Jazz

Musicology 3

Overview

• WW2 and the development of Bebop

• Be-bop

• 1950’s – Where do we go from here?

• Freedom 1

• Freedom 2

• Experimentation

• Fusion and Beyond

Questions

• 1. What effects did World War II have on the development of jazz?

• 2. Be-bop has become the dominant language of jazz. Outline some of the defining strengths of Be-bop, with reference to some of the musicians who influenced it’s development?

• 3. Identify an important album recorded during the 1950’s and discuss?

• 4. The 1950/60’s were a tumultuous time in the history of the U.S.A. particularly for African Americans? Consider the role of jazz within the historical context of this period?

• 5. Identify two prominent jazz styles of the 1970’s and compare their importance in the development of jazz?

• 6. The modern era has seen the globalisation of jazz. Discuss two issues, which you consider are affecting jazz, either positively or negatively, with reference to particular artists and/or recordings?

Swing era

Benny Goodman

• Achievements were impressive –

• Defined the standard of Jazz Clarinet,

• Established standards of technical perfection within his band that were the envy of peers

• Huge influence on the popularity of “swing music”.

• Commissioned major works – Bela Bartok’s Contrasts, Aaron Copland’s Concerto for Clarinet, Paul Hindemith’s Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra, and Morton Gould’s Derivations for Clarinet and Band.

Body And Soul: Coleman Hawkins

1939

World War II

• Out break of War 1939

• U.S.A enters the war 1941

52nd Street

Modernism

The Musicians

• Charlie Chrisitan – Guitar

• Jimmy Blanton – Bass

• Charlie Parker – Alto Saxophone

• Dizzy Gillespie – Trumpet

• Thelonious Monk – Piano

• Dexter Gordon – Tenor Saxophone