RxQual > Predicted

Each freq plan simulation

must be pasted in

PredQoS tabs

123

Comparison Template

• Different tabs to score the frequency plans

Percentage of samples with RxQual

5-7

Percentage of

cells

124

xAFP Exports • Physical

• ASSET3G, Atoll, Planet EV, Pegaplan and Wizard

• Network • Optimi Channel Plan

• Nokia Channel Plan

• Ericsson CNA

• Siemens Channel Plan

• Mapinfo Table

• Pegaplan Channel Plan

• Detailed Channel Reuse

• Next Best Channels

• Frequency Plan Global Metrics

• Neighbor Diagnostics

• Optimizable Channels

• RF

• Interference Matrix

• QoS

• Predicted Quality

• Predicted vs. Measured Quality

• Default Parameters

• For Simulation

• For Optimization

125

xAFP Additional Features

Chapter 7

126

xAFP Additional Features

• BCCH retunes – IM Overrides (Local Knowledge IM)

• Edit Sector RF DL Overrides …

– Next Best BCCH Channel

• View Pivot Table Network GSM Next Best BCCH…

• Adding new sectors and sites – Add one by one

• Insert Sectors …

– Add multiple ones via single import

• File Import Physical Optimi …

• Neighbor Audit Database Filtering • x-AFP Neighbor List Audit…

127

IM Overrides

• Use for Local Market Knowledge of Interference

• RF Tab under Edit Sector

• Maximum Value = 100

128

Insert Site/Sectors

• Insert Sectors…

Click Add Sites to insert site level

data

129

Neighbor List Audit (I)

• x-AFP Neighbor List Audit…

Set Filtering

Options

Filter Based on:

•Handoff Counts

•Distance

•IM Relationships

•Channel Reuse

Add relationships:

•Enforce Symmetry

•Co-Sites

•All Possible

Neighbors

130

NOTE: Audit results will be overwritten if another audit is executed and the results

will be cleared if a new neighbor import is performed

Neighbor List Audit (II)

131

xAFP Displays and Reports

xAFP most commonly used

displays and reports

Chapter 8

132

BCCH reuse

133

BCCH reuse (Numerical display)

134

Channel reuse (for BCCH and TCH)

135

MAL channel reuse (for TCH reuse)

136

Neighbor List

137

# of HO attempts from serving cell to neighbor

138

Optimizable parameters

139

IM displays

• Probability of Interference

– Prob{ C/I < Target C/I }

– Assumes that both server and interferer have a co-channel

BCCH (full power)

• 5th percentile C/I in dB

– 5% of the time the C/I goes below the 5th percentile C/I

– Think of it as the “Lowest” C/I victim experiences

– User defined, i.e. you can use 2nd, 5th, 10th , etc. percentile

• Target C/I and C/I Percentile Settings – Edit Network System

– See GUI on the next slide

140

Target C/I and C/I Percentile Settings

141

Probability of Interference in %

142

5th Percentile C/I (dB)

143

BCCH distribution

• View OLAP Table Network GSM BCCH Distribution

144

Consistency Check Sectors

• xAFP > Consistency Check or F6

145

Consistency Check Relationships

• xAFP > Consistency Check or F6

146

BSIC Report

• View OLAP Table Network GSM CO-BCCH-BSIC and CO-BCCH-BCC Conflict Reports

147

Optimizable Attributes

• View OLAP Table Network GSM Optimizable Attributes

148

IM statistics

• View OLAP Table RF Interference Matrix IM Statistics

149

IM Neighbor Analysis

• View OLAP Table RF Interference Matrix IM Neighbor (GSM)

150

QoS (Predicted vs. Measured)

• View OLAP Table QoS RXQUAL Predicted vs. Measured

151

QoS (Predicted RXQUAL)

• View OLAP Table QoS RXQUAL Predicted

152

xAFP Displays and Reports

TCH Retune Methodology

Key Points & Summary

Chapter 9

153

Frequency Planning Strategies – Pros & Cons

• 1x1 REUSE (BCCH, TCH separate)

No need to do TCH planning

Need to do MAIO planning to avoid MAIO collisions between co-sited sectors

All cells have same REUSE (cannot avoid bad REUSE)

• 1x3 REUSE (BCCH, TCH separate)

No need to do TCH planning (secA=MAL1, secB=MAL2, secC=MAL3)

No need to do MAIO planning. Typically, better performance than 1x1 REUSE

• Mixed BCCH/TCH Ad-Hoc

Improves REUSE for the BCCH (more channels to plan the BCCH)

Better switch IM recordings (since co-BCCH reuse is loose)

TCH degrades since it has interference from BCCH

Requires planning of TCH layer. Need to use an AFP tool.

Need to check for interference from BCCH to TCH, TCH to BCCH in addition

• Ad-Hoc TCH (BCCH, TCH separate)

Improves the reuse of TCH since no need to have the constraint of too few MALs

Allows assignment of low Pc between bad reuse and high Pc between good reuse

Easier to manage than Mixed BCCH/TCH. Needs AFP tool for planning.

• Ad-Hoc TCH, 1x1 REUSE within Site (BCCH, TCH separate)

Same as above; allows looser reuse between sites in networks with small spectrum

• Staggered BCCH

BCCH is interleaved in between TCH channels. Avoids Adj-BCCH/BCCH reuse.

In small spectrum improves BCCH performance but introduces Adj-BCCH/TCH reuse

• TCH/BCCH/TCH

Increases frequency diversity since TCH frequencies are spaced farther apart.

Lower probability of RXLEV fading.

Introduces Adj-BCCH/TCH interference.

154

BCCH Retune Methodology Key Points

• Optimization Objectives

– No Co BCCH/BCCH 1st order nbrs allowed (Hard Constraint)

– Minimize BCCH QoS (% of erlangs with BCCH RXQUAL5-7)

– Avoid interferers with Prob{C/I<12 dB} > 10% (AFP setting)

– Minimize 2nd order nbrs that

• Have high # of HO attempts

• Are close in distance

• Have orientations that shoot into each other

• Use metric “% of HO affected by CO BCCH/BCCH 2nd order Nbr

reuse Optimizer”

– No penalty for Adj BCCH/BCCH nbrs (at C/I=-3 dB, HO occurs)

• Set the Adj Rej Factor from 18 dB to 100 dB

– Account for Adj BCCH/TCH since TCH powers down

– Balance BCCH QoS and # of HO affected by 2nd order nbr reuse

155

BCCH Retune Methodology Key Points cont‟d

• Nbr list optimization before BCCH retune

– Delete a nbr if

• # of daily HOs <= 1 AND

• Its 2-way nbr has # of daily HOs <= 1 AND

• % of daily HO relative to victim cell <= 5% AND

• NOT a Co-Sited nbr

– ~1% to 4% of the nbrs could be deleted

• Use xAFP Neighbor List Audit Tool

– x-AFP Neighbor List Audit

156

TCH Retune Methodology Key Points

• 1 MAL per sector – No adjacent channels in MAL to avoid same sector adjacent TCH/TCH interference

• Min MAL size = 3 – Increasing MAL size causes QoS to degrade exponentially

– Increasing MAL size from 3 to 4 channels improves frequency diversity gain only by 0.5 dB in interference and 0.5 dB in coverage

• HSN Planning – Plan HSN per sector

– Randomize adj TCH/TCH between sectors of the same site that reduces interference

– No need to plan MAIOs

• MAIO Planning – Set MAIO to default

• Other Options – MAL per site for sites with few TCH TRUs

– Can do a combination of MAL/site and MAL/sector.

– Sites with low # of TRUs use MAL/site otherwise use MAL/sector

– HSN per site with MAIO planning if # of TCH TRXs<= MALSize/2

157

TCH Retune Methodology Key Points

• Frequency Diversity

– Min Chan Sep = 3 channels/600 kHz between TCH

channels whenever possible

– Spectrum allocation: TCH-BCCH-TCH

• Hard Constraints

– No Co TCH/TCH on sectors of same site

– No Adj BCCH/TCH on sectors of same site

– No Adj BCCH/TCH on same sector

– No penalty for Same Site Adj TCH/TCH

158

TCH Retune Methodology Key Points cont‟d

• Blind spots

– No blind spots added from predictions

– Adding predicted IM decreases QoS prediction

reliability

– Assumption: If Co BCCH exists and is acceptable

then Co TCH can exist as well with acceptable

performance

– Fill in Blind Spots from older IM data

159

Retune Process – Summary/Big Picture (I)

PRE - RETUNE CHECKLIST

INPUT DATA

MEASUREMENT/ DATA COLLECTION .

DATABASE CROSS VALIDATION

IM & HO STATS VALIDATION

CREATE BASELINE PROJECT

IS IM VALID ?

CREATE PLAN PROJECT

PRE - OPTIMIZATION

SCENARIOS / ANALYSIS

CALIBRATE COSTS SETTINGS

FREQUENCY PLAN SELECTION

CHANNEL REUSE RPT

SCORE BCCH / TCH

Motorola REVIEW

OPTIMIZE HSN / MAIO

OPTIMIZE BSIC

MOP / LOGISTICS

PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

DELTA REPORT

POST RETUNE CHECKS

YES

NO

DATAFILL PREP

160

Retune Process – Summary/Big Picture (II)

• Develop a Project Plan

Identify all tasks that need to be done

Amount of time retune activities will take in order to understand deadlines

• Data Integrity Tests

Database Cross Validation Tests (Identify correct list of On-Air cells)

• BSIC Audit

Check for BCCH-BSIC reuse distance. Retune BSICs with “close” reuse (<15 miles)

Interferer CELLID matching with BCCH:BSIC depends highly on BSIC plan

• Mobile Measurement Recordings and IM generation

Collect for 2 weeks (make sure to include the BH traffic)

Perform IM validation, run additional recordings, use older IM data to fill missing IM data

• HO stats

Collect Daily HO attempts 2-4 weeks before retune

Ensure HO data is complete (HO data validation)

Ensure the data used is up to date. Plan performance is degraded with out of date data!!!

• Traffic Data

Collect traffic data for the time period as measured RXQUAL (for RXQUAL prediction)

Collect ISBH traffic for the last 2-4 weeks (For Frequency Planning)

Traffic for AFP = Average of 4 Peak ISBH values for each cell

• Measured RXQUAL Recordings

Collect measured RXQUAL recordings (preferable for BH traffic, busiest days)

• Obtain TRU growth

• Neighbor-List Optimization

Neighbor Deletions

Neighbor Additions

161

Retune Process – Summary/Big Picture (III)

• Create Projects for AFP

On-Air configuration with current frequency plan (BASELINE)

On-Air configuration to be used to optimize current plan (OPTIMIZED)

FORECAST configuration (On-Air plan + New sites) to plan for new sectors/sites (FORECAST)

• Run Optimizer, obtain various frequency plan scenarios, decide on the final plan

• Review plan

Generate reports and identify cells with potential problems (Channel Reuse Report)

Feedback from engineers, visual checks

• Export final plan for implementation

• Post retune activities

Monitor KPIs 5 days after and 5 days before

Compare Designed plan vs Implemented plan

Compare Nbr-List used in plan vs Implemented Nbr-List

162

Summary of Support Information

Phone Mail Support Licenses Web

HOW TO

CONTACT +34 95202 8059 [email protected] [email protected] Ask for a

GoToMeetingTM

session

SERVICE TIMES Mondays - Fridays

from 9 a.m. to 6

p.m. CET

Requests 24h/7d

Reply within 24h

Mondays - Fridays

from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.

CET

Mondays - Fridays

from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.

CET

USE FOR • Urgent incidents

• Complex

problem

• Any type of incidents

• Need to attach

documents

• High priority issues

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licenses

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• Incidents with

licenses

• Live support using

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• Requires internet

connection.

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(UNIX through remote

computer)



X-AFP Training Dec09

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Transcript of X-AFP Training Dec09